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Kotor (Serbian Cyrillic: ,

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pronounced[ktr]; Italian : Cattaro) is a coastal

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town in Montenegro . It is located in a secluded

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of 13,510 and is the administrative center of Kotor

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Municipality.

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The old Mediterranean port of Kotor is surrounded

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Kotor

part of the Gulf of Kotor . The city has a population

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422548N 184612E

by fortifications built during the Venetian period.

It is located on the Bay of Kotor (Boka Kotorska),

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one of the most indented parts of the Adriatic Sea .

Some have called it the southern-most fjord in
Europe, but it is a ria, a submerged river canyon.

Special pages

Together with the nearly overhanging limestone

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cliffs of Orjen and Loven, Kotor and its

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surrounding area form an impressive and

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picturesque Mediterranean landscape.

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In recent years, Kotor has seen a steady increase in

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tourists, many of them coming by cruise ship .

Visitors are attracted both by the natural beauty of
the Gulf of Kotor and by the old town of Kotor.
Kotor is part of the World Heritage Site dubbed the
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor.

()

Contents
[hide]
Kotor

1 Geography

Bosanski

2 Climate

Catal

3 History
3.1 Roman era

etina

3.2 Middle Ages

Dansk

3.3 Venetian and Ottoman rule

Deutsch

3.4 Habsburg and Napoleonic rule

Eesti

3.5 World War II

3.6 Contemporary

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotor[5/15/2015 7:00:47 PM]

Coordinates:
Country
Municipality

422548N 184612E
Montenegro
Kotor Municipality

Kotor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Espaol
Esperanto

4 Main sights
5 Culture

Euskara

6 Demographics

7 Transport

Franais

9 References

Bahasa Indonesia

Geography

Italiano

[edit]

This section requires expansion.

(March 2015)

Latina
Ltzebuergesch
Lietuvi
Magyar

Nederlands
Nedersaksies

Norsk bokml
Polski
Portugus
Romn

Scots
Shqip
Simple English
Slovenina

It is located in a secluded part of the

Climate

Settlements
Mayor

56
(dr Aleksandar Saa
Stjepevi)

Gulf of Kotor .

[edit]

Kotor has a humid subtropical climate

Month
Average
high C (F)
Average low
C (F)
Average
precipitation
mm
(inches)

335km 2 (129sqmi)

Population (2003 census)

Total
5,341
Density
68/km 2 (180/sqmi)
Municipality
22,947

10 External links

Hrvatski

5th century BC

Area
Municipality

8 Twin towns

Galego

Founded

Time zone
Summer (DST)

CET (UTC+1 )
CEST ( UTC+2 )

Postal code
Area code

85330
+382 32

ISO 3166-2 code

CarPlates

ME-10
KO

Website

Official

(Cfa).

Climate data for Kotor

Apr May Jun Jul

Jan

Feb

Mar

(48)

10

(50)

13

(55)

16

(61)

21

(70)

24

(75)

(36)

(36)

(39)

(45)

10

(50)

14

(57)

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[hide]
Year

28

(82)

28

(82)

24

(75)

19

(66)

14

(57)

10

(50)

18

(64.3)

17

(63)

16

(61)

14

(57)

10

(50)

(43)

(36)

8.7

(47.8)

151
135
121
115
86
66
42
59
104
151
194
174
1,398

(5.94)
(5.31)
(4.76)
(4.53)
(3.39)
(2.6)
(1.65)
(2.32)
(4.09)
(5.94)
(7.64)
(6.85)
(55.02)

Avg.
precipitation
days

13

13

13

13

11

10

11

14

13

133

Source: weather2travel.com[1]

Slovenina
/ srpski
Srpskohrvatski /

Suomi

History

[edit]

Roman era [edit]

Svenska
Trke

Kotor, first mentioned in 168BC, was settled during Ancient

Roman times, when it was known as Acruvium,

Vneto

Ascrivium, or Ascruvium (AncientGreek : )

Ting Vit

and was part of the Roman province of Dalmatia.[2]

Edit links

Middle Ages [edit]

Kotor has been fortified since the early

Middle Ages , when

Emperor Justinian built a fortress above Acruvium in 535,

Entrance of old town Kotor with sign

"What belongs to others we don't want,
what is ours we will never surrender."

after expelling the Ostrogoths ; a second town probably

grew up on the heights round it, for Constantine Porphyrogenitus

, in the 10th century, alludes to Lower

Kotor. The city was plundered by the Saracens in 840. Kotor was one of the more influential
Dalmatian city-states of romanized Illyrians throughout the Middle Ages, and until the 11th century the
Dalmatian language

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was spoken in Kotor.

