PHYS 2211 Test 3

Spring 2015
Name(print)

Test

key

Lab Section

'

Greco (K or M), Schatz(N)

Day
12-3pm
3-6pm
6-9pm
Monday
K01 K02
Tuesday
M01 N01 M02 N02 M03 N03
Tuesday
K03 K05 K04 K07 K06 K08
Thursday M04 N04 M05 N05 M06 N06
Instructions
Read all problems carefully before attempting to solve them.
Your work must be legible, and the organization must be clear.
You must show all work, including correct vector notation.
Correct answers without adequate explanation will be counted wrong.
Incorrect work or explanations mixed in with correct work will be counted wrong. Cross out anything
you do not want us to grade
Make explanations correct but brief. You do not need to write a lot of prose.
Include diagrams!
Show what goes into a calculation, not just the final number, e.g.:
5 104

ab
cd

(8103 )(5106 )
(2105 )(4104 )

Give standard SI units with your results.

Unless specifically asked to derive a result, you may start from the formulas given on the
formula sheet, including equations corresponding to the fundamental concepts. If a formula
you need is not given, you must derive it.
If you cannot do some portion of a problem, invent a symbol for the quantity you can not
calculate (explain that you are doing this), and use it to do the rest of the problem.

Honor Pledge
In accordance with the Georgia Tech Honor Code, I have neither given
nor received unauthorized aid on this test.

Sakura

kinomoto

Sign your name on the line above

PHYS 2211
Please do not write on this page

Problem
Problem
Problem
Problem
Problem

Score
1
2
3
4

(25
(25
(25
(25

pts)
pts)
pts)
pts)

Grader

Problem 1 (25 Points)

An object of mass m and velocity v is acted upon by a net force Fnet at time t, as indicated in figure below.

(a 6pts) Using the numbered direction arrows shown, indicate (by number) which arrow best represents
the direction of the quantities listed below. If the quantity has zero magnitude or if more information is
needed to determine the direction, indicate using the corresponding number listed below.
p, the objects momentum.

5
I

(Fnet ) , the component of Fnet that is parallel to the objects velocity.

Ey

'

d
p
dt ,

the time rate of change of the objects momentum.

p
( d
dt ) , the component of
p
( d
dt ) , the component of

d
p
dt
d
p
dt

that is parallel to the objects velocity.

that is perpendicular to the objects velocity.

(b 4pts)At time t, the objects speed is (circle one):

increasing.

(Fnet ) , the component of Fnet that is perpendicular to the objects velocity.

decreasing.
constant.
unable to be determined with the given information.

d
p
p
( d
dt ) and ( dt ) for an object of mass m are shown at time t in the figure below.

(c 10pts) Using the numbered direction arrows shown, indicate (by number) which arrow best represents
the direction of the quantities listed below. If the quantity has zero magnitude or if more information is
needed to determine the direction, indicate using the corresponding number listed below.
p, the objects momentum.

10

or

Fnet , the net force acting on the object

( 6 2)
or

Metty (Fnet) , the component of Fnet that is parallel to the objects velocity.

(Fnet ) , the component of Fnet that is perpendicular to the objects velocity.

d
p
dt ,

the time rate of change of the objects momentum.

(d 5pts)At time t, the objects speed is (circle one):

increasing.

AY

decreasing.
constant.
unable to be determined with the given information.

Problem 2 (25 Points)

A person rides in an elevator above the surface of the Earth. The elevator descends a distance h towards
the Earth at a constant speed.

