APPROVAL SHEET

Research Title :

The Effectiveness of Miming Used for Improving

Students Ability in Retelling the Descriptive Text. (Study

Name :
Students Number:
Program Study of:
High Education:

at Seventh Grade of MTs Khusnul Hotimah)

M. Agung Cahyani
4322310020013
English Department
STKIP Setia Budhi Rangkasbitung

Approved by
Advisor Committee

Advisor 1

Advisor 2

Hj. Kimtafsirah, Dra.MA

Berita M. Nehe, Dra.M.Pd

Known by,
Head of English Department

Sumtra Witjaksan, Drs, M.Si

TABLE OF CONTENT

Approval Sheet.......................................................................................... 1
Table of Content........................................................................................ 2
Chapter I - Introduction
1.1........................................................................................................Backgro
und of the Research........................................................................ 3
1.2........................................................................................................Problem
....................................................................................................... 5
1.1.1 Identification of Problem................................................... 5
1.1.2 Limitaion of Problem......................................................... 6
1.1.3 Formulation of Problem.....................................................6
1.3........................................................................................................Aim of
the Research................................................................................... 6
1.4........................................................................................................Benefits
of the research................................................................................ 7
1.5........................................................................................................Hypothe
sis...................................................................................................7
Chapter II Research Methodology
2.1........................................................................................................Nature
of Sepaking ................................................................................... 8
2.2........................................................................................................Nature
of Descriptive Text ........................................................................ 9
2.3........................................................................................................Nature
of Mime games ............................................................................. 12
Chapter III - Research Methodology
3.1. ResearchDesign.............................................................................10
3.2. Research Instrument ..................................................................... 11
3.3. Data Resource ............................................................................... 15
3.4. Technique of Data Collection ....................................................... 16
3.5. Data Analysis Technique................................................................ 16
Bibliography ............................................................................................. 18

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Research
As an International Language, English become an important language.
Each person must be learned English if he/she wants to interact with people of
other nation in the world. And also, in this globalization era, English plays an
important role as a means of communication in many fields of human life
activities, such as, commerce trading, education, and in many kinds of
hospitality industries.
In Indonesia, English is generally taught as a foreign language.
Foreign language is a language that is not used as a communication tool on
particular country where the language is taught. It is usually taught as one
subject in the school with the goal of communicating as well as master four
basic language skills (listening, speaking, reading, writing) in that language
within certain limits.
Learning English is a must for Indonesian students as it is one of the
important subjects to be learned. Because it might be useful in future
employment. Perhaps, but these days, even students who speak English very
well have difficulty finding jobs in which they can speak English. Most
people seldom have a chance to use English at work. Some employers want to
hire students with good English ability, and some employees will have
chances to work abroad and speak English.
Basically, there are four language skills that should be mastered by
students. Such as listening, speaking, reading and writing. In teaching these
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skills, it cannot be denied that many obstacles will be influenced. Those

obstacles may come from the inconvenient process of learning, the
appropriate uses of the media and method, etc.
Speaking is one of four language skills that should be mastered by
student. Speaking is one of receptive skills besides writing skill and it is the
most important skill in language competence. Speaking is considered as the
most difficult skill to be mastered among the other skills (listening, reading,
and writing). It is an active and a complex skill.Shumin (1997) says that
speaking a language is especially difficult for foreignlanguage learners
because effective oral communication requires the ability to usethe language
appropriately in social interaction. In order to be understood by otherpeople,
the learners need to have good listening comprehension, rich ofvocabulary,
good pronunciation, speak fluently and of course they need to usegrammar
correctly.
Many kinds of text that should be learned by the students, such as
Descripitive text. In condition, the students have to describe about many
things which is given by the teacher. In telling description text, students must
have enough courage and motivation to speak in front of the class.
Students are often afraid to speak in front of their friends because they
are lack of confident and lack motivation to speak. And also lack of
vocabulary. So the teacher needs appropriate methods and effective technique
to increase their motivation.
Based on my experience in PPLK in SMK MHI Warunggunung, most
of students have many problem when they were speaking in front of class.

