1.

The basic theological differences between Creation Accounts of:

a) Genesis 1: God speaks everything into existence; he
creates man for no purpose. God is all-powerful and
distant. He turns chaos into order.
b) Genesis 2: God puts his hands into making man and is
more in contact. God creates man to watch over Eden
(Adam is the caretaker). God has more human qualities
and is more intimate with his creation.
c) Mesopotamian Enuma Elish: Creation is out of violent
warfare and death; man is created to serve the gods (they
are slaves to the gods). The gods capricious and violent.
The genre of all the accounts is myth.
2. The basic theological difference in the Flood Accounts:
a) Genesis 5-11: God saw the wickedness of mankind so he
sent the flood.
b) Mesopotamian Epic of Gilgamesh: The gods send the flood
to wipe out humans because theyre noisy and bother the
gods.
Genesis: myth
Gilgamesh: epic myth
3. An etiology is a story that explains something through the story.
For examples, Genesis helps to explain through stories how the
world was created, why there is pain in childbirth, why there are
foreign language, etc.
4. Abraham is the father of the three major monotheistic religions,
with whom God makes a covenant in Genesis 12.
5. The Merneptah Stele is the earliest extra-biblical reference to the
people of Israel.
6. Significant numbers that are seen over and over in the biblical
text are 3, 7, 12, and 40.
7. 12 tribes make up the people of Israel.
8. Jacob, the grandson of Abraham is the eponymous
ancestor/patriarch/father of the 12 tribes. His name gets
changed to Israel.
9. God first reveals his name as Yahweh to Moses at the burning
bush on Mt. Horan.
10.
The basis for Yahwehs deliverance of the Israelite tribes
from slavery in Egypt in Exodus 15 is because of Yahwehs
covenant with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.
11.
The central theme/main story of the Israelites that is
referred to over and over throughout the Bible is the deliverance
from slavery in Exodus. This story is the basis for the renewed
covenant between Yahweh and the Israelites. Yahweh brought
the Jews out of the land of Egypt because of the covenant with
Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, then renews the covenant with the

descendants after the 10 commandments. The Jewish holiday to

commemorate this event is Passover.
12.
The deliverance from slavery in Exodus is written as a
Legend (some historical aspects).
13.
The Code of Hammurabi is a Mesopotamian law code that
contains similar laws to the book of Exodus.
14.
There is no difference between civil and religious law in the
ancient Near East.
15.
The two types of laws that are contained in the Hebrew
Bible law codes are Apodictic and Casuistic. The Apodictic is
absolute law, Thou shalt not do X. Casuistic is a case law, if X
happens, then Y will not happen (X=offense/crime,
Y=punishment).
16.
A theophany is the appearance of the divine or a coming of
god. The typical signs are usually earthquakes, fire, wind and
thunder.
17.
The 6 major parts of an ancient Near Eastern suzerain
(lord, powerful party) and vassal (inferior party) treaty:
1. Preamble: states relationship between god and Israelites
2. Historical Prologue: states history of relationship, why they
formed this relationship, ex. For Israel = previous covenants
and exodus.
3. Basic Covenant Laws of the treaty
4. Additional Laws, maybe more minor laws
5. Witnesses to the relationship
6. Blessings and Curses for how the relationship is followed
(found in Deuteronomy.
18.
The two major texts referencing hold war and genocide
are Joshua 6 & 10 (biblical) and Meshe Steele (extra biblical).
Both were told that they received divine instruction to wage war.
However, because both accounts say this, it is possible God did
not tell them to kill but that waged their own wars and just gave
God credit for their victory.
19.
The first king of Israel is Saul in 10th century BC.
20.
The most famous king of Israel who is promised an external
dynasty is King David.
21.
The first temple of Yahweh is built by Solomon in
Jerusalem.
22.
Under Rehoboams reign, the kingdom of Israel divides.
23.
The northern kingdom is the Kingdom of Israel or the
Kingdom of Samaria, the capital is Samaria and it is associated to
10 tribes.
24.
The Southern kingdom is Judah, the capital is Jerusalem,
and it is associated to 2 tribes.

