docking unit I

This transition, transit compartment between

the missile and launcher. The birth of this
transitional structure in the total composition
rocket "Energy" is due to several factors, one of
which - the need to create conditions for the
assembly shop detachable connections of
hydraulic and pneumatic lines and electrical
circuits. Direct analogues of such structures in
rocketry enough. For example, combat missiles
of SS-18 and SS-24, placed in transport-launch
containers in its structure are discontinuous and
plug connections of rocket start, collected in an
industrial environment at the stage of final
assembly. Straight joints with a starting
launcher carried out in the open, a rough
version, which allows you to be paired at the
start of weather conditions - wind, rain, snow
and dust. These joints have the necessary
protection and design elements that provide a
guaranteed reliable connections, integrity and
purity of line.
Homepage-docking unit serves as a power
bottom base plate, which is attached to the first
stage unit packet, and in conjunction with the
main circuit of the central block forms a onepiece construction, provides transportation of
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missiles in the transport-erector and install it in

a vertical position at the start. The unit performs
a safety device that prevents the launch vehicle
from the direct effects and the impact of the
return streams running rocket propulsion
engines at the start of the media. Overall
Homepage-docking unit, the function is part of
the ground complex. The unit is designed for
repeated use to conduct an appropriate volume
of repair and maintenance work after each
start.
Besides Homepage-docking unit as
intermediate devices in the upper belt ties with
rocket launch system used adapter navigation
system and filling-farm drainage mast, which
are mounted on board the missile and the
central unit at the start of the team are
detached, remaining within the launch facility.

The power unit body construction consists of

six compartments stacked together by bolts.
Each section is a welded construction of sheet
steel AK-25.
Poster-process unit (block layout I)
After undocking elektroplaty lower part
attributable to the unit, under the action of the
pusher is pulled into the mast, fixed at the same
time opens up, moved to the lower position, the
mechanism of withdrawal of the mast. The mast
tilts torsion mechanism 300 with respect to its
initial position and the stopper spring grips the
support bracket. Cover elektroplaty relieved
when the board neutral position by springs and
covers electrical connectors. This, tilted away
from the rocket, with a closed position
elektroplatoy mast takes power, thermal and
acoustic effects of the gas stream running
rocket engines.
At the command "touch lift" lower part of the
board plug connections of the central unit,
which remains on the launch, docking unit,
under the force of four pushers attracted to the
column and falls on its upper end. To mitigate
the impact in the places where they established
contact spring shock absorbers and PTFE
sleeve. Cover column is closed by the rod
spring. Rasstoporenie locking mechanism
cover in the open position produced a lever
mechanism, one arm of which rests on the
cone of the central rocket unit and discharged
as it moves into the early start.
Cover closing locations plug connections
due to the side of missiles, closed with a spring
drive after the start of the rocket, excluding
collision caps with side blocks. Small Caps
before starting are upright, freely based on the
lateral surface of the tail section of blocks,
moving the rocket slide on the guide pads tail
section and released, the spring force and the
stopper mechanism snaps shut. Larger cap in
its initial position horizontally mounted on the
rocker arm. When the rocket arm slips off the
tail section of the side rocket unit and triggers a
closure cap. Caps which are in an inclined
position, based on the lateral surface of the
roller and closed after when the roller rolls to
the side surface of the side rocket unit.

The original version of Homepage-docking unit

I
The original version of Homepage-connection
block "I". Note the units of the system
maintenance pH at the initial stage of its
movement. If further work on the unit "I" of
using the system refused to support that led to
the lowering of the rocket in the first launch May
15, 1987.
Homepage-docking unit - I unit - simple,
rectangular shape in terms of the outer contour,
with dimensions of 20.25 m by 11.5 m and a
height of a flat portion of the housing of 1.2 m.
Weight finally subassembly 150 m. On the
upper surface of the block column mounted unit
I pneumohydraulic relations with the board of
the central unit missiles and flip 300 at the start
of the mast cable connections to board the
rocket. The internal configuration of openings
and windows of the unit corresponds to the
contour of the cross section of the aft part of the
rocket with the formation of a power capes
bearing blocks of the first stage. Inner contours
determined by the size nozzle engines with a
view to ensuring non-impact output at the start
of the rocket nozzle. On the outer perimeter
secured a number of power-rigging elements:
pins, brackets and spherical support.
The housing unit is a power base. On the
upper surface of the unit in places of
demountable connections are located covers
closing docking stations and elements from the
effects of a hot flow of the main engines running
at startup. Lower plane accommodates a
docking device pneumohydraulic and electrical
systems on the launch pad.