They have less courage, less motivation and also lack of vocabulary. When the
writer asked some students to tell about descriptive text in front of the class
they felt less confident and afraid to come forward and speak in front of their
friends.
For those conditions, the writer will try to improve the students ability
in retelling descriptive text by using Miming at Seventh Grade of MTs
Khusnul Hotimah Malabar. When teaching, students sometimes feel bored
with teachers explaination. So that, the use of Miming for improving
students ability in retelling the descriptive textis a good idea. Therefore, the
writer believes that Miming or Mime Game can be used in teaching
learning process. And hopefully the students are more interested in learning
because all the elements in story can make the students are enjoyable in
speaking activity.
1.2 Problem
1.2.1 Identification of Problem
1. Students are lack of vocabulary
2. Students pronunciation is not good
3. Students often consider the teachers explanation is boring.
4. Students are lack of motivation
1.2.2

Limitation of Problem
From the identification of problems explained above acquired a lot

of dimensions of the problem. However, the writer thinks to make a clear

and focus limitation of the problem. So in this study, the writer focuses the
research on the following issue:The Effectiveness of Miming Used for

Improving Students Ability in Retelling the Descriptive Text at Seventh

Grade of MTs Khusnul Hotimah Malabar.

1.2.3

Formulation of Problem
Based on the background, limitation and identification of the

problem, the problem can be formulated as the following:

1. How can the use of Miming improve students abilityin retelling
descriptive text at Seventh Grade of MTs Khusnul Hotimah Malabar?
1.3 Aim of the Research
The objectives of this research is to find out how effective is
Miming for improving students ability in retelling Descriptive Text at
Seventh Grade of MTs Khusnul Hotimah Malabar.
1.4 Benefits of the Research
This research gives many benefits:
a. For the writer
This research as a partial fulfillment of requirement for S1 degree in
English Department of teacher training and education institute of
STKIP Setia Budhi Rangkasbitung.
b. For the teachers
This research can add the teacher knowledge in teaching English make
interesting material and can more understand about their students
problem in studying English especially reading skill.
c. For the students
The students can study with many forms in kinds study more
interesting and enjoyable.

1.5 Hypothesis

Hypothesis is prior prejudice of the research that could be achieved at the

end of the research:
This study contains to hypothesis:
Ha: The use of Miming for improving students ability in retelling the
descriptive text is effective.
H0: The use of Miming for improving students ability in retelling the
descriptive text is not effective.

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Nature Of Speaking
According to Widowson (1984) speaking is the active production
skill and use oral production. It is capability of someone to communicate
orally with others. The one who has skill in speaking can be identified from
his/her ability in using the oral language fluently, clearly and attractively. It
is also supported by Harmer (2007) who states that the ability to speak
fluently supposes not only knowledgeof language features, but also the
ability to process information and language spot.It means that a learner
isjudged having good speaking ability if s/he can speakfluently, can be
understood by other people, understand the conveyed informationand
master all the language components that include pronunciation, listening
and grammar skills.
In the light of the speaking terms above, it can be concluded that
speaking is someones activity in expressing his/her ideas in the spoken

language it is natural mean of communication to express human being

through as well as from of social behavior, emotions and feelings.
Furthermore, is an ability to interact or do dialogue with others, to
understand what someone says and to create utterances that can be
understood.
According to Kayi (2007), the goal of teaching should improve
students communicative skills. Because only in that way students can
express themselves and learn how to follow the social and cultural rules
appropriate in each communicative circumstances. Thus, students should
practice English in their daily life in order to master all of the language
components(grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation).
2.2 Nature of Descriptive Text
Stanley (1988) mentions that description presents the appearance of
things that occupy space, whether they are objects, people, buildings or
cities. In this kind of text, the students are required to list the
characteristics of something and usually deals with the physical appearance
of the described thing (Smalley et. al., 2001). In other words, a particular
person, place or thing is described in details in this composition. The
description tells the object as the way it is without being affected by the
writers personal opinion. Before telling what they have caught through
their sensory system, a mental activity is involved. They firstly identify
certain imagery or real object which is located somewhere. Through the
words, then they describe the thing they have in mind. In short, writing a

