Chapter 1 Part 1

Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Historians suggest a primary cause of deforestation in ancient Greece and Rome was:
Selected Answer:

3.

overgrazing by domesticated animals

Correct Answer:

3.

overgrazing by domesticated animals

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
The Persians had a good attitude about nature but they lacked...
Selected Answer:

1.

accurate knowledge of the workings of nature.

Correct Answer:

1.

accurate knowledge of the workings of nature.

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
...was the most widespread and noticeable change made in the natural environment by Roman
activity.
Selected Answer:

4.

Loss of forests
Correct Answer:

4.

Loss of forests

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
"We are the absolute masters of what the Earth produces..." is from the ancient writings of:
Selected Answer:

1.

the Roman, Cicero

Correct Answer:

1.

the Roman, Cicero

Chapter 1 Part 2
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Which great naturalist thought experiencing nature was as important as food or water?
Selected Answer:

4.

Henry David Thoreau

Correct Answer:

4.

Henry David Thoreau

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Aldo Leopold's concept of a land ethic...
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

3.

argued for human responsibility of the land that they inhabit,

emphasizing the ecological importance of the land as a whole.
3.

argued for human responsibility of the land that they inhabit,

emphasizing the ecological importance of the land as a whole.
Question 3
5 out of 5 points

Carl Linnaeus is called...

Selected Answer:

1.

the father of modern taxonomy.

Correct Answer:

1.

the father of modern taxonomy.

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
The great naturalist credited with documenting metamorphosis in butterflies was...
Selected Answer:

4.

Maria Sibylla Merian

Correct Answer:

4.

Maria Sibylla Merian

Chapter 1 Part 3
Question 1
How do religion, spirituality, and belief systems play a role in human relationships to nature and
thus our sustainable future? (short answer; ~1 paragraph)
Selected
Answer:

Religion, spirituality and belief systems play a big part in the human
relationships to nature. Most religions have some code, law or guidance on the
topic of nature and state that it is part of their gods creation or that it is all
connected and can affect all. Some religions have even begun to support
enviromental change such as the catholics and buddhists. Religion is a big part
of human culture and thus if the church or spiritual guiders can all get on board
and support our susstainable future the earth will be in a better sustainable
place. Everyone has different view points but if the majority of the world and
religions can get together and agree on the same sustainable future 84% of the
world will be affected. That will make the difference for our children's future
and for the Earth's. Everyone has beliefs and everyone should want to help the
earth and with religion, sirituality and belief systems we can all agree that the
earth and its sustainability need to be saved for our children's sake.

Correct
[None]
Answer:
Response [None Given]
Feedback
:

Chapter 1 Part 4
Question 1
5 out of 5 points

In the US, a large part of the need for a more sustainable relationship to nature was
addressed in the 20th Century through the rapid growth of environmental law and
regulation.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
"Human beings are at the center of concerns for sustainable development." is
Selected Answer:

1.

Principle 1 of the Rio Declaration.

Correct Answer:

1.

Principle 1 of the Rio Declaration.

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
According to OECD reports, the US...
Selected Answer:

4.

all of the above.

Correct Answer:

4.

all of the above.

Question 4
5 out of 5 points

In regards to sustainability, "...the United States has not used a national

strategy or sustainability _______." (one word; fill in the blank). [Blank1]
Specified Answer for: Blank1

indicators

Correct Answers for: Blank1

Evaluation Method

Correct Answer
indicators

Exact Match

Chapter 1 Part 5
Question 1

20 out of 20 points

Please match the following pairs.

Question

Selected Match

Rachel Carson

C.

marine biologist

Silent Spring

D.

birdsong absence

DDT

A.

persistent organic pollutant

TEPP

B.

nerve gas

Chapter 1 Part 6
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
E. O. Wilson writes that we care about the environment...
Selected Answer:

2.

...but we do not know why we care.

Correct Answer:

2.

...but we do not know why we care.

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
"The Great Work before us, the task of moving modern industrial civilization from its present
devastating influence on the Earth to a more benign mode of presence, is not a role that we have
chosen. It is a role given to us, beyond any consultation with ourselves. We did not choose. We
were chosen by some power beyond ourselves. We did not choose the moment of our birth, who
our parents will be, our particular culture or the historical moment when we will be born. We do not
choose the status of spiritual insight or political or economic conditions that will be the context of
our lives. We are, as it were, thrown into existence with a challenge and a role that is beyond any
personal choice. The nobility of our lives, however, depends upon the manner in which we come to
understand and fulfill our assigned role. This is our great work and the work of our children." ...are
the words of...
Selected Answer:

5.

Thomas Berry

Correct Answer:

5.

Thomas Berry

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
"In Africa, however, a region that has hardly contributed to climate change, it will be a matter of life
and death. Unless we change our course, the coming generations will inherit an impoverished
environment that will mean a hungrier, less fertile, and more unstable world." ...are the words of...
Selected Answer:

1.

Wangari Mathai
Correct Answer:

1.

Wangari Mathai

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
Oren Lyons writes...
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

4.

"Can we survive another five hundred years of "sustainable"

development"? I don't think so. Not with today's definitions of
sustainable."
4.

"Can we survive another five hundred years of "sustainable"

development"? I don't think so. Not with today's definitions of
sustainable."

Chapter 2 Part 1
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Weak sustainability is an approach that...
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

3.

considers natural resources utilitarian and that they can be

replaced by other forms of capital.
3.

considers natural resources utilitarian and that they can be

replaced by other forms of capital.
Question 2
5 out of 5 points

Sustainability is...
Selected Answer:

1.

will of the people stuff.

Correct Answer:

1.

will of the people stuff.

Question 3
5 out of 5 points

Futurist Adam Fricker wrote: The challenge of sustainability is neither wholly technical
nor rational. It is one of change in... [Blank1] (3 words)
Specified Answer for: Blank1

attitude and behaviour

Correct Answers for: Blank1

Evaluation Method

Correct Answer

Exact Match

attitude and behaviour

Exact Match

attitude and behavior.

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
Sustainability textbook author Nolberto Munier tell us:
Selecte
d
Answer
:

Correct
Answer
:

3.

"Sustainability is a process involving people, institutions,

natural resources, and the environment. It is implemented
collectively and really points to the future. It is a process that
involves changes in behaviour, attitudes, consumption
patterns, spending and purchasing habits, and how society
perceives and values the environment."
3.

