Important Sections of Law

Indian Penal Code (1860)

34 IPC
Equal responsibility in a crime with common intent
44 IPC
INJURY
82 IPC
No criminal responsibility below 7 years
83 IPC
No criminal responsibility between 7 to 12 years
84 IPC
No criminal responsibility of insane
85 IPC
No criminal responsibility of forcible drinking
86 IPC
Criminal responsibility of voluntary drinking
87 IPC
Act not intended to cause death or grievous hurt with consent
of person
88 IPC
Act done in good faith with consent of person
89 IPC
Act done in good faith on a child under 12yrs
90 IPC
Invalidity of consent if given under fear of injury or under
misconception
91 IPC
Excludes acts which are offences independently of harm caused
92 IPC
Act done in good faith without consent of person
93 IPC
Communication made for benefit of person
166B
Punishment for non treating of a victim of rape by a person in
IPC
charge of a hospital, public or private, whether run by the
Central Government, the State Government, local bodies or any
other person (1yr imprisonment)
172 IPC
Punishment for avoiding summons (1month SI)
173 IPC
Punishment for intentionally preventing serving of summons
(6months SI)
174 IPC
Punishment for intentionally avoiding order by a public servant
(1month SI)
175 IPC
Punishment for intentionally omitting to produce any legally
bound document (1month SI)
176 IPC
Punishment for intentionally omitting to inform a legally bound
subject (1month SI)
178 IPC
Punishment for refusing oath when duly required (6months SI)
179 IPC
Punishment for refusing to answer a authorized public servant
(6months SI)
180 IPC
Punishment for refusing to sign a self statement (3months SI)
181 IPC
Punishment for making false statement on oath or affirmation
to public servant (3yrs imprisonment)
182 IPC
Punishment for furnishing false information to a public servant
with an intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to
injury of another person (6months imprisonment)
191 IPC
Perjury
192 IPC
Fabricating evidence
193 IPC
Punishment for perjury (7yrs imprisonment)
194 IPC
Punishment of perjury leading to capital punishment (life
imprisonment or 10yrs RI)
195 IPC
Punishment of perjury leading non-capital punishment (life
imprisonment or 7yrs imprisonment)
197 IPC
Issuing false certificates
198 IPC
Using false certificates
199 IPC
Making false statement in an declaration receivable as evidence
in court of law
201 IPC
Disappearance of evidence (7yrs imprisonment)
202 IPC
Intentionally omitting to provide information of a legally bound

203 IPC
212 IPC
268 IPC
269 IPC
270 IPC
274
275
276
284

IPC
IPC
IPC
IPC

299
300
302
303
304

IPC
IPC
IPC
IPC
IPC

304A
IPC
304B
IPC
305 IPC
306
307
308
309
312

IPC
IPC
IPC
IPC
IPC

313 IPC
314 IPC
315 IPC
316 IPC
317 IPC
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326

IPC
IPC
IPC
IPC
IPC
IPC
IPC
IPC
IPC

offence (6months imprisonment)

Giving false evidence about an offence committed (2yrs
imprisonment)
Harbouring or concealing an known offender (5yrs
imprisonment)
Public nuisance
Negligent act causing spread of disease dangerous to life
(6months imprisonment)
Malignant act causing spread of disease dangerous to life (2yrs
imprisonment)
Adulteration of drugs (6months imprisonment)
Selling adultered drugs (6months imprisonment)
Selling a drug as a different drug (6months imprisonment)
Rash or negligent act with any poisonous substance as to
endanger human life (6months imprisonment)
CULPABLE HOMICIDE
MURDER
Punishment for murder (death or imprisonment for life)
Murder by life convict (death punishment)
Culpable homicide not amounting to murder (imprisonment for
life or 10yrs imprisonment)
Rash or negligent act causes death of another person (2yrs
imprisonment) MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE
DOWRY DEATH (7yrs imprisonment)
Abatement of suicide of child or insane person (death, life
imprisonment)
Abetment of suicide (10yrs imprisonment)
ATTEMPT TO MURDER (10yrs imprisonment)
Attempt to commit culpable homicide (3-7yrs imprisonment)
Attempting to commit suicide (1yrs SI)
Criminal abortion with consent (3yrs imprisonment and if
woman is quick 7yrs imprisonment)
Criminal abortion without consent (10yrs imprisonment)
Criminal abortion leading to death (10yrs imprisonment and if
act is done with her consent then he is punished with life
imprisonment)
Intentionally preventing a child from being born or causing its
death after being born alive (10yrs imprisonment)
Causing death of a quick unborn child amounts to culpable
homicide (10yrs imprisonment)
Exposure and abandonment of child under twelve years, by
parent or person having care of it (upto 7yrs)
Concealment of birth (2yrs imprisonment)
HURT
GRIEVOUS HURT
Voluntarily causing hurt
Voluntarily causing grievous hurt
Punishment for voluntarily causing hurt (upto 1yr)
Hurt by means of dangerous weapon (3yrs imprisonment)
Voluntarily causing grievous hurt (7yrs imprisonment)
Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by dangerous weapon (10yrs
imprisonment)

