Chng 7.

CHIEU CUA PHAN NG HOA HOC KHONG THAY

OI TRANG THAI OXY HOA TRONG DUNG DCH IEN LY
7.1 Cac ieu kien cho phan ng mot chieu
7.1 Chon phng an ung:
Hay can bang va viet phng trnh sau ay ve dang phng trnh
ion rut gon:
La2(CO3)3(r) + HCl(dd) LaCl3(dd) + CO2(k) + H2O(l)
a) La2(CO3)3 + 6H+ 2La3+ + 3CO2 + 3H2O
2
b) CO 3 + 2H+ CO2 + H2O
c) La3+ + 3Cl- LaCl3
2
d) 2La3+ + 3CO 3 + 6H+ +6Cl- 2LaCl3 + 3CO2 + 3H2O
7.2 Chon phng an ung:
Hay can bang va viet phng trnh sau ay ve dang phng trnh
ion rut gon:
H2O(l) +KCN(dd) + [Cu(NH3)4]Cl2(dd) K2[Cu(CN)3](dd) + NH3(k) + KCN(dd) +
NH4Cl(dd) + KCl(dd)
a) 2K+ + 3CN- + [Cu(NH3)4]Cl2 K2[Cu(CN)3] + 4NH3 + 2Cl
b) H2O + 3K+ + 4CN- + [Cu(NH3)4]2+ K2[Cu(CN)3] + 2NH3 + KCN + 2 NH 4
c) 2H2O + 2K+ + 2CN- + Cu2+ + 4NH3 + 4Cl- Cu+ + 4NH4Cl + 2KCN

d) H2O + 7CN- + 2[Cu(NH3)4]2+ 2[Cu(CN)3]2- + 6NH3 + CN- + 2 NH 4

7.3 Chon phng an ung:
Hang so can bang cua phan ng:
2NaH2PO4(dd) + 3Ca(CH3COO)2(dd) Ca3(PO4)2(r) + 2NaCH3COO(dd) +
4CH3COOH(dd)
c tnh theo cong thc:
K a ( H PO ) .K a ( H PO )
K a22 ( H 3PO 4 ) .K a23 ( H3PO 4 )
c) K cb
a) K cb
4
TCa ( PO ) .K CH COOH
TCa 3 ( PO 4 ) 2 .K CH
3COOH
TCa 3 ( PO 4 ) 2 .K CH 3COOH
4
TCa 3 ( PO 4 ) 2 .K CH
K cb
3COOH
d)
b) K cb 2
K a 2 ( H3PO 4 ) .K a 3 ( H 3PO 4 )
K a 2 ( H3PO 4 ) .K a23 ( H 3PO 4 )
2

4 2

7.4 Chon phng an ung:

Cho phan ng trao oi ion:
Na2[Ni(CN)4](dd) + H2S(dd) NiS(r) + 2HCN(dd) + 2NaCN(dd).
Cho hang so khong ben cua ion phc [Ni(CN)4]2- bang 1.10-31, tch
so tan cua NiS bang 1.10-19 , hang so ien li axit cua HCN bang
1.10-9,21 va cac hang so ien li axit cua H2S lan lt bang 1.10-7,2
va 1.10-14.
Hang so can bang cua phan ng tren bang:
a) 1.1014,78
b) 1.10-0,78
c) 1.100,78
d) 1.10-14,78
7.5 Chon nhan xet ung:
Cho phan ng :
AgBr(r) + NaCl (dd) = AgCl(r) + NaBr(dd)
1) Phan ng xay ra hoan toan theo chieu thuan.
2) Phan ng thuan nghch v G 0298 cua phan ng nam trong
khoang 40kJ en +40 kJ.
3) Co the coi AgBr thc te khong tan trong dung dch NaCl v ty le
[Br-]/[Cl-] khi can bang qua nho.
1

4) Phan ng ch xay ra theo chieu nghch.

