H2 Chemistry 9647

JC1 (2014) SSP Revision

Part 1: REDOX REACTIONS

1

The propellant used in the solid rocket booster of a space shuttle is a mixture of aluminium
and compound X. Compound X contains chlorine in an oxidation state of +7. Which of the
following could be compound X?
A

NH4Cl

N2H5Cl

NH4ClO3

NH4ClO4

Disproportionation occurs when an element is both oxidised and reduced in a reaction. Which
named element does not disproportionate in the reaction shown?
Element
Carbon
Nitrogen
Sulphur
Chlorine

A
B
C
D

Reaction
H2C2O4 H2O + CO + CO2
H2O + 2NO2 HNO3 + HNO2
2FeSO4 Fe2O3 + SO2 + SO3
3ClO- ClO3- + 2Cl-

In an experiment, 25.0 cm3 of a 0.10 mol dm-3 solution metallic salt reacted exactly with 12.5
cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 aqueous sodium sulphite. The half equation for the oxidation of the
sulphite ion is shown below.
SO32- (aq) + H2O (l) SO42- (aq) + 2H+ (aq) + 2eIf the original oxidation number of the metal in the salt was 3, what would be the new oxidation
number of the metal?
A 0
B 1
C
2
D
4

25.0 cm3 of a solution of M2O5 of concentration 0.100 mol dm-3 is reduced by sulphur dioxide to
a lower oxidation state. To reoxidise M to its original oxidation number required 50.0 cm 3 of
0.0200 mol dm-3 potassium manganate (VII) solution. To what oxidation number was M
reduced by sulphur dioxide?
A

+2

+3

+4

+5

The Winkler method is used to determine the amount of dissolved oxygen in a sample. In this
procedure, oxygen reacts with Mn2+ under alkaline conditions to produce a precipitate of
MnO(OH)2.
2Mn2+ (aq) + O2 (aq) + 4OH (aq) 2MnO(OH)2 (s)
The precipitate is then dissolved in acid and reacted with iodide, forming iodine and Mn2+.
MnO(OH)2 (s) + 2 (aq) + 4H+ (aq) I2 (aq) + Mn2+ (aq) + 3H2O (aq)
Finally, the amount of iodine produced is determined by reaction with thiosulphate.
I2 (aq) + 2 S2O32- (aq) 2I- (aq) + S4O62- (aq)
When a sample of water was analysed using the Winkler method, a total of 0.60 mol of
thiosulphate was used in the reaction. What was the mass of oxygen present in the original
sample?
A

1
D

4.8 g

2
C

9.6 g

3
C

ACJC Chemistry Department (2014)

4
C

19.2 g

38.4 g

5
A

H2 Chemistry 9647

JC1 (2014) SSP Revision

Section B: Structured Questions (15 marks)

1

Balance the following equations, using half equation method.

(a)

Cr2O72- + 6Fe2+

(acidic medium)

[2]

Cr2O72- + 14H+ + 6e 2Cr3+ + 7H2O

6Fe2+ 6Fe3+ + 6e
Overall: Cr2O72- + 14H+ + 6Fe2+ 2Cr3+ + 7H2O + 6Fe3+
(b)

Cl2 ClO -

+ Cl -

(alkaline medium)

[2]

What type of reaction in (b) is called?

[1]

Cl2 + 4OH 2ClO + 2H2O + 2e

Cl2 + 2e 2Cl
Overall: 2Cl2 + 4OH 2ClO + 2H2O + 2Cl
Disproportionation
2

25.0 cm3 of a solution containing ethanedioic acid and sodium ethanedioate required 14.75
cm3 of 0.100 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution for neutralisation and 32.00 cm3 of 0.0205
mol dm-3 KMnO4 solution for oxidation in acidic conditions at 60oC. Find the concentration of
the ethanedioic acid and the sodium ethanedioate in the solution.
[6]

Acid-base titration:
H2C2O4 (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) Na2C2O4 (aq) + 2H2O (l)
Amount of NaOH required

[]

= (0.01475)(0.100) = 1.475 10-3 mol

Amount of H2C2O4 in 25.0 cm3 = (1.475 10-3) 2 = 7.375 10-4 mol

[]

H2C2O4 (aq) = (7.375 10-4) 0.025 = 0.0295 mol dm-3

[1]