"Sustainability is a process involving people, institutions,

natural resources, and the environment. It is implemented
collectively and really points to the future. It is a process that
involves changes in behaviour, attitudes, consumption
patterns, spending and purchasing habits, and how society
perceives and values the environment."

Chapter 2 Part 2

Question 1
According to the Brundtland report...
Selected Answer:

4.

The concept of sustainable development does imply limits - not absolute limi
technology and social organization on environmental resources and by the a
activities.
Correct Answer:

4.

The concept of sustainable development does imply limits - not absolute limi
technology and social organization on environmental resources and by the a
activities.

Question 2

Agenda 21 is...
Selected Answer:

1.

A comprehensive action plan to help limit human impact on the envi

Correct Answer:

1.

A comprehensive action plan to help limit human impact on the envi

Question 3

1992, the Dublin Statement dealt with the use and misuse of _____ on a global scale. (one w
Specified Answer for: Blank1
Correct Answers for: Blank1
Evaluation Method

Correct Answer

Exact Match

water

Exact Match

waters

Question 4

The ____________ _____________ deal with aspects of assessing progress toward sustainable de
Specified Answer for: Blank1
Correct Answers for: Blank1
Evaluation Method

Correct Answer

Exact Match

Bellagio Principles

Exact Match

belagio principles

Chapter 2 Part 3
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
The Brundtland Report serves as a vital historical marker because...
Selected Answer:

4.

All of the above.

Correct Answer:

4.

All of the above.

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Economic sustainability involves the concept of...
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

1.

utilizing human-made capital, or traditional economic capital,

and human capital, or labor, to its fullest, most efficient
potential.
1.

utilizing human-made capital, or traditional economic capital,

and human capital, or labor, to its fullest, most efficient
potential.
Question 3
5 out of 5 points

is usually interpreted as maintenance of natural capital in such a way

as to support the services provided by ecosystems. The environmental
sources of capital include the remaining stocks of raw materials, as well as
those stocks of renewable resources. Certain areas have a capacity to
assimilate wastes, and these areas are also counted.
[x1]

Specified Answer for: x1

Environmental sustainability

Correct Answers for: x1

Evaluation Method

Correct Answer

Exact Match

Environmental sustainability

Exact Match

environmental sustainability

Exact Match

environmetal sustainability

Exact Match

environmental sustainbility

Question 4
5 out of 5 points

Regarding the prospects for sustainability in the post-Brundtland global order, authors Sneddon,
Howarth and Norgaard say that burgeoning levels of energy consumption, enhanced levels of
ecological degradation, a growing public mistrust of science, vast inequalities in economic
opportunities both within and across societies, and a fractured set of institutional arrangements for
global environmental governance; all represent seemingly insurmountable obstacles to a move
towards sustainability.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Chapter 2 Part 4
Question 1
0 out of 5 points
Holling's work suggests that the complexity of living systems of people and nature emerges not
from a random association of a large number of interacting factors rather...
Selected Answer:

1.

"from an isolated set of coincidences."

Correct Answer:

4.

"from a smaller number of controlling processes."

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
A panarchy is a representation of a hierarchy as a nested set of adaptive cycles.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
0 out of 5 points
According to Holling, human systems exhibit at least three features that are uniquefeatures that
change the character and location of variability within the panarchy and that can dramatically
enhance the potential of the panarchies themselves. Those three features are:
Selected Answer:

3.

strong values, strong, will, and a sense of purpose.

Correct Answer:

2.

foresight, communication, and technology.

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
Resilience is:
Selected
Answer:

4.

the ability of a system to respond to change without altering

the structure of function of the system.

Correct
Answer:

2.

the ability of a system to respond to change without altering

the structure of function of the system.

Chapter 2 Part 5
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
The Precautionary Principle, also known as the Precautionary Approach, can be defined as:
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

2.

a policy and decision-making tool of taking preventative

measures to avoid risks to public health or the environment,
even in the absence of definitive scientific proof.
2.

a policy and decision-making tool of taking preventative

measures to avoid risks to public health or the environment,
even in the absence of definitive scientific proof.
Question 2
0 out of 5 points

The Precautionary Principle was incorporated into:

Selected Answer:

5.

Answers 1, 2, 3 above.
Correct Answer:

6.

All of the above.

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
The Precautionary Principle is meant to direct the decision making process when analytical and
predictive data is unavailable or unclear.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
The emergence of the Precautionary Principle has...
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

2.

marked a shift from postdamage control (civil liability as a

curative tool) to the level of a pre-damage control (anticipatory
measures) of risks.
4.

marked a shift from postdamage control (civil liability as a

curative tool) to the level of a pre-damage control (anticipatory
measures) of risks.

Chapter 2 Part 6
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Emergy and transformity values can...
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

1.

provide a valuable tool to explore energy relationships in

regard to the economy and the environment.
1.

provide a valuable tool to explore energy relationships in

regard to the economy and the environment.
Question 2
5 out of 5 points

Emergy is energy accounting system that allows for a direct comparison of the total available
energy requirements for a diverse range of products, processes, or services.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points

provides a method of accounting environmental values in the

discussion of energy policy and natural resource management.
[x1]

Specified Answer for: x1

Emergy

Correct Answers for: x1

Evaluation Method
Exact Match

Correct Answer
Emergy

Question 4
5 out of 5 points

The emergy to [blank-1] ratio is a useful approach to evaluating [blank2] and exchange across international or regional borders. Because every
region has a different amount of emergy circulating in relation to the
money circulating, currency used as payment for goods carries with it, in
the items exchanged, an emergy amount indicative of the real [blank3] supporting the [blank-4].

Selecte
d
Answer:

The emergy to
money ratio is a useful approach to
evaluating
trade and exchange across international or regional
borders. Because every region has a different amount of emergy
circulating in relation to the money circulating, currency used as
payment for goods carries with it, in the items exchanged, an
emergy amount indicative of the real
wealth supporting the
region.

Correct
Answer:

The emergy to
money ratio is a useful approach to
evaluating
trade and exchange across international or regional
borders. Because every region has a different amount of emergy
circulating in relation to the money circulating, currency used as
payment for goods carries with it, in the items exchanged, an
emergy amount indicative of the real
wealth supporting the
region.

Chapter 2 Part 7
Question 1
0 out of 5 points
In examining business strategies for sustainability, analyst Derek Crews likes the following
definition of sustainability:
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

2.

"Capitalism achieves the greatest sustainability when allowed to

focus on the bottom line."
4.

"A business approach that creates long-term shareholder value

by embracing opportunities and managing risks deriving from

economic, environmental, and social developments."