(a 5pts) The work done on the person by the Earth is (circle one)

Positive

Negative

Zero

Insucient Information to Answer

th
::
F. DF

:
-

mg)

W >

(b 5pts) The change in gravitational potential energy of the person+Earth system is (circle one) Positive
Negative

Zero

mg

Bh

Insucient Information to Answer

mg

( hf

hi )

hf

<

hi

DU

<

(c 5pts) The elevator cable breaks and the person+elevator fall an additional distance h. During this
second phase, the work done on the person by the Earth is compared to that done in part (a). The work
done now is (circle one) More Than Less Than The Same As Insucient Information to
Answer
=

(
F

mg )

mg

moved

th )

at

in

that

same

to the

close

Gmt

much
,

Case

so

as

in

No#

surface

the

of the

greater heights

the force is
correct

(a)

Part

then

larger at
answer

Earth

here

you

If the elevator

need

to

consider

smaller heights
would

be

' '

More

and

than

'

5pts) You push down on a positive charge Q1 and your friend pushes up on a positive charge Q2 . Charge
AX (d
Q moves down through a distance r and Q moves up through a distance r , as shown in the diagram.
1

For the system of the two charges, the net work done by the external forces F1 and F2 is (circle one):
Positive

Negative

FTSDF,

>0

Zero

Insucient Information to Answer

Es

and

so

Whet

>0

.sFz>o
5pts) You push to the left on a positive charge Q1 and your friend pushes up on a positive charge Q2 .
AX (eCharge
Q moves through a distance r to the left and Q moves through a distance r to the right,
1

as shown in the diagram. For the system of the two charges, the net work done by the external forces F1
and F2 is (circle one):
Positive

Negative
FT.

of

>0

and

Zero

FiDFz=0

Insucient Information to Answer

,

so

Wnet

>0

Problem 3 (25 Points)

Consider the childs toy shown in the diagram. This toy is made by attaching a ball of mass m to a wooden
stick by two identical strings. The stick is then rotated between the palms of your hand so that the ball
travels around a circle of radius R at constant velocity v. In the diagram, gravity points down (i.e. parallel
to the stick)
(a 5pts) In the space below draw a free body
diagram for the ball.

i.
Ip

lpt

Npt

(b 20pts) Determine the tension in each string if both strings make an angle of with the stick.

Ball

in

moves

motion

Circular

/Fnet|=

so

constant

speed

CEEI

T,

vertical

Tzuso

no

mg

Frett

so

pointing

Parallel to the ground (

is

Trajectory

at

circle

in

[ Eg

left

to the

motion

to

direction)

coso
sinotzsino
Kt T
SdueEq1f#

coso

(T

Tz

Tz)

Gso
o

cos

mg

mg

IT

PlugEq3intoEg
UseEq4inEq3T
,

Tz

It

Tz

mv

II.

I=

and [ E8i3]

mom
#, my
sina.it#non=nxn.=s.zB%9aEYI
T

+Tz

Tfs
#

( It
ZTZ

Sino

no

* The

tensions

strings

my

Eq

my

are

and

in

the two

given by

Eq

Rsino

no
Tz=zko

[EqS]

=T

cost

mtf

(T

Fo

[E4]

Elliff

Problem 4 (25 Points)

A rock of mass m is released from rest very far from the Earth (i.e. r = ). The only force acting on
the rock is the gravitational force of the Earth. In the following questions you can assume the mass of the
rock is much less than the mass of the Earth and neglect air resistance.
(a 5pts) Determine the velocity of the rock the instant it reaches the surface of the Earth. Your answer
should not be numeric.

lpht
t:
o

Kf

Uf

MVZ

'

GMT

direction

}GM

towards
of

lz

GMI
m/v2=

:{

mass

R=

radius

of

center

Earth

Earth

of

Earth

(b 5pts) For the case considered above, sketch the: Kinetic, Potential, and Total energy for the Earth+Rock
system.
-

.ee#eiitux::ogYi:FE*
U

A rock with mass m is released from rest at the Earths surface and drops through a hole all the way to
the center of the Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational force on the rock is mgr/R, where r is the
rocks distance from the center of the Earth and R is the Earths radius. This force points towards the
center of the Earth and is the only force acting on the rock. In the following questions you can assume the
mass of the rock is much less than the mass of the Earth and neglect air resistance.
(c 10pts) Determine the velocity of the rock the instant it reaches the center of the Earth. Your answer
should not be numeric.

