Ultraviolet radiation (UV radiation or ultraviolet rays) is a form of energy

traveling through space.

Smaller wavelength = more energy.
electromagnetic radiation that is contained and traveling in little packets
are called photons.
The sun is a major source of ultraviolet rays. 99% of its rays are in the
form of visible light, ultraviolet rays, and infrared rays
ultraviolet rays often carry the unfortunate circumstance of
containing too much energy
The energy contained in ultraviolet rays is very high it can knock electrons
away from the atoms, or cause molecules to split. This can change the
chemical structure of the molecule, which is very harmful to living
organisms, as it can cause cell damage and irregularities by mutating its
genetic code.

UV-C is most energetic and most harmful; UV-A is least energetic and
least harmful.

UV-C rays do not reach the earth's surface because of the ozone layer.
When UV-C rays meet ozone molecules at high layers of the atmosphere,
the energy inside them is enough to break apart the bond of the molecule
and absorb the energy.

UV-B rays have a lower energy level and a longer wavelength than UVC. Their energy is not sufficient enough to split an ozone molecule so
some of them extend down to the earth's surface.

UV-A rays do not have enough energy to break apart the bonds of the
ozone, so UV-A radiation can pass the earth's atmosphere almost
unfiltered.

Researchers know that UV can be damaging to RNA however they found

out that some parts of the molecule act as a protective shield for other
parts. The nitrogenous bases absorb and diffuse UV radiation, protecting
the RNAs pentose-phosphate backbone.

Since double strands can provide more UV protection to the RNA backbone than
single-strands, the scientists suggest that base-pairing may have originated as a trait to
provide greater UV protection.

There is another spectrum which is divided into the following 3 regions: near
ultraviolet (NUV), far ultraviolet (FUV), Extreme ultraviolet (EUV)

Classified depending on how energetic the UV radiation is and by its wavelength

Scientists have divided the ultraviolet part of the spectrum into three regions: the near
ultraviolet, the far ultraviolet, and the extreme ultraviolet. The three regions are distinguished
by how energetic the ultraviolet radiation is, and by the "wavelength" of the ultraviolet light,
which is related to energy.

The near ultraviolet, abbreviated NUV, is the light closest to optical or visible light. The
extreme ultraviolet, abbreviated EUV, is the ultraviolet light closest to X-rays, and is the most
energetic of the three types. The far ultraviolet, abbreviated FUV, lies between the near and
extreme ultraviolet regions. It is the least explored of the three regions.