I.

Mengidentifikasi Masalah atau Topik

Topik penelitian yang dibahas dalam jurnal yang berjudul Asthma Management
Abilities Causal Model: An Empirical Test among Parent Caregivers of the Pre-School
Asthmatic, yaitu pengaruh peran tenaga medis peran orang tua dalam merawat penyakit
asma yang kronis.
Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways that is usually reversible and life
threatening. Inappropriate treatment and care may cause some serious problems as well
as complications such as pneumonia, respiratory failure or even death especially in
infants and young children, whose airways and lung functions are not fully developed.
Prevention and proper management are the most important goals for asthma management
in order to maintain control of symptoms, prevent exacerbation, attain normal lung
function, maintain normal level of ability to exercise and handle daily activities as well as
prevent further complications to the respiratory system.
Because the center of asthma management is at home, responsibility for asthma
management and administering the treatment regimens for infants and young children fall
only on parent caregivers in the family.
To achieve successful asthma managements for infants and young children, parent
caregivers have to learn and practice preventive skills (avoiding asthma triggers and
controlling the environment), treatment skills (assessing and monitoring asthmatic
symptoms, taking asthmatic medications correctly,evaluating treatment outcome),
promoting normal growth and development as well as seeking information about asthma.

1. Perceived social support has a direct negative effect on caregiver burden, direct
positive effect on asthma management abilities, as well as indirect influences on
asthma management abilities through caregiver burden.
2. Family hardiness has a direct negative effect on caregiver burden, direct positive
effect on asthma management abilities as well as indirect influences on asthma
management abilities through caregiver burden.
3. Quality of professional care has a direct negative effect on caregiver burden,
direct positive effect on asthma management abilities, as well as indirect
influences on asthma management abilities through caregiver burden.
4. Caregiver burden has a direct negative effect on asthma management abilities.
5. Perceived social support and family hardiness, family hardiness and quality of
professional care are positive correlated with each other.
II. Analisis Hasil Penelitian
Methods :
The target populations in this study were parent caregivers of the pre-school asthmatic
children. The samples were both mothers and fathers who were primary caregivers of the
asthmatic children aged less than 6 years who came to visit the Chest and Allergy clinic
at three hospitals within Bangkok metropolitan area and had experiences in asthma
management at least 3 months.

Instrument :
Instrumentations
The instruments used in this study consisted of:
The Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ)
to measure provision of supports: information, emotion, and tangible support that
caregivers got from: 1) family members; 2) siblings and relatives;3) friends, co-workers,
and neighbors; and 4) other providers in the community.
Family Hardiness Index (FHI)
to measure the characteristics of hardiness: Commitment, challenge, and control as a
stress resistance and adaptation resources within family.
The Care of My Child with Asthma Scale. A
to measure the extent of time and amount of effort or difficulty associated with the care
of a child with asthma.
The Caregivers Perceptions of the Quality
to measure the parent caregivers subjective perception about the characteristic of care
that they have got from health care providers in four components:1) responsive-ness, 2)
individualization, 3) coordination, and 4)proficiency.
The Asthma Management Abilities Scale.
to measure parent caregivers abilities in 4 categories: 1) prevention of asthma attack, 2)
treatment and care when an attack occurs, 3) promote normal growth and development of
the asthmatic child, and 4) seeking information and accepting asthma.

As results, family hardiness and quality of professional care had significantly moderate
direct positive effect on asthma management abilities while caregiver burden had a
moderate direct negative effect on asthma management abilities.

But personal factors (socio-economic status, education level, and experience in providing
care) that parentcaregivers had at moderate level; the affection, obligation, and linkage
between parent caregivers and children motivated parent caregivers to take good care of
their children The results also indicated that quality of care provided by health care
professional and hardiness within family were two other important factors that could
directly affect parent caregivers management abilities.
III. Masukan Terhadap Jurnal

Lack of this journal

This journal said that economic factor can give effect in management, but
couldnt give example solution to personal who have economic problem.

This jornal didnt give explain how to manage this problem.

How to account the result data there werent give formula so that reader
dont know where that result from.

Orems theory of dependent care, which was a grand theory and this study
was a cross-sectional design so it might not good enough to capture the
evolving of independent variables that could influence dependent variables
as reflected in this study that the whole model could explain only 2% in
caregiver burden.

Kelebihan

This research directly with indicator questions to know more about factor
and parent caregivers ability

This journal can easy apply to Indonesia for nurse who have to good
therapeutic communication.

This research have based theory in nursing Orem Theory, good

correlation between hypothesis and result.

Can give suggestion to nurse and other medic how to give right education
and supportive between mother and father.

Explain factor why parent didnt get good information It may be because
information and advices from health care providers are more technical in
nature and from limit of time in each visit so they are not holistic enough
to decrease burdens from giving care, which are known as time consuming
and difficult to manage.

IV. Merumuskan Aplikasi Hasil Penelitian Pada Pelayanan Kesehatan di Indonesia

Perawat menerapkan komunikasi terapeutik untuk pemberian edukasi terhadap
keluarga.
Perawat sebagai kolaborator juga berkolaborasi dengan tenaga medis lainnya seperti
dokter dalam pemberian pengobatan.
Perawat dapat memberikan support sistem dalam keluarga dalam hal bagaimana
membagi tugas antara ayah dan ibu dalam keluarga agar dapat merawat anaknya.
Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan teori keperawatan lainnya mungkin dan
pengaruhnya terhadap proses perawatan asma di rumah.