Cho biet pT cua AgCl va AgBr lan lt la 9,75 va 12,28
a) 2
b) 3, 4
c) 1
d) 4
7.6 Chon phng an ung:
Cho phan ng trao oi ion:
NH4Cl(dd) + Na2S(dd) + H2O = NH4OH(dd) + NaHS(dd) +
NaCl(dd)
(Cho biet hang so ien ly th hai cua H2S KA2 = 1.10-12,89, hang so
ien ly cua NH4OH KB = 1.10-4,76 va tch so ion cua nc Kn = 1.10-14)
Hang so can bang cua phan ng tren bang:
a)
c)
1.10-3.65
1.103,65
b)
d)
1.1022,13
ap so khac
7.2 Phan ng trung hoa. Phan ng thuy phan
7.7 Chon phat bieu sai:
1) Axit yeu va baz yeu khong the cung ton tai trong mot dung
dch.
2) Phan ng trao oi ion xay ra khi tao thanh chat t ien li hoac
chat t tan.
3) Phan ng trung hoa la phan ng thu nhiet.
4) Phan ng trao oi ion thng xay ra vi toc o ln.
a) 1
b) 3
c) 1 & 3
d) 1, 3 & 4
7.8 Ba dung dch cua cung mot chat tan NaCN co nong o C1 < C2
< C3 . Dung dch co o thuy phan nho nhat la:
a) Ca ba dung dch co cung
c) Dung dch nong o C3.
o thuy phan.
d) Dung dch nong o C1.
b) Dung dch nong o C2.
7.9 Chon cau sai. o thuy phan cua mot muoi bat ky se cang
ln khi:
a) Dung dch cang loang.
b) Muoi o co hang so thuy phan cang ln.
c) Axit va baz tao thanh no cang yeu.
d) Nhiet o cang cao.
7.10 Chon phng an ung:
S thuy phan khong xay ra oi vi cac muoi tao thanh t :
a) acid yeu va baz manh
c) acid yeu va baz yeu
b) acid manh va baz yeu
d) acid manh va baz manh
7.11 Chon cau sai. o thuy phan cua mot muoi cang ln khi:
a) Dung dch cang ac.
b) Axit tao thanh no co hang so ien ly cang nho.
c) Hang so thuy phan cang ln.
d) Baz tao thanh no cang yeu.
7.12 Chon ap an ung :
4 , 75
4 , 75
3,17
9 , 21
Cho: K b ( NH 3 ) 10
, K a ( HF ) 10
, K a ( HCN ) 10
, K a ( CH 3COOH ) 10
.Trong
cac dung dch sau, dung dch nao co tnh baz:
1) Dung dch NH4F 0,1M
4) Dung dch Na3PO4 0,1M
2) Dung dch NH4CN 0,1M
5) Dung dch CH3COOH 0,1M
3) Dung dch NaOH 109 M
a) 2,3
b) 2,4
c) 2,3,4
d) 1,2,3,4,5
7.13 Chon phng an ung .
2

Xet moi trng dung dch va ion tham gia thuy phan cua cac
muoi:
1) KNO3 : moi trng trung tnh, khong co ion b thuy phan.
2) NaClO4 : moi trng baz, anion b thuy phan.
3) NH4CH3COO: moi trng trung tnh, cation va anion eu b thuy
phan.
4) Fe2(SO4)3 : moi trng trung tnh, khong co ion b thuy phan.
a) 1 , 2 & 3
b) 1 & 2
c) 3 & 4
d) 1 , 3
7.14 Chon trng hp ung:
Ngi ta tron cac dung dch axit va baz theo ung ty le trung hoa.
oi vi cac cap axit va baz nao dui ay dung dch thu c co
moi trng trung tnh hoac coi nh trung tnh
1) KOH + HClO4
3) NH3 + CH3COOH
5) NaOH + NaHCO3
2) NaOH + HF
4)NH3 + HCl
6) Ba(OH)2 + HNO3
a) 1, 3, 6
b) 1, 3, 5
c) 1, 6
d) 1, 3, 5, 6
7.15 Chon cau ung. Nhng dung dch muoi nao sau ay b thuy
phan tao moi trng baz.
1) NaCN
3) FeCl3
5) CH3COONH4
2) NH4NO3
4) (NH4)2S
4 , 76
21
4 , 75
Cho biet: KHCN = 10-9,3; K NH 4OH 10
; K H 2S 1,57 10 ; K CH 3COOH 10
a) 1,4,5
b) 2,3,5
c) 1,4
d) 1,2,5
7.16 Chon phng an ung:
Trong so cac chat di ay, cac chat han che s thuy phan cua
Cr2(SO4)3:
1) HCl
3) Na2HPO4
5) NH4Cl
2) NaHCO3
4) Na2CO3
6) Al2(SO4)3
a) 1, 2, 3, 5 & 6
c) 1, 2 & 6
b) 1, 5 & 6
d) 2, 3 &4
7.17 Chon phng an ung:
Them thuoc th nao di ay vao dung dch FeCl3 se lam tang
hoac han che s thuy phan cua muoi:
1) Na2CO3
3)NH4NO3
5)NaCl
2) HCl
4) Ca(CH3COO)2
6) BaCl2
Lam
tang:
Na
CO
;
Ca(CH
COO)
a)
2
3
3
2
Han che: NH4NO3 ; HCl
Lam tang: Na2CO3 ; Ca(CH3COO)2; BaCl2
b)
Han che: NH4NO3 ; HCl
Lam tang: Na2CO3 ; Ca(CH3COO)2
c)
Han che: NH4NO3 ; HCl ; BaCl2
Lam tang: Na2CO3
d)
Han che: NH4NO3 ; HCl ; BaCl2
7.3 Chat ch th mau
7.18 Chon phat bieu ay u nhat ve chat ch th mau:
a) La cac axit baz hu c yeu ma dang phan t va dang ion
co mau khac nhau
b) Co mau khac nhau khi thay oi moi trng t axit sang baz
(va ngc lai) trong mot pham vi nhat nh.
c) Khoang pH ma chat ch th chuyen t mau nay sang mau
khac goi la khoang chuyen mau.
3

Cac phat bieu tren eu ung.