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
The Triple Bottom Line is a business model that encompasses principles to reduce short-term cost
through energy efficiency and waste reduction, value creation in both existing and new markets, as
well as looking at long-term investment payoff rather than short-term.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points

follows a basic premise that businesses have a multi-dimensional

social responsibility, beyond their core organizational mandate for
sustained profit in their enterprise.
[x1]

Specified Answer for: x1

CSR

Correct Answers for: x1

Evaluation Method

Correct Answer

Exact Match

Corporate Social Responsibility

Exact Match

CSR

Exact Match

corporate social responsibility

Question 4
5 out of 5 points

According to business analysts Porter and Kramer: The concept of [blank1] can be defined as [blank-2] that enhance the competitiveness of a
company while simultaneously advancing the [blank-3]conditions in the
communities in which it operates. Shared value [blank-4] focuses on
identifying and expanding the connections between societal and
economic [blank-5].''
Selecte
d
Answer:

According to business analysts Porter and Kramer: The concept

of
shared value can be defined as
policies and operating
practices that enhance the competitiveness of a company while
simultaneously advancing the
economic and social conditions
in the communities in which it operates. Shared value
creation focuses on identifying and expanding the connections
between societal and economic
progress.''

Chapter 3 Part 1
Question 1

5 out of 5 points
Waste refers to...
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

2.

materials that are unwanted or unusablediscarded items that

are perceived to have no further use or value to the generator
of the waste.
3.

materials that are unwanted or unusablediscarded items that

are perceived to have no further use or value to the generator
of the waste.
Question 2
5 out of 5 points

The U.S. Department of Commerce defines durable goods as those that last three years or more
and nondurable goods as those that last less than three years.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
According to USEPA analysis, in 2009, US municipal solid waste generation declined to 4.34 pounds
per person per day.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
According to Munier, we are losing the battle with waste. The answer is twofold:
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

2.

We have to develop good means of waste management and

we have to reduce the production of waste.
2.

We have to develop good means of waste management and

we have to reduce the production of waste.

Chapter 3 Part 2
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
An estimated 12.3 billion tons of municipal solid waste were collected worldwide in 2011.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 2
5 out of 5 points

The [x1] diverts solid waste away from landfills and incinerators by
reducing, reusing, and recycling waste.
Specified Answer for: x1

low waste approach

Correct Answers for: x1

Evaluation Method

Correct Answer

Exact Match

low waste approach

Exact Match

low-waste approach

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
The most common way to dispose of municipal solid waste is...
Selected Answer:

1.

land-filling or open dumping.

Correct Answer:

1.

land-filling or open dumping.

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
The Integrated Solid Waste Management Hierarchy...
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

1.

includes waste reducing, reusing, recycling, and composting,

waste recovery, incineration with and without energy recovery,
disposal in landfills.
1.

includes waste reducing, reusing, recycling, and composting,

waste recovery, incineration with and without energy recovery,
disposal in landfills.

Chapter 3 Part 3
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Waste prevention strategies take many different forms, including...
Selected Answer:

5.

All of the above.

Correct Answer:

5.

All of the above.

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Which country demonstrated that it is technically feasible to recycle and compost 35-50 percent of
municipal solid waste at a cost no greater than the cost to operate a disposal-only solid waste
system?
Selected Answer:

2.

Germany
Correct Answer:

5.

Germany

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
In 2009, the U.S. recycling rate was 1.46 pounds per person per day.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
An example of nature's closed waste cycle is:
Selected Answer:

4.

All of the above.

Correct Answer:

4.

All of the above.

Chapter 3 Part 4
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
RCRA Subtitle C wastes fall into the following four major categories:
Selected
Answer:

3.

characteristic wastes, listed wastes, mixed wastes, and

universal wastes.

Correct
Answer:

3.

characteristic wastes, listed wastes, mixed wastes, and

universal wastes.
Question 2
5 out of 5 points

Characteristic hazardous wastes are those which are flammable, corrosive, reactive, toxic, or
infectious/pathogenic.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points

LLMW, HLW, MTRU are all examples of [x1] waste under RCRA and AEA.
Specified Answer for: x1

Mixed

Correct Answers for: x1

Evaluation Method

Correct Answer

Exact Match

mixed

Exact Match

mixed waste

Exact Match

mixed hazardous

Exact Match

mixed hazardous waste

Exact Match

mixed wastes

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
Under RCRA, electroplating sludge, and iron and steel manufacturing waste are examples of:
Selected Answer:

2.

listed waste.
Correct Answer:

3.

listed waste.

Chapter 3 Part 5
Question 1

20 out of 20 points

Denver, CO. | September 16th, 2011

First Federal Criminal Charges Brought Against Recycler for Exporting Toxic eWaste
Read this short article. For 20 points, what is name of the company who was named in the federal
charges?
[Blank1]
Specified Answer for: Blank1

Executive Recycling Inc

Correct Answers for: Blank1

Evaluation Method

Correct Answer

Exact Match

Executive Recycling Inc.

Exact Match

Executive Recycling

Exact Match

Executive Recycling Inc

Exact Match

Executive Recycling, Inc.

Executive Recycling, Inc

Exact Match

Chapter 3 Part 6
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
For plastics, the process of polymerization of the monomers that form plastics is never 100%
complete, and the remaining monomer building blocks of the polymer, such as styrene and
bisphenol-A, along with residual catalysts, can migrate from the polymer matrix into compounds
with which they come in contact.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Solutions to the plastic debris pollution problem are: (best answer)
Selected
Answer:

4.

Structural controls; beach and reef cleanups; deposits, fees;

source reduction; take-back schemes; industry housekeeping;

recycling; bans; legislation; biodegradables.
Correct
Answer:

2.

Structural controls; beach and reef cleanups; deposits, fees;

source reduction; take-back schemes; industry housekeeping;
recycling; bans; legislation; biodegradables.
Question 3
5 out of 5 points

In 2009, according to USEPA, the total recycling rate for plastics in municipal solid waste was:
Selected Answer:

2.

7.1%
Correct Answer:

4.

7.1%

Question 4
5 out of 5 points

The plastic in grocery bags is classified by USEPA as (2 best answers):

3.

a non-durable good.
4.

containers and packaging.

Correct Answers:

3.

a non-durable good.
4.

containers and packaging.

Answer Feedback: This is the best answer.
Answer Feedback:

Non-durable good is the best answer. This is the second best answer.