BE
or

system

Initial

>

SF

dr.

rock

"

fTdr= TI ,[

=TEti=tYIt* =
Dk

rdr

os

Isc

GR

GRM

center

met

EYE
:#
v2=

surface

Final

rock

rock

the
only

direction
Away
center

from
of

the

the

Earth

(d 5pts) For the case of the rock falling through the Earth, the potential energy of the Earth+Rock
system is given by mgr 2 /(2R). On the graph below, sketch the Kinetic, Potential and Total energy for the
Earth+Rock system.

ftp.
k+u

2pt i

(Extra credit 5pts) How does your answer to part (c) compare to your answer in part (a)? Hint: the ratio
of the two velocities should not depend on any of the parameters in the problem.

what

is

nano

The

Gyre
rxg

PA
Part
Va

ve

2*17

=gRr

Greth

=TnHfTe=
speed

at

g= Gary

A)
crashing Mart

off

is

than the speed at the center

MZ

'

or

"

times larger

of Earth

L Part

C)

This page is for extra work, if needed.

Things you must have memorized

The Momentum Principle The Energy Principle The Angular Momentum Principle
Definition of Momentum
Definition of Velocity Definition of Angular Momentum
Definitions of angular velocity, particle energy, kinetic energy, and work
Other potentially useful relationships and quantities
!

1
"

|v |
c

$
%2
E 2 (pc)2 = mc2

#2

d
p
d|
p|
d
p
=
p + |
p|
dt
dt
dt

m1 m2
Fgrav = G
r
|r |2
&
&
&
&
&Fgrav & mg near Earths surface
1 q1 q2
r
40 |r |2
&
&
&
&
&Fspring & = ks s

Felec =

m1 m2
|r|

Ugrav mgy near Earths surface

Uelec =

1 q1 q2
40 |r |

Ethermal = mCT

m1r1 + m2r2 + . . .
m1 + m2 + . . .

Ktot = Ktrans + Krel

Krot =

Ugrav = G

1
Uspring = ks s2
2

1
Ui ksi s2 EM
2

rcm =

p|
d
p
|v |
= d|
= |
F
p and F
p|
= |
p| n

dt
dt
R

L2rot
2I

2 + m r2 + . . .
I = m1 r1
2 2

Krel = Krot + Kvib

1
Krot == I 2
2

A = L
trans,A + L
rot
L
'
ks
=
m

rot = I
L
'
ksi
v=d
ma
ksi
(micro)
d

Y =

F/A
(macro)
L/L

Y =

(q + N 1)!
q! (N 1)!

S k ln

S
1

T
E

S =

E
prob(E) (E) e kT

Q
(small Q)
T

EN =

EN = N !0 + E0 where N = 0, 1, 2 . . . and 0 =

'

13.6eV
where N = 1, 2, 3 . . .
N2

ksi
(Quantized oscillator energy levels)
ma

Moment of intertia for rotation about indicated axis

The cross product

A B = Ay Bz Az By , Az Bx Ax Bz , Ax By Ay Bx

Constant
Speed of light
Gravitational constant
Approx. grav field near Earths surface
Electron mass
Proton mass
Neutron mass
Electric constant
Proton charge
Electron volt
Avogadros number
Planks constant
h
hbar =
2
specific heat capacity of water
Boltzmann constant
milli
micro
nano
pico

n
p

1 103
1 106
1 109
1 1012

Symbol
c
G
g
me
mp
mn
1
40
e
1 eV
NA
h

Approximate Value
3 108 m/s
6.7 1011 N m2 /kg2
9.8 N/kg
9 1031 kg
1.7 1027 kg
1.7 1027 kg
1.6 1019 C
1.6 1019 J
6.02 1023 atoms/mol
6.6 1034 joule second

1.05 1034 joule second

C
k

4.2 J/g/K
1.38 1023 J/K

9 109 N m2 /C2

kilo
mega
giga
tera

K
M
G
T

1 103
1 106
1 109
1 1012