25.
The Assyrians sack the northern kingdom and lead its
people into exiles in 720 BC.
26.
The Lost Ten Tribes is a term used to identify these tribes
after they are taken into exile.
27.
The Babylonians sack the southern temple and burn down
the temples citys walls and leads its elites to exile. This happens
in 587 BC.
28.
The theological message present in the books of 1-2 Kings
and the prophets is retribution theology. The two major reasons
given for the fall of the nation of Israel are infidelity to god and
social injustice to neighbors.
29.
Retribution theology is when you do good things, good
things will happen to you and when you do bad things, bad
things will happen to you.
30.
The Meshe Steele is an extra-biblical inscription that also
contains Retribution Theology.
31.
Job is the biblical book that argues that righteous people
also suffer and provides explanation for suffering that is an
alternative to Retribution Theology.
32.
NOT ON FINAL
33.
**check phone**
34.
Trace the Development of Monotheism in the Hebrew
Bible:
a. Genesis 6:1-4: Polytheistic society where sons of gods having
sex with
daughters of men, nepholim, and demigods as result.
Compares to Hercules.
b. Exodus 15:1-11: Song of Moses praises god for delivering them
out of
Egypt, basis for henotheism. Yahweh out of all others is one
who delivers,
best.
c. Deuteronomy 32:8-9: The head of the pantheon is Elyon who
divides
nations according to junior gods. The bene haelohim are
the sons of the gods. Jacob (Israel) is allotted to Yahweh. Yahweh is
patron god of Israel, he
gets Jacob, very henotheistic.
d. Job 1-2: The bene haelohim are also found in this text. Talks of
sons of
gods, very henotheistic
e. Isaiah 44:9-20; 45:20-25: The theological development taken
place by the
time these verses are written is. Monotheism. It has
arisen through rejection
of idols. There are parodies making fun of
them.
In Genesis 6, polytheistic society where sons of gods are having sex
with daughters of humans and results in nephilims, this compares to
Hercules in greek mythology. Exodus 15, henotheism, who is like
Yahweh among the gods, know the language that prompts this. Says
Yahweh is the best one out of all the other gods. Deuteronomy, Elion is
at head of pantheon, Yahweh gets Jacob. Assignment of Yahweh as
patron god of Israel. Isaiah, monotheism has arisen, rejection of idols

35.
In Genesis 3, evil is personified as the serpent. The
serpent is never actually called the devil. In 2 Samuel 24:1-2 the
anger of Yahweh incites David to take the census and in 1
Chronicles 21:1-2, Satan incites David to take the census. In Job
1-2, the hasatan figure is the accuser. His role is to go around
and test loyalty. Zechariah is the same as Job. Mt. Zaphon is Mt.
Olympus which is the home of the gods. Head of the pantheon
Elyon. Nero was the one referred to.
36.
The Book of Enoch is an intertestamental book refers to a
revellion of the angels in heaven. This book is reinterpreted in
Genesis 6:1-4.
37.
Role of evil and Satan; serpents = evil. In Luke 10, there is
a rebellion in heaven. In Mark 1, Luke 4, Matthew 4: temptation
by Satan. In James, temptation is said to not have come from
God. In Revelation, the devil is discussed as a serpent; devil =
beast, dragon, serpent, etc.
38.
Sheol is the Hebrew underworld. A place of darkness
where everyone goes.
39.
1 Corinthians 15 is the earliest biblical text that refers to
resurrection of the dead.
40.
The second temple of Yahweh is built in 516 BCE. Under
Cyrus patronage the temple is built and the exiles are returned
from Babylon (the Persian empire), because of this, he is referred
to as______Meshiah _
41.
The term Messiah (Christos) means anointed by God. The
Messiahs historical role as portrayed in the Hebrew Bible is to
deliver from foreign oppression. Jesus flips this term on its head
in the New Testament gospels because he comes to deliver from
enslavement to sin and oppression. ***
42.
Positive: In Genesis 2, Woman are the helper/partner of
man, proverbs 31, women praised for being a capable wife, in
Judges, Deborah is giving military orders and is seen as a
prophetess (speaking for God). Negative: Genesis 3 fall of man
due to woman causes pain in childbirth. IN Deuteronomy, women
are property in the commandments, in first timothy 2, woman
cannot communicate with god.
43.
The majority of the Hebrew Bible is written in Hebrew.
44.
The lingua franca of the ancient Near Eastern world after
the Assyrian Empire takes over is Greek, the language of the
books of Ezra and Nehmiah and Daniel. This is the language that
would have been commonly spoken through the New Testament
period.
45.
The lingua franca of the ancient Near Eastern world after
Alexander the Great takes over is Greek, which is the language in
which the New Testament was written.

