0 - Epjj - Guidelines On Final Year Project For FHS Undergraduate Programmes

Guidelines on Final Year Project for
Faculty of Health Sciences

Undergraduate Programmes

Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
2012
Guidelines on Final Year Project for Faculty of Health Sciences

Undergraduate Programmes
Introduction
The final year project is an in-depth study of a contemporary health science issue that allows
the student to demonstrate their knowledge and application of the principles of research at an
undergraduate level.
This manuscript provides information on the scope of the project and what students should
aim to achieve, how to plan the project, important considerations, and what assessors will be
looking for.
At the same time, this manuscript also serves as a resource for supervisors who work with
students and provide advice during the progression of their project, and also for assessors
who examine the final product.
Aims and outcomes of the final year project course
The final year project course is a research based subject intended to familiarise students with
research in the related settings using scientific methods. The student will perform relevant
tasks that involve design of research problem, and data gathering and interpretation. Students
will be able to relate the research finding with the area of knowledge and able to recommend
solution to address the problems. These activities will ultimately lead to writing up and
submission of a project report and project presentation
On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

1.
Formulate research problems, gather relevant data, perform data analysis and interpret
results.
2.
Correlate research findings with health setting and theories learned.
3.
Apply information obtained from the research project to effectively write up a report
according to the guidelines.
4.
Communicate and defend research findings in the form of a presentation.
1.
Final Year Project
1.1
What is a Final Year Project?
The penultimate experience for students enrolled in the undergraduate programmes in the
Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), is the final year
project. The final year project comprises an in-depth study of a contemporary issue relevant
to the field in which the students have been studying. There are many possible options for
the final year project. These are just a few suggestions:
The students may design an experimental laboratory research study and collect and
analyse original data
The students may design a clinical area research study and collect and analyse
original data
The students may analyse an existing clinical data set in order to answer a research
question
The students may do a systematic review to document in detail, and evaluate the
implementation of a programme/ protocol in your field eg health services delivery,
best practice /clinical guidelines, professional education program development.
The students are expected to demonstrate their ability to:
identify and define a significant issue
systematically collect relevant, up-to-date information about the issue
analyse, interpret and discuss the information
draw conclusions and make recommendations
write a report in accordance with academic standards as required at undergraduate level.
In other words, the students need to demonstrate that they understand research methods and
that they are able to think critically.
The individual FHS degree programme the students are undertaking has specifications on the
length of the final year project. The students will need to discuss this with their project
supervisor. The length of the project is generally in the order of 10,000 to 12,000 words, and
should not exceed 15,000 words.
1.2
Choosing and working with a Project Supervisor
When the students have selected a suitable topic, they should draft a proposal (one to two
pages) outlining the problem to be addressed, project aims and suggested methodology, and
send it to the individual programmes Project Management Group/ Project Coordinator to
assist in selecting a supervisor. The students may wish to suggest a supervisor. Alternatively
the students may request the help of the program coordinator to suggest a supervisor with
expertise in the students area of research, and to confirm with the nominated supervisor that
they are available (if the students have not already made contact).
With the help of their supervisor, the students will need to refine their project proposal using
the facultys Ethical Committee forms. The students will not be allowed to enrol in the final
year project without a proposal that has been approved by their supervisor and the Project
Management Group/ Project Coordinator.
1.3
The role of the supervisor
The supervisor is expected to:
Help the students formulate an appropriate project proposal and outline of the project
report
Meet regularly with the students to support their research/project work (supervisor would
normally expect to meet with students for an average of two (2) hour per week)
Inform the students and the Program Co-ordinator/Project Management Group/ Project
Coordinator if the students are not making satisfactory progress and/or require additional
support
provide ongoing assessment of the students work throughout the period of supervision
including advice on matters of presentation and style
supply written comments on the students submitted work when requested
review a final draft of the project report and advise the students whether it is in a suitable
form for examination
act as one of two examiners
1.4
The role of a co-supervisor

A co-supervisor may be required in cases where:
o there is a need for special expertise in the subject matter, or
o the student is undertaking the final year project at Malaysian Ministry of Health
(MOH) institutions or facilities, or at any other places outside UiTMs jurisdictions.
A student must not engage a co-supervisor, without the approval of his/her supervisor.
The co-supervisor does not need to have an academic appointment with UiTM, but he or
she must be approved by the students supervisor as having expertise in the field of the
students study.
The co-supervisor should maintain a level of communication with the student and the
supervisor in order to participate in the supervision or act as substitute for the supervisor
whenever necessary.
1.5
The students responsibilities
The students are expected to:
Submit the ethical forms to the facultys Research Ethical Committee, one semester
before registering for the Final Year Project (HPY590) course
Schedule regular meetings (average two hour per week) with their supervisor or arrange
regular contact (by phone, fax, email or writing) if the students are away from the
university.
Advise their supervisor and suspend enrolment for a stipulated period if for some valid
reason they are unable to proceed with the final year project for the time being.
Submit the final year project report in accordance with the requirements set out by
facultys guideline and within the time of normal candidature of the degree (it is
generally a good idea to submit sections of your report as you are proceeding with your
project so your supervisor can check your progress and writing is progressing
satisfactorily)
Familiarise themself with all relevant sources of information including the UiTM
Undergraduate Academic Regulations Handbook, which incorporate university rules and
procedures and information for undergraduate students
Be aware of UiTMs policy regarding academic misconduct, set out on the Academic
Regulations Handbook.
1.6
Proposal Guidelines
Project proposal must be submitted, using the facultys Ethical Committee forms, to the
programmes Project Management Group/ Project Coordinator, for pre-approval and
assignment of supervisors, prior to full approval from the facultys Ethical Committee. The
forms must be submitted to the committee, ONE (1) semester before registering for the Final
Year Project (HPY590) course. Types of research that can be done include:
1. experimental laboratory studies,
2. clinical area research,
3. systematic review,
The Ethical Committee forms are in the appendices.
1.7
Ethical Considerations and Ethics Applications
This is an important consideration, which must be addressed in the students project proposal.
Many projects involve collection of health and personal data from patients, medical records,
or members of the public, and this will invariably involve issues of privacy, consent, and
confidentiality.
There is always the potential for conflict of interest between the need for scientific rigour in
epidemiological investigation, and obtaining data which may be sensitive, private or
confidential, or obtaining it in a way that is potentially harmful to a study subject or the
community.
The degree to which the students need to consider these issues and the extent of the
precautions the students need to take in the conduct of their research, should be discussed
with a more experienced researcher or your own project or course supervisor. You are
required to submit a formal application to the facultys ethics committee, using the stipulated
forms. There are six (6) sets of forms for the Ethical Committee that must be submitted.
Submission of forms must be done by the students directly to the committees secretariat. The
secretariat will inform the students the date for the Project to be presented to the committee
for approval.
1.8
Registration with NMRR
Student must register with NMRR/CRC via online at https://www.nmrr.gov.my. Login is via
Public user Login. Please select your supervisors name from NMRR list of researcher
database.
1.9
Surat Pekeliling KKM Bil 9 2007
This is the circular from Malaysian Ministry of Health (MOH) regarding conducting research
in MOH institution or facilities. Please see Appendices. This circular can also be
downloaded from NMRR website at:
https://www.nmrr.gov.my/doc/001%20Surat%20Pekeliling%20KKM%20Bil%209_2007.pdf
1.10
NIH Guidelines for Conducting Research in MOH Institution and Facilities
Please see Appendices. This guideline can also be downloaded from NMRR website at:
https://www.nmrr.gov.my/doc/01_NIH_Guidelines_for_Conducting_Research_in_MOH_v2
_2_03March2008.pdf
2.
Project Write-Up Format
2.1
Technical Specification
2.1.1 Length of Thesis
As a general guideline, the length of a Project write-up is a minimum of
10,000 words but must not exceed 15,000 words (excluding appendices)
2.1.2
Typing and Printing

Microsoft Word programme should be used for typing. All final copies of the
write-up should be printed on a laser printer for quality printing.
2.1.3
Typeface, Typing Quality

The entire text of the thesis, including headings and page numbers, should be
of the same font or typeface. Either "Times New Roman" or "Courier" could
be used. Whichever font is used, it needs to be used consistently throughout
the thesis. Computer printouts should be clear and of high quality.
2.1.4 Font Size

Text: 12 points (Times New Roman or Courier).
Text should not be scripted or italicized except for:
scientific names,
terms in a different language, and
quotations
Footnotes and text tables should not be less than 8 points.

