Rekha Parashar et al.

/ International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

Perfoorman
nce An
nalysiis of Doubly
D
y Fed
d
Inductioon Geenerattor Ba
ased Wind
W
turbiine
un
nder Faulty
F
y and
d RLC
C Load
d Con
ndition
ns
1. Rekha Parasshar
M.tech Student Electrical Deptt
D University Lucknow
BBD
21 Pateel Nagar Exteension- A,
sector-99, Indira Nagarr Lucknow
rekhaaprasharg@gm
mail.com

22. Shashikan
nt
Senior Leecturer Electriical Deptt.
BBD U
University Lu
ucknow
Plot No. 132
2
Chhhota Lakhanp
pur
Kanppur Nagar 20
08024
Shashhikant52@gmaail.com
AbstraactThis p
paper presentts the performance of Dooubly Fed Ind
duction Geneerator based wind turbin
ne system
during d
different types of grid faullt. The doublyy fed inductio
on generator (DFIG) baseed wind turbiine (WT)
system p
provides betteer power deliivery toward
ds the demand
d. The design
n and responnse of the DFIIG based
wind turrbine system
m during diffferent fault cconditions, va
arious load conditions
c
annd integrated
d system
consistin
ng of DFIG based
b
WT sy
ystem have been verified using MATLAB/ Simuulink. The simulation
results arre shown witth the model of
o DFIG baseed wind energ
gy generation
n system.
Keyworddsdoubly fedd induction geenerator (DFIG
G), wind turbiine, power sysstem fault, RL
LC Load.
1.

INTROD
DUCTION

Due to limited resourcces for generation through tthermal energ

gy and the env
vironmental prroblems becau
use of the
thermal eenergy generation, the world is running toowards the ren
newable energ
gy. Wind enerrgy is one of the
t fastest
growing renewable ennergy sourcess all over the world. .With
h the increasing penetratioon of wind po
ower into
e
storagee devices wil l be required to dynamicallly match the intermittency
y of wind
electric ppower grids, energy
energy. A novel two-layer constant power contrrol scheme is used for a wind farm equiipped with DF
FIG wind
turbines [1]. A high penetration of
o wind poweer requires reeliable wind energy generration. A feed
d-forward
s
for rottor side conveerter (RSC) of a DFIG is uused to enhancce its low
transient current contrrol (FFTCC) scheme
L
capabillity [2]. An aadvanced conttrol strategy for
f rotor and ggrid side conv
verters of
voltage rride through LVRT
DFIG baased wind turbbines is used to enhance thhe LVRT cap
pability accord
ding to grid cconnection req
quirement
[3]. Fig ((1) shows a gllobal wind power cumulativve capacity daata up to 2014
4.

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Rekha Parashar et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

Fig (1) Global w

wind power cumu
ulative capacity

Wind turrbine can alsoo be classified into two tyypes on the basis
b
of their speed of rotaation: Fixed-sspeed and
variable speed wind tuurbines.Fixed speed wind tuurbines rotatee at almost a constant
c
speedd, which is deetermined
by the geear ratio, the grid
g frequency
y and the num
mber of poles of
o the generattor. Variable sspeed wind tu
urbine can
achieve maximum ennergy converssion efficiencyy over a wid
de range of wind
w
speeds. Variable speeed wind
y, reduced
turbines are more advaantageous duee to its high eenergy conversion efficiency, improved ppower quality
mechaniccal stresses.

INDUCTION
GENERATOR

WIN
ND TURBINE
GEN
NERATORS

DOUBLY FED
F
INDUCTIO
ON
GENERAT
TOR
SQUIRREL CAGE
C
INDUCTIO
ON
GENERAT
TOR
WOUND RO
OTOR
GENERAT
TOR

SYNCHRONUS
GENERAOR

PERMANE
ENT
MAGNET
GENERAT
TOR

Fig (2) Classificcation of commonnly used electric generators in larg

ge wind turbines

Out of thhese electric generators, DFIG

D
is more preferable because in DF
FIG technologgy, it is the ability
a
for
power ellectronic convverters to gen
nerate or absoorb reactive power
p
, thus eliminating tthe need for installing
capacitorr banks as in thhe case of SC
CIG.
2. WIND
D TURBINE
Wind turrbines producce electricity by using the power of thee wind to driive an electriccal generator. A wind
turbine eextracts kineticc energy from
m the swept arrea of the blad
des. The poweer contained iin the wind is given by
the kinetiic energy of thhe flowing airr mass per uniit time.
Pair = 0..5 1AV (1)
Where
wer contained
d in wind (in w
watts) , is th
he air density
y (1.225 kg/m3
m3 at 15C an
nd normal
is the pow
pressure)), A is the sw
wept area in (ssquare meter)), and
is the
t wind velo
ocity without rrotor interfereence, i.e.,
ideally att infinite distaance from the rotor
r
(in meteer per second).
Althoughh the equationn (1) gives the power availaable in the win
nd, the power transferred too the wind turrbine rotor
is reduced by the poweer coefficient, C
Cp = Pw
wind turbine / Pair(2)
P
Pwind tuurbine= 0.5 CpAV
C
(3)
Maximum
m value of Cp is defined by the Betz limiit, which states that a turbin
ne can never exxtract more th
han 59.3%
of the pow
wer from an air
a stream. In reality,
r
wind tturbine rotors have maximu
um Cp values in the range 25-45%.
2
3.