326A
IPC
326B
IPC
328 IPC
330 IPC
331 IPC
332 IPC
333 IPC
337 IPC
338 IPC
339
340
341
342
343

IPC
IPC
IPC
IPC
IPC

344 IPC
351 IPC
352 IPC
353 IPC
354 IPC
354C
IPC
354D
IPC
358 IPC
359 IPC
360 IPC
361 IPC
362 IPC
363 IPC
363A
IPC
364 IPC
364A
IPC
365 IPC
366 IPC

Vitriolage (7yrs imprisonment)

Attempting vitriolage (5yrs imprisonment)
Voluntarily causing hurt by administration of a poison (10yrs
imprisonment)
Voluntarily causing hurt to extort confession, or to compel
restoration of property (imprisonment upto 7yrs)
Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort confession, or to
compel restoration of property (imprisonment upto 10yrs)
Voluntarily causing hurt to any public servant (3yrs
imprisonment)
Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to any public servant (10yrs
imprisonment)
Causing hurt to any person by rash or negligent act (6months of
imprisonment)
Causing grievous hurt to any person by doing rash or negligent
act (2yrs of imprisonment)
Wrongful restraint
WRONGFULL CONFINEMENT
Punishment for wrongful restraint (upto 1month)
Punishment for wrongful confinement (1yrs imprisonment)
Punishment for wrongful confinement for 3 days (2yrs
imprisonment)
Punishment for wrongful confinement for 10 days (3yrs
imprisonment)
Assault
Punishment for assault or criminal force otherwise than on
grave provocation (upto 3months)
Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge
of his duty (upto 2yrs imprisonment)
Outraging modesty of woman (1yrs imprisonment)
Voyeurism (1yr imprisonment first time & 3yrs subsequently)
Stalking (3yr imprisonment first time & 5yrs subsequently)
Assault or criminal force on grave provocation (upto 1month)
KIDNAPING
Person conveying any person beyond limits of India without his
consent is said to have kidnapped that person from India
Kidnapping from lawful guardianship
ABDUCTION
Punishment for kidnapping (7yrs imprisonment)
Kidnapping a minor for employment or begging (10yrs
imprisonment and if he maims a minor life imprisonment)
Kidnapping to put in danger of being murdered (life
imprisonment or 10yrs RI)
Kidnapping for ransom, etc.
Kidnapping to be secretly & wrongfully confined (7yrs
imprisonment)
Kidnapping any woman to compel to marry against her will or
forced for illicit intercourse (10yrs imprisonment)

366A
IPC
366B
IPC
367 IPC
369 IPC
372 IPC
373 IPC
374 IPC
375 IPC
376 IPC
376A
IPC
376B
IPC
376C
IPC
376D
IPC
376E
IPC
377 IPC
493 IPC
494 IPC
497 IPC
498 IPC
498A
IPC
506 IPC

Inducing a minor girl for illicit intercourse (10yrs imprisonment)

Importing girls under 21yrs of age from outside India or from J&
K for illicit intercourse (10yrs imprisonment)
Kidnapping or abducting in order to subject person to grievous
hurt, slavery, etc. (10yrs imprisonment)
Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years with intent to
steal from its person (7yrs imprisonment)
Selling minor for purposes of prostitution, etc. (10yrs
imprisonment)
Buying minor for purposes of prostitution, etc. (10yrs
imprisonment)
Unlawful compulsory labour (1yrs imprisonment)
RAPE
PUNISHMENT FOR RAPE (not less than 7yrs upto life)
Rape resulting in death or persistent vegetative state (20yrs
upto life)
Sexual intercourse with wife during separation (not less than
2yr upto 7yrs)
Rape by seduction or induction by a person in authority (not
less than 6yrs upto 10yrs)
GANG RAPE (20yrs upto life)
Repeat offenders (upto life or death)
UNNATURAL SEXUAL OFFENCES (upto 10yrs)
Sexual intercourse with a woman by deceitfully making her
believe that they are married (10yrs imprisonment)
Second marriage in lifetime of spouse is void (7yrs
imprisonment)
ADULTERY (5yrs imprisonment but only for male)
Kidnapping of another persons wife for illicit intercourse (2yrs
imprisonment)
Cruelty to a woman (3yrs imprisonment)

