9/24/2013

Shade & Shadows

ARC 113: Sciagraphy & Perspective

1.Shade & Shadows

Academic Year 2013-2014

Dr. Abeer Mohammad Mostafa

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

Introduction Shade1
&Shadows
Why?  Course Aims& Objectives
Understanding the significance of shades& shadows in perceiving
compositions.

Developing skills
of representation
and rendering via
casting shades and
shadows in
architectural
drawings for
efficiently
expressing
architectural
compositions.

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

Introduction Shade1
&Shadows
Why?  Course Aims& Objectives
Understanding the significance of shades& shadows in perceiving
compositions.

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

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Introduction Shade1
&Shadows
What?  Definitions
Shade ‫الظل‬
‫أوالظل الذاتي أي الذي يتكون على نفس المجسم نتيجة‬
‫تكوينه أو بروزاته‬
Shade (or self shading) is the shade
created by an object on its own
surface (s) due to its own form or
projection (s))

Shadow ‫الظالل‬
‫هي المناطق المظللة على أسطح خارجية وال يصلها‬
‫الضوء نتيجة اعتراضه‬
‫تتكون الظالل نتيجة تقاطع اشعة الضوء مع شيء‬
‫يعترضها ثم وصولها لسطح تتكون عليه الظالل‬
Shadow is created by an object on
other surface (s) (due to its
obstructing of light)
Dr.Abeer Mostafa

astronomical unit (AU)

The average distance from the Earth to the Sun; 1 AU is 149,597,870 kilometers (92,960,116 miles).

Introduction Shade1
&Shadows
How?
Casting Shade/ shadow

Expressing (drawing) Shade&shadow

2D 3D

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

astronomical unit (AU)

The average distance from the Earth to the Sun; 1 AU is 149,597,870 kilometers (92,960,116 miles).

Introduction Shade1
&Shadows
How? 2D (orthographic Projection) 3D
Side View Front View Front View
(Elevation or (Elevation) (Elevation)
Section)

Ground Line Ground Line

Top View (Plan) Top View (Plan)

Dr. Abeer Mostafa

astronomical unit (AU)

The average distance from the Earth to the Sun; 1 AU is 149,597,870 kilometers (92,960,116 miles).

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Introduction Shade 1
&Shadows
How? 3D Isometric 3D
Front View
(Elevation)
Side View Front View
(Elevation)

30o 30o
Top View (Plan)

30o 30o
Top View (Plan)

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

Introduction Shade 1
&Shadows
How? Light Beam Direction& projections
Front View
2D 3D (Elevation)
Front View
Side View (Elevation)

45o 45o Ground

45o Line

Remember
light beam
projections’
angles: 45o Top View (Plan)
Top View (Plan)

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

Introduction Shade 1
&Shadows
How? Light Beam Direction& projections
Front View
3D Isometric 3D (Elevation)

60o

30o
0o

Remember light beam angles in Top View (Plan)

Isometric: 30o
In front (vertical projection): 60o
In Plan : Horizontal 0o
Dr.Abeer Mostafa

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Introduction Shade 1
&Shadows
How? Light Beam Direction& projections
2D 3D Isometric
Front View
Front View Side View
Side View (Elevation)
(Elevation)

60o
45o 45o Ground
Line
45o 30o
Light beam 0o
Top View (Plan)
projections’
angles: 45o
Light beam angles in Isometric:
Top View (Plan) 30o
In front (vertical projection):
60o
Dr.Abeer Mostafa
In Plan : Horizontal 0o

Introduction Shade 1
&Shadows
How? Objects that cast shadows
Three
dimensional
forms
Points
+ +
+ +

Planes Lines + +
+ +

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

Shade 1
&Shadows

‫ظالل النقاط‬
Shadows of Points

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

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Shadows of Points Shade

&Shadows
1

2D 3D

A + A+
A
+
+A/
/
+A
A+
A +

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

Shadows of Points Shade

&Shadows
1
2D 3D

A+
A +
A
+
+A/ A/
A+ +
A +

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

Shadows of Points Shade

&Shadows
1
Virtual shadow
2D 3D

A+

A + A
+

A/
A+ +
+A/ +A// A//
+
A +

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

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Shadows of Points Shade

&Shadows
1
Virtual shadow 3D
2D

A + A+
A
A/ A// +
+ +
/
+A
//
A+ +A
A +

‫ ظل نقطة على مستوى يالصقها يقع على نفس النقطة‬:‫قاعدة‬

Rule: The shadow of a point on a plane that it lies in, lies at
the same point Dr.Abeer Mostafa

Shade
&Shadows
1

‫ظالل الخطوط‬
Shadows of Lines

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

Shadows of Lines Shade

&Shadows
1

B A
A A B
B/ B

A/ B/
A/

B
A B

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

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Shadows of Lines Shade1

&Shadows

B/ B
A
B
A
A B/

A/ A A/
A// A//
B
B

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

Shadows of Lines Shade

1
&Shadows

A
A
A/ A

A/

B B

A A
B//
B/
B B/
B B//

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

Shade1
&Shadows

‫أنواع الخطوط‬

Dr.Abeer Mostafa

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‫‪Shadows of Lines‬‬ ‫‪Shade‬‬

‫‪&Shadows‬‬
‫‪1‬‬

‫‪A‬‬
‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪B‬‬

‫‪B‬‬

‫‪A‬‬

‫‪B/‬‬ ‫‪B‬‬

‫‪A/‬‬
‫‪A/‬‬
‫‪B‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬
‫‪B/‬‬
‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪B‬‬

‫قاعدة‪ :‬ظل خط عىل مس توى موازي هل هو خط بنفس طول واجتاه اخلط ا ألصيل‬
‫‪Rule:‬‬
‫‪The shadow of a line on a plane that’s parallel to it is a‬‬
‫‪line whose length and direction are the same as the original line.‬‬
‫‪Dr.Abeer Mostafa‬‬

‫‪Shadows of Lines‬‬
‫‪A‬‬
‫‪Shade‬‬
‫‪&Shadows‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬

‫‪A/‬‬
‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪A/‬‬

‫‪A‬‬
‫‪B‬‬
‫‪A/‬‬
‫‪B‬‬
‫‪B‬‬
‫‪A/‬‬
‫‪B/‬‬ ‫‪B/‬‬
‫‪B‬‬
‫‪A‬‬
‫‪B‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪B‬‬
‫‪A‬‬
‫‪B‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫‪A‬‬
‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪B/‬‬ ‫‪B//‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪B/‬‬
‫‪B‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪B‬‬
‫‪B //‬‬
‫قاعدة‪ :‬ظل اخلط الرأأيس(العمودي عىل ا ألفقي)‪ :‬عىل املس توى الرأأيس يوازيه‪ ،‬وعىل املس توى الافقي مع اجتاه‬
‫املسقط ا ألفقي لشعاع الضوء‬
‫ابملثل‪ :‬ظل اخلط ا ألفقي (العمودي عىل الرأأيس)‪ :‬عىل املس توى ا ألفقي يوازيه‪ ،‬وعىل املس توى الرأأيس‪ :‬مع اجتاه‬
‫‪Dr.Abeer Mostafa‬‬
‫املسقط الرأأيس لشعاع الضوء‬

‫‪Shade‬‬
‫‪&Shadows‬‬
‫‪1‬‬

‫‪Dr.Abeer Mostafa‬‬

‫‪8‬‬