Chapter Heading: 14 points (bold)
Headings and subheadings within the chapter: 12 points (bold)
2.1.5 Symbols or Special Characters/Notations not found on the Computer
Keyboard
These should be drawn in black ink with a mechanical guide.
2.1.6 Margins
Margin specifications are meant to facilitate binding and trimming. The
stipulated margins for the general text are as follows:
Top edge
: 3.0 cm
Right side
: 2.5 cm
Left side
: 4.0 cm
Bottom edge
: 3.0 cm
All information including text headings, footnote and illustrations should be

within these margins. Note: It is imperative that the page set-up is formatted
accordingly prior to the drafting of the thesis.
2.1.7
Paragraphs
A new paragraph at the bottom of a page must have at least two full lines of
text; if not, it should begin on the next page. All paragraphs should be
justified".
2.1.8 Spacing
Use 1.5 spacing between lines and 3 spaces (1.5 X 2) between paragraphs.
The following, however, should be single-spaced:
2.1.9
explanatory footnotes
quotations longer than three lines in a block
bibliography (except between entries)
multi-line captions (tables, figures, plates)
appendices, such as questionnaires, letters
Pagination
All pages in the preliminary section such as Acknowledgements, Table of
Content etc. should be numbered in consecutive lower case Roman
Numerals (i, ii, iii, iv, etc.), except for the Title page which is suppressed.
All
pages of the
main
text including the references,
bibliography,
appendices, tables and figures should be numbered consecutively in Arabic

numerals (1, 2, and 3).
Page numbers MUST NOT be punctuated, bracketed, hyphenated nor

accompanied by any decorative devices and should be bottom centred.
The position of the page number must be consistent throughout the thesis.
Each appendix should be identified separately using a capital letter

(Appendix A, Appendix B, etc.) on the top centre of the page. No page
numbers are required for the following:
Separator sheets (e.g. separator preceding each Appendix)
Title page
2.1.10 Headings and Subheadings

A systematic scheme of arrangement must be used consistently throughout the
write-up.
2.1.11 Notes and Footnotes
Footnotes, if at all necessary, should be kept to a minimum. The font size used
for notes and footnotes should not be less than 8 points (see 2.1.4)
2.1.12 Tables
Tables must be properly centred on the page within the prescribed margins.
Each table must bear a reference number (in Arabic numeral) and a caption. It
may be useful to group tables in each chapter together and to number them in
sequence. For example, tables found in Chapter 4 should be numbered Table
4.1, Table 4.2, and so on. The word Table, its number and its caption appear
ABOVE the table.
If any table continues to the following or subsequent pages, the top line of the
page reads (for example): Table 16, continued. The caption is not repeated. If
a table is taken from another source, the reference must be cited properly at
the bottom of the table.
2.1.13 Figures and Plates
Figures may be illustrations, graphs, maps, charts and diagrams - in fact,
anything that is neither script nor table. The word Figure, the figure number
(Arabic numeral), and its caption are placed on the same line below the figure.
Only the word Figure and the figure number are italicized and followed by a
period (full-stop). A figure should not normally extend beyond one page. If it
does, the same guidelines as for tables should be followed.
Figures should be grouped and numbered in sequence. For example, Figure

3.1 should be located in Chapter 3.
If a figure is taken from another source, the reference must be cited properly at
the bottom left of the figure.
If any figure continues to the following or subsequent pages, the top line of the
page reads (for example): Figure 16, continued. The caption is not repeated.
Schematic and line diagrams should be drawn with the aid of a computer or
with mechanical aids using black ink on white paper. The same rules apply for
the use of Plates.
Photographs are listed as Plates and should also be numbered in sequence;

example Plate 4.1 should be located in Chapter 4.
2.1.14 Equations and Formulas
Every equation should be numbered according to the chapter where it appears,
example:
F=ma
..... (2.1)
This example refers to the first equation in Chapter 2.
2.2
Layout and Arrangement of Content
Every thesis is composed of three parts:
the preliminary section
the text or main body, usually divided into chapters and sections
the reference materials, usually consisting of references, or
bibliography and appendices
The contents of each part should be arranged in a logical order using sections and subsections, all correctly numbered. The following is an example of how various sections in a
write-up are arranged.
It is recommended that this sequencing be used as a guide; not every write-up includes
all the items listed below.
Table 2.1 Summary of Write-up Arrangement
ITEM
REMARK
Preliminary Section
Blank leaf
Title page
Not paginated but counted as 'i'
Author's Declaration
Paginated as ii
Acknowledgement
Paginated as as iii (continuing lower case Roman numerals on preceding

page pagination): listed in Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Paginated (continuing lower case Roman numeral on preceding page

pagination); listed in Table of Contents
List of Tables

List of Figures

List of Plates

List of Abbreviations and
Glossary
Abstract

Text
Main body (Chapters)
Paginated beginning with page 1 (Arabic numerals)
References and/or
Paginated with the running number continuing from the last page of
Bibliography
the text
Appendices
Insert a leaf (the separator) with

the word 'APPENDICES' in the
centre of the page BUT NOT paginated. Appendices are paginated with the
runninq number continuing from the last page of
the References
Blank leaf
2.3
Title Page
This page should contain the following information:
The name of the University spelt out in full:

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
The title of the thesis.
The title should describe the content of the project accurately and concisely, omitting
words such as An investigation ......, An analysis........ or A study of .... which are
redundant since all projects are investigation, analyses, and studies of one kind or
another. It should be centred and typed using single spacing.
Name of the author must be in Uppercase.
The degree for which the project is submitted is stated in title case. (For example,
Bachelor (Hons) of Physiotherapy, Bachelor (Hons) of Medical Laboratory Technology,
etc.).
The Faculty in which the candidate is registered is spelt out in title case.
The month and year in which the project is submitted for examination.
Note: For the post viva version, the date (month and year) will be changed to the date of
resubmission of the amended project.
2.4
Declaration
The candidate should include on the page before the abstract page, a signed author's
declaration stating the material presented for examination is her/his own work or how far
the work contained in the write-up was the candidate's own work, and stating that the
write-up is not being submitted for any other academic award.
2.5
Acknowledgement
It is normal to include a brief statement of appreciation in recognition of any special

assistance rendered to the candidate during the period of research. It should be typed in
single spacing and should not exceed one page in length.
2.6
Table of Contents
Titles of chapters, headings, and sub-headings must be listed in the Table of Contents
and must be worded exactly as they appear in the body of the thesis.
2.7
List of Tables, Figures and Plates
The numbers and the captions must be listed in the order as they appear in the text.
2.8
List of Symbols, Abbreviations or Nomenclature
If necessary, these lists must appear after the lists of tables, figures, and plates
arranged in alphabetical order.
2.9
Abstract
The abstract should give a brief statement of the research problems, aims of the
research,
methodologies used,
key findings in the context of the whole
study,
and
implications of the study. It should be typed in single spacing and should not exceed
400 words. The abstract is to be placed immediately before the first chapter of the
write up.
3.
Text
The text is made up of a number of chapters. The major chapters of the write-up should
include but not limited to the following:
3.1
Introduction
This section sets forth the rationale, significance, and objectives of the study. It includes
details of the background, statement of the problem, research questions or hypotheses to
be tested, assumptions, limitations, delimitations and the scope of study.
3.2
Literature Review
This section includes a fully-referenced review and discussions of previous studies which are
relevant to the research.
3.3
Research Methods
This section gives a detailed description of the research methods and instruments/materials
used. Experimental methods should be described so that future researchers would have
no difficulty in replicating them. Research methods should include experimental design,
the number of subjects, apparatus etc.
3.4
Results
This section provides the results and analysis of data. The results obtained can be presented
as a series of figures, tables, etc., with descriptive texts and discussions.
3.5
Discussion
This section discusses the results of the study in relation to the hypotheses or the
research questions. It highlights the main findings, their significance and implications. The
results should be interpreted in the light of what is already known and emphasis should be
placed on what the results add to the subject area. Strengths and weaknesses of the results
should be discussed.
3.6
Conclusion and Recommendations
This
section
highlights
the
contribution
of
the
findings
to
new
or
existing
knowledge/applications. It should also discuss the limitations faced in carrying out the
research and the scope for further research based on the results.
Candidates may make changes to the above structure of the thesis according to the nature of
their research.
4.
Reference Materials
4.1
Bibliography
This section begins on a fresh page bearing the heading 'BIBLIOGRAPHY' in capital
letters, centred without punctuation, 3.0 cm from the top. The list of bibliography begins
four spaces below the heading and is single spaced in the same citation but double-spaced
between citations. This list must include all the references that candidates have cited in the
text of the write-up.
It is recommended that students use the APA or Harvard citation styles. A write-up should
use only one citation style that is generally accepted and suits its norm in the field of study.
The selected citation style should be used consistently. Candidates are advised to refer to
the latest conventions of referencing from websites. Samples of the APA and Harvard
referencing styles are given in the appendix section of this handbook.
4.2
Appendices
This section may contain supplementary illustrative materials such as original data,
questionnaires, formulas and quotations too long for inclusion in the text or not immediately
essential to the understanding of the subject. A description of lengthy experimental methods
or the list of names of participants may be included.
This section is separated from the preceding material by a separator sheet bearing the heading
APPENDICES in capital letters (or, if there is only one, APPENDIX), centred without
punctuation. This sheet is not paginated.
This section may be divided into Appendix A, Appendix B, etc. Each appendix with its title
(if it has one) should be listed separately in the Table of Contents as a first order subdivision
under the heading APPENDICES.
Tables and figures in the Appendices must be numbered and captioned and also listed in the
List of Tables and List of Figures in the Preliminary Section.
5.
Writing Convention
5.1
Units of Measure
Internationally recognised abbreviations for units of measure should be used such as:
25 millilitres (25 ml)
33 metric tonnes (33 mt)
15 kilograms (15 kg)
12 grams (12 gm)
4 kilometers (4 km)
6.5 hectares (6.5 hal
57 U.S Dollars (USD57)
The numbers before the units measured should not be spelt out, unless they appear at the
beginning of a sentence.
5.2
Numbers
All numbers less than 10 should be spelt out, unless:
the numbers are part of a series of numbers

o (e.g. The children were aged 2, 6, 7, 12 and 13)
o e.g. The standard deviation for each group were 3, 4, and 15 respectively.)
the numbers are attached to units measured

o (e.g. 8 cm, 25 litres, 27 hectares)
Numerals should be used for double (or more) digit numbers. If a sentence begins with a
number, then the number should be written in words.(e.g. Fifty one people survived the
calamity).
5.3
Elliptical Mark
Ellipses are used to show an omission from quoted material. An ellipsis between a sentence
consists of three space full stops ( ... ). When an ellipsis follows a sentence, it appears as four
full stops ( ... ), where the three full stops signify the omission and the fourth full stop marks
the end of the sentence. e.g. Williams (1996) wrote about the new string of chromosome:
"The new chromosomal composition ... has never been mapped before" (p.21).
5.4
Use of Brackets
Within direct quotations, square brackets are used to enclose any explanatory note inserted by
the researcher.
e.g. This year [1996] alone, 2500 new cases of drug addiction were reported (Aminuddin,
1998).
The candidate should use "sic" within brackets (sic) to indicate factual errors/language
errors or any doubts about meaning that appear in the original. It is used in quotations
to show that the original is being faithfully reproduced even though it is incorrect or
seems to be so.
5.5
Use of Symbols for Percentage
The symbol % may be used in place of per cent, e.g. 25.5% and typed without a space. If
the candidate prefers to spell out the word (25.5 per cent) in full, then consistency should be
maintained throughout the write-up.
5.6
Direct Quotations
Direct quotations should be minimized at all times. Should a write-up written in English
quotes materials directly in another language (e.g. Bahasa Malaysia, Spanish), the candidate
is expected to provide a direct translation, and wherever possible, must synthesize materials
in other languages and paraphrase them in his/her own words. Quotations should be
positioned within quotation marks'. . .'.
Short quotations are quotations with less than 40 words. They are to be written within the text
following the existing double spacing. It is completed with the citation of the reference
which includes the source, year, and page number in parenthesis. A period (full-stop)
appears after the end of the parenthesis.
The following is an example:
... "safety becomes a productivity issue" (Kennedy, 2003, p. 22).
Long quotations are quotations that have 40 and above words. They are to be written (a) in
free-standing block, (b) without quotation marks, and (c) on a new line which are indented
five spaces from the left margin.
Example:
The United States Distance Learning Association (2000) has defined learning as:
Teaching and learning situation
..........................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................. (p. 22)
5.7
Citing references
The following are examples of citing from one author:

Author as part of the text, the year of publication in parenthesis.
Kennedy (2004) further stressed that it is evident ...
Author and year in parenthesis.
..... toward class and other students (Weinstein, 2007)
The following are examples of citing from two authors:

Cite both names each time the reference appears in the text. Do not use et al.
Kennedy and Albert (2004) further stressed that it is evident ...
Authors and year in parenthesis, use the symbol & to separate the authors, followed
by comma to separate the year.
.. .toward class and other students (Weber & John, 2007).
The following are examples of citing from three and more authors:
Cite all the name of the authors the first time you cite.
Diehl, Parks, and Mauro (2006) pointed out ...
Cite the same three and more authors within the same paragraph.
In this situation, cite the first author followed by et al. and exclude the year
Diehl, Parks, and Mauro (2006) pointed out... Diehl et al. also ...
Cite the same three and more authors in subsequent paragraphs.
In this case, cite the first author, et aI., and include the year of publication
Diehl et al. (2006) discovered ...
For each chapter cite the references as if that is the first time you cite.
5.8
Seriation
When there is more than one item to be listed within the paragraph, they must be
listed using a letter in parenthesis with commas in between to separate the items. The
following is an example:
... Oetting (1983) identified three types of anxiety (a) trait, (b) state, and (c) conceptspecific.
In a situation when there is more than one element that has internal commas, semicolons are needed to separate the different elements. The following is an example:
The scores were categorized into four categories (a) 18 - 28, were very relaxed;
(b) 29 - 39; generally relaxed; (c) 40 - 50, mildly anxious; and (d) 62 - 72: very
anxious.
When a listing is presented in a separate paragraph, Arabic numerals followed by a

period (full-stop) are used. The following is an example:
Taylor (2002), and Patrick (2003) summarized culture and refer to as:
1. The total pattern of beliefs, customs, practices, institutions, techniques
and objects ...
2. An integrated and shared pattern of human behaviour that includes
thought, speech ...
3. A way of life which give members in a society a sense of purpose,
identity, meaning, well-being and generates...
6.
Quality and Integrity of Project Write-up
Candidates are reminded that consistency and accuracy of presentation are important.
Careful editing is required in order to ensure that the write-up is free of errors before
submission for examination.
6.1
Plagiarism
Plagiarism is passing off the idea or words of someone else as though they were their
own. It applies equally to the work of other candidates or researchers as well as to other
published and unpublished sources. Candidates are responsible for writing their write-ups in
their own words. Quotations from published or unpublished sources and the sources of any
other materials should be clearly cited and acknowledged.
A systematic style of citation and references must be adhered to. Sources of visual
presentations such as photographs or maps must also be clearly indicated. Candidates are
reminded that UiTM takes a serious view of plagiarism and examiners are empowered to
penalise students found guilty of plagiarism, which may lead to a fail mark in the course or
expulsion or suspension from the programme. Reference should be made to the Academic
Regulations handbook for Undergraduate Students for regulations pertaining to plagiarism
(please refer to clause 2.22.3)
Upon submission of the write-up, the candidate will be asked to insert a signed
'Declaration' declaring that his/her work is original and free of plagiarism. The incorporation
of any material which has been submitted earlier to a degree awarding body is also not
acceptable.
6.2
How to avoid Plagiarism

6.2.1 Copying
Nothing should be copied without explicit acknowledgement as described
below under 'quoting'. This includes copying the work of other
candidates/researchers.
6.2.2
Quoting
Direct quotations (from a book or paper) are entirely acceptable provided
that they are referenced properly using open and close quotation marks.
Sources should be provided in the text, using an acceptable citation style
such as APA (e.g. Smith, 1986, p. 21). Details of the source should be set
out in the Bibliography.
6.2.3
Paraphrasing
A writer paraphrases when he puts someone else's idea into his own
words. Paraphrasing is entirely acceptable provided that it is acknowledged.
A general rule for acceptable paraphrasing is that an acknowledgement be
made in every paragraph. There are many ways in which such
acknowledgements can be made. For example:
... Smith (1996) goes on to argue that ....... , or
... Smith (1996) provides further proof that....
6.2.4 General Indebtedness

This can be a difficult area. If there is any doubt, candidates should cite the
source. If the whole manner in which a candidate thinks about an issue is
drawn primarily from one source, then, the source should be cited. If the
ordering of evidence and argument or the organisation of material reflects one
particular source, then this should be cited. .
6.3
Editing for Accuracy
The responsibility for writing, preparing and submitting the thesis within the stipulated
time period rests with the candidate. The write-up to be submitted for examination should
demonstrate that the student:
1. has engaged in a programme of academic work resulting either in a contribution to
knowledge, or application of existing knowledge;
2. is familiar with the relevant literature and has reviewed it critically;
3. possesses the theoretical and conceptual framework(s) of the study;
4. possesses an understanding of the research methodology, tools utilized and the
subsequent treatment of the data and;
5.
possesses good writing skills and is able to present a substantial body of
information in a clear, concise and comprehensible manner.
A candidate should scrutinise his/her write-up critically in the light of the above criteria and
focus on content, presentation and format. The varying needs of the different disciplines may
demand different lengths of write-up but candidates are well advised to adhere to the format
stipulated by the faculty.
7.
Process of Project Write-up Submission
The write-up is ready to be submitted for examination when the supervisor and the
programme is satisfied with the work done in terms of its suitability from the point of
view of content, presentation, language and format.
The process of write-up submission is mainly administrative in nature, and depends on the
individual programmes.
7.1
Write-up submission
The main supervisor is responsible for ensuring that the student submits loose copies of the
write-up to the individual programmes Project Management Group/Project coordinator. The
student should submit 3 (three) loose-bound copies of the write-up, using spiral-rings. The
full title, the name of the author, the name of the degree, and the year of submission should
be typed on the title page. A soft-copy in the form of a CD, must also be submitted together
with the loose-bound copies.
7.2
Binding the Final Copy (after viva and corrections)
Two hardbound copies should be submitted together with 2 CDs. The Project write-up
should be hardbound in DARK GREEN. All pages should be permanently secured.
7.2.1
Paper
Quality plain white simile paper (80 gm) of A4 size (210 x 297 mm) should
be used for all copies of the write-ups. Text or illustrations should be printed
on only one side of each sheet. Only original, quality printed copies will be
accepted.
7.2.2
Cover Spine
The following particulars should be lettered in gold (direction of text
from head to foot), using 18-point font.
full name of candidate
degree for which the work is submitted
UiTM
.year of submission (after viva)
7.2.3
Cover
Using 18-point font GOLD initial capitals, the following particulars
should be printed on the thesis cover:
1. Universiti Teknologi MARA
2. title of the Project
3. full name of candidate (do not use initials, acronyms or titles)
4. degree for which the work is submitted
5. month and year of submission (date of resubmission of the amended
write-up after viva).
8.
For Examiners
This section is designed for examiners and provides information on general considerations
and assessment criteria for the final year project. It also provides guidance to students about
what examiners will be looking for in examining final year projects.
8.1
The examination
Two examiners assess the project. One of the examiners is usually the supervisor. The
student being assessed is entitled to read the examiners' comments, however the identity of
the second examiner will remain confidential.
The examiners are asked to assess the quality of work as evidenced by the major project
report, and also to comment upon adherence to the report title, literature review, critical
analysis, and skills in scientific writing.
While projects may vary in scope, the examiner may wish to consider the following points:
are the project aims well formulated (eg scope, boundaries, purpose, desired outcomes)?
are the background conditions described in sufficient detail to provide rationale for the
project?
are relevant concepts and empirical findings critically reviewed to draw light on the
subject matter of the project?
are the activities to deal with the stated problems and aims of the study appropriate
(consistent and reflect an adequate amount of effort)?
are the findings and experiences well summarised?
are the lessons derived from the study adequately discussed, and are the implications
related to the candidate's own situation and conditions?
is there evidence of a self-critical approach to the preparation of the project by the

