Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
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CONTENTS
Introduction
Technological Developments
Regulations
Conclusion
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INTRODUCTION
First pipeline in history was installed for transporting the Cir, during old
Italy/Greece civilization.
Pipeline is the most economical and eco-friendly way of transporting liquid and
gaseous fluids.
Pipelines needs Huge investment and therefore the Focus is on Project Cost
Reduction and safe and efficient operation. Technological developments support the
same.
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India is net importer of Crude, and exporter of Petroleum Product,- with Present
Refinery capacity of around 184 MMTPA. Further addition at Bhatinda, Vadinar, Bina
and Paradeep
Natural gas, almost negligible at the time of independence around 47.51 billion
Cubic meters in 2009-10 further going up.
Major pipeline projects are underway, which will add another 7,450 km and 248
mmscmd to our gas transport infrastructure.
International Gas pipeline from Iran to India via Pakistan is also planned but it
depends upon the Political situation.
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The City gas distribution (CGD) is a fastest growing segment in the natural gas
industry in India
Analysts say that CGD sector currently consumes 5-6 per cent of the total available
gas, but is set to quadruple in a few years.
PNGRB expects the city gas distribution network to spread to 100 cities by the end of
the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2012).
Presently, gas demand exceeds supply by 30 per cent and further rising sharply.
Coal Based Methane (CBM) production has already started and will
important role as one of the prime energy sources in near future
Shale Gas can be another source of energy in future for India. Schlumberger, has
pegged the reserves of gas in shale deposits across the country at 300 times higher
than KG basin
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play
an
Once Shale Gas gets is produced , it will lead to huge demand for corresponding
pipeline network
Above clubbed with sustained GDP growth the pipeline network and capacity
specially the Gas pipelines is poised to grow substantially
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TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS
Construction:
Automatic Welding:
Designed to outfit pipeline welders with a seamless,
rugged solution for pipeline welding, resulting in
Quality improvement
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TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS
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reducing
TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS
Horizontal direction drilling (HDD):
HDD facilitates crossings of huge water bodies and other structures falling in pipeline
routes.
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TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS
Coating of pipeline:
Introduction of polyethylene and poly propylene coating of pipeline has increased the
life of pipeline.
Sleeve coating has significantly reduced the field coating application time.
Old methods like running a pig train and super drying are being phased out by
Vacuum Drying.
For Vacuum Drying the pipelines are brought to 4-5 Torr ( 1 Torr = 1.3 mbar),
reducing the moisture content to Dew Point of -5 Deg C, the desired value for
introducing gas in the pipeline.
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TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS
Operation:
Intelligent pigging of pipeline:
Intelligent pigging helps in determining the present health and balance life of pipeline.
to avert
Tubelining Technology :
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TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS
New Technology to Reduce Oil Transportation Costs via Viscosity Reduction
Viscosity reduction can improve the flow ability and rate thereby reduction in energy
consumption., thereby the cost
Research shows that using electromagnetism, with an innovative in-line device short,
precise electric pulse when bursts in the fluid flow, can reduce the Viscosity
It takes around 12 Hrs for the oil to come to its original Viscosity.
Still under field trials . Can be an alternative method for viscosity reduction when the
technology becomes proven in future.
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In Nov 2002 Govt. of India issued guidelines for laying Petroleum Product Pipe
Lines, wherein Pipeline were categorized and captive usage Pipeline and common
usage.The procedure for installation of Common usage Pipelines was announced.
The Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB) was constituted under
The Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board Act, 2006 notified via Gazette
Notification dated 31st March, 2006.
In Dec06, MOPNG announced policy for Development of Natural Gas Pipelines and
City or local Natural Gas distribution Networks with a objective promote investment
from public as well as private sector
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Timely completion of pipeline Project largely depends on the Land ROU/ Acquisition,
environment/ forest/ CRZ clearance etc.
Leak due to corrosion, accidents, theft and sabotage is a challenge during Operation
Repair of leaks is also an issue, especially in remote areas, submerged and densely
populated City areas. On Line repairs are used to rectify the leaks emptying out is
very difficult.
Multiple agencies like Municipality, P&T, Electricity Boards etc. thereby several
clearances for City Gas distribution Pipeline
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CONCLUSION
Pipeline owners/operators to critically examine every aspect of pipeline
development
including
Design/Engineering,
cost
of
procurement,
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