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Setting up of an Experiment

to Test Vertical Axis WaterTurbines


Linda Guittet Mil Kusulja Thierry Maitre

Vertical Axis Water Turbine


Davis concept (Blue Energy, Canada)
-Airfoiled straight blades
-Structures to direct the flow
on the turbine
-Tests on several turbines in
the 1980s
-Turbine unit : 250 kW
-Projects : four-kilometer long
tidal fence in the San
Bernardino Strait in the
Philippines, 1100 MW
20th of October 2004

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

Vertical Axis Water Turbine


Kobold concept (Ponte di Archimede S.p.A, Italy )
-Airfoiled straight blades
-Balancing mass as pitch
angle regulator
-Floating platform in Messina
Strait, Italy: 20 kW,
Efficiency: 23 %
-Diameter : 6 m
-Blade span : 5 m
-Chord : 0.4 m
-3 blades
20th of October 2004

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

Vertical Axis Water Turbine


Gorlov concept (GKC Technology, USA)
-Airfoiled twisted blades
-Farm : array of turbine lines
-Many tests done in the 1990s
in laboratories and natural sites
Tests in Cape Cod
Canal :
0.6 m diameter
Flow speed : up
to 2.2 m/s
Efficiency : 35%
20th of October 2004

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

Vertical Axis Water Turbine


LEGI concept Achard turbine
Airfoiled blades
Wing shaped blades : use of
aeronautic technology
Winglets : limit induced drag
Streamlined arms : reduce losses

20th of October 2004

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

Vertical Axis Water Turbine


LEGI concept Achard turbine

Turbine line

Hydrolienne
Bride

Axe

Tronon

Turbine unit

Flotteur

Farm

Lest ou
Ancrage

20th of October 2004

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

HARVEST Project
Hydrolienne Axe de Rotation Vertical Stabilis
Stabilized Vertical Axis Water Turbine

Aims :
Solve the potential technological problems
(hydraulical, mechanical, electrical) for a
complete farm
Optimize Achard turbine and farm structure
Consider linked questions : environmental
impacts, laws, setting up and
maintenance,

20th of October 2004

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

HARVEST Project

Mechanical researches :
Anchoring
Single water turbine
Turbine line

Numerical and Exprimental

3S

Numerical and Exprimental

LDMS

Numerical

3S and LDMS

Hydraulical researches :
Potential sites
Turbines :
Single water turbine
Complete

20th of October 2004

farm analysis

Numerical

LEGI
Numerical and Exprimental
Numerical

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

LEGI Experiment
Hydrodynamic tunnel
- Flow speed : 0 to 2.85
m/s (0 to 500 l/s)
- Pressure : Pv to 2 bars

Measurements

20th of October 2004

Torque
Rotating speed
Forces
Pressure, flow speed...

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

LEGI Experiment
Section : 250 * 700 mm

Manufacturer :
Collet-Amblard,
Grenoble
20th of October 2004

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

10

LEGI Experiment
Turbine performances :
average values
R? /V8 : Tip speed
ratio
Nc/R : Solidity
C
P
=
CP =
Power
Pmax theory 16 * 1 V 3S
coefficient
27 2

Drag
coefficient

CD =

D
2
0.5V S
I. Paraschivoiu, 2002

20th of October 2004

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

11

LEGI Experiment
Turbine performances :
dynamical features
Instability
Dynamic stall
Right/ left asymmetry
Difficulty of calculation

M.T. Brahimi, I.Paraschivoiu, 1995

20th of October 2004

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

12

LEGI Experiment
Lenght and diameter : 175 mm
Chord : 30 mm
Darrieus

Gorlov

Achard

Manufacturer : SERAS, CNRS Grenoble


20th of October 2004

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

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LEGI Experiment
Experiment interests :
Tests on different
turbine types
Performances
Instability
Forces

20th of October 2004

Technologies
comparison
Results to study
fatigue of blades
and axes
Anchoring
calculations

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

14

Setting up of an experiment to test


vertical axis water-turbines

Thank you for your attention


Your questions

Schmas Annexes
=0

CD

r
Vr

CN

U
CT

r
U

r
R

Forces on a
blade
Profi l

CL

r
r
r
U = Vr + R

20th of October 2004

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

16

Schmas Annexes

Drawing
concerning
the Kobold
turbine

20th of October 2004

Setting up of an experiment to test vertical axis water turbine

17

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