author?
Although the supervisor may pass the project for examination, the second examiner may still
require further corrections.
8.2
Important General Considerations for Examiners
It is important to consider the following principles when assessing a final year project report:
The project is only part of an undergraduate programme and is only equivalent to 4-5%
of the total workload of the degree. It is not equivalent to a Masters degree by research
and the report is not equivalent to a Masters research thesis.
The aims, objectives, scope and design of the project and report will vary according to
the issue being researched, and the constraints of the method and target participants the
student has chosen.
Students will vary in their style of writing, presentation, and grammatical expression, but
a minimum standard that is consistent with academic research at an undergraduate level
should apply.
A minimum standard in terms of the academic conduct of the project should also apply,
and the report should be assessed against the educational aims and objectives of a final
year project as outlined above.
It is not necessary that students will have collected original data, and it is acceptable for a
student to:
o Examine data that has already been collected for a research project that has already
been approved by an appropriate organisation or ethic committee (with the permission
of the organisation or individuals that own the data).
o Examine data that is already in the public domain (with permission or
acknowledgment of the source of the data as appropriate).
o Conduct a quality assurance audit or evaluation (with appropriate ethics approval if
required).
o Conduct or evaluate an intervention or evaluate an existing program (with appropriate
ethics approval if required).
The examiners should have expertise in the area of interest or the methodology being
used.
It may be necessary to seek advice from other academic staff on issues, eg. statistical
analysis or qualitative methodology, if the assessor is not familiar with some aspects of
the project.
Not all projects may require formal ethics committee approval, however the assessors
should assess if all
Appropriate research ethics considerations and processes have been followed in the
planning and conduct of the project.
9.
Assessment Procedure
9.1
Protocol
The Project supervisor will discuss the assessment protocol with the student in detail, if
requested. It may be flexible depending on the type of project. The project will normally be
judged on:
9.1.1 Methodological approach, to include:
a)
Comprehension of task and establishment of project objectives in the

light
9.1.2
b)
of relevant published literature;
c)
Collection, organization, and manipulation of information;
d)
Design and application of appropriate methodology;
Project report includes the ability to:

a)
Discuss the relevant published literature;
b)
Analyse and interpret data;
c)
Discuss logically the basis of the data, and draw justifiable

conclusions;
d)
Explain (if necessary) reasons for not achieving the intended

objectives;
9.2
e)
Suggest areas of further study;
f)
Present a (project report) to a given standard format.
Viva-voce
Some students are likely to be called for a viva voce examination following the marking of
the project, and prior to the final assessment board conferring the degrees. The viva voce
examination will relate purely to the project. Student project logbook/diary will need to be
made available to the markers/examiners.
9.3
Guide to assessment and evaluation of final year project report
Evaluation and assessment consists of three major components, (a) continuous commitment
and efforts, (b) oral presentation and (c) written report. These components will carry
percentages as shown in Table 1.
Table 9.1
Percentage Distribution of Each Item
ITEMS
FINAL PERCENTAGE
Commitment and effort
10%
Oral / Poster Presentation
20%
Written Report/ Write-up
70%
TOTAL
100%
9.4
Items to be assessed and evaluated, and mark distribution

9.4.1 Commitment and Effort
This is a continuous assessment of students' performance in conducting their
project. It is evaluated throughout the semester. It involves the competency of
the students' experimental work, data collection; information gathering etc.,
the frequency in meeting supervisor and the initiative, motivation, dedication,
discipline and creativity will be taken into account (Refer to Table 2).
Table 9.2
Percentage Distribution of Assessment and Evaluation for Commitment and

Effort
ITEMS
MARKS
Commitment and Effort

a) experimental work/data collection/
40%
information gathering
b) Frequency in meeting supervisor
20%
c) Initiative, motivation, dedication,
40%
discipline and creativity

TOTAL
100%
FINAL WEIGHTAGE
10%
9.4.2
Oral/ Poster Presentation

Students are to present their final project results to the panel of assessors and
colleagues in the programme. The purpose is to allow the students to
demonstrate to the examining committee that they have good understanding of
those areas relevant to the project. The students are expected to be able to
defend verbally and have attained a breadth and depth of intellectual
understanding of the subject matter. The student may be questioned on any
aspect of the project and will be asked to elaborate upon or defend issues
arising from the literature review and the research plan contain in the report.
An example of Rubrics for Poster/Oral presentation is shown in Table 9.3 and
9.5.
Table 9.3
Evaluation
Rubrics for Poster Presentation
1- Poor
2 -Weak
3-Good
4-Very Good
5-Exceptional
ACCESSIBILITY
Scope too broad
Scope too broad or too
Reasonable scope and
Good scope &
Exceptional scope
How accessible is
or too narrow;
narrow OR lacks depth
depth; lapses into
depth without
& depth; a true
the presentation to
lacks depth; AND
OR uses too much
detail that may not be
losing the audience
learning
educate viewers
uses too much
technical language/
accessible to the
in technical detail; a
experience;
from a range of
technical
jargon
audience
good learning
exceeds
background
language/ jargon
experience
expectations
THESIS
No clear statement
Incomplete or
Clear and concise
Clear, concise.
How well was the
offered
unfocused
Categories
Score
(1-5)
Reasonably clear
Engaging, and
thought provoking
central issue
identified
ORGANISATION
No clear
Evidence of some
Ideas presented in
Presented in logical
Exceptional
How well organized
information
organization but not in
logical sequence;
&interesting ways;
organization in
was the poster
sequence; very
an optimal order;
reasonably easy to
easy to follow but
light of the fact
difficult to follow
difficult to follow
follow
not oversimplified
that the topic is
EVIDENCES
No appropriate
Some evidence
Evidence used to
Evidence well
Well chosen,
How well was
evidence was
present, but is either
support the central
chosen & detailed;
detailed, rich;
evidence used to
presented to
insufficient or not
claims are well chosen
connection between
highly compelling;
support the works
support the
clearly supportive of
with some degree of
argument &
opposing evidence
main claims
presentations
the main claims
detail
evidence is clear;
considered and
opposing evidence
refuted
complex
central claims
considered
CONCLUSION
No apparent
Conclusions are
Brings closure with
Synthesizes the
Synthesizes; brings
How well did the
conclusions; no
restatements of
some synthesis but
work; brings
closure; conveys
work draw
discussion of
previous statements
does not address
closure; allude
real implications;
conclusions
implications
implications
(make indirect
suggest new
reference) to
perspectives
broader
implications
LAYOUT/
Poster is far too
Too crowded or too
A bit too crowded; not
Well laid out;
Perfectly laid out;
GRAPHICS
crowded or much
sparse; graphics lack
all graphics add value;
graphics add value;
graphics are
How well did the
too sparse; no
clear value; several
minor redundancies
no redundancies
professional
author use the space
graphics
redundancies
quality; highly

allocated
polished work
CLARITY/
Many unclear or
Some unclear/
Mostly clear, with few
Clear and coherent
Exceptionally
MECHANICS
ungrammatical
ungrammatical texts;
lapses; one or two
texts; error free
logical and well
How clear and
texts; many
some errors/ typos
errors/ typos
error-free was the
errors/typos
written texts; error

free
text
ENGAGEMENT
Not at all
Minimally
Moderately
Consistently
Exceptionally
Overall, how well

