INTRODUCTION

Metal and alloy is common material that have been used for a long
time on many type of application such as building construction, oil and
gas exploration and etc. because of their mechanical characteristics.
Metal and alloy basically have very poor corrosion resistance when its
exposed to oxygen, moisture and humidity. The metal and alloy need to
be protect by other elements to make it resist mostly in saline
environment. The already well known method to protect the metal and
alloy from corrode which is by coating paint the surface of the materials,
this method is works very well but it need to be done from time to time
because the paint will eroded from time to time. This will make the cost
even higher than using other type of material which have more corrosion
resistance ability.
The other method is using galvanic solution method where we
applied a layer of other elements such as zinc to the surface of metal or
alloy to make it resist to corrosion, but same like paint method, it will cost
more from time to time because we need to apply the elements multiple
time when the elements start eroded.
The new advance method to prevent the metal and alloy from
corrode is using corrosion inhibitor. This method is more efficient than
other method. The only problem with this method is the solution that we
use in the corrosion inhibitor is dangerous and very toxic, to solve this
problem, researcher has found many green compound solution which is
safer, economic, inexpensive and the most important thing is this green
compound solution can easily be found around us. In this assignment I will
discuss about the method and the finding that researchers have been
done in order to produce the green compound solution for using with the
corrosion inhibitor.

JOURNAL 1
Title
: Inhibition of mild steel corrosion in acidic medium using
coconut coir dust
extracted from water and methanol as solvents.
Researchers : S.A. Umoren *, I.B. Obot, A.U. Israel, P.O. Asuquo, M.M.
Solomon, U.M.
Eduok, A.P. Udoh.
University
: Materials and Corrosion Protection Research Laboratory,
Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.
Date of publication : 25 December 2013.

METHOD DISCUSSION
This research is about to use the extract of coconut coir dust as a
compound solution for the corrosion inhibitor and the mild steel was used
as a sample material. The tested was done by using chemical and
electrochemical techniques. The researcher was found that the extracts
inhibited the acid induced corrosion of mild steel. The inhibition efficiency
increased with increase in extracts concentration but decreased with
increase in temperature. From this research we can see that plant
products exhibit excellent inhibitive effect for acid-induced corrosion of
mild steel in acidic media. This compound solution are suitable to use at
the condition where the temperature is low because when at high
temperature the concentration of the extracts decrease so the corrosion
rate will be less. They found that methanol extracts with water as
attractive solvent is more suitable to use as a compound solution for the
corrosion inhibitor because it can withstand high temperature compared
to the extract of coconut coir dust alone.
The electrochemical test has been done for this research with the
sample of the mild steel as the electrode. They performs the experiments
with the same condition where the temperature value maintain same for
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each experiments. They change the value of the current depending on the
condition to evaluate the electrochemical parameters that occurs in the
experiments. In other hand, the sample will also be evaluate by using
weight loss measurements comparing the original sample weight with the
sample that has through the experiments. From the experiments that they
have done they collected the data and comparing the data between the
samples to determine the effect of the extracts to the mild steel sample.
For the conclusions we can see that the extracts of coconut coir dust can
be used as inhibitor compound solution but it cant withstand high
temperatures and also the Polarization measurements have shown that
the extract of coconut coir dust functions as a mixed-type inhibitor trading
predominantly cathodic dissolution of mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4.
JOURNAL 2
Title
: Apricot juice as green corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in
phosphoric acid.
Researchers : Aprael S. Yaro (1), Anees A. Khadom (2) , Rafal K. Wael
(1).
University
: 1) Chemical Engineering Department, College of
Engineering, University of
Baghdad, Aljadrea, Baghdad, Iraq.
2) Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering,
University of
Daiyla, Baquba, Iraq.
Date of publication : 11 December 2012

METHOD DISCUSSION
This research is about to use juice of apricot fruit as a corrosion
inhibitor compound solution. The juice is collected from fresh apricot fruit
and the sample material for this experiment is using mild steel in 1 M
H3PO4 solution which is acid solutions. The technique that was used to
determine the corrosion rate for the mild steel sample is by using weight
loss measurements. The experiments done in different temperature
values for each sample to comparing the results from the sample. In this
experiments the researcher find out that the activation parameters did not
changed with addition of inhibitor indicates that there is no change in
reaction mechanism. This analysis showed that the corrosion rate
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influenced by temperature,
interaction of them.