Chapter 4 Part 1
Question 1
0 out of 5 points
Please match the listed consideration with one of the three main pillars of Lehmann's thoughts on
green urbanism:
Question

Embodied energy

Correct Match
C.

Selected Match
A.

Energy and Materials

Urban landscape
typologies
Ecological city theory

B.

Water and Biodiversity

A.

Urban Planning and

Transport

Urban Planning and

Transport
C.

Energy and Materials

B.

Water and Biodiversity

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
The zero-waste city is a linear, open-loop eco-system.
Selected Answer:

False

Correct Answer:

False

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
According to Lehmann (2010), a city of eco-mobility has...
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

4.

a good public space network and an efficient low-impact public

transport system for post-fossil-fuel mobility.
4.

a good public space network and an efficient low-impact public

transport system for post-fossil-fuel mobility.
Question 4
5 out of 5 points

Much of Green Urbanism is common sense urbanism.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Chapter 4 Part 2
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
A definition of community is:
Selected Answer:

5.

All of the above.

Correct Answer:

5.

All of the above.

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
The following quote from Agenda 21 best demonstrates what concept? Local authorities construct,
operate and maintain economic, social and environmental infrastructure, oversee planning
processes, establish local environmental policies and regulations, and assist in implementing
national and sub national environmental policies. As the level of governance closest to the people,
they play a vital role in educating, mobilizing and responding to the public to promote sustainable
development.
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

1.

Local governance and organization has significant potential to

contribute to the quest for sustainability.
1.

Local governance and organization has significant potential to

contribute to the quest for sustainability.
Question 3
5 out of 5 points

Some strategies employed in urban community sustainability design are development and
redesigning of mass transit, green building certification and contracting preferences, improved
recycling facilities and development of waste disposal facilities that reuse waste, watershed
management organizations, urban forestry, development and improvement of open space and
public parks.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
According to Munier, sustainability in public administration is associated with:
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

4.

efficiency, handling of public monies, and relations with the

people that they serve.
3.

efficiency, handling of public monies, and relations with the

people that they serve.

Chapter 4 Part 3
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Green building is the creation of a structure where each aspect of the design, construction,
renovation, and operation pays attention to use and reuse of materials in a resourceful and
environmentally sound manner.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Green building is design and construction practices that significantly reduce, or eliminate the
negative impact of buildings on the environment and its occupants with regard to site planning;
safeguarding water use and water efficiency; promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy;
conserving materials and resources; and promoting indoor environmental quality.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
Green building:
Selected Answer:

5.

all of the above.

Correct Answer:

5.

all of the above.

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
According to the "Building the Green Way" HBR Article by Lockwood, a LEED-Platinum building has
100% less impact than a standard building.
Selected Answer:

False

Correct Answer:

False

Chapter 4 Part 4
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Slums, shantytowns, informal settlements, or squatter communities are the spatial and physical
manifestation of urban poverty and inequality.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Slum upgrading generally is a provision of basic services such as water supply, waste collection,
footpaths, access roads, electricity, sewage disposal, schools, community and health centers that
are provided to slums through partnerships between governments, institutions, local nongovernmental organizations and international organizations.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
Granting and transferring land tenure is a key strategy for ensuring ownership, security and assets
to slum dwellers and is a key component of most slum upgrading projects.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
Slum upgrading is the most widespread and effective method to date to address the systemic
issues of growing urban poverty and slum development.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Chapter 4 Part 5
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Urban heat island (UHI) is a term used to describe:
Selected
Answer:

2.

the increased temperature of city centers compared to rural

surroundings.

Correct
Answer:

3.

the increased temperature of city centers compared to rural

surroundings.
Question 2
5 out of 5 points

Urban heat island is a major concern because it causes an increase in energy consumption, reduces
air quality, compromises human health and can impair water quality.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
The most common types of UHI remediation are increasing vegetation cover, creating green roofs
which utilize vegetation, installing cool roofs which commonly use reflective surfaces and lastly,
using cool pavements which reduce heat absorption.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
The NYC UHI case study revealed:
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

3.

that vegetation had a most significant effect on reducing the

average air temperature than albedo or other built features such
as building heights or road density.
4.

that vegetation had a most significant effect on reducing the

average air temperature than albedo or other built features such
as building heights or road density.

Chapter 4 Part 6
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Distributed among the 305 million people that live in the US are roughly 248 million vehicles, with
the top energy consumers being automobiles and light trucks.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Transportation is the second largest consumer of energy behind industry in the world.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
Maintenance of the massive infrastructure supporting transportation costs an estimated $200
million per day in the US.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
In a modern vehicle, only about 50% of the cars fuel moves the driver.

Selected Answer:

False

Correct Answer:

False

Chapter 4 Part 7
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Corporate Average Fuel Economy or CAF - is a program in operation with the Department of
Transportation that sets fuel economy standards for carmakers.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Change to our current transportation comes with many challenges. These are:
Selected Answer:

6.

All of the above.

Correct Answer:

6.

All of the above.

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
The Electric Power Research Institute and Natural Resources Defense Council released a joint report
confirming that plug-in hybrid electric vehicle - or PHEVs - could reduce greenhouse gas emissions
by 40-65% over regular vehicles.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
Although electricity is derived primarily from fossil fuels, the "well to wheel" carbon emissions of
plug-in hybrid cars are reduced.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Chapter 5 Part 1
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Industrial Ecology focuses on:
Selected
Answer:

4.

the potential interaction between industrial activities and their

effect on the environment.

Correct
Answer:

4.

the potential interaction between industrial activities and their

effect on the environment.
Question 2
5 out of 5 points

Ecological Modernization operates from the top-down at a national level, relying on:
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

2.

policy implementation to provide incentives for individual

companies to take action to comply with standards set forth,
such as pollution control and waste reduction.
2.

policy implementation to provide incentives for individual

companies to take action to comply with standards set forth,
such as pollution control and waste reduction.
Question 3
5 out of 5 points

is the re-engineering of product design in order to use as few raw

materials as possible to make a final product.
[x1]

Specified Answer for: x1

Dematerialization

Correct Answers for: x1

Evaluation Method

Correct Answer

Exact Match

dematerialization

Exact Match

Dematerialization

Case Sensitivity

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
Industrial metabolism recognizes than unlike biological metabolism in nature, human systems are
closed cycles not open cycles.