Redox Titration:
16 H+ (aq) + 5 C2O42- (aq) + 2 MnO4- (aq) 2 Mn2+ (aq) + 10 CO2(g) + 8 H2O (l)
[1]
Amount of KMnO4

= Amount of MnO4 required

= (0.032)(0.0205)
= 6.56 10-4 mol
[]

Total Amount of C2O42 in 25.0 cm3

= (6.56 10-4) x (5/2)
= 1.64 10-3 mol

[]

Amount of Na2C2O4 in 25.0 cm3

= Total Amount Amount of C2O42- from H2C2O4
= (1.64 10-3) (7.375 10-4)
= 9.025 10-4 mol
[1]
Na2C2O4(aq) = 9.025 10-4 0.025 = 0.0361 mol dm-3 [1]

ACJC Chemistry Department (2014)

H2 Chemistry 9647

JC1 (2014) SSP Revision

Part 2: ATOMIC STRUCTURE

1

Which one of the following particles has the correct number of electrons and neutrons?
particle

number of electrons

number of neutrons

10

19

Br+

34

44

18

16

19

79

D
2

2-

Which one of the following corresponds to the configuration of the three electrons of the
highest energy for one of the elements in Group III?
1s2 2s1
2s1 2p2
3p3
4s2 4p1

A
B
C
D
3

Which of the following particles will have half-filled p orbitals on losing an electron? Given that
14
16
7N and
8O.
A
B
C
D

N
N
O+
O

The proton number of an element X is 32. Which of the following shows the correct order for
the successive removals of electrons from their orbitals to form X4+ ion?
first

second

third

fourth

4s

4s

4pX

4py

4pX

4py

4s

4s

4pX

4pX

4s

4s

4py

4py

3d

3d

The first seven ionisation energies (in kJ mol1) of an element Y are as follows:

590, 1145, 4912, 6474, 8144, 10496, 12320

What is the likely electronic configuration of Y?
A
B
C
D

1
D

1s2 2s2 2p4

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2

2
D

3
B

ACJC Chemistry Department (2014)

4
B

5
D
3

H2 Chemistry 9647

JC1 (2014) SSP Revision

Section B: Structured Questions (15 marks)

1

(a)

Sketch on the diagram below, how the paths of separate beams of

protons
electrons
hydrogen atoms
are affected upon passing through an electric field.

[3]

beam
source

+
(b)

(i)

On the same diagram, draw the path of deflection for the 2H+ nucleus.

(ii)

Account for the shape of the path of deflection for the 2H+ nucleus.
m/e ratio of 2H+ = 2
m/e ratio of 1H+ = 1

or

charge / mass =
charge / mass = 1

[1]
[2]

[1]

Angle of Deflection charge / mass

Since charge / mass of 2H+ is half of that of 1H+, the angle of deflection of 2H+ is
half of that of 1H+. [1]
2

Draw the occupied orbitals found in nitrogen. Name the orbital shapes.
Note:
Shape:

[3]

1s orbital smaller than 2s and 2p orbitals.

s orbital (spherical) and p orbital (dumb-bell)

1s orbital
ACJC Chemistry Department (2014)

H2 Chemistry 9647

JC1 (2014) SSP Revision

Figure below shows the energy required to remove eight electrons, one at a time, from an
atom of element Q.

log10 (I.E.)

(a) (i) To which group in the Periodic Table does this element Q belong?

[1]

Group V
(ii) What is the electron arrangement in the outer shell of Q?
2

[1]

ns np

(iii) Why Q cannot be nitrogen? Explain.

[1]

Nitrogen : 1s2 2s2 2p3

There are only 7 electrons in a nitrogen atom. But 8 electrons were removed from Q in the
above graph.
(b) Explain why the ionisation energies increase as the electrons are removed.

[1]

The no. of protons is constant while the no. of electrons decreases. The attraction
experienced per remaining electron by the constant positive charge of the nucleus increases.
(c) Why is the energy difference between the removal of the 5 th and the 6th electrons much
larger than the energy difference between the removal of the 4 th and the 5th electrons?
[1]
The 4th and the 5th electrons are in the same outermost principal quantum shell, while the 6 th
electron is in the next inner quantum shell, hence nearer to the nucleus (stronger attraction
of the electron by the nucleus, so needs more energy to remove electron).
(d) Write the full electronic configuration of the element in Period 4 that could be the element
Q.
[1]
Group V: Arsenic
As: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p3

33

ACJC Chemistry Department (2014)