inhibitor

concentration

and

combined

From the data that they collected based on the experiments, we can
see that the values for the inhibitor efficiency is varies depending on what
temperatures the experiments has done. The inhibitor concentration also
is one of the main factor of the change of the inhibitor efficiency. Based on
the data when the inhibitor concentration and the temperature is high, the
efficiency of the inhibitor will increase and when the inhibitor
concentration and the temperature is low the efficiency will decrease. This
show us the relation between the concentration of the inhibitor and the
temperatures change to the efficiency of the inhibitor. When the inhibitor
efficiency is increase, the corrosion rate of the mild steel will decrease and
vice versa.
For the conclusion, we can see from the experiments results data
that Apricot juice acts as a corrosion inhibitor of mild steel with maximum
inhibition efficiency of 75% at 30C and maximum level of inhibitor
concentration. Statistical analysis shows that corrosion rate influenced by
temperature, inhibitor concentration and the combined effect of them.

JOURNAL 3
Title
: l Citrulline: An active corrosion inhibitor component of
watermelon rind extract
for mild steel in HCl medium.
Researchers : Nurudeen
ZuhairM.Gasema(1),

A.

Odewunmia(1),

SaviourA.Umorena(1),

Saheed.A.Ganiyub(2), Qamaruddin Muhammad(2).

University
: 1) Center of Research Excellence in Corrosion, Research
Institute, King Fahd
University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261 Dhahran,
SaudiArabia.
2) Center of Research , Research Institute, King Fahd
University of Petroleum
and Minerals, 31261 Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Date of publication : 13 January 2015.

METHOD DISCUSSION
In this research, the researcher was use l-citrulline(CTL) combined
with aqueous rind extract (RE) from watermelon as the biomaterial
solutions for corrosion inhibitor and the sample of metal that they use is
same like the other two journal which is mild steel. The corrosive medium
they use in this experiment is 1M HCI solution distilled with water. The
method that they use to find out the corrosion behaviour for the sample is
using few method which is electrochemical (electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy(EIS), potentiodynamic polarization(PDP)) and weight loss
techniques at 25C and 60C. Results obtained show that both CTL and RE
inhibited acid-induced corrosion of mild steel. Inhibition efficiency
increased with increase in concentration of the inhibitor solution.
Meanwhile, Inhibition efficiency was also observed to decrease with
increase in solution temperature. The researcher found out that the CTL
was responsible for half of the overall inhibition efficiency of RE.
Polarization studies indicate that both l-citrulline and RE function as
mixed-type corrosion inhibitors.
First the experiment was done using electrochemical measurements
with different kind of electrode and mild steel is the sample electrode. The
temperature also changed from one sample to another sample to compare
and determine the corrosion rate that occurs on the surface of the sample.
The weight loss measurement also being use to find out what is the
amount of weight that loss occurs in the experiments and the results was
compared with the other experiment samples.
For the conclusions they found out that the RE is the better choice
for corrosion inhibitor compared to pure l-citrulline.
CONCLUSION
For the conclusion, we can see that there are many type of plants
can act as biomaterial for the corrosion inhibitor to replace the dangerous
and toxic solution that we use now. There are few pros and cons when
using green plants as the corrosion inhibitor as example, the efficiency of
the corrosion inhibitor will reach the maximum only when the temperature
is correct and also the concentration of the green solution is enough.
When the temperature is high the concentration of the green solution will
decrease and the efficiency of the corrosion inhibitor also will decrease.
This mostly happen to the green solution when they are not mixed with
anything else to make it more resist to the temperature changes.

In order to keep our environment safe, healthy and also to saving

the money from the corrosion damage, the research about using green
plants as a corrosion inhibitor solution keep growing from year to year to
find out what is the best solution that they can find that match the already
known solutions that we use today. It maybe will take a few year before
the right solutions will appear but the waiting is worth because we can
save our environment and health better than before without sacrifice
anything.

REFERENCES
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrosion_inhibitor
2.http://www.aftonchemical.com/Solutions/IndusAdd/Metalworking_Fluid/P
ages/Corrosion_Inhibitors.aspx
3. http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Chemical+Inhibitors
4. http://www.tis-gdv.de/tis_e/verpack/korrosio/schutz/schutz.htm
5. http://www.hindawi.com/journals/cje/2013/784186/
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APPENDIX