PRE - INTERMEDIATE

Tenses

Present

Past

Future

Going to

Simple
S: aux + verb (s)
U: Habits,
routines and true
things
S: aux + verb in
past
U: completed
actions in the
past

Continuous
S: aux + am/ is/
are + verb ing
U: happening
now
S: aux + was/
were + verb ing
U: situations in
progress in the
past

S: aux + will
(able to) + verb
U: predictions
and ability
S: aux + am/ is/
are + going to +
verb
U: personal plans

S: aux + am/ is/

are + verb ing
U: plans with
another person

Perfect
S: aux + have/
has + PP
U: unspecific
time in the past
S: aux + had +
PP
U: event in the
past that
happend before
another event in
past

Grammar
a. Good at, bad at, interested in,
of, excited about, bored with,
Uncountable
instead of, in spite of
- dont have plural
- some/ any
- a little/ muchModal verbs
Necesary (rules)
- a lot of/ enough
+ must
- some affirmative
+ have to
Present
- any negative
- a/ an with singular
Is not necesary
+ do not have to
Infinitive WITH TO
Obligation
+ had to
after some verbs (agree, arrange,
+ did not have to
Past
decide, forget, hope, learn, manage,
mean, need, offer, prefer, promise,
refuse, remember, try, want, would to)
talk about the purpose of something

Countable/ Uncountable

tired

Countable
- singular or plural
- some/ any with plural
- a few/ many (plural)
- a lot of/ enough (pural)

Possible
+ can

Is not poss
+ can not
Possible
+ could

Is not poss
+ could not

Modal verbs of advice

Futre Clauses
Future Clause
If
When
Before
+ present simple
After
As son as
Uses:
to talk about future predictions

-ing forms
1. Subject of a sentences
a. Working long hours is very
stressful.
2. Object of some verbs
a. love, like, dislike, enjoy, mind, cant
stand
3. After prepositions

Make suggestions Should (not) =

Ought (not) to
Strong suggestions Must

Comparative and superlative

Comparative

+ one syllable er
Modify with a bit or
To make comparisons
Longer adjective not a
+ one syllable - est

Superlativa
Uses:
To compare two things or people
To compare someone or
something in a group with all
the other things

Passive voice

Present

AUX + verb (s) + Obj

+ present simple
+ past simpl
+ present continuous
+ past contin
Simple
+ past perfec
Past
AUX + verb past + + present perfect
+ past simple
+ past perfec
Obj
+ will
+ would
Uses:
+ am/ is/ are going to
+ was/ were
Use the passive voice to focus
Uses:
on the action
To say what another person said
Use the active voice to focus on
Said + (that)
the subject
Told + object pronound
(me)
1st and 2nd conditional
Conditional
if Clause
Main ClauseWords:
Place there
1st
If
+ Present
I/ you + will/
Simple
might (not)/ can
This that
+ verb
Last week week before
2nd
If
+ Past Simple I/ you +
Yesterday day before
would/ could
(not) +
verb
Defining
relative clauses

Reported statements
Direct statement

Who/ that persons

Which/ that objects
Reported statement

Grammar Tense
Present Simple
Affirmative

Negative

Question

I/we/you/they + verb
He/she/it + verb + s

I/we/you/they + do not + verb

He/she/it + verb + does not + s

Do + I/we/you/they + verb ?
Does + He/she/it + verb + s ?

Frequency:
Adverbs: between subject and ver (always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever,
nerver)
Expressions: end of the sentence (every day, twive a week, on Monday, etc)
Uses:
Habits and routines
Thing always true

Present Continuous
Affirmative

Negative

Question

I + am + verb + ing
We/you/they + are + verb + ing
He/she/it + is + verb + ing

I + am not + verb + ing

We/you/they + are not + verb + ing
He/she/it + is not + verb + ing

Am + I + verb + ing ?
Are + we/you/they + verb + ing ?
Is + He/she/it + verb + ing ?

Affirmative

Negative

Question

I/ You/ He/ She/ It/ We/ They + verb in

past

I/ You/ He/ She/ It/ We/ They + did not

+ verb in past

Did + I/ You/ He/ She/ It/ We/ They +

verb in past ?

Uses:

Happening now
Temporary situations

Past Simple

Uses:

Completed actions in the past

Temporary situations

Past Countinuous
Affirmative

Negative

Question

I/ He/ She/ It + was + verb ing

You / We/ They + were + verb ing

I/ He/ She/ It + was not + verb ing

You / We/ They + were not + verb ing

Was + I/ He/ She/ It + verb ing ?

Were + You/ We/ They + verb ing ?

Uses:

Activity or situation in progress in the past

USED TO: regular acction in the past which dont happen now

Future
Hopes and plans
Plans and intentions
Prediction and ability

Future hopes not definite

Definite future plans
Personal plans
Arrangements plans
Predictions or beliefs about future
To talk about ability or possibility

hope, plan, want, would like + to

looking forward + to + verb + ing
Going to
Present Continuous
Will + verb
Will/wont able to + verb

Present perfect
Affirmative

Negative

Question

I/we/you/they + have + verb PP

He/she/it + has + verb PP

I/we/you/they + have not + verb PP

He/she/it + has not + verb PP

Have + I/we/you/they + verb PP ?

Has + He/she/it + verb PP ?

Uses:
To talk about unspecific time in the past
For and Since
For period of time
Since star point of time
Yet and already
Already something happened before now (aux + already + PP)
Yet something that did not happened (aux + PP + yet)

Past perfect
Affirmative

Negative

Question

I/ you/ he/ she/ it/ we/ they + had +

verb PP

I/ you/ he/ she/ it/ we/ they + had not

+ verb PP

Had + I/ you/ he/ she/ it/ we/ they +

verb PP ?

Uses:

To talk about an event in the past that happened before another event in the past