7.19 Cho chat ch th mau phenolphthalein co pH chuyen mau t
8,2 en 10 va chuyen t khong mau sang mau hong, phat bieu
nao sau ay la ung nhat:
a) Mau dang axit cua no ton tai moi trng pH < 7.
b) Mau dang axit cua no ton tai trong moi trng pH < 8,2
c) Ch khi nao pH > 10 no mi co mau hong.
d) Mau dang baz cua no ton tai trong moi trng pH > 7.
7.20 Chon phat bieu ung:
Khi thc hien chuan o dung dch acid HCl bang dung dch NaOH
0,1M, iem cuoi cua phep chuan o (khoang chuyen mau cua
ch th methyl da cam la 3,4 4,4; khoang chuyen mau cua ch th
phenolphtalein la 8,0 10,0):
a) Nam sau iem tng ng khi dung ch th methyl da cam
b) Nam ngay iem tng ng khi dung ch th methyl da cam
c) Nam sau iem tng ng khi dung ch th phenolphtalein
d) Nam ngay iem tng ng khi dung ch th phenolphtalein
7.21 Khi cho 10 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1 M vao 10 ml dung dch CH 3COOH
0,2 M a co methyl orange th mau cua dung dch se chuyen t
mau nao sang mau nao? ( Biet CH 3COOH co pKa = 4,75 va khoang
oi mau cua methyl orange la 3,4 4,4 nh cau tren )
a) T vang cam sang o
b) T o sang cam
c) T o sang vang cam
d) Khong xac nh c .
d)

7.4 Dung dch em

7.22 Cho 4 dung dch trong nc cha:
1) HCl va NaCl
3) NH4Cl va NH3
2) CH3COOH va CH3COONa
4) CH3COOH va NH3
Trong 4 dung dch nay, nhng dung dch c s dung lam chat
em la:
a) 1, 2, 3
b) 2, 3
c) 1, 3 , 4
d) 2, 3 , 4
7.23 Chon ap an phu hp vi yeu cau. Trong so cau di
ay cau sai la:
1) Dung dch em co gia tr pH xac nh va khong thay oi khi
pha loang dung dch.
2) He em baz c tao r a t dung dch baz yeu va muoi cua
no vi mot axit yeu.
3) He em axit c tao ra t dung dch axit yeu va muoi cua
no vi mot baz manh.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 1,2,3
7.24 Cho 4 dung dch sau:
1) CH3COOH + CH3COONa pha theo ty le mol 1:1
2) CH3COOH + NaOH pha theo ty le mol 1 : 1
3) CH3COOH + NaOH pha theo ty le mol 2 : 1
4) HCl + NH3 pha theo ty le mol 1:1
Trong 4 dung dch tren, dung dch nao co the dung c lam dung
dch em?
4

1, 3 va
b) 1 va 3
d) 1
4
c) 1,2,3,4
7.25 Cho 4 dung dch sau:
1) CH3COOH + CH3COONa pha theo ty le mol 1 : 2
2) HCl + NH3 pha theo ty le mol 1 : 0.5
3) CH3COOH + NaOH pha theo ty le mol 2 : 0,1
4) CH3COOH + NaOH pha theo ty le mol 2 : 1
Trong 4 dung dch tren, dung dch nao co tnh chat em ?
a) 1, 3 va
b) 1 va 3
d) 1, 2 va
4
c) 1, 4
4
7.26 pH cua dung dch nao se hau nh khong thay oi khi pha
loang 2 lan bang nc:
1) CH3COONH4
3) NH4Cl & NH3
2) HCl & NaCl
4) CH3COONa & CH3COOH
a) 3
b) 1, 3, 4
c) 2, 3, 4
d) 2, 3
7.27 pH cua dung dch nao trong cac dung dch sau ay se hau nh
khong oi khi pha loang 2 lan bang nc cat:
1) NaCl
3) CH3COOH va NaOH
2) HCl va NH3
4) NH4Cl
a) 1
b) 2,3
c) 1,2,3
d) 1,2,3,4
a)