46.
The Maccabees overthrow the Greek Empire in Judah and
cleanses and rededicates the temple in 164 BCE. The Jewish
holiday Hanukkah commemorates this event.
47.
Julius Caesar is the general that leads the Roman Empire to
take over Judah in c.60 BCE.
48.
The name of the puppet king that Rome places on the
throne of Judea is Herod the Great.
49.
The pax Romana is the peace of Rome, it was a long
period of peace and minimal expansion by military force.
50.
Gospel means good news and announce. This term is used
in Greco-Roman culture to announce a emperor coming to town,
a victory on battlefield or when an emperor was born. The writers
of the New Testament use gospel genre to announce birth, life,
message of Jesus
51.
Repent means to change your whole way of thinking,
reorientation.
52.
Jesus in Mark is the messiah. He is prophetic. Mark says
that Jesus is the Apocalyptic revealer: gods agent for renewal.
53.
In Matthew, Jesus is a prophet, authoritative teacher.
54.
Jesus is portrayed in Luke as a prophetic liberator filled
with gods spirit.
55.
Jesus in John is portrayed as a divine figure.
56.
1. Love the lord and 2. Love the neighbor as yourself, the
two points Jesus summarizes the law.
57.
The two major reasons given for the fall of the nation of
Israel are infidelity to god and social injustice to neighbors
therefore, this goes against Jesus law.
58.
Paul says all things are lawful but not expedient, all things
are not good for me, I can go what I want but I will not be
enslaved to them because they are not good for me. Jesus says
rules dont connect with god, the spirit does therefore Paul
relates to this by explaining that he can break the law but not be
enslaved to it because the spirit is what connects you to god.
59.
Jesus has 12 main apostles.
60.
Paul considered himself an apostle by special revelation
on the road to Damasacus.
61.
The three major ways Paul carries out his ministry through
travel and visitation, writing letters and sends co-workers.
62.
The term apocalypse means the end of the world, to
reveal, revelation.
63.
The situation in which the genre of apocalyptic is often
employed is oppression. Apocalyptic brings hope.
64.
Characteristic of Apocalypse:

Characteristics:
1. Dualistic Worldview
2. Seer, Prophet, Angelic Messenger
3. Vision, Dream
4. Angels/Demons
5. Beasts - Animal Imagery, Mystical Creatures
6. Elements/Natural Disaster/Astrological Elements
7. Agent/Messiah/other worldly figure
8. Symbols
9. Eschatological end times
10. Good guys always win though start on bottom
11. Numbers
12. Secret and Code
65.
the abomination of desolation / the desolating sacrilege
refers to whenever the temple is desecrated, ruined or
destroyed.
66.
The number 666 represents emperor Nero.
67.
The term Babylon is reinterpreted in Revelation as Rome.
68.
To take the mark of the Beast means to become part

of oppressive culture, to participate.

69.
Three major themes found in the writings of St. Augustine
that are very influential in later Christian theology are:
Original sin Augustine traces the roots of selfishness into infancy.
Providence Augustine believes that God guided him throughout his
life even when he was unaware of it.
A strong dichotomy between the material/corporeal and the spiritual
Augustine is heavily influenced by and shares this with Neo-Platonist
philosophers.