DOUBLY FE
ED INDUCTION GENER
RATOR

The doubbly fed inducction generato

or (DFIG)winnd energy sysstem is widely accepted inn todays win
nd energy
industry. The DFIG is essentially a wound rotor induction gen
nerator in whicch the rotor ciircuit can be controlled
c
by externnal devices too achieve varriable speed ooperation. A typical
t
block diagram of tthe DFIG win
nd energy
system iss shown in figg .(3). The stator of the gennerator is conn
nected to the grid
g through a transformerr, whereas
the rotor connection too the grid is done
d
through power converrters , harmon
nic filters, andd the transform
mer . The
power raating for the DFIG
D
is normaally in the rannge of a few hundred
h
kilowatts to severall megawatts. The
T stator
of the geenerator deliveers power from
m the wind tuurbine to the grid
g and, thereefore the poweer flow is unid
diretional.
r
circuit iss bi-direction
nal , dependin
ng on the opeerating condittions. The
Howeverr, the power flow in the rotor
power caan be delivereed from the ro
otor to the griid and vice veersa through rotor
r
side conv
nverter (RSCs)) and grid
side convverters (GSCss) . with variaable speed opperation, a DF
FIG wind enerrgy system caan harvest mo
ore energy
from the wind than a fixed speed
d WECS of thhe same capaccity when the wind speed iis beow its rated value.
a also lowerr, leading to im
mproved overaall efficiecy. IIn addition , sy
ystem can
The power losses in thhe converters are
provide lleading or laggging reactive power to thee grid withot additional
a
dev
vices . These ffeatures have made the
DFIG wiind energy sysstem one of th
he preferred chhoices in the wind
w
energy market.
m

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Rekha Parashar et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

Fig (3) simp

plified block diaggram for DFIG wiind energy conve
ersion system

4. MAT
TLAB SIMUL
LINK MODE
EL OF DFIG BASED WIN
ND TURBINE
E SYSTEM
A 9 MW
W wind farm coonsisting of six
x 1.5 MW winnd turbines co
onnected to a 25
2 kV distribuution system exports
power to a 120 kV gridd through a 30
0 km, 25 kV ffeeder.

Fig. (4) Matlab

M
Simulink M
Model of DFIG Based
B
Wind Turbiine System

Results:-4.1

Reactive powerr waveform

4.2

Active power waveform

w

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Rekha Parashar et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

4.3

Current wavveform Iabc_B57

75(pu)

Iabc_B25 ((Pu)

4.4

Voltage wavefoorm Vabc_B575((pu)

Vabc_B25 (Pu)

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Rekha Parashar et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

5.MATL
LAB SIMULIINK MODEL
L OF DFIG W
WITH APPLIIED FAULT ANALYSIS

Fig(5) Matlab
M
simulink model of DFIG with
w applied faultt analysis

Results:-5.1 Line to groun

nd fault

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Rekha Parashar et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

5.2 Doub
ble line to groound fault

5.3 line tto line fault

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Rekha Parashar et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

6. SIMU
ULINK MODE
EL OF DFIG
G WITH PAR
RALLEL RLC LOAD

Results:--

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Rekha Parashar et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

7. SIMU
ULINK MOD
DEL OF DFIG
G WITH FAU
ULTY AND LOAD
L
COND
DITIONS

Results:--

8. CONC
CLUSION
High pennetration of Wind
W
Turbiness imposes signnificant challeenges to the safe
s
operationn of power systems. To
ensure thhe security of electricity sup
pply with subbstantial wind power, the Wind
W
Turbiness must ride thrrough and
even conntribute to suppport the grid
d operation unnder the faultty conditions.A
A short introdduction, preseenting the
basic winnd turbine toppologies and control
c
strateggies, was follo
owed by the sttate of the art of wind turbiines, from
an electriical point of view.
v
Power electronic devvices are used
d to provide wind
w
power innstallations with
w power

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Rekha Parashar et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

system control capabilities and to improve their effect on power system stability.The steady-state equivalent
circuit for the DFIG was introduced and essential behaviour of DFIG under grid faults and without grid faults
along with RLC load was analysed in this paper. All this work has been done with the help of the simulation
program using MATLAB and its inbuilt components provided in Simulink library.
REFERENCES
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]

Liyan Qu, Wei Qiao, Constant Power Control of DFIG Wind Turbines with Super capacitor Energy Storage, IEEE Transactions on
Industry Applications, Vol.47, No.1, January/February 2011.
Jiaqi Liang, Wei Qiao, Ronald G. Harley, Feed-Forward Transient Current Control for Low-Voltage Ride- Through Enhancement of
DFIG Wind Turbines, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol.25, No.3, September 2010.
Lihui Yang, Zhao Xu, Jacob Ostergaard, Zhao Yang Dong, Kit Po Wong, Advanced Control Strategy Of DFIG Wind Turbines for
Power System Fault Ride Through, IEEE Transactions On Power System, Vol.27, No.2, May 2012.
Shuhui Li, Timothy A. Haskew, Keith A. Williams, Richard P. Swatloski, Control of DFIG Wind Turbine with Direct-Current Vector
Control Configuration, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, Vol.3, No.1, January 2012.
S. Muller, M. Deicke, and R.W. De Doncker, Doubly Fed Induction Generator Systems For Wind Turbines, IEEE Industry
Applications Magazine, Vol.8, No.3, 26-33, 2002.

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