Chng 8: CHIEU CUA CAC PHAN NG THAY OI TRANG

THAI OXY HOA VA CAC QUA TRNH IEN HOA
8.1 Phan ng oxy hoa kh
8.1 Chon cau ung:
Trong phan ng: 3Cl2 + I- + 6OH- = 6Cl- + IO 3 + 3H2O
a) Chat oxy hoa la Cl2 , chat b oxy hoa la Ib) Chat kh la Cl2, chat oxy hoa la I-.
c) Chat b oxy hoa la Cl2, chat b kh la Id) Cl2 b kh, I- la chat oxy hoa.
8.2 Chon phng an ung:
Trong phan ng:
3K2MnO4 + 2H2SO4 = 2KMnO4 + MnO2 + 2K2SO4 +
2H2O
K2MnO4 ong vai tro:
a) Chat kh
c) Chat t oxi hoa, t kh
b) Chat oxi hoa
d) Chat tao moi trng.
8.3 Chon phng an ung:
Trong phan ng:
3K2MnO4 + 2H2SO4 = 2KMnO4 + MnO2 + 2K2SO4 + 2H2O
H2SO4 ong vai tro:
a) Chat t oxi hoa, t kh
c) Chat oxi hoa
b) Chat kh
d) Chat tao moi trng.
8.2 Can bang phan ng oxy hoa kh
8.4 Chon phng an ung:
Cho phan ng oxy hoa kh:
K2Cr2O7 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 Cr2(SO4)3 + Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + H2O
Can bang phan ng tren. Neu he so trc K2Cr2O7 la 1 th he so
ng trc H2SO4 va Fe2(SO4)3 lan lt la:
a) 7, 6
b) 5, 3
c) 7, 3
d) 4, 5
8.3 Nguyen to Ganvanic
8.5 Chon phng an ung:
S o cac pin hoat ong tren c s cac phan ng oxy hoa kh :
Sn(r) + Pb(NO3)2(dd) = Sn(NO3)2(dd) + Pb(r)
2HCl(dd) + Zn(r) = ZnCl2(dd) + H2(k) la:
a) (-) Sn Sn(NO)2 Pb(NO3)2 Pb
c) (-) Sn Sn(NO3)2 Pb(NO3)2 Pb
(+)
(+)
(-) H2(Pt) HCl ZnCl2 Zn (+)
(-) Zn ZnCl2 HCl H2(Pt) (+)
b) (-) Pb Pb(NO3)2 Sn(NO3)2 Sn
d) (-) Pb Pb(NO3)2 Sn(NO3)2 Sn
(+)
(+)
(-) H2(Pt) HCl ZnCl2 Zn (+)
(-) Zn ZnCl2 HCl H2(Pt) (+)
8.6 Chon nhan xet sai.
Cho nguyen to Ganvanic gom ien cc hidro tieu chuan (1) va ien
cc H2( p H 2 1atm , Pt) nhung vao trong dung dch HCl 0,1M (2). nhiet
o nhat nh nguyen to nay co:
a) Sc ien ong giam khi pha loang dung dch ien cc (2)
b) The ien cc cua ien cc (2) giam khi nong o cua dung dch
HCl giam
6

ien cc (1) lam ien cc dng

Qua trnh oxy hoa xay ra tren ien cc (2)
8.7 Chon ap an ung.
Cho nguyen to ganvanic tao bi ien cc (1) (gom mot thanh Ag
nhung trong dung dch AgNO3 0,001N) va ien cc (2) (gom thanh Ag
nhung trong dung dch AgNO3 0,1N). oi vi nguyen to nay co:
a) Qua trnh kh xay ra tren cc (1).
b) Cc (1) la cc dng.
c) ien cc (2) b tan ra.
d) mach ngoai electron chuyen t ien cc (1) sang ien cc (2).
8.8 Chon phng an ung:
Nguyen to Ganvanic Zn Zn2+(1M) Ag+(1M) Ag co sc ien ong
thay oi nh the nao khi tang nong o Zn2+ va Ag+ mot so lan
nh nhau. Cho biet the kh tieu chuan cua cac cap Zn2+/Zn va
Ag+/Ag lan lt bang 0,763V va 0,799V.
a) Khong oi
c) Tang len
b) Giam xuong
d) Khong xac nh c
8.9 Chon ap an sai.
Cho nguyen to ganvanic tao bi 2 ien cc hydro nhung vao dung
dch HCl 1M. ien cc (1) co ap suat hydro la 0,1atm. ien cc (2)
co ap suat hydro la 1atm. oi vi nguyen to nay co:
1) Qua trnh kh xay ra tren cc (1).
2) mach ngoai electron chuyen t ien cc (1) sang ien cc (2).
3) Cc (2) la cc am.
4) Sc ien ong cua pin 250C la 0,059V.
5) Tai ien cc (2) co kh hydro bay len.
a) 1,3,5
b) 2,4
c) 2,5
d) 1,2,4,5
8.10 Chon ap an ung. Cho nguyen to ganvanic tao bi ien
cc (1) (gom mot thanh Ag nhung trong dung dch AgNO3 0,001N) va
ien cc (2) (gom thanh Ag nhung trong dung dch AgNO3 0,1N). oi
vi nguyen to nay co:
a) Qua trnh oxy hoa xay ra tren cc (2).
b) Cc (2) la anod.
c) ien cc (1) co ket tua bac.
d) Sc ien ong cua pin 250C la E = 0,118V.
8.11 Chon phng an ung:
Pin
Sn Sn2+ 1M Pb2+ 0,46M Pb
c thiet lap 250C. Cho
0
0
biet the ien cc tieu chuan Sn 2 / Sn 0,14V ; Pb 2 / Pb 0,13V
c)
d)

1)
2)
3)
4)