-docking unit rocket "Energy":

In the process of assembling a rocket and
starting-block connection fixed cover all
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technological devices in a position that does not

prevent the assembly. After assembly the lid are
reset.
The outer surface of the starter housing-unit
connection is protected from the force and
thermal effects of the gas streams running the
main engines panel thermal barrier coating. The
panels are made of heat-resistant and heatresistant composite material ZSP - CFRP
based on silica glass. The panels are fixed to
the body with bolts, the heads of which are
closed thermal protection caps made of
pressed material AG-4V. To eliminate blowjoints between the panels performed their
labyrinth and filled with sealant "Viksint." On the
surface of the column pneumohydraulic
systems and heat-shielding panel mast is
placed on the sub-layer of a material TIM-4 for
the purpose of thermal insulation systems
under long-term temperature conditions daily
and seasonal fluctuations. Protruding elements
such as brackets, supports and pins are closed
tselnopressovannymi heat-shielding caps
removed when hoisting work with blocks and
missiles.
Since the kickoff-docking unit performs the
function of communication with the rocket
launch facilities, the system to be placed in the
block are essentially transit. The main ones are:
the system of filling and draining the fuel
components, circulation system, temperature
control, level control, compressed gases
charging system, the system of control of
pressure, venting and inerting environment
compartments missiles, ensuring temperature
in the compartments, fire and explosion
prevention system and steering gear .
Ventilation systems, ensuring temperature and
fire and explosion prevention are not only
transit, but also perform the same functions
with regard to the start-docking unit. The
system of post-combustion emission of
unreacted hydrogen rocket system undocking
links - front-docking unit is a closed system as a
part of this unit. Reburning of unreacted
hydrogen emissions during start-up and
shutdown of oxygen-hydrogen propulsion
engines of the central unit.
In order to create fire and explosion-proof
environment inside the body cavity sealed unit
is divided by partitions into compartments
"oxygen" and "kerosene". Hydrogen Highway
routed separately through a column
pneumohydraulic systems. Educated
compartments are ventilated through the
collectors and their volumes creates a

protective inert gas - nitrogen.

Pneumohydraulic Transit system located in
the block include the usual elements for them:
lines, knots connections, electro-pneumatic
valves, pyro valve, check valves, valves and
other pylevlagozaschitnye varieties, filters and
interconnect components due to the rocket and
launch launcher.
By the start-docking unit served hydrogen,
oxygen, kerosene, helium, nitrogen gas, freon,
oil for steering drives, compressed air. The unit
installed in 1123 the pipeline with a total length
of about 12 km. Pipelines are made primarily of
steel EP810-VD (about 790 titles), 12X18H10T
(318), and the remaining 15 - steel DI52-VD.
Pipelines for cryogenic components - hydrogen
and oxygen - insulated polyurethane foam
spraying type "Ripor." As bellows expansion
joints movements applied, sharniroobraznye,
loop design. Fittings, valves, actuated by a
command from the control system, that is in
electrical communication and a certain
probability of emission of gases enclosed in
pnevmoschity in which force creates a constant
inert environment.
Plug connection of hydraulic and pneumatic
connections Homepage-docking unit with a
launcher located on the column
pneumohydraulic systems on the outer wall of
the column, a vertical wall of the housing unit
under the column and the lower edge of the
housing. Joining these compounds produced by
means of a starting complex after the
installation launcher to launcher.
Plug connection pneumohydraulic relations
with side blocks launcher located on top of the
Homepage, the docking unit and concentrated
in sets under each block of the first stage. With
the central rocket unit pneumatichydraulic
communication systems, including hydrogen, is
carried through the column pneumatichydraulic
systems.
Plug connection connections interconnect
pneumohydraulic mainly undocks portsionerami
force team "contact recovery" and only some of
them - the course of a rocket.
The so-called decoupling "progress" is
essentially a rocket undocking the fluid
connection of the moving force at the start of
the rocket. Such releasable connections may
be designed as a complete valve assembly,
which is normally arranged sealing the junction
with a calibrated spring force - such a
separation joint occurs without compromising
the integrity of the valve. Or the compound can
be in the form of a valve device, which
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tightness is achieved not only seal gaskets and