did the poster
engage viewers
TOTAL SCORE
/
40
The poster presentation can also be assessed using the following marking scheme:
Table 9.4
Marking scheme for Poster Presentation
ELEMENTS
Scheme
1: Barely satisfactory, 2: Satisfactory, 3: Good,
4: Excellent, 5: Outstanding
1
2
3
4
5
Clarity of Research
Is the rationale for the project clearly stated?
Are the results & conclusions clear?
Does the presentation make you confident that the author understands what he has
been working on & why its important?
Oral Presentation
Does the author verbally present his research in a way thats easy to understand?
Is the author able to answer questions about the work?
Clarity of Presentation
Is the wording of the text clear?
Has the author chosen the appropriate parts of his research to include on the poster?
Integration of Text and Graphics
Are the parts that should be in graphic form in graphic form?
Are the parts that should be in text form in text form?
Are bulleted or numbered lists used appropriately?
Do the text and graphics support each other?
Ease of Viewing
Is the layout of the poster conducive to your viewing & understanding the research?
Can you easily read the text?
Can you easily make out the graphics?
Are figures and tables properly labeled?
Score
Total scores
/75 (20 %)
Table 9.5
CATEGORY
Rubrics for Oral Presentation
Exceptional (5 pts)
Very Good (4 pts)
Good (3 pts)
Weak/Poor (2-1 pts)
Points
(1-5)
Effectiveness
Project includes all
Project includes most
Project is missing more
Project is lacking several
material needed to gain a
material needed to gain a
than two key elements. It
key elements and has
comfortable
comfortable understanding
would make an incomplete
inaccuracies that make it
understanding of the
of the material but is
study guide.
a poor study guide.
topic. It is a highly
lacking one or two key
effective study guide.
elements. It is an adequate
study guide.
Sequencing of
Information is organized
Most information is
Some information is
There is no clear plan for
Information
in a clear, logical way. It
organized in a clear,
logically sequenced. There
the organization of
is easy to anticipate the
logical way. One card or
are sections where
information.
type of material that
item of information seems
information is not clear
might be on the next
out of place.
and concise.
slide.
Content -
All content throughout
Most of the content is
The content is generally
Content is typically
Accuracy
the presentation is
accurate but there is one
accurate, but some pieces
confusing or contains
accurate. There are no
piece of information that
of information are clearly
more than one factual
factual errors.
might be inaccurate.
flawed or inaccurate.
error.
All requirements are met
All requirements are met.
One requirement was not
More than one
completely met.
requirement was not
Requirements
and exceeded.
completely met.
Use of Graphics
All graphics are
A few graphics are not
All graphics are attractive
Several graphics are
attractive (size and
attractive but all support
but a few do not seem to
unattractive and detract
colors) and support the
the theme/content of the
support the theme/content
from the content of the
theme/content of the
presentation.
of the presentation.
presentation.
Content is well
Uses headings or bulleted
Content is logically
There was no clear or
organized using headings
lists are organized, but the
organized for the most
logical organizational
or bulleted lists to group
overall organization of
part.
structure, just lots of
related material.
topic appears flawed.
Source information
Source information
Source information
Very little or no source
collected for all graphics,
collected for all graphics,
collected for graphics,
information was
facts and quotes. All
facts and quotes. Most
facts and quotes, but not
collected.
documented in desired
format.
format.
format.
Presenter was fully
Presenter was prepared but
Presenter was not prepared
Presenter did not know
prepared and had
had to check
in their
their
an excellent working
notes occasionally. Was
presentation. Read from
material. Read from
knowledge of
above average
notes and the
notes/slides with
the material. Good eye
in presentation skills.
slide with little eye contact
no eye contact to
to audience
audience
presentation.
Organization
Sources
Execution
contact and
facts.
flow.
Point Totals (40)
9.4.3
Written Report
Students are required to submit their written reports to be evaluated by the
supervisor. An example of rubrics for Project Report is as in Table 9.6.
Table 9.6
Criteria
Rubrics for Project Report/Write-Up
Exceptional
Very Good
Good
Weak/Poor
Points
(5 pts)
(4 pts)
(3 pts)
(2-1 pts)
(1-5)
Purpose and
The writer's central
The writing has a clear
The central purpose or
The purpose or argument
Objectives
purpose or argument is
purpose or argument, but
argument is not
is generally unclear.
readily apparent to
may sometimes
consistently clear
the reader.
deviate from it.
throughout the paper.
Balanced presentation of
Information provides
Information supports a
Central purpose or
relevant and legitimate
reasonable support for a
central purpose or
argument is not clearly
information that clearly
central purpose or
argument at times.
identified. Analysis is
supports a central purpose
argument and displays
Analysis is basic or
vague or not evident.
or argument and shows a
evidence of a basic
general. Reader gains
Reader is confused or
thoughtful, in-depth
analysis of a significant
few insights.
may be misinformed.
analysis of
topic. Reader gains some
a significant topic. Reader
insights.
Content
gains important insights.

Organization
The ideas are arranged
The ideas are arranged
In general, the writing is
The writing is not
logically to support the
logically to support the
arranged logically,
logically organized.
purpose or argument.
central purpose or
although occasionally
Frequently, ideas
They flow smoothly
argument. They are
ideas fail to make
fail to make sense
from one to another and
usually clearly linked to
sense together. The
together. The reader
are clearly linked to each
each other. For the most
reader is fairly clear
cannot identify a
other. The reader can
part, the reader can follow
about what writer
line of reasoning and
follow the line of
the line of reasoning.
intends.
loses interest.
The writing is compelling.
The writing is generally
The writing is dull and
The writing has little
It hooks the reader and
engaging, but has some dry
unengaging. Though the
personality. The reader
sustains interest
spots. In general, it is
paper has some
quickly loses interest and
throughout.
focused and keeps the
interesting parts, the
stops reading.
reader's attention.
reader finds it difficult to
reasoning.
Feel
maintain interest.
Tone
The tone is consistently
The tone is generally
The tone is not
The tone is
professional and
professional. For the most
consistently professional
unprofessional. It is not
appropriate for an
part, it is appropriate
or appropriate for an
appropriate for an
academic research paper.
for an academic research
academic research
academic research paper.
paper
paper.
Sentence
Sentences are well-phrased
Sentences are well-phrased
Some sentences are
Errors in sentence
Structure
and varied in length and
and there is some variety in
awkwardly constructed
structure are frequent
structure. They flow
length and structure. The
so that the reader is
enough to be a major
smoothly from one to
flow from sentence to
occasionally distracted.
distraction to the reader
another.
sentence is generally
smooth.
Table 9.6, continued

Word Choice
Word choice is
Word choice is generally
Word choice is merely
Many words are used
consistently precise and
good. The writer often
adequate, and the range
inappropriately,
accurate.
goes beyond the generic
of words is limited.
confusing the reader.
word to find one more
Some words are used
precise and effective.
inappropriately.
Grammar,
The writing is free or
There are occasional
The writing has many
There are so many errors
Spelling,
almost free of errors.
errors, but they don't
errors, and the reader is
that meaning is
Writing
represent a major
distracted by them
obscured. The reader is
Mechanics
distraction or obscure
confused and stops
(punctua-tion,
meaning.
reading.
italics,
capitalization,etc.
Length
Paper is the number of
Paper has more or fewer
pages specified in the
pages than specified in
assignment.
the assignment.
Use of
Compelling evidence from
Professionally legitimate
Although attributions are
References are seldom
References
professionally legitimate
sources that support claims
occasionally given,
cited to support
sources is given to support
are generally present and
many statements seem
statements.
claims. Attribution is clear
attribution is, for the
unsubstantiated.
and fairly represented.
most part, clear and fairly
The reader is confused
represented.
about the source of

