> INSTRUCTIONAL SOFTWARE < Caption describing picture or graphic.

Instructional software is applications software designed specifically to deliver or assist

with student instruction on a topic.

Instructional software packages
are computer programs designed spe-
cifically to deliver or support one or
more kinds of learning activities.
These programs can serve one or
more of the following five functions:
 drill and practice,
 tutorial,
 simulation,
 instructional games
 problem solving.
Drill and Practice presents items
for students to work on. Plus, it pro-
vides feedback for correct answers and
explanation of incorrect answers. It can
be connected to Directed Strategy. The
benefits are students receive immediate
private feedback, motivation and
teacher can save their times. On the
contrary, some of the limitations are
introductory to perceived misuses and
isolated skills. In teaching, this function
can serve as a supplement or replace-
ment of worksheets and homework
exercises which would be more produc-
tive for the students.
Tutorial presents an entire instruc-
tional sequence. It is a complete in-
struction; which can be either linear or
branching. Tutorials also can be con-
nected to Directed strategy. Some of
the pros are time saving, immediate
private feedback and promote
“independent” instruction. In contrast,
it provides limited space for students
to generate own knowledge, lack of
good products and it reflects only one
instructional approach. In teaching, it
can be used as a self-paced review of
instruction and an alternative learning
strategy.

www.funbrain.com www.flashclassroom.com

Simulation software models a Instructional Game Software pro- Problem-Solving Software is a

real or imaginary system and users
can see the impact of their actions. It
can be considered as Directed or
Constructivism strategies; depend on
how it is designed. It provides a lot of
benefits such as time saving, maxi-
mum engagement, safe experiment,
allows repetition with variations and
saves resources. Limitedly, it may
give inaccurate models and misuse of
simulations. In teaching, simulation
can serve as supplements to lab ex-
periments, role-playing, field trips,
and to foster exploration.
vides opportunities for content skill prac-
tice or problem solving in a fun, entertain-
ing environment. It depends on how it is
designed in order to be considered as
directed or constructivism strategies. It
can inject the element of fun in learning,
but not forgotten to maintain instruc-
tional purpose and ensure efficient learn-
ing. In teaching, games help students to
acquire automatic recall of prerequisite
skills.
tool to help students to solve prob-
lems. It can be connected to Construc-
tivism strategy. Some of the benefits
are motivating students and preventing
inert knowledge. However, it may
provide unclear skills/packages and
students enjoy the games without
learning. In teaching, it can be used
for teaching components skills in
problem-solving strategies, providing
support in solving problems and en-
couraging group problem solving.

www.simcitysocieties.ea.com http://pbskids.org www.keypress.com/sketchpad

Integrated learning systems- These are products that offer computer-based instruction and other resources to support instruction.
The systems also provide summary reports of students’ progress through the instruction, which are provided through networked or
online resources. It is also referred as “software solutions” or “technology solutions.” These programs also offer a range of resources
from assessment system features that help diagnose and remedy students’ deficits to helping teachers to use the product effectively.
 Interactive
Games and Activities
Caption describing picture or graphic.
> INTERACTIVE BOOKS AND E BOOKS<

Interactive Children's Books Advantages of interactive books Disadvantages of interactive books

They are any books that require some
sort of participation other than read-
ing alone. This participation can
range from books with texture to
those with special devices used to
help teach children certain tools.
The concept of the interactive book is
simple; to help provide children with
the fun stories they have come to
love while allowing them to interact
with the characters in a way that
makes the experience more real and
more fun. .
The interactive book began with simple
talking books. These books allowed
children to read while listening to a
recorded version of the story. The re-
cording came complete with sound
effects and character voices which en-
hanced the actual reading experience. It
also helped those children who did not
know how to read or had difficultly
reading to enjoy the story.
It is difficult to correct or update
books. Essentially the author has to
wait for the next edition (if it comes).
Psychological disadvantage: Books
are serious.
Authors usually also cram a lot of ma-
terial into their books to widen their
potential user base, thus reducing the
space they can dedicate to any given
topic.
http://www.woodlands-
junior.kent.sch.uk/interactive/

Ebook Advantages Disadvantages of e book

An e-book (short for electronic
book,or EBook), also known as a
digital book, is an e-text that forms
the digital media equivalent of a con-
ventional printed book. It is an elec-
tronic version of a printed book
which can be read on a personal com-
puter or hand-held device designed
specifically for this purpose.
Availability- There are million of free
ebooks available that can be offered
indefinitely, without ever going "out of
print".
Portability and Storage
An e-reader can potentially contain
thousands of e-books, limited only by
its memory capacity.
Costs
A great share of books are available
free of charge and can be printed
cheaper than traditional new books.
Changing Technologies- The formats
and file types that e-books are stored
and distributed in change over time.
Power and Shelf Life- A book will
never turn off or be unusable. The
shelf life of a printed book exceeds
that of an e-book reader .
Durability- E-book readers are more
susceptible to damage from being
dropped or hit than a print book.
http://eduscapes.com/tap/
topic93.htm

Reference:
Wikipedia. Instructional technology. Retrieved on February 1st, 2010 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Instructional_technology
Margaret D.R. & Aaron H.D( 2010). Integrating International Technology Into Teaching. USA,
Pearson Education.
Habala, P. On Some Advantages of Internet Tutoring. Retrieved on February 1st, 2010 from http://
math.feld.cvut.cz/habala/papers/goteborg.htm,
Johnson, L., Lamb, A. Electronic Books and Online Reading. Retrieved on February 1st, 2010 from http://
eduscapes.com/tap/topic93.htm,
Barrow, M. Interactive Games and Activities. Retrieved on February 1st, 2010 from http://www.woodlands-
junior.kent.sch.uk/interactive/