Sc ien ong cua pin E = 0V

Sc ien ong cua pin E = 0,01V
mach ngoai, electron chuyen t ien cc Sn sang ien cc Pb
ien cc Pb co Pb bam vao; ien cc Sn, Sn b tan ra.
a) 2,3,4.
c) 1.
b) 3,4.
d) Tat ca eu sai.
8.12 Chon phng an ung:
Cho qua trnh ien cc: MnO 4 + 8H+ + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O
Phng trnh Nernst oi vi qua trnh a cho 250C co dang:
250C co dang:
7

a)

c)

MnO H
0.059 lg
Mn
0.059 MnO H

lg
5
Mn

b)

d)

0.059
Mn 2
lg
5
MnO 4 H

0.059 MnO H

lg
5
Mn H O

8.13 Chon phng an ung:

Cho o (Sn4+/Sn2+) = 0,15 V. Xac nh gia tr cua t le [Sn4+]/[Sn2+] e
the cua ien cc nay bang 0,169 V. Lay (2,303 RT / F) = 0,059.
a) 2,00
b) 4,41
c) 2,49
d) 3,5
8.14 Chon phng an ung: May o pH hoat ong da vao viec o
hieu ien the gia ien cc calomen bao hoa KCl: Pt, Hg Hg2Cl2 KCl
bao hoa (co the ien cc on nh = + 0,268V) va ien cc
hydro: Pt H2 1 atm H+ (dung dch can o pH). Hay tnh pH cua dung
dch 250C neu hieu ien the cua hai ien cc nay la 0,564V.
a) 5,0
b) 4,0
c) 3,0
d) 6,0
8.4 Chieu cua phan ng oxy hoa kh
8.15 Chon phng an ung:
Cho cac so lieu sau:
1) o (Ca2+/Ca) = - 2.79 V
3) o (Fe2+/Fe) = - 0.437 V
2) o (Zn2+/Zn) = - 0.764 V
4) o (Fe3+/Fe2+) = + 0.771 V
Cac chat c sap xep theo th t tnh oxy hoa tang dan nh
sau:
a) Fe3+ < Fe2+ < Zn2+ < Ca2+
c) Zn2+ < Fe3+ < Ca2+ < Fe2+
b) Ca2+ < Zn2+ < Fe2+ < Fe3+
d) Ca2+ < Zn2+ < Fe3+ < Fe2+
8.16 Chon phng an ung: Cho cac the oxy hoa kh chuan:
Fe3+ + e = Fe2+ o = +0,77V
Ti4+ + e = Ti3+
o = -0,01V
Ce4+ + e = Ce3+ o = +1,14V
Cho biet chat oxi hoa yeu nhat va chat kh yeu nhat trong so
cac ion tren (theo th t tng ng):
a) Ti4+ ;
b) Fe3+ ;
c) Ce4+ ;
d) Ce4+ ;
3+
3+
2+
Ce
Ti
Fe
Ti3+
8.17 Chon trng hp ung:
0
Tnh the kh chuan Fe3 / Fe 2 250C trong moi trng axit. Cho biet
0
the kh chuan 250C trong moi trng axit: Fe3 / Fe3O 4 0,353V va

0Fe O
3

/ Fe 2

0,980V

0,771V
b) 0,667V
c) 1,33V
d) 0,627V
2+
+
8.18 Tnh the ien cc tieu chuan cua Cu /Cu khi co mat ion I-.
0
Cho biet Cu 2 / Cu = 0,153V, TCuI = 110-11,96
a) +0,430V
b) -0,859V
c) +0,859V
d) Khong tnh c v khong biet nong o cua I
8.19 Tnh the ien cc tieu chuan cua Fe3+/Fe2+ khi co mat ion OH-.
Cho biet the ien cc tieu chuan cua Fe3+/Fe2+ bang 0,77V, tch so
tan cua Fe(OH)2 va Fe(OH)3 lan lt la: 110-15,0, 110-37,5
a) -0,279V
b) -0,558V
c) +0,558V
a)

Khong tnh c v khong biet nong o cua OH8.20 Chon phng an ung:
Mot ien cc Cu nhung vao dung dch CuSO4, the cua ien cc
nay se thay oi nh the nao khi:
1) Them Na2S (co ket tua CuS)
3) Them nc (pha loang)
2) Them NaOH (co ket tua
4) Them NaCN (tao phc
Cu(OH)2)
[Cu(CN)4]2a) Ch giam cho 3 trng hp
c) Giam cho ca 4 trng
au.
hp
b) Khong thay oi cho ca 4
d) Tang cho ca 4 trng
trng hp.
hp.
8.21 Chon phng an ung:
The cua ien cc ong thay oi nh the nao khi pha loang dung
dch muoi Cu2+ cua ien cc xuong 10 lan:
a) giam 59 mV
c) tang 59 mV
b) Tang 29,5 mV
d) giam 29,5 mV
8.22 Chon cau ung va ay u nhat:
The ien cc cua ien cc kim loai co the thay oi khi mot trong
cac yeu to sau thay oi:
1) Nong o muoi cua kim loai lam ien cc
2) nhiet
o
3) Be mat tiep xuc gia kim loai vi dung dch
4) nong o muoi la
5) ban chat dung
moi
a) 1,2,4,5
b) 1,2,3,4,5
c) 1,2
d) 3,4,5
8.23 Chon phng an ung:
oi vi ien cc hydro khi thay oi nong o H+ th tnh oxi hoa cua
ien cc thay oi. Vay khi giam nong o H+ th:
a) Tnh oxi hoa cua H+ tang
c) Tnh kh cua H2 tang do
do tang.
giam.
+
b) Tnh oxi hoa cua H tang
d) Tnh kh cua H2 tang do
do giam.
tang.
8.24 Chon ap an ung:
Cho the kh tieu chuan cua cac ban phan ng sau:
d)