solid one-piece construction compound. In that
case, a weak section in which force when
moving the rocket this design breaks when
driving course missile. The weak link is
sometimes made of less resistant materials,
including plastics.
The peculiarity and attractiveness of such a
releasable connection is its reliability and
timeliness of undocking. Reliability due to
simplicity of design. In this circuit, with proper
design it, - the minimum number of elements
involved in the work, including no need to
depend on the reliability of the operation
command. Timeliness of separation - a quality
which makes it possible to be sure that the pipe
is not broken during the failed rocket motion.
Undocking line occurs only when started an
irreversible process - movement, and only at
the beginning of the movement. In fact, if you
sever ties before lifting when the failed missile
launch remains of fluid management. In this
case, there is a dangerous situation is
unplanned.
It would, no doubt - needed only
communication undocks course of a rocket. So
dividing joints are made of virtually all combat
missiles. However, given that the number of
connections is large enough spread and
asymmetry, the force on the undocking
progress rocket takes significant level,
especially when placing the bonds on the
periphery of the cross section of the rocket - a
problem of stability of the rocket. For large
perturbations of the control system can not
cope with the stabilization of the rocket and to
give, at best, off-nominal mode of flight, if not
an accident.
Undocking pneumohydraulic and electrical
connections on the team before the start of the
movement creates almost ideal conditions for
the beginning of a missile. However, this
scheme requires a very high degree of
processing and system design excellence
division. The design of the rocket "Energy" was
the vast majority of detachable joints, undocks
team. Part of the connectors in the basic control
pressure undocks course of a rocket. This
design decision was not unanimous. A staunch
opponent of the scheme was adopted
VPBarmin. Already in 1982 at the Council of
Chief Designers, he demanded to revise the
scheme. It was established a group of experts
tasked to re-evaluate the correctness of the
decision. Group entrusted me to lead - a
supporter of the gap connectors swing. But the

state of development of the project and the

prevailing situation at the time made it
impossible to radically alter the design. The
Group has reported (in case of disagreement
designers ground-based) that the scheme
should be retained in the form in which it was
designed. I supported the opinion of the group
and we have directed our attention to the
careful development of the division.
But before starting May 15, 1987 battle was
between academics and VPBarmin Glushko,
who filmed their guarantees on the reliability of
the launch, exposing once again criticized the
system. The Commission adopted the General
Designer VP Glushko. Barmin addressed me as
Chief Designer, which, he said, has sufficient
experience in the development of military
missiles, to cancel the launch and alter the
design. It was unreal. Knowing him, I still could
not support it. But the system itself has shown.
At the second start-up, 29 October 1988 not
undock hinged sighting unit. This site lurked just
a mistake.
To control pyro aid of valves and other
devices located in block number of devices
which are included in the housing to create a
temperature control and a neutral medium. To
measure the temperature and pressure of the
gas medium inside the applied temperature
sensors such as TP and gauge pressure
transmitters type DD.
Electrical connection Homepage-docking
unit through discontinuous elektroplaty. Each
side rocket unit has about 1,500
telecommunication circuits, central - 2000. On
the side blocks are used explosive type
connectors PC-50, the central unit - such as 9P.
Contact launcher carried three elektroplaty
placed on the underside of the starting-anddocking unit. Each board has eighteen type
connectors "Bhutan", allows automatic docking
of the carrier rocket through the starting block
with a launcher.
The power connection is carried out with a
missile unit in sixteen points - four on each side
of the unit. Each power unit has two
pnevmozamka, axial loads, and two guide pins
- for transverse loads. To ensure the
compensation of errors in the assembly and
manufacture of rocket units nodes have the
ability to adjust the axial direction up to fifty
millimeters in the transverse and angular
directions - within two degrees. Replacing
pneumatic locks provided through a special
hatch and does not cause difficulties.
Opening and closing pnevmozamkov
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conducted by a control air pressure up to two

hundred atmospheres. When the pressure
pnevmozamok retains its original position open or closed. The resource allows reuse of
castles. In preparing the rocket for launch team
made the disclosure after refueling propellants -

in advance of irreversible processes to increase

the reliability of operation of the locks on the
opening provided by the duplication of their
discovery using the Unified pyrotechnic device.