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ArcGIS
Aim: To import and prepare an image into ArcGIS
Imagery: individual bands of a Landsat MSS, TM or ETM+ scene in .tif format that covers
Coventry
Files: to be decided by you
Data path: to be decided by you
Time: 60 minutes
Sourcing data
There are several online archives of Landsat MSS, TM and ETM+ data. Widely used sources of
data are listed in the table.
URL
EO data
Landmap
www.landmap.ac.uk
GLCF ESDI
GLOVIS
glovis.usgs.gov/
EarthExplorer
earthexplorer.usgs.gov
Image preparation
Launch ArcMap.
Add a basemap consisting of Open Street Map to ArcMap. Zoom to Coventry so that you can
orientate yourself later in the exercise.
Connect to your folder and Add the Landsat data to your map. You will have to Add each band
separately (unless you create a new Group Layer) which is time consuming and limits the image
processing that you can perform. A multispectral composite is a more efficient format for handling
EO data.
Create a composite of the visible, near- and shortwave-infrared bands using the Composite bands
tool.
> Geoprocessing
> ArcGIS Toolbox
> Data Management Tools
> Raster
> Raster Processing
> Composite bands
Save the composite as a .tif file.
The Landsat image covers 185 km by 185 km which means that processing the whole image is
wasteful of computing resources.
Create a subscene of Coventry by clipping the image. The most intuitive way to do this is in Image
Analysis. Add the composite image to ArcMap and open Image Analysis. Zoom to the area of
interest. Highlight the composite image in Image Analysis to make it the active layer and then use
Clip from the Processing tools at the bottom of the panel.
The clipped image is only stored in temporary memory so you need to save the subscene.
Right-click on the subscene in the Table of Contents
> Data
> Export Data
> Extent is set as the Data Frame
> Spatial Reference is the Original
> Location is the folder
> Name the file
Image display
You can now display the subscene as a multiband composite and optimise its' appearance using
Properties > Symbology.
A monitor has 3 colour guns (RGB). You can display one waveband of data through each colour
gun to create a colour composite. Widely used colour composites are:
True colour 321: TM3 through Red, TM2 through Green, TM1 through Blue colour guns
False colour 432(classic): TM4 through Red, TM3 through Green, TM2 through Blue colour guns
False colour 453(my favorite): TM4 through Red, TM5 through Green, TM3 through Blue coliur
guns
Which combination of bands best discriminates (i) water bodies, (ii) agricultural fields, (iii) green
space in urban areas?
What is the pattern of cloud cover in that image? Does it obscure Coventry?
4.
Which combination of bands best discriminates:
(i) water bodies TM 432 or TM 453
(ii) agricultural fields TM 453
(iii) green space in urban areas - ???