0, 54 V
Fe3+ + e = Fe2+ o = 0,77 V
o
I2 + 2e = 2I
=
Phan ng: 2 Fe2+ + I2 = 2 Fe3+ + 2 I- co ac iem:
a) Eo = -1,00 V; phan ng khong the xay ra t phat ieu
kien tieu chuan.
b) Eo = 1,00 V; phan ng co the xay ra t phat ieu kien
tieu chuan.
c) Eo = 0,23 V; phan ng co the xay ra t phat ieu kien
tieu chuan.
d) Eo = -0,23 V; phan ng khong the xay ra t phat ieu kien
tieu chuan.
8.25 Chon phng an ung:
Cho hai pin co ky hieu va sc ien ong tng ng:
(-)Zn Zn2+ Pb2+ Pb(+)
E1 = 0,63V
9

(-)Pb Pb2+Cu2+ Cu(+) E2 = 0,47V

Vay sc ien ong cua pin (-)Zn Zn2+Cu2+ Cu(+) se la:
a) 1,1V
b) 1,1V
c) 1,16V
d) 0,16V
8.26 Chon phng an ung:
Cac phan ng nao di ay co the xay ra ieu kien tieu
chuan:
1) 2MnCl2(dd) + 2Cl2(k) + 8H2O = 2HMnO4(dd) + 14HCl(dd)
2) K2Cr2O7(dd) + 14HCl(dd) = 3Cl2(k) + 2CrCl3(dd) + 2KCl(dd) + 7H2O
3) MnO2(r) + 4HCl(dd) = MnCl2(dd) + Cl2(k) + 2H2O
Cho cac the kh tieu chuan:
MnO 4 + 8H+ + 5e- = Mn2+ + 4H2O
0 = 1,51 V
Cl2(k) + 2e- = 2Cl0 = 1,359 V
2
Cr2 O 7 + 14H+ + 6e- = 2Cr3+ + 7H2O 0 = 1,33 V
MnO2(r) + 4H+ + 2e- = Mn2+ + 2H2O
0 = 1,23 V
a) 2, 3
b) 2
c) 1, 2, 3
d) khong co phan ng nao xay ra c
8.27 Chon ap an ay u nhat.
The kh tieu chuan cua cac cap Br2/2Br- , Fe3+/Fe2+ , Cu2+/Cu,
MnO4-/Mn2+ , Sn4+/Sn2+ lan lt bang 1,07V ; 0,77v; 0,34V ; 1,52V ; 0,15V.
ieu kien tieu chuan, Brom co the oxy hoa c:
a)
Fe2+ len Fe3+
b)
Fe2+ len Fe3+ va Sn2+ len Sn4+
c)
Fe2+ len Fe3+ , Sn2+ len Sn4+ va Cu len Cu2+
d)
Sn2+ len Sn4+
8.28 Chon phng an ung:
Hoa tan Fe vao dung dch H2SO4 loang. Phan ng xay ra manh liet
nhat trong dung dch:
a) Ch co axit sunfuric tinh
c) Co mat ion Al3+.
khiet.
d) Co mat ion Ag+.
2+
b) Co mat ion Mg .
8.29 Chon ap an ung:
Cho phan ng: Sn4+ + Cd Sn2+ + Cd2+
0
0
The kh chuan Sn 4 / Sn 2 0,15V Cd 2 / Cd 0,40V
1) Phan ng dien ra theo chieu nghch ieu kien tieu chuan
2) Ky hieu cua pin tng ng la:
(-)PtSn2+,Sn4+Cd2+Cd(+)
3) Sc ien ong tieu chuan cua pin E0 = 0,25V
4) Hang so can bang cua phan ng 250C la 41018
a) 4
b) 1,2
c) 2,4
d) 1,2,3
8.30 Chon ap an ung:
Cho the kh tieu chuan 250C va pH = 0 cua ban phan ng:
0
MnO 4 8H 5e Mn 2 4H 2 O MnO 24 / Mn 2 = 1,51V
1) Khi C MnO 4 C Mn 2 1M va pH = 5, 250C

