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A liquid like water or alcohol absorbs the heat in its vicinity as it evaporates.
When alcohol is put on your skin, you feel chilly.
This happens because, when the alcohol evaporates, it removes heat from
your skin.
On the air conditioner cycle, by using the above principle and refrigerant which
is easier to evaporate than alcohol, takes place.
An application of this principle is refrigeration.
The higher the vaporizing capacity, the larger the heat absorbing power and
the higher the refrigerating capacity.
Function
The function of air conditioner is to maintain
the life environment in a comfortable
condition. Therefore, complete air
conditioning involves:
i.
Temperature control
ii.
Air circulation control
iii. Humidity control
iv. Air purification
Refrigerant
The refrigerant is used to absorb, transfer and
release heat in the air-conditioning circuit. A
refrigerant must be :
i. Non-flammable
ii. Non-explosive
iii. Non-poisonous
iv. Non-corrosive
v. Odorless
R-12
Substance known as Dichlorodifluoromethane commonly referred to as
Freon or R-12.
R-12 has the following properties:
i.
non-flammable
ii. non-toxic
iii. stable at all temperatures
iv. does not react with aluminium, steel or copper,
v. soluble in mineral oils
vi. low boiling point
vii. vaporizes at minus 30C
viii. harmful to the environment
R-13-a
It is an HFC or Hydrofluorocarbon.
Principle Operation
High Pressure,
High Temperature
Receiver
Liquid
refrigerant
Expansion
valve
Low Pressure
Low Temperature
Liquid
refrigerant
Liquid
refrigerant
Evaporator
Gaseous
refrigerant
Gaseous
refrigerant
Condenser
High Pressure
High Temperature
Compressor
Refrigeration Cycle
Low Pressure
Low Temperature
Mounting Location
Dash Type
The air conditioner unit in this type is normally
installed under the dash panel.
Trunk Type
The air conditioner units is installed in the trunk.
Dual Type
The cold air is blown out from the front and rear
of the car interior.
Function
Simple Type
This type consists of ventilator connected either
to heater OR to refrigeration system, used
simply for heating or cooling.
Ventilator
A device for leading the fresh
outside air into the car, that also
serves for ventilating the car.
Types of Ventilator
Natural flow-through ventilator
Intake of external air into the vehicles interior due to
the air pressure generated by the vehicles
movement
Operation of Dampers
Two types of damper operation used are:
1. Lever type
A lever on the control panel is connected to a cable which
moves the damper when the lever is moved.
2. Push-button type
Pressing a push-button on the control panel causes a servo
motor to operate, moving the damper.
Blower Operation
Fresh air or re circulated air drawn in by the
blower.
In figure below, blower speed control lever on the
control panel can change the blower speed in four
steps, from LO to HI.
The blower speed is controlled by passing current
through resistors with different resistance values
to change the voltage to the blower motor, thus
changing the blower speed.
Blower Operation