descriptive text is a way of picturing images verbally in speech or writing

and of arranging those images in some kind of logical or association
pattern (DAngelo, 1980).Meanwhile, according to Corbett (1983) that
descriptive text is one of the expository writing. The description draws a
picture, tries to convey the sound, taste, and smell of things or objects.
Tompkins (1994) and Stanley (1988) defined descriptive text as painting
pictures with words. By reading a descriptive text, readers feel that they see
the description just like they see pictures. Descriptive text has the purpose
to describe an object or a person that the writer is interested in. Thus, in
,writing a descriptive text the writers should know well what they want to
describe. They describe their ideas and thought vividly based on what they
see, hear, taste, smell, or touch. Anderson & Anderson (2003) add that
descriptive text is different from information reports because they
described a specific subject rather than general group.
In addition, Temple, et al. (1998) states. description is discourse
that help us visualize. It focuses upon the appearance or the nature of an
object. In description, we see vividly and concretely, we perceive the object
with a kind of fullness for which exposition does not strive. In Library of
Congress (2008) it is stated that we use descriptive text to describe a
person, place or thing. For example, we might want to describe what a crab
looks like, or how he moves. Be sure to include details that describe
sounds, color, smells, setting and so on.

A descriptive text is considered as the simplest and easiest writing

form compared to narrative, recount, or procedure, particularly for the
beginning writers (Ellis et. al., 1989). In addition, it allows students to
share interesting impressions of a person, a place, or an object surrounding
them (Troyka, 1987).
The purpose of writing description is to describe a person, place, or
thing in such vivid detail that the reader can easily form a precise mental
picture of what is being written about, or can feel that they are part of the
experience (KangGuru in the Classroom: Teachers Guide SMA Package,
2005). Stanley (1988) asserts that the aim of description is to convey to the
reader what something looks like. Furthermore, Johnston & Morrow (1981)
states that the purpose of descriptive text is to describe objects or persons
in which the writer is interested. Therefore, the writer should know well
what he wants to describe, starts by observing the objects carefully to take
the significant details and brings clear picture to the readers and avoid
ambiguities.
Wardiman, et. al. (2008) specify the generic structure of descriptive
text into two parts, that is 1) introduction is the part of paragraph that
introduces the character; and 2) description is the part of paragraph that
describes the character. This indicates that a descriptive text has two
elements an element to identify phenomenon (identification) and another
one (description) to portray parts, qualities, or characteristics. In terms of
significant lexico grammatical features, the text focuses on specific

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participants, contains attribute and identifying process, comprises epithets

and classifiers in nominal groups as well as uses simple present tense
(Sutardi & Sukhrian, 2004).
2.3 Nature of Mime Game
A Mime game is one of the guessing games besides guessing
pictures, and guessing sentences. Guessing game could be an effective
technique to develop and reinforce some concepts ofgrammar.The most
important function of implementing guessing games in teaching is to give
practice in communication (Richard Amato: 2003). One of the most
effective guessing games is Mime Game, where one child comes forward
after the teacher secretly gives him a word, phraseor sentence and mimes
an activity and his group or the whole class try to guess what he
reallymeans (Pinter, 2006; Doff, 2000).
In doing a mime game, learners feel very excited, imaginative,
enjoyable and communicativewhen performing their task by acting out,
describing the structure learned. A Leaner feels excitedbecause he has to
perform an activity related to the present material learned, that he knows,
buthis friends do not. He has to use his imaginative skill, because his job is
to describe an activityby acting out or miming an activity without saying a
single word to his friends in a team in a certain period of time that has been
agreed upon. Moreover, they enjoy doing acting out a role.In playing a
mime game, learners communicate with each other through acting. As it is
knownthat communication has two forms; verbal communication and nonverbal communication.Verbal communication when learners can get the

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message across using words, whereas in nonverbalcommunication, learners

can only get the message across using body language whichmeans they use
a facial expression, body movement and hand gestures. In a mime game,
alearner has to communicate non-verbally.

CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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3.1 Research Design

In conducting the research, the writer usespre experimental design,
it is important to get valid data which is related to the research: The
Effectiveness of Miming Used for Improving Students Ability in
Retelling the Descriptive Text. The writer used an experiment technique to
collect data.
Beside that in this research, the writer use one group pre test and
post test design. According to Hatch and Farhady (1982:20).

This is

similar to the one-shot case study. The pre-test is given before treatment
begins, so there are two tests. The writer takes one class as sample.
The writer design is as follow:
Pre-Test

Treatment

Post-Test

O1

O2

3.2 Research Instrument

1. Test
Test means some questions or exercises and another
instrument use to measure skills, intelligence, and ability or gift
that owned by the individual or group. The test is used to
compare the students vocabulary mastery about preposition
before conducting the research (pre-test) and after conducting the
research (post-test).

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In doing the pretest, the writer will ask the students to make a
dialogue and perform it in front of the class. The writer will give a
After the score is collected, the writer will give the treatment. After
treatment, the writer will give them post-test. The writer will give
same as the pervious test. The scoring is done by interval.

3.3 Data Resource

3.3.1 Population
The population of this research are all of students of MTs Khusnul
3.3.2

Hotimah Malabar Cibadak

Sample
In order to take the sample, the writer took one class as sample of
the experiment by using random sampling technique. It means the
writer just take 30 students from total number of population on the

seventh grade students.

3.4 The Technique of Data Collection
The procedure of the research was conducted to three steps, they are:
d. Pre-test
The pre-test for the students is carried out get their valid score,
therefore the teacher will ask student to come forward and describe
about a thing which is given by the teacher.
e. Treatment
The writer will teach students about description text by using Mime
games. And the students will be divided into some group.
f. Post-test

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The will give the same test with the pre-test and the result of pre-test
and post-test are collected and compared.
3.5 Data Analysis Technique
The writer do the following steps.
a. Determining the formula analysis the data
X 1 X 2
t=

SD
Note :
t
= t observastion
X1
= Variable X
X2
= Variable Y
SD = Standard deviation on difference between variable X and Y which
is gained with formula :
D 2(1 /n)( D)2
SD=
n1

SD = The standard deviation from mea of differences which is gained

with the formula :
SD
S D =
n

Bibliography

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[1] Anderson, M. & Anderson, K. 2003. Text Types in English 3. South Yarra:
Macmillan.
[2] Prof. Dr. Suharsimi Arikunto, Prosedur Suatu Pendekatan Praktik, Jakarta, PT.
Asdi Mahasatya, 2006
[3] Harmer, Jeremy. 2007. The Practice of English Language Teaching. Fourth
Edition. London: Edinburgh gate
[4] Harmer, Jeremy. 2007. How to Teach English.London: Edinburgh gate
[5]Richard-Amato, P.A. 2007.Making it Happen. New York: Pearson Education
[6] Smalley, R.L., Ruetten, M.K., & Kozyrev, J.R. 2001. Refining Composition
Skills: [7] Rhetoric and Grammar. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle
[7] Stanley, L. 1988. Ways to Writing. New York: Macmillan.
[8] Temple, C. Nathan, R., Burris, N. & Temple, F. 1998. The Beginning of Writing.
Massachusetts: Allyan and Bacon, Inc.
[9] Pinter, Annamaria. 2006. Teaching Young Language Learners. Oxford: Oxford
Univ. Press

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