1.

0 INTRODUCTION

The world is at the peak of the technology era, many new products developed from the
earlier adaptation of products are designed more modern and more convenient for consumers.
The role of engineers are essential in creating advanced products capable of raising the standard
of living. To fulfill the purpose of making a final year project, we are responsible to make a
product that gives advantages and benefits for consumers.
For example, as we look nowadays farmers are doing their daily work with exhaustion.
They are farming under the blazing sun and without noticing, they are tired and exhausted from
doing their work. We can see that their ways in making sure their plants stay fertile are sure to be
their priority. They put aside their complaints and just keep doing what they know best. Without
even knowing their ways are wasting time and energy, plus the plants might not even get the
same amount of fluid they needed. So in order to help in conserving, we decided to create a
product in helping the farmers spraying their plants more easily and efficient.
We are given a period of time to create such project. Our idea was to help the farmers by
simplify their work, conserving their energy and time, plus giving the plants enough fluid as they
needed. We would like to create a mechanical product that we did and decided to name it
Mechanical Bicycle Pump Sprayer. The name of the product suits the product itself as the
pump sprayer is tagged along with the bicycle. The concept is simple, as the bicycle is cycled
then the water will be pumped and spayed out from the storage tank towards the plants.

1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT

From the project, we are to identify the problem statement first before going further in
making decision and changes to the product that we are to modify. Without it, we can never make
changes to the original product.
From our product that is to be modified, we can state a few problem statement that we
have discuss in the project proposal. For example, the farmer must waste their energy to water
their sized-acre farm. Not only that, they will also use a lot of energy. Moreover, normally they
water their plants ordinarily and by this the plants might never get enough or the same amount of
water as they needed. As this happen, the plants might be dehydrated. Hence, the plants would
wilt eventually. From this, we decided to make the concept easier plus energy and time
conservable.
Some of the problems to be highlighted:
1) The farmers energy should be prevented but at the same time an efficient concept to be
applied.
2) The farmers time also should be prevented so they have enough energy to water their
sized-acre farm.
3) The plants might not get enough fluid/the same amount of water as they needed.

1.2 INFORMATION GATHERED

From the problem statement stated, we have gathered some information and picture proof
to overcome this obstacle. As you might know, the farmers energy and time should be
prevented and the plant fields may be a large area for them to be watered. As you can see
from some of these pictures:

Figure 1.0 A sized-acre of mustard field might use up a lot of energy for the farmers.

Figure 2.0 A large acre of spinach field that is surely use up a lot of time for them to be
watered.

2.0 THE PROPOSED INVENTION

Based on the problem statement, we can identify the objectives of making this new
product. As such:
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To reduce the usage of farmers energy by using a bicycle instead of walking while

watering.
To reduce the usage of farmers time by making a new concept of watering the plants.
To make sure the plants get enough/same amount of water by modifying the concept of
storage tank.
Mechanical Bicycle Pump Sprayer is a product that is capable of helping the farmers or

users in their daily work. Generally, the purpose of this product is to water the plants with an
equal amount of water without using much energy and time. The concept of this is similar to the
usual work but the difference is we use a bicycle and a piston pump to water the plants.

The method to make this product starts from sketching the product. A few sketches were
done and choose the best among them. Next, we test run in the solidworks in order to see the
chances of creating the product. As for example, the piston pump is tested in the solidworks
whether it works or not when it is attach to the bicycle. Furthermore, the next method is finding
the suitable bicycle and attach the compartments like the pistons, sprockets, chains, tanks and
hose. The attachments are finalized by welding, cutting, grinding, drilling and many others.

3.0 FEATURES

Features are the characteristics of the product itself. The components that needed in this project:
i.
ii.

Sprocket
- To control the movement up and down of the piston pump.
Piston pump - To pump out the water from the storage tank.
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iii.
iv.
v.
vi.

Tank storage
Control valve
Hose tail
Tube plastic

- To store the water.

- To control the flow of the water from in and out.
- A pair of branch attached to the control valve.
- A tube that will allow the flow of water.

Sprocket
A sprocket is any of various tooth like projections arranged on a wheel rim to engage the links of
a chain. Sprockets are used in bicycles, motorcycles, cars, tracked vehicles, chainsaws and
other machinery either to transmit rotary motion between two shafts where gears are unsuitable
or to impart linear motion to a track.