information and ideas
Quality of
References are primarily
Although most of the
Most of the references
There are virtually no
References
peer-reviewed professional
references are
are from sources that are
sources that are
journals or other approved
professionally legitimate, a
not peer-reviewed and
professionally reliable.
sources (e.g., government
few are questionable (e.g.,
have uncertain
The reader seriously
documents, agency
trade books, internet
reliability. The reader
doubts the value of the
manuals). The reader is
sources, popular
doubts the accuracy of
material and stops
confident that the
magazines). The reader is
much of the material
reading.
information and ideas can
uncertain of the reliability
presented.
be trusted.
of some of the sources.
Use of Most
APA or Harvard format is
APA or Harvard format is
There are frequent errors
Format of the document
Recent Edition
used accurately and
used with minor errors
in APA or Harvard
is not recognisable as
of the
consistently in the paper
format.
APA or Harvard.
Publication
and on the "References"
Manual of the
page
American
Psycho-logical
Association
(APA)
or
Harvard
TOTAL
/60
The Project write-up can also be assessed using the following marking
scheme:
Table 9.7
Marking Scheme for Project write-up
ITEMS
WEIGHTAGE (%)
Synopsis (5)
Description of methods and findings
Overall structure , Organization and Quality(10)
Format and layout
Clarity and neatness
Attractiveness of presentation
Language, spelling , grammar and syntax
Tables of content
Introduction and Literature review(10)
Significance of study and depth of coverage
10
Materials and methods(10)
Methodology designs
Innovativeness and creativity
Results(20)
Data presentation ( tables, charts , graphs)
10
Data statistical analysis
Logic and sensible findings
Discussion(25)
Highlight results and explanation
10
Logic and sensible reasoning
10
Relate and compare to other studies
Conclusion and recommendations( 10)
Summary
Suggestions for further research
References ( 10)
Format
Number of journals ( min 10)
TOTAL SCORE
FINAL %
100
70 %
MARKS
9.4.5
Assessment of a Systematic Review as a final year project

Assessing a final year project report that consists of a systematic review
should cover the following objectives:
The review is comprehensive in its scope and depth, in that the review
should encompass :
o historical and current sources
o local, national and international sources
o a variety of types of sources such as journal articles, monographs,
symposium and conference reports, government reports, and peer or
scientifically valid on-line sources
The review addresses a current and important issue, and asks a specific
research question that is clearly defined, is related to health sciences, and
that will add to current scientific knowledge about the issue.
The review also includes a discussion, conclusion and recommendations

in relation to the purpose or the research question posed by the review.
The student uses a comprehensive method in their literature search such as

current relevant databases, and organisations such as the Cochrane
Foundation.
The minimum length should be the same as a normal final year project,
between 10,000 and 15,000 words. The number of references will vary but as
an estimate should be about 80 to 100 references.
9.5
Inconsistency between examiners
Generally, if one examiner assesses the report as Satisfactory and the other as any category
of Not satisfactory, the report cannot be passed as it is. The student should make the
recommended revisions and re-submit one copy for re-examination. If the two assessments
are widely disparate, e.g. one is Very satisfactory and the other is Not satisfactory, and
requires major changes, the program co-ordinator may ask a third examiner who has expertise
in the area of interest to assess the report. The third examiner should assess whether the
report has been unduly over or under assessed according to the minimum objectives as
outline in these guidelines. It would be reasonable for the third examiner to find compromise
where possible. If any of the examiners or the student, dispute the third assessment, the
project and examiners reports should be referred to the Head of Centre.
As a summary the grading for the project will contain assessment items as follows:
Table 9.8 Summary of grading for final year project

ITEMS
WEIGHTAGE
(%)
Commitment and / effort
Experimental work / data collection

information gathering
40
Frequency in meeting supervisor
20
Initiative, motivation, dedication,
40
discipline and creativity

TOTAL SCORE
100
FINAL %
10%
Project
70 %
Oral presentation
20 %
Commitment / effort
10 %
FINAL SCORE
100 %
MARKS
APPENDICES
APPENDIX
FHS Ethical Committee Forms
EC/FSK/01/2011/v01
RESEARCH ETHICS COMMITTEE FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
CHECKLIST FOR APPLICANTS
(All forms to be written in English)
1
ITEM
Have you completed and attached:
a.
YES
NO
UNDERGRADUATE :
EC/FSK/01/2011/v01 Checklist for Applicants Form
EC/FSK/02/2011/v01 Checklist Types of Research Form
EC/FSK/03/2011/v01 Ethics Approval Application Form
EC/FSK/04/2011/v01 - Subjects Information Sheet Form
EC/FSK/05/2011/v01 - Subjects Consent Form
b. POSTGRADUATE :
RMI relevant forms (http://ethicsrmi.uitm.edu.my/ethicsrm)
4
5
6
7
Have you obtained the signatures of your project leader/supervisor/cosupervisor/team members?

Have you attached the approval letter from the relevant institutions that
participated in your research project?
Have your projects been vetted at your Department Level?
Submit one (1) one hardcopy of the completed forms (double-sided) and
questionnaire (if applicable) to the Secretariat :
Cik Zahbah Aldurra Rohmat
Executive Officer
Administration Office FSK 6 Level 17
UiTM Puncak Alam
42300 Bandar Puncak Alam
Selangor
8
9
10
11
Tel : 03-32584494
Fax : 03-32584599
Email : aldurra@puncakalam.uitm.edu.my
Have you submitted your application at least ONE (1) week before the
date of meeting?
The presentation must be in English using softcopy of the completed forms
ABOVE.
(about 10 minutes). Briefly explain on issues related to ETHICS ONLY.
i. Supervisor must present for undergraduate application.
ii. Undergraduate students may present their ethical application (in the presence of their
supervisor).
iii. Postgraduate students are required to present their ethical application themselves (in
the presence of their supervisor).
Resubmission of corrected application ABOVE should be submitted within ONE (1) week
from the date of the meeting to the Secretariat.
With effect from: 05th January 2012
EC/FSK/02/2011/v01
Checklist Classification of Research

Research Title
Supervisors Name
Students Name/ID
Faculty
: Faculty of Health Sciences
Part A
Please tick () accordingly:
YES
Does the research involve human subjects [patients or normal people]
Does the research involve human samples
Does the research involve data derived from humans
Does the research use products [biological or non-biological] which will be
tested on humans
Part B
Please tick () your research according to the following:
The research involves making observations without any direct interference with the subject
(non-intrusive or non-invasive), such as research involving the use of personal medical
records;
The research involves interference with the subject ( either ; i.psychological intrusion,
including intrusion on privacy, or, ii. physical invasion).
The research involves interference with subjects via questionnairre (self-administered or
otherwise):
(If YES, please answer PART C)
NO
EC/FSK/02/2011/v01
Part C
Does the questionnaire contain items/questions related to the following :
Please tick () accordingly:
YES
NO
history of contracting sexually transmitted diseases

sexual experience
history of being sexually assaulted
sexual preferences
history of abortion
excessive drinking of alcohol
employment status
home environment
family suicide history
history of abusing the family or being abused by the family
intimacy within the family
psychological conflicts among the family
family make-up/ tree
performance of immoral acts
history of engaging in illegal acts (such as, a minor/underage smoking or a
person's involvement in euthanasia)
suicidal thoughts
parity/ equality
feelings of hatred
meaning of life
feeling of loneliness
religious beliefs
eating behavior
OTHERS (that you might want the committee to consider, please specify)
Reference : USM Website Ethical Research Commitee (Asai et al, 2003 , Ethics in questionnaire-based research ,
Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics 13 (2003), 147-151 Accessed:
(http://www.eubios.info/EJ134/ej134k.htm)
I hereby verify that all the information provided above are TRUE.
Supervisors signature
________________________________
Name:
Date:
EC/FSK/02/2011/v01
Borang EC/FSK/03/2011/v01

