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1. Depends on availability of good supply of high quality basic and prebasic seeds for certified seed production. Main source of pre-basic and
basic seed material in Ethiopia are from Federal and Regional Research
centres and Universities and also the Ethiopian Seed Enterprise(ESE)
2. Due to weather risks: Seed production drops during drought same as
that of the Crop production. This can be met by cultivation in irrigated
land, but there is a shortage of Irrigated land availability in Ethiopia.
Hence this is a challenging factor for the Public and Private sectors
3. Price Issues makes it difficult for the farmers to adopt these seeds.
4. Absence of retirement period for the crops released
Certifies the seed for distribution and issue license for seed production,
Import & Export, retailing, etc.
26 firms are licensed to produce seeds (only 8 firms are active and are
a contractor to ESE)
33 firms are licensed to Retail
4 firms are licensed to Export seeds
NGOs involved:
World Vision
CARE
Catholic Relief Service
Formal
Informal
1. Formal System:
Original source of Improved seeds
ESE is the main Supplier of the Improved seeds
Only Tef and Horticultural crops are done
Major actors are: Natural Agricultural Research System (NARS), MoARD,
and ESE
Private Seed Company: Pioneer
NARS is involved in the varietal development and supply of initial seeds
ESE, RSE- Mass production of improved seeds
MoARD- variety release, multiplication, certification and distribution of seeds
in the country
2. Informal System:
system
Also balances the public and private sector involvement
Supports seed sector development by identifying and characterizing a
range of seed systems and work within it according to the seed value
chain
AIM: To promote market orientation and entrepreneurship and faster
the emergence of a diversity of international, national and local seed
capacities
Focus area of engagement for good entrepreneurs
Need to consider social responsibility and accountability for effective
seed entrepreneurship
and
types(MoARD 2010)
ESE has been able to produce only 111 different seeds of just 26
al,2008)
Total area covered by improved seeds in 2009/10 is 364,154 ha. In the
same season, the higher amount of improved seeds used was that of
Maize- 5720 tons in 210,000 ha and Wheat- 4690 tons in 38,000 ha
Seed Legislation:
to
obtain
competence
assurance
certificate
from
MoARD/BoARD, register their fields for inspection and give proof of the
ESE:
Operates a Central Seed Testing Laboratory at the headquarters
5 mini laboratories attached to seed processing plants and storage
facilities located in different regions
RSEs and private seed growers use these labs
Seed Import/Export
Include private traders, private producers, and public enterprises (ESE, HDE,
NGOs, research institutes, universities, etc.)
EACI- Funds Training of African Crop Breeders (Masters & PhD levels)
FIAAC- Funds the development and release of crop varieties
SEPA- Helps African Seed Companies produce seeds
ADP- Trains new Agro-Dealers
PUBLIC SECTOR
BREEDING
SUPPORT-ACADEMIC
TRAINING
AND
PLANT
Varieties released
Varieties commercialized
1,088
ENTERPRISES
AND
VILLAGE
PARTNERSHIPS
AGRA is catalyst for African Growth
PASS projections of 250,000 MT of high quality seeds by 2015 will require
collaboration on the
ground (technical,
financial, policy)
USAID