Figure 3.0 Sprocket of a bicycle

Piston Pump
A piston pump is a type of positive displacement pump where the high-pressure seal reciprocates
with the piston. Piston pumps can be used to move liquids or compress gases. Like in our
bicycle, the function of the piston pump is to pump out the water from the storage tank.

Figure 4.0 A piston pump used to pump out the water from the storage tank

Storage tank
Storage tanks are containers that hold liquids, compressed gases or mediums used for the shortor long-term storage of heat or cold. As for this product, it is for storing water. The storage tank
is filled with water and it will be tagged in the backseat.

Figure 5.0 Storage tank that will be filled with water

Control valve
Control valves are valves used to control conditions such as flow, pressure, temperature,
and liquid level by fully or partially opening or closing. In our product, it is to control the flow of
the water from in and out.

Figure 6.0 Control valve that will control the flow of the water.

Hose tail
We use a hose tail that will be attached with the control valve. In our product, we use a pair of
the hose tails and connected with the control valve which has two openings.

Figure 7.0 We use a pair of them as the control valve has two openings

Tube plastic
A tube plastic is used to let the flow of water from the storage tank. We use a pair of them as the
control valve comes with two openings.

Figure 8.0 A pair of tube plastic to let the flow of the water from the storage tank

4.0

THE FUNCTION
So, how does this mechanical bicycle spray pump functioning? The basic principle of a

bicycle pump sprayer is that pressure is maintained inside a pressure from piston pump and not
inside the tank itself. Pressure is increased by rotating from the pedal of bicycle. The advantage
of such a sprayer is that pumping is performed while spraying at the same time suitable for
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agriculture, crop protection, weed killing, pesticide & insecticide spraying and also for industrial
spraying applications such as disinfections.
4.1

Description of each component

Before we design the product, we have made some early sketch to make an election of
the design product. These are the early sketch design of the product:

Figure 9.0: Movement of piston

4.1.1

Piston
Piston is used to generate the air pressure so that air pressure will press the fluid surface

in the tank and push out from the hose. The pressure is created based on the circular motion of
the cycle sprocket. The higher the circular motion of cycle sprocket, the higher of pressure.
Piston is one of important part. But we had a problem to put the piston. We have created holder
that can hold piston so that it cannot fall. The holder can move right and left freely.

We need to use two pistons because we need more air pressure. Piston is the moving
component that is contained by a cylinder and is made gas-tight by piston rings. The function is
reversed and force is transferred from the sprocket to the piston for the purpose of compressing
or ejecting the fluid in the tank.

Figure 10.0: Early sketch system of mechanical bicycle spray pump

Figure 11.0: System gear used

4.1.2

The Sprocket
A sprocket is a profiled wheel with teeth, cogs, or even sprockets that mesh with a chain,

track or other perforated or indented material. The name 'sprocket' applies generally to any wheel
upon which are radial projections that engage a chain passing over it. It is distinguished from a

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gear in that sprockets are never meshed together directly, and differs from a pulley in that
sprockets have teeth and pulleys are smooth.
Sprockets are used in bicycles, motorcycles, cars, tracked vehicles, and other machinery
to transmit rotary motion between two shafts where gears are unsuitable or to impart linear
motion to a track, tape etc. Perhaps the most common form of sprocket may be found in the
bicycle, in which the pedal shaft carries a large sprocket-wheel, which drives a chain, which, in
turn, drives a small sprocket on the axle of the rear wheel.
Sprockets are of various designs, a maximum of efficiency being claimed for each by its
originator. Sprockets typically do not have a flange. Some sprockets used with timing belts have
flanges to keep the timing belt centered. Sprockets and chains are also used for power
transmission from one shaft to another where slippage is not admissible, sprocket chains being
used instead of belts or ropes and sprocket-wheels instead of pulleys. They can be run at high
speed and some forms of chain are so constructed as to be noiseless even at high speed.

4.2

Description of how the invention works

Mostly farmers use knapsack sprayer pump. If they use knapsack sprayer pump, they

need to use more energy and make a long time to finish their work. That is why we created
mechanical of bicycle spray pump to make ease their work. So this is some of the advantages
when using our product (mechanical of bicycle spray pump):
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
5.0

Can bring high capacity of tank.

Reduce time and energy.
Easier to operate and maintain.
Easy to assemble and dissemble.
Flexible product.
Can used to spray one acre of land in a few minutes.