Selected Answer:

False

Correct Answer:

False

Chapter 5 Part 2
Question 1

5 out of 5 points
Life cycle assessment is generally considered a cradle to grave method of analyzing industrial
processes, and involves the gathering of raw materials from the planet, the transformation of the
materials into a product, the use of the product and the disposal of the used product.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
The LCA process itself is systematic, and the ISO guidelines recommend following these four
components:
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

4.

goal definition and scoping; inventory analysis; impact

assessment; and interpretation.
4.

goal definition and scoping; inventory analysis; impact

assessment; and interpretation.
Question 3
5 out of 5 points

What kind of LCA answers questions about how things within the system are affecting the
environment?
Selected Answer:

1.

attributional
Correct Answer:

1.

attributional

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
A Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) involves the evaluation of the potential impacts to human
and environmental health from the system being studied, and tries to demonstrate a relationship
between a system and potential impacts to that system.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Chapter 5 Part 3
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Gross Domestic Product is an economic indicator that investigates the amount of materials that
flow through the economic system of a country and it is sensitive to natural capital.

Selected Answer:

False

Correct Answer:

False

Question 2
5 out of 5 points

[x1] estimates the environmental cost of making a product or providing a service by

adding up the overall material input that humans move or extract to make a product or
provide a service.
Specified Answer for: x1

Material Intensity per service

Material Intensity Per Service

Correct Answers for: x1
Evaluation Method

Correct Answer

Exact Match

material intensity per service

Exact Match

MIPS

Exact Match

Material Intensity Per Service

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
According to the Bainbridge paper, one of the most important lessons from material flow and life
cycle analysis is that:
Selected Answer:

4.

there is no away.
Correct Answer:

3.

there is no away.

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
Material flow analysis (MFA) is a systematic assessment of the flows and stocks of materials within
a system defined in space and time.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Chapter 5 Part 4
Question 1
20 out of 20 points

According to USEPA, businesses "design for the environment" by:

"Evaluating the human health and environmental impacts of its processes
and products. "Identifying what information is needed to make human
health and environmental decisions. "Conducting an assessment of
alternatives. "Considering [blank-1] impacts and the benefits of
substituting chemicals. "Reducing the use and release of toxic chemicals
through the innovation of cleaner technologies that use safer chemicals.
"Implementing [blank-2], energy efficiency, and other resource
conservation measures. "Making products that can be reused, [blank-3],
remanufactured, or recycled. "Monitoring the environmental impacts and
costs associated with each product or process. And, "recognizing that
although change can be rapid, in many cases a cycle of evaluation
and [blank-4] is needed."
Selecte
d
Answer:

According to USEPA, businesses "design for the environment" by:

"Evaluating the human health and environmental impacts of its
processes and products. "Identifying what information is needed
to make human health and environmental decisions.
"Conducting an assessment of alternatives. "Considering
cross-media impacts and the benefits of substituting chemicals.
"Reducing the use and release of toxic chemicals through the
innovation of cleaner technologies that use safer chemicals.
"Implementing
pollution prevention, energy efficiency, and
other resource conservation measures. "Making products that
can be reused,
refurbished, remanufactured, or recycled.
"Monitoring the environmental impacts and costs associated
with each product or process. And, "recognizing that although
change can be rapid, in many cases a cycle of evaluation and
continuous improvement is needed."

Correct
Answer:

According to USEPA, businesses "design for the environment" by:

"Evaluating the human health and environmental impacts of its
processes and products. "Identifying what information is needed

to make human health and environmental decisions.

"Conducting an assessment of alternatives. "Considering
cross-media impacts and the benefits of substituting chemicals.
"Reducing the use and release of toxic chemicals through the
innovation of cleaner technologies that use safer chemicals.
"Implementing
pollution prevention, energy efficiency, and
other resource conservation measures. "Making products that
can be reused,
refurbished, remanufactured, or recycled.
"Monitoring the environmental impacts and costs associated
with each product or process. And, "recognizing that although
change can be rapid, in many cases a cycle of evaluation and
continuous improvement is needed."

Chapter 5 Part 5
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
As a case explored in the doculecture, Duke Energy considers company decisions through four key
filters; these are:
Selected Answer:

1.

connection, efficiency, balance, and grandchildren.

Correct Answer:

1.

connection, efficiency, balance, and grandchildren.

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
According to the Sloan Management Review survey, business sustainability embracers believe that
engaging in sustainable practices will increase their customer base, and they also expect to see an
increase market share and profit margins in existing markets.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
According to the Sloan Management Review survey, "cautious adopters" of business sustainability
focus on efficiency, risk mitigation and regulatory compliance.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
Practices that business sustainability embracers have adopted that were identified in the Sloan
Report include:
Selected Answer:

5.

All of the above.

Correct Answer:

5.

All of the above.

Chapter 5 Part 6
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
In 2010, the US National Research Council wrote in their report Toward Sustainable Agricultural
Systems in the 21st Century, that farms are major contributors to:
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

2.

global greenhouse gases, biodiversity loss, natural resource

degradation, and public health problems.
2.

global greenhouse gases, biodiversity loss, natural resource

degradation, and public health problems.
Question 2
5 out of 5 points

Sustainable agriculture integrates the goals of:

Selected
Answer:

2.

environmental health, economic profitability, and social and

economic equity.
Correct
Answer:

2.

environmental health, economic profitability, and social and

economic equity.
Question 3
5 out of 5 points

Sustainable agriculture always means organic production.

Selected Answer:

False

Correct Answer:

False

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
Consumers can play a critical role in creating a sustainable food system.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Chapter 5 Part 7
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
The participatory integration of stakeholders affecting and affected by the forest is a component of
sustainable forest management.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 2
15 out of 15 points

Characteristics of terms related to sustainability in forestry.