MnO / Mn 2 1,04V
4

2) Khi tang pH moi trng th tnh oxi hoa cua MnO 4 giam, tnh kh
cua Mn2+ tang.
3) MnO 4 la chat oxi hoa manh trong moi trng baz.
4) Mn2+ la chat kh manh trong moi trng axit.
a) 2,4
b) 1,2
c) 3,4
d) 1,3
10

11

Chng 9. ONG HOA HOC

9.1 Toc o cua phan ng hoa hoc
9.1 Chon ap an ung. Cho phan ng : 2A (k) + B(k) C (k)
Bieu thc toc o phan ng phai la:
a) v = k.CA2.CB
b) v = k. Cc
c) v = k.CAm.CBn , vi m va n la nhng gia tr tm c t thc
nghiem.
d) v = k.CAm.CBn , vi m va n la nhng gia tr tm c t phng
trnh phan ng
9.2 Phan ng phan huy oxit dinit co s o tong quat:
2N2O (k) 2N2 (k) + O2 (k)
v = k[N2O]
Ngi ta cho rang phan ng trai qua hai bc s cap:
Bc 1: N2O N2 + O
Bc 2: N2O + O N2 + O2
Vay, phat bieu nao di ay phu hp vi cac d lieu tren:
a) Phan ng phan huy dinit oxit co bac ong hoc bang 2.
b) Bc 1 co phan t so la n phan t.
c) Oxi nguyen t la xuc tac cua phan ng.
d) Bc 2 la bc quyet nh toc o phan ng.
9.3 Chon y sai: Cho phan ng aA + bB = cC + dD co v = kCAmCBn.
Bac cua phan ng:
1) bang (n + m)
3) Bang (c+d)
4) Co the la
2) t khi ln hn 3
(a+b)
phan so
5) Bang a + b
a) 2 va 3
c) 3 va 5
d) 2 , 3 va
b) 3 va 4
5
9.4 Chon phat bieu ung :
Phan ng 2A + B 2C co bieu thc toc o phan ng la
v = k.CA2.CB , nen :
1) Phan ng bac 3.
2) Phan ng tren la phan ng phc tap.
3) Bac cua phan ng c tnh trc tiep bang he so ty lng
cua cac chat tham gia phan ng va bang 3.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 1,2
9.5 Phan ng 2A + 2B + C D + E co cac ac iem sau :
* [A], [B] khong oi, [C] tang gap oi, van toc v khong oi.
* [A] , [C] khong oi, [B] tang gap oi, van toc v tang gap
oi.
* [A], [B] eu tang gap oi, van toc V tang gap 8 lan.
Ca ba th nghiem eu cung mot nhiet o
Bieu thc cua van toc V theo cac nong o A, B, C la:
a) v = k[A][B][C]
c) v = k[A]2[B][C]
b) v = k[A][B]2
d) v = k[A]2[B]
9.6 Mot phan ng A + 2B = C bac 1 oi vi [A] va bac 1 oi
vi [B], c thc hien nhiet o khong oi.
a) Neu [A], [B] va [C] eu gap oi, van toc phan ng tang
gap 8 lan va phan ng la phan ng n gian.
b) Neu [A] va [B] eu tang gap oi, van toc phan ng tang
len gap 4 lan va phan ng nay la phan ng n gian.
12

Neu [A] tang gap oi, [B] tang gap ba, van toc phan ng
tang len gap 6 lan va phan ng nay la phan ng phc
tap.
d) Neu [A] va [B] eu tang gap ba, van toc phan ng tang
len gap 6 lan va phan ng nay la phan ng n gian.
9.7 Chon cau sai. Hang so toc o phan ng :
a) khong phu thuoc chat xuc tac.
b) khong phu thuoc nong o chat phan ng.
c) phu thuoc nhiet o.
d) phu thuoc nang lng hoat hoa cua phan ng
9.8 Chon cau Sai:
Hang so toc o cua phan ng nA + mB = AnBm
a) phu thuoc vao nong o CA va CB.
b) co gia tr khong oi trong suot qua trnh phan ng ang
nhiet.
c) la toc o rieng cua phan ng khi CA = CB = 1 mol.
d) bien oi khi co mat chat xuc tac.
9.9 oi vi phan ng thuan nghch :
a) Phan ng phat nhiet co
c) Phan ng thu nhiet co E*t
E*t < E*n
< E*n
b) Phan ng phat nhiet co
d) Phan ng thu nhiet co E*t
E*t E*n
E*n
c)