THE CLAIMS

We are making some improvement to make it easier so that it will help farmers. From the
conventional knapsack sprayer we make an adjustment by using the same concept and principles.
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We use a bicycle because we want to reduce human energy and reduce time working. As we
know, conventional knapsack sprayer cannot bring a large quantity of pesticide chemical because
it has a limit or capacity. So, they need something that can bring a large quantity of pesticide. We
create the new sprayer that help them move faster and do not wasting their time. Mechanical of
Bicycle Spray Pump is one of our ideas that can help farmers. Our concept is we using the
circular motions of the cycle sprocket to move the piston of the spray pump which generates
pressure to spray the fluid. The front and rear sprockets of a thrown away bicycle are
interchanged and the small sprocket is connected to the piston pump, so as the circular motion is
converted to reciprocating motion of the piston and thus the pressure is generated and thus the
fluids are sprayed on the field.
Spraying of Agrochemicals in the field is a tedious and laborious task. The conventional
knapsack sprayers available in the market are requiring manual labor to operate, which is
difficult to find due to movement of farm laborers toward cities. The small farmers cannot afford
to buy the power operated sprayer or tractor-mounted sprayers available in the market, as these
are very costly and are of not much use to small farmers due to small land holdings.

6.0

CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING (CPS)

What is Creative Problem Solving (CPS)?

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Creative Problem Solving is a proven method for approaching a problem or a challenge in an

imaginative and innovative way. Its a tool that helps people re-define the problems they face,
come up with breakthrough ideas and then take action on these new ideas. Alex Osborn and
Sidney Parnes conducted extensive research on the steps that are involved when people solve
problems, the result of which is the following 6 steps that are broken down into 3 stages:

FIGURE 12.0 : CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING FLOWCHART

Objective Finding - Identify Goal, Wish or Challenge

instead of

To reduce the usage of farmers energy by using a bicycle

walking while watering.

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Fact Finding - Gather Data

As far as we concern, the farmers used a lot of their energy and time
watering the plant field and the plant fields may be a large area for them to
handle.

Problem Finding - Clarify the Problem

The farmer used a lot of energy to water their sized-acre farm. Not
only that, they will eventually waste their energy. Moreover,
normally
they waters their plants ordinarily and by this the plants might never
gets enough water as the same amount of water as they needed.

Idea Finding - Generate Ideas

Mechanical Bicycle Pump Sprayer is a product that is
capable of helping
the farmers or users in their daily
work. Generally, the purpose of this
product is to
water the plants with an equal amount of water without using
such energy and time. The concept of this is similar to the
usual work but
the difference is we use a bicycle and a
piston pump to water the plants.

Solution Finding Select and Strengthen Solutions

t
conventional
chemical

From the conventional knapsack sprayer we make an adjustment by using

the same concept and principles. We use a bicycle because we want to
reduce human energy and reduce time working. As we know,
knapsack sprayer cannot bring a large quantity of pesticide
because it has a limit or capacity. So, they need something
14

that can bring a

help them move
Bicycle Spray Pump

large quantity of pesticide. We create the new sprayer that

faster and do not wasting their time. Mechanical of
is one of our ideas that can help farmers.

Acceptance Finding Plan for Action

fluid.
interchanged
as the circular
and thus the
field.

7.0

Our concept is using the circular motions of the cycle sprocket to move
the piston of the spray pump which generates pressure to spray the
The front and rear sprockets of a thrown away bicycle are
and the small sprocket is connected to the piston pump, so
motion is converted to reciprocating motion of the piston
pressure is generated, hence the fluids are sprayed on the

CONCLUSION

As a conclusion, obviously, this product shall help a lot the farmers especially in their
field work. Not only it saves time, it also saves the farmer's energy by just cycling the product
across the field. Moreover, our product was designed according to most of the fields layout. This
product is more efficient than just spraying across the field by walking. Lastly, the crops on the
field shall also get the same amount of liquid.

8.0

REFERENCES

1.
2.
3.
4.

http://www.smithshire.co.nz/products-34-188.php
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piston_pump
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_pump
http://www.autoexpress.co.uk/accessories-tyres/35990/foot-pumps

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5. Design of a Free-piston Engine-pump. Sutapat Kwankaomeng. ProQuest, 2008 - 282

pages
6. Practical Hydraulic Systems: Operation and Troubleshooting for Engineers and
Technicians. Ravi Doddannavar, Andries Barnard, Jayaraman Ganesh. Newnes, Feb 7,
2005 - Technology & Engineering - 240 pages
7. Control Valves. Guy Borden. Instrument Society of America, Jan 1, 1998 - Technology &
Engineering

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