Question

Correct Match

Selected Match

Conventional
logging

B.
No defined specifics, often thought to
be as exploitative, less concerned with
forest regeneration and pre-harvest
actions

B.
No defined specifics, often thought to
be as exploitative, less concerned with
forest regeneration and pre-harvest
actions

Sustained yield
(timber)
management

E.
Aiming for sustained timber yields;
timber-centric

E.
Aiming for sustained timber yields;
timber-centric

Conventional
forest
management

C.
Disciplinary and hierarchical;
characterized by homogeneity

C.
Disciplinary and hierarchical;
characterized by homogeneity

Sustainable
forestry

A.
Incorporating forest functions and
services, sustaining more than timber

A.
Incorporating forest functions and
services, sustaining more than timber

Ecosystem
approach

D.
Originally ecological point of view,
later on more holistic; aiming at
management of land, water and living
resources to maintain ecosystem
structure and functioning and
sustainable use; fostering
participation; translation into practice
via principles and guidance points

D.
Originally ecological point of view,
later on more holistic; aiming at
management of land, water and living
resources to maintain ecosystem
structure and functioning and
sustainable use; fostering
participation; translation into practice
via principles and guidance points

Sustainable
forest
management

F.
Interdisciplinary but sectoral;
characterized by heterogeneity, less
hierarchical, more transient and
complex, socially accountable and
reflexive; short- and long-term
perspectives; participatory process for
definition of criteria and indicators

F.
Interdisciplinary but sectoral;
characterized by heterogeneity, less
hierarchical, more transient and
complex, socially accountable and
reflexive; short- and long-term
perspectives; participatory process for
definition of criteria and indicators

Adaptive
(ecosystem/fore
st) management

G.
Interdisciplinary, iterative,
fundamentally experimental and
multiscalar analysis; continuous
decision process; not aiming at
minimization of stability and
uncertainty; instead consequent
selective risk-taking for better future
decisions

G.
Interdisciplinary, iterative,
fundamentally experimental and
multiscalar analysis; continuous
decision process; not aiming at
minimization of stability and
uncertainty; instead consequent
selective risk-taking for better future
decisions

Chapter 5 Part 8
Question 1
5 out of 5 points

In Green Chemistry, atom economy suggests that whatever you put into a chemical process should
result in a usable product, thus minimizing byproduct formation.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Chemical products that should be designed so that at the end of their function they break down
into innocuous products and do not persist in the environment is characterized as:
Selected Answer:

1.

Design for Degradation

Correct Answer:

1.

Design for Degradation

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
In Green Engineering, products, processes, and systems should be designed to minimize mass,
energy, space, and time efficiency.

Selected Answer:

False

Correct Answer:

False

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
In Green Engineering, material and energy inputs should be renewable rather than depleting.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Chapter 6 Part 1
Question 1
20 out of 20 points

Definitions. All or nothing / You must complete all matches correctly to receive the full
value for the question.
Question

Energy

Correct Match
E.

Selected Match
E.

is defined as the ability or capacity to is defined as the ability or capacity to

do work, such as movement against
do work, such as movement against
a force.
a force.
Current
(I)

Voltage
(V)

Resistan
ce (R)

Power
(P)

A.

is defined as charge per unit time,

measured in amperes, or amps and
one amp equals one coulomb per
second.
C.

is defined as the push of energy that

forces charge to flow, and is usually
expressed in volts.
D.

is defined as the tendency of a

material to oppose the flow of
current, usually measured in Ohms.
B.

is defined as the rate at which energy

is generated or used, usually
measured in watts where one watt is
equal to one Joule per second.

A.

is defined as charge per unit time,

measured in amperes, or amps and
one amp equals one coulomb per
second.
C.

is defined as the push of energy that

forces charge to flow, and is usually
expressed in volts.
D.

is defined as the tendency of a

material to oppose the flow of
current, usually measured in Ohms.
B.

is defined as the rate at which energy

is generated or used, usually
measured in watts where one watt is
equal to one Joule per second.

Chapter 6 Part 2
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Combined-Cycle Gas Turbine" (CCGT)...
Selected
Answer:

2.

uses exhaust heat from a gas turbine to drive another

steam turbine.

Correct Answer:

5.

uses exhaust heat from a gas turbine to drive another

steam turbine.

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
As environmental regulations become better at embedding social costs into private/process costs,
natural gas fired electricity generation, as well as generation fired by renewable resources, have
become more competitive with coal.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
In an IGCC plant...
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

1.

coal is not burned directly, but is processed with oxygen and

water in a high-pressure gasifier, to form a synthesis gas.
1.

coal is not burned directly, but is processed with oxygen and

water in a high-pressure gasifier, to form a synthesis gas.
Question 4
5 out of 5 points

When we examine the estimated levelized cost of various energy technologies, the calculations
indicate that wind, geothermal, and some forms of biomass are competitive with natural gas
combined cycle on a levelized cost basis.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Chapter 6 Part 3 was a written response, couldnt access the answer I wrote
for some reason.

Chapter 6 Part 4
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Globally, coal is the 2nd primary energy source behind oil, but 1st for electricity generation.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
From the lecture, which of the following statements about coal is incorrect:
Selected
Answer:

3.

In the United States 2/3 of coal transport is done by

interstate trucking.

Correct
Answer:

3.

In the United States 2/3 of coal transport is done by

interstate trucking.
Question 3
5 out of 5 points

Coal has become to be known as the dirtiest fuel source on the planet.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
Stated in the lecture, worldwide coal reserves are currently estimated at 826 billion tons equaling
119 years worth of usable resources at current consumption rates.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Chapter 6 Part 5
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Currently about 1% of the oil used in the United States is used in transportation.

Selected Answer:

False

Correct Answer:

False

Question 2
5 out of 5 points

Bureau of Ocean Energy

Management (BOEM) and the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement
(BSEE) recently reorganized from the U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management,
Federal rights for offshore oil drilling are managed by the

Regulation, and Enforcement (BOEMRE) (formerly the Mineral Management Service)

within the Department of Interior and extends 200 nautical miles from shore.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
The three types of recovery methods in oil production are:
Selected Answer:

2.

primary, secondary, and enhanced oil recovery.

Correct Answer:

4.

primary, secondary, and enhanced oil recovery.

Question 4
5 out of 5 points

[x1] is an indicator to express the relative magnitude of economically recoverable

resources, not a representation of the number of years a resource remains.
Specified Answer for: x1

RPR

Correct Answers for: x1

Evaluation Method

Correct Answer

Exact Match

Reserves to Production Ratio

Exact Match

RPR

Exact Match

reserve to production ratio

Exact Match

reserve-to-production-ratio

Exact Match

reserve-to-production ratio

Exact Match

reserves to production ratio

Exact Match

Reserves to production ratio

Exact Match

Reserves-to-production ratio

Chapter 6 Part 6
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Natural gas is the cleanest hydrocarbon fuel producing the fewest harmful emissions compared to
oil and coal.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Natural gas has a low energy density meaning the energy per volume occupied is lower than other
fossil fuel sources.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
Infrastructure and storage of natural gas and liquified natural gas will be a large component of
natural gas utilization in the future.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
Methane, the main component in natural gas is a large component of global climate change and
warming temperatures around the globe.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Chapter 6 Part 7
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
[blank] due to human activities have grown since pre-industrial times, with an increase of 70%
between 1970 and 2004.
Selected Answer:

2.

