BIOSTATISTIC PRACTICAL SESSION 4 ASSSIGNMENT

Khaerani Arista Dewi

12/328497/KU/14885
Group 5
Faculty of Medicine International Program 2012
3.
Case Processing Summary
Cases
Valid

N
RACE. * Low Birth
Weight

189

Missing

Perce
nt
100.0
%

Total

Perce
nt

N
0

Perce
nt

.0%

189

100.0
%

RACE. * Low Birth Weight Crosstabulation

Low Birth Weight
BWT>250
0g
RAC

othe

E.

rs

blac

Count

BWT<=2
500g

Total

115

48

163

Expected Count

112.1

50.9

163.0

% within RACE.

70.6%

29.4%

100.0
%

15

11

26

Expected Count

17.9

8.1

26.0

% within RACE.

57.7%

42.3%

100.0
%

130

59

189

Expected Count

130.0

59.0

189.0

% within RACE.

68.8%

31.2%

100.0
%

Count

Total

Count

Risk difference : we can see that black women have low birth weight baby than other
races.
Risk difference

= risk for black women risk for others

= 0.423 0.294
= 0.129

Relative Risk (RR) : we will see RR of the black women to have low birth weight
baby compared with the other races.
Risk Estimate
95% Confidence
Interval
Value

Lower

Upper

Odds Ratio for race. (black /

others)

.569

.244

1.329

For cohort Low Birth Weight =

BWT>2500g

.818

.580

1.153

For cohort Low Birth Weight =

BWT<=2500g

1.437

.865

2.387

N of Valid Cases

189

From the table above, we can see that the RR of black women to have low birth
weight baby compared to other races women is 1.437. It means that the risk of
having low birth weight baby will
be 1.437 times higher for black

women.

Since RR>1, so black race women will

Chi-Square Tests

Value
Pearson ChiSquare

1.727

Asymp.
Sig. (2sided)

df
1

.189

Continuity
Correction

1.180

.277

Likelihood Ratio

1.653

.199

Fisher's Exact Test

Linear-by-Linear

Exact Sig.
(2-sided)

.254
1.718

.190

Exact Sig.
(1-sided)

.139

Association
N of Valid Cases

189

a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count
is 8.12.
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table
increase the risk of having low birth weight baby.
Then we look at the CI is 0.865 to 2.387, so there is 1 (one) between them. Then we
can say that there is no significant difference for the risk of having low birth weight
baby from black race
women and other races.

After we did Chi-Square Tests, we can see from the table above in continuity
correction row, that the significance is 0.277 (more than 0.05). It means that there
is no significant difference for the risk of having low birth weight baby between the
black women and other races.

We didnt use the Fitcher`s test because there is no cell that has expected count
less than 5.

4. Now, a non-inference task: Determine the age cutoff for age of mothers which
increases risk of low birth weight. Use a method of your choice, and explain how
your method works.

The new cut off based on the histogram that increased low birth weight is at 20 years old.
Research Question : Is there any association between the history of hypertension
of the mother with the occurance of low birth weight baby?

Case Processing Summary

Cases
Valid

N
History of
Hypertension * Low
Birth Weight

189

Missing
Perce
nt
100.0
%

Total

Perce
nt

N
0

.0%

N
189

Perce
nt
100.0
%

History of Hypertension * Low Birth Weight Crosstabulation

Low Birth Weight
BWT>25
00g
History of

No

Count

BWT<=25
00g

Total

125

52

177

121.7

55.3

177.0

70.6%

29.4%

100.0
%

12

8.3

3.7

12.0

41.7%

58.3%

100.0
%

130

59

189

130.0

59.0

189.0

68.8%

31.2%

100.0
%

Hypertension
Expected Count
% within History of
Hypertension
Yes

Count
Expected Count
% within History of
Hypertension

Total

Count
Expected Count
% within History of
Hypertension
Chi-Square Tests

Value
Pearson ChiSquare

4.388

Asymp.
Sig. (2sided)

df
1

.036

Continuity
Correction

3.143

.076

Likelihood Ratio

4.022

.045

Fisher's Exact Test

Exact Sig.
(2-sided)

Exact Sig.
(1-sided)

.052

Linear-by-Linear
Association

4.365

N of Valid Cases

189

.037

a. 1 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected
count is 3.75.
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table

.042

Risk Estimate
95% Confidence
Interval
Value

Lower

Upper

Odds Ratio for

History of
Hypertension (No /
Yes)

3.365

1.021

11.088

For cohort Low

Birth Weight =
BWT>2500g

1.695

.862

3.333

For cohort Low

Birth Weight =
BWT<=2500g

.504

.296

.856

N of Valid Cases

189

The Relative Risk (RR) of mother without history of hypertension to have low birth
weight baby compared to mother with history of hypertension is 0.504. Or in the other
word we can say that the
Relative Risk of mother with history of hypertension to have low birth weight baby

compared to mother without history of hypertension is 1/0.504 = 1.984.

It means that the risk of having low birth weight baby will be 1.984 times higher

for mother with history of HT compared to mother without history of HT.

So, history of hypertension will increase the risk of low birth weight baby
because the RR > 1.
Take a look at the CI, the CI is 0.296 to 0.856. Since 1 (one) is not in the interval of
95% CI, it is significantly different.

Fisher`s exact test was choosen because there is one expected value that is 3.75
(less than 5). The Chi-Squared test cannot be performed if 20% of the expected
values is less than 5.
We can see from fishers exact value is 0.052 then it is >0.05, then we conclude that
we accept H0.
H0 = There is no association between the history of hypertension of the mother with
the occurance of low birth weight baby.