Kotor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In 1002, the city suffered damage under the occupation of the

First Bulgarian Empire, and in the

following year it was ceded to Serbia by the Bulgarian Tsar Samuil . However, the local population
resisted the pact and, taking advantage of its alliance with the Republic of Ragusa , only submitted in
1184, while maintaining its republican institutions and its right to conclude treaties and engage in war. It
was already an episcopal see, and, in the 13th century, Dominican and Franciscan monasteries were
established to check the spread of Bogomilism .
During the Nemanji dynasty-era, the city was autonomous. With the fall of the Serbian Empire , the city
came under the Serbian Despotate. The city acknowledged the suzerainty of the

Republic of Venice in

1420. In the 14th century, commerce in Kotor (as the city was called until 1918) competed with that of
the nearby Republic of Ragusa

and of the Republic of Venice .

Venetian and Ottoman rule [edit]

The city was part of the Venetian Albania province of the
Venetian Republic from 1420 to 1797. It was besieged by
the Ottomans in 1538 and 1657. Four centuries of Venetian
domination have given the city the typical Venetian
architecture, that contributed to make Kotor a UNESCO
world heritage site.[3] In those centuries Renaissance-related
literature enjoyed a huge development in Kotor: the most

Venetian fortifications of Kotor

famous writers were Bernardo Pima, Nicola Chierlo, Luca

Bisanti, Alberto de Gliricis, Domenico and Vincenzo
Burchia, Vincenzo Ceci, Antonio Zambella and Francesco Morandi.
In the 14th- and 15th centuries, there was an influx of settlers from the oblasts
of Trebinje (the region around forts Klobuk Ledenica and Rudina) and the
Hum lands (Gacko and Dabar ) to Kotor. [4]
While under Venetian rule, Kotor was besieged by the Ottoman Empire in
1538 and 1657, endured the plague in 1572, and was nearly destroyed by
earthquakes in 1563 and 1667.

Habsburg and Napoleonic rule [edit]

After the Treaty of Campo Formio

in 1797, it passed to the

Habsburg

Monarchy. However, in 1805, it was assigned to the French Empire's client

state, the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy by the Treaty of Pressburg , although in
fact held by a Russian squadron under Dmitry Senyavin . After the
Russians retreated, Kotor was united in 1806 with this Kingdom of
Italy and then in 1810 with the French Empire's Illyrian Provinces .
Kotor was captured by the British in an attack

on the Bay led by

Commodore John Harper in the brig sloop HMSSaracen (18 guns).

To seal off Kotor, residents along the shore literally pulled the ship in
windless conditions with ropes. The Saracen's crew later hauled naval
18-pounder guns above Fort St. John, the fortress near Kotor, and
were reinforced by Captain William Hoste with his ship

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Maritime Gate in
the city walls.

Kotor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Napoleonic coins were

minted in 1813 in Kotor

HMSBacchante (38 guns). The French garrison had no alternative

but to surrender, which it did on 5 January 1814.
It was restored to the

Habsburg Monarchy

by the Congress of Vienna.

Until 1918, the town was head of the district of the same name, one of the 13
Bezirkshauptmannschaften in the Dalmatia province.

[5]

In World War I , Kotor was one of three main bases of the

Austro-Hungarian Navy and homeport to the

Austrian Fifth Fleet, consisting of pre-dreadnought battleships and light cruisers. The area was the site of
some of the fiercest battles between local Montenegrin Slavs and Austria-Hungary . After 1918, the city
became a part of Yugoslavia and officially became known as Kotor.

World War II [edit]

Between 1941 and 1943

Kingdom of Italy annexed the area of Kotor which became one of three
- the Province of Cattaro had an area of 1,075km2

provinces of the Italian Governorate of Dalmatia

[6]

(415sqmi) and population of 128,000.

Contemporary [edit]
After 1945 it became a part of the then Socialist Republic of Montenegro within Yugoslavia's second
incarnation.
On April 15, 1979, a major earthquake hit the Montenegrin coastal area. There were approximately 100
casualties. Half of Kotor's Old Town was destroyed and St. Tryphon's Cathedral was partly damaged.
Up until the beginning of the 20th century, Croatian

Catholics constituted the majority around the Gulf

of Kotor.
Kotor is still the seat of the Croatian

Main sights

Catholic Bishopric of Kotor , which covers the entire gulf.