Global GHG emissions

Correct Answer:

5.

Global GHG emissions

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
According to the IPCC, there is high agreement and much evidence that with current climate
change mitigation policies and related sustainable development practices that:

Selected
Answer:

2.

global GHG emissions will continue to grow over the next

few decades.

Correct
Answer:

2.

global GHG emissions will continue to grow over the next

few decades.
Question 3
5 out of 5 points

Examples of impacts associated with global average temperature change for North America are:
Selected Answer:

6.

All of the above.

Correct Answer:

6.

All of the above.

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
In the IPCC analysis, there is high confidence that neither adaptation nor mitigation alone can avoid
all climate change impacts; however, they can complement each other and together can
significantly reduce the risks of climate change.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Chapter 6 Part 8
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
A barrier to the use of wind power as a viable energy source is:
Selected Answer:

5.

all of the above.

Correct Answer:

5.

all of the above.

Question 2
0 out of 5 points
Wind is the worlds fastest growing electric technology.
Selected Answer:

False

Correct Answer:

True

Response Feedback:

"Towards an electricity-powered world" Armaroli and Balzani, 2011

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
Thermal solar energy systems include:
Selected Answer:

5.

All of the above.

Correct Answer:

5.

All of the above.

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
According to the assigned reading, concentrating solar power (CSP) plants produce hot fluids by
solar heat and then use them to generate electricity by the same technology used in fossil fuels
and nuclear plants.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Chapter 6 Part 9
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
The five major observations in the McKinsey report "Unlocking Energy Efficiency in the US
Economy" are:
Selected Answer:

6.

All of the above.

Correct Answer:

6.

All of the above.

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
The central conclusion of the McKinsey report ""Unlocking Energy Efficiency in the US Economy" is
that EE offers a vast, low-cost energy resource for the US economy - but only if the nation can craft
a comprehensive and innovative approach to unlock it.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
The economic benefits of EE include:
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

4.

Lower utility bills for consumers, better energy services, a more

productive and competitive economy, and long-lasting
assistance to low-income utility support programs.
5.

Lower utility bills for consumers, better energy services, a more

productive and competitive economy, and long-lasting
assistance to low-income utility support programs.
Question 4
5 out of 5 points

Energy prices that do not reflect societal cost, provides a public good linked to under-investment,
imperfect information for consumers, bounded rationality with decision makers, and split incentives
are all attributes of:
Selected Answer:

1.

Market failure of EE.

Correct Answer:

1.

Market failure of EE.

Chapter 6 Part 10
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Negatives of renewable energy include:
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

1.

high up-front costs, inconsistent and low support from

governments, deliverability of the resource, intermittent
resources, and some environmental impacts.
2.

high up-front costs, inconsistent and low support from

governments, deliverability of the resource, intermittent
resources, and some environmental impacts.
Question 2
5 out of 5 points

We face a future where energy alternatives, carbon capture and sequestration, production and
consumption efficiency, and stabilizing or increasing forest and agricultural productivity are the
required paths to stabilizing and mitigating climate change.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points

According to REN21 (2011), liquid biofuels provided about 2.7% of global road transport
fuels in 2010.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
Key drivers of energy choices include:
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

1.

demand growth, supply challenges, environmental constraints,

security of supply, and technology and policy.
1.

demand growth, supply challenges, environmental constraints,

security of supply, and technology and policy.

Chapter 7 Part 1
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
As a result of their close proximity to urban landscapes, a 2010 analysis showed forty-five percent
of the rivers and streams in the United States were listed as not meeting basic water quality
standards.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Which is a true statement about groundwater?
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

2.

Groundwater refers to the subterranean aquifers that over half

of the population of the United States, and 1.7 billion people all
around the world rely on for freshwater.
4.

Groundwater refers to the subterranean aquifers that over half

of the population of the United States, and 1.7 billion people all
around the world rely on for freshwater.
Question 3
5 out of 5 points

The UN World Water Development Report 4 (2012) observes that there are major
uncertainties about the amount of water required to meet demand for food, energy and
other human uses, and to sustain ecosystems. Furthermore, these uncertainties are
compounded by the impact of climate change on available water resources.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points

The present and future challenges of water for humanity include:

Selected Answer:

5.

All of the above.

Correct Answer:

5.

All of the above.

Chapter 7 Part 2
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
The disability adjusted life year, DALY equals the child mortality rate divided by the disability
adjusted life span in a community.

Selected Answer:

False

Correct Answer:

False

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Water related disease includes:
Selected Answer:

5.

All of the above.

Correct Answer:

5.

All of the above.

Question 3
5 out of 5 points

According a 2010 report of the WHO, each year there are two and a
quarter million cases of this water-related disease, killing over three
quarters of million people, mostly children. [Blank1]
Specified Answer for: Blank1

Malaria

Correct Answers for: Blank1

Evaluation Method

Correct Answer

Malaria

Exact Match

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
For the sustainable control of water-related infectious diseases, researchers Batterman, et al.
suggest linkages of key processes within the water-related infectious disease cycle include:
Selected Answer:

5.

All of the above.

Correct Answer:

5.

All of the above.

Chapter 7 Part 3
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
The primary constituents of wastewater removal are:
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

1.

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids

(TSS), phosphorus, nitrogen, and pathogenic organisms.
1.

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids

(TSS), phosphorus, nitrogen, and pathogenic organisms.
Question 2
0 out of 5 points

In municipal wastewater treatment, the most common type of suspended growth process is:
Selected Answer:

4.

a secondary clarification.
Correct Answer:

1.

an activated sludge system.

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
Sludge is typically <1 to 12% dry solids, therefore reducing water content is a critical step in solids
management.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
0 out of 5 points

According to the sustainable wastewater treatment review by Zhou et al. (2010):

Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

1.

The model of "messing the nest" is unacceptable in biological communities,

and this is where we should find instinctive drivers for sustainable
wastewater treatment.
4.

Current wastewater treatment technologies deal with diluted wastes and do

not focus on recovery and are therefore not sustainable.

Chapter 7 Part 4
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
An direct pit latrine:
Selected Answer:

2.

can support ODF status if a fly-proof lid is used.

Correct Answer:

4.

can support ODF status if a fly-proof lid is used.