Criminal intimidation (2yrs imprisonment and intimidation

involves threat to cause death, grievous hurt or destruction of
property by fire or impute chastity of woman then 7yrs
imprisonment)
507 IPC
Criminal intimidation by an anonymous communication (2yrs
imprisonment)
509 IPC
Insulting modesty of woman (1yrs SI)
510 IPC
Misconduct in public by a drunken person (imprisonment upto
24hrs)
511 IPC
Attempt to commit any offence (one-half of longest term of
imprisonment provided for that offence)
Indian Evidence Act (1872)
32 IEA
DYING DECLARATION
45 IEA
Expert witness
107
Presumption of survivorship
IEA
108
Presumption of death
IEA

112
IEA
113A
IEA
113B
IEA
114A
IEA
118
IEA
119
IEA
132
IEA
137
IEA
138
IEA
141
IEA
142
IEA
143
IEA
145
IEA
146
IEA

Legitimacy of a child born during continuance of marriage or

within 280days of dissolution of marriage
Presumption of dowry death in case of suicide by a women within
7yrs of marriage
Presumption of dowry death if shown that he subjected victim to
cruelty or harassment in connection with dowry demand
Absence of consent is presumed if women states she did not
consent in cases tried under Section 376 (2) (a to g)
Exemption from testimony due to extreme young or old age or
diseases of body or mind
Testimony by dumb person in writing (signed by him) or by signs
(made in court of law)
Mandates answering of all questions
Types of examination of witness, namely examination-in-chief,
cross-examination & re-examination
Order of examination i.e. first examination-in-chief followed by
cross-examination & finally re-examination
Leading question
Leading questions not permitted during examination-in-chief &
re-examination
Leading questions may be asked during cross-examination

Cross examination of witness about any previous statements

made by him in writing
During cross examination, witness may be asked certain
questions to test his veracity, to discover who he is & his position
in life & to shake his credit by injuring his character
147
Compelling witness to answer a question if such question relates
IEA
to relevant proceeding
148
For questions not relevant to proceeding but affects credibility of
IEA
witness, then court can decide whether such question can be
asked & can witness be compelled to answer
149
Questions asked during examination of witness should be asked
IEA
with reasonable ground
Criminal Procedure Code (1973)
28 CrPC
Powers of High Court & sessions judges
29 CrPC
Powers of magistrates
39 CrPC
Duty to inform Homicidal Poisoning
53A CrPC Medical examination on request of a police officer (not below rank of SI of
Police)
53B CrPC Compels examination of a female by or under supervision of a female
registered medical practitioner
54 CrPC
Medical examination on demand by suspect
61 CrPC
Summons
62(1)
Serving of summons by police officer or by an officer of court
CrPC
62(2)
Summons shall be served personally to the person summoned issuing him
CrPC
a duplicate of summons
62(3)
Person receiving summons shall sign a receipt on back of other duplicate
CrPC
64 CrPC
Summons can also be delivered to adults members of family with their

65 CrPC
66 CrPC
174 CrPC
176 CrPC
291 CrPC
293 CrPC
311 CrPC
327(1)
CrPC
327(2)
CrPC
344 CrPC
345 CrPC
349 CrPC
350 CrPC
416 CrPC

signature of receipt on duplicate if person summoned cannot be found

Summons can also be affixed on some conspicuous part of house where
person summoned usually resides if person summoned cannot be found
Summon shall be sent through head of department for person employed
in government service
POLICE INQUEST
MAGISTRATE INQUEST
Deposition by a medical witness in presence of accused & attested by
magistrate may be considered evidence in any inquiry, trial or other
proceedings
EXCEPTION TO ORAL EVIDENCE
Court can summon or examine any person though not summoned or
already examined if it appears that his evidence is essential for just
decision of case
Any criminal trial is considered an open trial i.e. open to general public
However inquiry & trials under Section 376 IPC shall be conducted incamera (closed rooms)
Court can conduct a summery trial for any witness who might have
committed Perjury & can sentence such witness to imprisonment upto
3months or fine upto Rs. 500 or both
Court can take cognizance of contempt of court (S. 175, 178, 179, 180 &
228 IPC) & award offender sentence of fine upto Rs. 200 or simple
imprisonment upto 1month in case of default of fine payment
Witness can be imprisoned upto 7days if he refuses to answer or produce
document required by court
Court can conduct a summery trial for any witness who fails to appear
before court even after repeated summons & can sentence such witness
to fine upto Rs. 100
Death sentence of a pregnant women is either postponed or
commuted to life imprisonment