[edit]

Kotor has one of the best preserved medieval

old towns in the Adriatic and is a UNESCO
world heritage site.[3] It is home to numerous

UNESCO World Heritage Site

Kotor, part of the Natural and CulturoHistorical Region of Kotor

sights, such as the Cathedral of Saint Tryphon

Name as inscribed on the World Heritage List

in the old town (built in 1166), and the ancient

walls which stretch for 4.5km (3mi) directly
above the city. Sveti ore and Gospa od
krpijela islets off the coast of Perast are also
among the more popular destinations in the
vicinity of Kotor.

Culture

[edit]

Kotor
hosts

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Type

Cultural

Criteria

i, ii, iii, iv

Reference

125

Kotor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

UNESCO region

Europe and North America

Inscription history

Square of Arms

Inscription

1979 (3rd Session)

Extensions

1979-2003

several summer events, such as the Summer Carnival or

Bokeljska No.
Together with Budva , the city hosted the Federation of European Carnival Cities (FECC) World Carnival
City Congress in May 2009.

Demographics

[edit]

Kotor is the administrative centre of Kotor municipality, which includes the towns of Risan and Perast ,
as well as many small hamlets around the Bay of Kotor , and has a population of 22,601.[7]
The town of Kotor itself has 961 inhabitants, but the administrative limits of the town encompass only the
area of the Old Town. However, the urban area of Kotor also includes Dobrota (8,819) and kaljari
(3,807), thus the population of Kotor urban area is close to 13,000 inhabitants (15,000 if neighbouring
hamlets of Muo, Pranj and Stoliv are included).
Ethnicity in 2011 (Municipality):

[7]

11,047 Montenegrins (48.88%)

6,910 Serbs (30.57%)
1,553 Croats (6.87%)
3,091 Others ( 13.68%)
According to documents from 1900, Kotor had 7,617 Catholics, and 7,207 Orthodox Christians. Kotor is
still the seat of the Catholic Bishopric of Kotor , which covers the entire gulf. In 2011, 78% citizens of
Kotor were Orthodox Christians , while 13% were listed as Roman Catholic.

Serbian Orthodox church

Montenegrin Orthodox

Church of Our Lady of

of St. Nicholas

church of St. Peter of

Health

Cetinje

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotor[5/15/2015 7:00:47 PM]

Kotor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Cathedral of Saint

Kotor Cathedral.

Tryphon (Sv. Tripun).

Transport

[edit]

Kotor is connected to the

Adriatic Motorway and the rest of the coast and inland Montenegro by Vrmac

Tunnel. Inland is reachable by detouring from Adriatic motorway at Budva or Sutomore (through
Sozina tunnel ). There is also a historic road connecting Kotor with Cetinje , which offers spectacular
views of Kotor bay.
Tivat Airport is 5 kilometres (3.1mi) away, and there are regular flights to Belgrade , Moscow and Paris
and dozens of charter planes land daily on Tivat airport during the summer season.
Podgorica Airport is 65 kilometres (40mi) away, and it has regular flights to major European destinations
throughout the year.

Twin towns

[edit]

Szeged , Hungary
Santa Barbara , USA

References

[edit]

1. ^ [1]
2. ^ Jackson, Hamilton (2010). The Shores of the Adriatic (Illustrated Edition) . Echo Library. p.269.
ISBN978-1-4068-6761-9. Retrieved 21 February 2011 .
. Unesco World Heritage Convention. Retrieved
3. ^ a b "Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor"
2010-12-08 .
4. ^ Toi, uro. Trebinjci i Zahumljani u srednjovjekovnom Kotoru , work in Istraivanja, 2005, br.
16, pp. 221-227.
5. ^ Die postalischen Abstempelungen auf den sterreichischen Postwertzeichen-Ausgaben 1867, 1883 und
1890, Wilhelm KLEIN, 1967
6. ^ Rodogno, Davide (2003). Il nuovo ordine mediterraneo. Turin: Bollati Boringhieri.
. Monstat. 2011.
7. ^ a b "Montenegrin 2011 census"

External links

[edit]

Official website
UNESCO: Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of
Kotor
Kotor City Guide - Hotels - Accommodation Rent a
Car

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotor[5/15/2015 7:00:47 PM]

Wikimedia Commons has

media related to Kotor.
Wikisource has the text of the
1921 Collier's Encyclopedia
article Cattaro.

Kotor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Boka Kotorska Photo Gallery

Tourist Presentation of Kotor
Foundation for Culture and Tradition of Boka Kotorska "Project Rastko-Boka" in Serbian
Old Town Map (1944px 2592px 851.58 Kb JPG)
Categories: Kotor

Populated places in Kotor Municipality

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