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
According to the World Health Organization about 40% of the world's population, 2.6 billion people,
lack safe sanitation.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
10 out of 10 points
Please match the following pairs:
Question

latrine

Correct Match
A.

a communal facility
containing one or more
commonly many toilets
direct pit
latrine
flying
latrine

composti
ng toilet

B.

excreta fall directly into a pit

underneath the user
D.

sing a plastic bag as a

container for excrement, then
throw or sling the bag as far
away as possible
C.

a dry toilet that using a

predominantly aerobic
processing system that treats
excreta, typically with no
water or small volumes of
flush water

E.
pour flush
toilet
like a regular flush toilet
except that instead of the
water coming from the cistern
above, it is poured in by the
user.

Selected Match
A.

a communal facility
containing one or more
commonly many toilets
B.

excreta fall directly into a pit

underneath the user
D.

sing a plastic bag as a

container for excrement, then
throw or sling the bag as far
away as possible
C.

a dry toilet that using a

predominantly aerobic
processing system that treats
excreta, typically with no
water or small volumes of
flush water
E.

like a regular flush toilet

except that instead of the
water coming from the cistern
above, it is poured in by the
user.

Chapter 7 Part 5
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Which of the following statements are not true of Class D water?

Selected Answer:

4.

Class D water is often called potable water.

Correct Answer:

1.

Class D water is often called potable water.

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Gray water is reuseable wastewater from residential, commercial and industrial bathroom sinks,
bath tub shower drains, and clothes washing equipment drains.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
According to EPA, a positive example of an advance in water recycling is:
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

1.

An ordinance in arid areas requiring all new residential dwellings

to include either a separate multiple pipe outlet or a diverter
valve, and outside stub-out installation on clothes washing
machine hook-ups, to allow separate discharge of graywater for
direct irrigation.
1.

An ordinance in arid areas requiring all new residential dwellings

to include either a separate multiple pipe outlet or a diverter
valve, and outside stub-out installation on clothes washing
machine hook-ups, to allow separate discharge of graywater for
direct irrigation.
Question 4
5 out of 5 points

Recharging ground water aquifers and augmenting surface water reservoirs with recycled water are
examples of:
Selected Answer:

2.

use recycled water indirectly for potable purposes.

Correct Answer:

4.

use recycled water indirectly for potable purposes.

Chapter 7 Part 6
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
According to FAO, climate change brings an increase in risk and unpredictability for farmers from
warming and related aridity, from shifts in rainfall patterns, and from the growing incidence of
extreme weather events. Poor farmers in low income countries are the most vulnerable and the
least able to adapt to these changes.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
According to FAO, toward 2050, rising population and incomes are expected to call for 70 percent
more food production globally, and up to 100 percent more in developing countries, relative to
2009 levels.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
Rainfed agriculture is the worlds predominant agricultural production system, but also hosts the
majority of the rural poor.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
According to FAO, most of future growth in crop production in developing countries is likely to come
from intensification, with irrigation playing an increasingly strategic role through improved water
services, water-use efficiency improvements, yield growth and higher cropping intensities.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Chapter 7 Part 7
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Conflicts over water could be looked upon as consisting of three key spheres:
Selected Answer:

5.

hydrosphere, economic, and political.

Correct Answer:

2.

hydrosphere, economic, and political.

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Which of the following is a FALSE statement about obstacles to water cooperation:
Selected Answer:

4.

None of the statements are false.

Correct Answer:

2.

None of the statements are false.

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
The case of lead mining in the Con Cuong district in Vietnam is an example of:
Selected Answer:

2.

water conflict and environmental injustice.

Correct Answer:

4.

water conflict and environmental injustice.

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
In the water sphere, freshwater conflicts arise from:
Selected
Answer:

1.

water quality problems, water quantity problems, and water

ecosystem problems.

Correct
Answer:

1.

water quality problems, water quantity problems, and water

ecosystem problems.

Chapter 8 Part 1
Question 1
10 out of 10 points
Match the type of indicator with its description:
Question

Correct Match

Selected Match

Qualititativ
E.
e
Do not inform about specific data, rather
indicators they only give qualitative information
that reflect the result of an appraisal of a
series of circumstances.

E.
Do not inform about specific data, rather
they only give qualitative information
that reflect the result of an appraisal of a
series of circumstances.

Quantitati
ve
indicators

B.
Are signs or signals. Based on specific
measurable data technically determined
as a result of several variables, combined
or uncombined.

B.
Are signs or signals. Based on specific
measurable data technically determined
as a result of several variables, combined
or uncombined.

Warning
indicator

C.
A visual message that an action will
occur, or that a result will occur because
of an particular action. The message
appears as a result of an action. This
type of indicator is viewed as a lower
limit or a threshold value which, when
exceeded, will result in a consequence.

C.
A visual message that an action will
occur, or that a result will occur because
of an particular action. The message
appears as a result of an action. This
type of indicator is viewed as a lower
limit or a threshold value which, when
exceeded, will result in a consequence.

State
indicator

D.
Shows the state of achievement relative
to a goal. Tell how close or how far
something is from a goal. Show if the
goal is near or has been surpassed, or
suggest that the target is not likely to be
met.

D.
Shows the state of achievement relative
to a goal. Tell how close or how far
something is from a goal. Show if the
goal is near or has been surpassed, or
suggest that the target is not likely to be
met.

Temporal
indicator

A.
Indicators taken over time may also
reveal a relationship or trend over that

A.
Indicators taken over time may also
reveal a relationship or trend over that

time.

time.

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Discovery of the networks, stress responses, and interrelated stabilities in complex systems, where
these relationships are not readily apparent, is a valuable part of the feedback potential of
indicators.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
The UDP Human Development Index (HDI) is an example of:
Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

1.

indicators integrated into an index, yielding an overall better

fix on the assessment of the system under study.
1.

indicators integrated into an index, yielding an overall better

fix on the assessment of the system under study.

Chapter 8 Part 2
Question 1
5 out of 5 points
Carrying capacity is:
Selected Answer:

1.

a system of demographic accounting.

Correct Answer:

1.

a system of demographic accounting.

Question 2
5 out of 5 points
The ecological footprint calculates the per capita amount of land on Earth needed to sustain the
consumption and waste generation of humans, as a whole and in different societal contexts.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 3
5 out of 5 points
IPAT formulations and analyses can be useful to show simple relationships that leverage
assessments of future sustainability, in a generally positive or negative direction.

Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True

Question 4
5 out of 5 points
Carrying capacity can be a dull or imprecise tool in the management of complex system, but it is
useful if those applying the concept recognize that any conceived or determined threshold is not
static and in some cases, not well quantified, except in a zeroth order approximation.
Selected Answer:

True

Correct Answer:

True