CLASSIFICATION TEST FOR

AMINES

AMINES

R1 NH

NH2

R2
R3
R1 N
R2

PROPERTIES OF AMINES
urine-like odor
Polar
Basic

HINSBERG TEST
differentiating test for 10, 20 and 30 amines
Reagent: benzenesulfonyl chloride/NaOH
Cl
O
S
O

Soluble ppt

White ppt

Amine

10 or 20 Amine

benzenesulfonylchloride

No ppt

10 Amine

+NaOH (aq)

Insoluble ppt

20 Amine

30 Amine

SYNTHESIS OF ASPIRIN AND

METHYL SALICILATE

ASPIRIN

Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA)

Analgesic
Antipyretic
Slightly soluble in water

O
OH
O
O

CH3

SYNTHESIS OF ASPIRIN

O
OH
OH

H3C

OH

H2SO4

CH3
O

CH3

H2O

SYNTHESIS OF MEHYL SALICYLATE

O
OH

OH

+ H3C

OH

H2SO4

OH
O
CH3

H2O

FERRIC CHLORIDE TEST

Complexation rxn of Fe3+
Fe3+ forms a complex with aspirin

STARCH TEST
Role of starch in pharmaceutical preparation:
Excipient: diluent or binder

Reagent: I2
Formation of iodo-starch complex: bluishblack suspension

SYNTHESIS OF SOAP AND

DETERGENT

DEFINITION OF TERMS
Soap sodium salt of fatty acid
Fatty acid long chain carboxylic acid
Detergent sodium salt of long HC chain of
thioester

AMPHIPATIC NATURE OF SOAPS AND

DETERGENTS

SYNTHESIS OF SOAP

+ NaOH

+ H2O

SYNTHESIS OF DETERGENT

NaCl

BASIS OF
COMPARISON
Structure
Activity in distilled
water
Activity in Hard
Water
Test for Glycerol

SOAP

DETERGENT

Na+ salt of fatty acid Na+ salt of thioester

Formation of suds

Formation of suds

Minimal to no suds No effect suds

Formation of scums formation
Burnt fat odor
No burnt fat odor

TEST FOR GLYCEROL

(ACROLEIN TEST)
Dehydration reaction

KHSO4

+ 2H2O

THANK YOU!