10.2 Cac yeu to anh hng en toc o phan ng

9.10 Toc o phan ng ong th kh tang khi tang nong o la do:
a) Tang so va cham cua cac tieu phan hoat ong.
b) Tang entropi cua phan ng.
c) Tang hang so toc o cua phan ng.
d) Giam nang lng hoat hoa cua phan ng.
9.11 Chon phat bieu ung:
Nguyen nhan chnh lam cho toc o phan ng tang len khi tang
nhiet o la :
a) Tan suat va cham gia cac tieu phan tang.
b) Lam giam nang lng hoat hoa cua phan ng.
c) Lam tang entropi cua he.
d) Lam tang so va cham cua cac tieu phan co nang lng
ln hn nang lng hoat hoa.
9.12 S tang nhiet o co tac ong en mot phan ng thuan
nghch :
a) Ch lam tang van toc chieu thu nhiet.
b) Ch lam tang van toc chieu toa nhiet.
c) Lam tang van toc ca chieu thu va toa nhiet, lam cho he
mau at en trang thai can bang mi.
d) Tang ong eu van toc ca chieu thu va toa nhiet nen can
bang khong thay oi.
9.13 Khi tang nhiet o to, van toc phan ng tang v s tang
nhiet o o:
a) lam cho G < 0.
b) lam giam nang lng hoat hoa.
c) chu yeu la lam tang so lan va cham gia cac phan t.
13

lam tang nang lng cua cac tieu phan trong he.
9.14 Chat xuc tac co anh hng nh the nao en trang thai
can bang cua phan ng toa nhiet?
a) Lam cho phan ng nhanh at ti can bang
b) Lam tang nang lng cua cac tieu phan.
c) Lam cho phan ng nhanh xay ra hoan toan.
d) Lam cho hieu suat cua phan ng theo chieu thuan tang
len..
9.15 Chat xuc tac co anh hng nh the nao en can bang
hoa hoc:
a) Khong anh hng en can bang.
b) Lam can bang dch chuyen theo chieu phan ng nghch.
c) Lam can bang dch chuyen theo chieu phan ng thuan.
d) Lam tang hang so can bang cua phan ng.
9.16 Ho cua phan ng co phu thuoc vao chat xuc tac khong?
a) Co, v chat xuc tac tham gia vao qua trnh phan ng.
b) Khong, v chat xuc tac ch tham gia vao giai oan trung gian
cua phan ng va c phuc hoi sau phan ng. San pham
va tac chat van giong nh khi khong co chat xuc tac.
c) Co, v chat xuc tac lam giam nhiet o can co e phan
ng xay ra.
d) Co, v chat xuc tac lam giam nang lng hoat hoa cua
phan ng.
9.17 Chon cau Sai. Chat xuc tac:
a) Khong lam thay oi cac ac trng nhiet ong cua phan
ng.
b) Ch co tac dung xuc tac vi mot phan ng nhat nh.
c) Lam giam nang lng hoat hoa cua phan ng.
d) Lam thay oi hang so can bang cua phan ng.
9.18 Chon y sai:
Toc o phan ng cang ln khi:
a) nang lng hoat hoa cua phan ng cang ln.
b) entropi hoat hoa cang ln.
c) so va cham co hieu qua gia cac tieu phan cang ln.
d) nhiet o cang cao.
9.19 Chon cau ung
Toc o cua phan ng d the :
a) tang len khi tang be mat tiep xuc pha
b) cua bat ky phan ng nao cung tang len khi khuay tron
c) ch c quyet nh bi tng tac hoa hoc cua ban than
chat phan ng.
d) phu thuoc vao be mat tiep xuc pha ma khong phu thuoc
vao nong o chat phan ng.
9.20 Chon cau ung. Toc o cua phan ng hoa tan kim loai ran
trong dung dch axit se :
1) Giam xuong khi giam nhiet o phan ng
2) Tang len khi tang kch thc cac hat kim loai.
3) Giam xuong khi giam ap suat phan ng.
4)tang len khi tang nong o axt.
a) 1,2,4
b) 1,3,4
c) 1,2,3
d) 1,4
d)

14

9.21 Chon ap an ung va ay u nhat:

Co mot so phan ng tuy co G < 0 song trong thc te phan
ng van khong xay ra. Vay co the ap dung nhng bien phap
nao trong cac cach sau e phan ng xay ra:
1. Dung xuc tac
4. Nghien nho cac tac chat
2. Tang nhiet o
ran
3. Tang nong o tac chat
a) 1,2
b) 1 va 3
c) 1,2,4
d) 1,2,3,4
9.22 Chon cau tra li ay u nhat .
e tang toc o cua phan ng d pha co s tham gia cua
chat ran ta co the dung nhng bien phap nao trong cac bien
phap sau ay :
1/ Tang nhiet o.
2/ Dung xuc tac.
3/ Tang nong o cac chat phan ng.
4/ Giam nong o san pham phan ng tren be mat chat phan
ng ran.
5/ Nghien nho cac chat phan ng ran.
a) 1,2,3,4,5
b) 1,2,3,5
c) 1,2,3
d) 1,2,3,4
9.23 Phan ng CO (k) + Cl2 (k) COCl2 (k) la phan ng n gian.
Neu nong o CO tang t 0,1M len 0,4M; nong o Cl2 tang t 0,3M
len 0,9M th toc o phan ng thay oi nh the nao?
a) Tang 3
b) Tang 4
c) Tang 12
d) tang 7
lan
lan
lan
lan

15