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(connective tissues)
Connective Tissue: loosely arranged cells and
abundant stroma
Matrix: stroma
Functions:
Support
Protection
Transport
Insulation
Hematopoeitic
Immunologic - vital function
Tisue repair
Embryonic origin
-mesoderm (primitive mesenchymal cell or stem
cells)
-malignant tumors are termed Sarcomas
Sarcoma - tumors in connective tissue; spread
through blood vessel routes;chemotherapy and
radiation resistant
Carcinoma - tumors in epithelial origin;spread to
lymphatic
CT tissue cells make up the fiber and the matrix
Fibers - thin hair like
CLASSIFICATION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
1. Adult CT (mature tissue)
A. CT proper
a. Collagen/General (Basic;made by
fibroblast) (fiber is Collagen type I)
i. Loose (fibers are loose) widely distributed, superficial and deep
fascia,few collagen fibers, found
underneath the skin
ii. Dense (fibers are compact)
2. Embryonic CT (embryo/fetus)
A. Mesenchymal - most primitive; scrutinized
bec of its ability to contain a lot of stem cells
3. Specialized CT
A. CARTILAGE
a. Hyaline
Mixed soil appearance - bluish gray
Chondrocytes - rich in chondroitin-4sulfate
Inactivated - chondrocytes
Activated - chondroblast
Most abundant cartilage
Larynx, voicebox, tracheobronchial tree,
ribs, costochondrial
b. Fibrocartilage
Contain more collagen (abundant
collagen)
Like dense regular
Linear formation
Found in a very important organ that
carries our weight (spine) each stack of
spine contain fibrocartilage in between;
intervertebral disk ; shock absorber
c. Elastic
With chondrocytes but More elastin
fibers; no blue gray color but more of
pink; cells are bigger and closer
Lacuna - spaces
Chondrocytes are inside lacuna
CYTOLOGY
The ultrastructure of the cell
Cells are the fundamental...
Each cell has its own specialization
Nucelus separated w cytoplasm bec of nuclear
membrane
Phases of concavity
1. Concave phase - trans (maturing) phase;
faces the nucleus
2. Cis phase - faces RER; connected to RER
GOLGI APPARATUS
Functions of Golgi:
-Meant to pack the product; concentate/modify
the product
-product to be excreted out by exocytosis
Sulfation - add a sulfate
Mucopolysaccharide -thick product; produced by
goblet cell
MITOCHONDRIA
cigar shaped
Powerhouse
Self replicating organelle (capable of multiplying;
has own DNA)
Crista - septations
Along the wall of crista are globular units
Diff shape of crista depending on type of cell
1. Closely packed crista - linear