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ABSTRACT
Conventional wireline logging has always faced the challenge
of obtaining data in highly deviated wells, horizontal wells and
those with bad hole conditions. Typical solutions included
pumping down tools through open end drillpipe, drillpipe
conveyed wireline logging, coiled tubing conveyed wireline
logging or ultimately Logging-While-Drilling.
These
operations are time consuming and costly.
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SPE 93130
LOGGING STRING
The tools have an outside diameter of 2, and are qualified
for hole sizes up to 12 (16 in the case of resistivity
measurements). They were introduced initially for wireline
operations where the combination of small size and low
weight have operational advantages relative to previous
generation tools. Battery systems and memory modules were
introduced later that eliminate the wireline and surface
wireline unit, and which allow the tools to be deployed on, for
example, third party slicklines, as well as in novel applications
such as Through Bit Logging. (3) The compact nature of the
logging system makes it suitable for two-person operation.
Primary measurements are: array induction, dual laterolog,
shallow high resolution resistivity, formation density with
photoelectric (Pe) and caliper curves, natural gamma ray,
neutron porosity and acoustic slowness (inverse velocity).
Ancillary measurements include two-arm caliper, navigation
and temperature. A repeat formation pressure tester currently
available in wireline mode is being developed for wireless
operations. Dipole sonic (to determine shear velocities) and a
resistivity imaging tool are under development. Tools are
rated for continuous operation to 257F and 12.5 kpsi.
LOGGING PROCEDURE
Pre-job calibration and checking of the individual logging
tools matches wireline operations except that a
communications umbilical is used in place of a wireline.
These procedures do not interrupt normal rig operations. The
tools are then configured into a logging string, including
battery and memory modules, with ancillary positioning
equipment, such as swivels and knuckles, as appropriate.
The logging process starts after the well has been drilled and
the bit has been tripped back to surface. A shuttle reamer or
mule shoe is held in the slips. Sufficient drillpipe to contain
the logging string is lifted and made up to the landing sub
before run into the hole and then held in the slips. The lower
latching sub is then torqued-up to the drillpipe.
At this point the complete logging string is introduced into the
pipe, and the battery pack activated. This starts a sequence of
internal diagnostic tests that check the proper functioning of
the logging string as a whole. LED displays on the side of the
memory sub allow the test sequence to the monitored. Upon
successful completion of the tests all the logging tolls are
powered down.
The upper latching sub is now made up to the lower latching
sub. Finally the float valve is added, and the shuttle is
complete. A crossover to the remaining drill string is added as
required.
The shuttle assembly is now run to bottom to tag TD. This is
done at normal bit-tripping speed. The well can be circulated
and drillpipe rotated and reciprocated at any time during this
part of the operation. If a well control situation occurs the
pipe rams can be closed completely to remove cuttings and
condition the hole before logging takes place.
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SPE 93130
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SPE 93130
services from its original LWD provider but has chosen to use
the shuttle system to replace the formation evaluation element
of the LWD service. This choice was based upon reduced
total cost of well evaluation and improved data quality.
CONCLUSIONS
Shuttle conveyed openhole memory logging is a well tested
system for obtaining high quality well evaluation data reliably
and safely in high angle wells and wells with bad hole
conditions.
The system currently replaces Quad-Combo PCL logging,
providing greater reliability as a result of not requiring a
wireline, wet connect or side-entry sub. Greater levels of tool
protection allow faster tripping speeds this being significant
where multiple latch PCLs are required. Mud circulation and
pipe rotation is possible during pipe trips allowing well
conditioning trips to be made concurrent with logging
operations. The imminent commercialization of the repeat
pressure tester and conclusion of the development of a dipole
sonic and resistivity imager will complete the services
available.
In comparison to formation evaluation using LWD the shuttle
offers high quality, continuous, FE data and, where rig rates
allow, reduced total well evaluation costs. This may be
particularly evident on o/s platforms and land locations.
REFERENCES
1.
Elkington PAS, Spencer MC & Spratt DL, An
Openhole Memory Logging System for High
Angle Wells and Bad Hole Conditions, paper
SPE
87403,
Reservoir
Evaluation
&
Engineering, vol 7, no 1, pp 33-39, February
2004.
2.
Runia J, Murphy E, Boyes JS, Sutherland G, Sim
D & Brown P, Through Bore Drilling Systems:
A New Drilling Option, paper SPE 79794
presented at the SPE/IADC Drilling Conference,
Amsterdam, 19th 21st February 2003.
3.
Runia J, Boyes JS & Elkington PAS, Through
Bit Logging: A New Method to Acquire Log
Data and a First Step on the Road to Through
Bore Drilling, presented at the SPWLA Annual
Symposium, Noordwijk, 6th 9th June 2004.
4.
Spencer MC, Ash SC & Elkington PAS,
Pressure Activated Deployment of Openhole
Memory Logging Tools into Directional Wells
and Past Bad Hole Conditions, paper SPE
88635 presented at SPE APOGCE, 18th 21st
October 2004.
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