Universiti Teknologi MARA
KAMPUS PUNCAK ALAM
42300 BANDAR PUNCAK ALAM
SELANGOR
Tel: 03 32584494, Faks: 03 32584599
Borang Permohonan Kelulusan Etika Application Form for Ethics Approval
Jawatankuasa Etika Penyelidikan Research Ethics Committee Faculty of Health Sciences
Permohonan ini dikemukakan untuk tujuan kelulusan isu-isu Etika sahaja. Sila lampirkan salinan kertas
cadangan penyelidikan.
This application is for the purpose of obtaining approval for ethical issues only.Please attach a copy of
Research Proposal
BAHAGIAN A: Maklumat ringkas projek Part A : Brief Details of Project
Tajuk Projek :
Title of Project :
Nama Ketua
Projek/Penyelia/Penyelia
Bersama:
Name of Project
Leader/Supervisor/CoSupervisor:
Nama Pelajar/No. Pelajar

Student Name/Student ID :
Bidang Pengkhususan :
Area of Specialisation :
Alamat Jabatan dan Hospital/
Institut:
Affiliation :
No Telefon/ E-mail :
Contact No/ E-mail :
Kelulusan Peringkat Jabatan/Penyelia/ Approval at Departments Level/Supervisor/Co-Supervisor

Ulasan Comments
Tandatangan Signature
Cop rasmi
Official stamp
Tarikh
Date
Ketua Jabatan / Ketua

Projek/Penyelia/Penyelia Bersama
KJ/ Supervisor/Co-Supervisor
BAHAGIAN B: Protokol Projek Part B : Project Protocol

1.
Latar belakang: Background

(Keterangan ringkas tentang masalah yang dikaji dan penyemakan literatur
untuk menyokong keterangan tentang masalah yang dikaji. Sila lampirkan
sekiranya ruang tidak mencukupi)
A brief explanation of the problem to be studied and literature review to support. Please
append if more space is required.
Rujukan: Reference
2.
Objektif dan Justifikasi Projek Penyelidikan Dijalankan:

Objectives and Justifications for the Project to be carried out :
3.
Faedah Yang Dijangka:

Expected Benefits :
4.
Jangkamasa Projek:
Timeframe of the Project :
5.
Lokasi Projek Penyelidikan Dijalankan:

Location where the Project will be carried out :
6.
Keterangan bagaimana hasil kajian akan digunakan:

Explain how the results will be used :
7.
Kaedah Penyelidikan: (Sila terangkan perkara-perkara berikut)

Experimental : (Please explain the following)
7.1
Rekabentuk kajian, metodologi yang diguna:

Experimental design and methodology :
7.2
Saiz sampel, kriteria pemilihan:

Sample size and selection criteria :
7.3
Pembahagian kumpulan ujian dan kontrol; dan ciri-ciri kohort atau sampel
dan jenis kontrol:
Division of test and control groups, cohort properties or samples, and type of control :
7.4
Pemerosesan data dan penganalisaan statistical:

Data processing and statistical analysis :
[Sila lampirkan contoh lembaran maklumat subjek dan borang persetujuan subjek]
Please attach examples of Subject Information Sheet and Subject Consent Form
Bahagian C: Peruntukan Part C : Research grant

Geran projek:
Ada/ Tiada
Project Grant :
Already obtained/ Not obtained yet
Jika ada, nyatakan yang berikut:

If obtained, please state :
Jumlah peruntukan
Total allocation :
Jangkamasa peruntukan :
Duration of grant :
Bahagian D: Pengesahan persetujuan menjalankan projek penyelidikan

Part D : Agreement to conduct the research project
Mesti dipenuhi dan ditandatangani oleh semua ahli kumpulan penyelidikan

Must be completed and signed by all members of the research group
1. Ketua Projek/Penyelia Project Leader/Supervisor

Nama:
Name
Jawatan/ kepakaran:
Position/ Specialisation
Jabatan
Affiliation
No. Tel
(o)
Tandatangan:
(h/p)
Tarikh Date
Signature
2. Penyelidik bersama Co-supervisor
Nama:
Name
Jawatan/ kepakaran:
Jabatan
Affiliation
No. Tel
(o)
Tandatangan:
(h/p)
Tarikh Date
Signature
3. Penyelidik bersama Co-supervisor
Nama:
Name
Jawatan/ kepakaran:
Jabatan
Affiliation
No. Tel
Tandatangan:
(o)
(h/p)
Tarikh Date
Signature
EC/FSK/04/2011/v01
Subjects Information sheet
(Please state research title)
Introduction of Study
(Please do not include citation and not to copy paste from literature review. Simplify
and summarize using in your own).
Purpose of the Study
Study Procedure
Participation in the Study

Your participation in this study is entirely voluntary. You may refuse to take part in the
study or you may withdraw yourself from participation in the study at anytime without
penalty.
Benefit of the Study
Information obtained from this study will benefit the researchers, Government of
Malaysia, doctors and individuals for the advancement of knowledge and practice of
medicine in future.
If you have any question about this study or your rights please contact the supervisors
name, ___________________________at telephone no. __________________.
Confidentiality
All information will be kept confidential by the investigators and will not be made public
unless disclosure is required by law.
By signing this consent form, you will authorize the review of records, analysis and use
of the data arising from this study.
EC/FSK/05/2011/v01
_____________________________________________________________________
Consent Form
To become a subject in the research, you or your legal guardian must sign this
Consent Form.
I herewith confirm that I have met the requirement of age and am capable of acting on
behalf of myself /* as a legal guardian as follows:
* I understand the nature and scope of the research being undertaken.
* I have read and understood all the terms and conditions of my participation in
the research.
* All my questions relating to this research and my participation therein have
been answered to my satisfaction.
* I voluntarily agree to take part in this research, to follow the study procedures
and to provide all necessary information to the investigators as requested.
* I may at any time choose to withdraw from this research without giving
reasons.
* I have received a copy each of the Subjects Information Form and Consent
Form.
* Except for damages resulting from negligent or malicious conduct of the
researcher(s), I hereby release and discharge UiTM and all participating
researchers from all liability associated with, arising out of, or related to my
participation and agree to hold them harmless from any harm or loss that may
be incurred by me due to my participation in the research.
_____________________________________________________________________
Name of subject/Legal guardian
Signature
_____________________________________________________________________
I.C No
Date
_____________________________________________________________________
Name of witness
Signature
_____________________________________________________________________
I.C No
Date
* Delete whichever is not applicable
EC/FSK/06/2011/v01
SUMMARY OF CORRECTIONS
Research Title
Supervisors Name
Students Name/ID
Faculty
: Faculty of Health Sciences
Date
:
Issues Raised for Corrections
Ammendments (state page and section)
I hereby acknowledge and confirm that all the necessary ammendments and corrections as required by
the Ethical Comittee have been carried out and incorporated in the RELEVANT FORMS.
Supervisors signature
.....................................
Name :
Date
APPENDIX
Surat Pekeliling KKM
APPENDIX
NIH Guidelines to conducting research in
MOH institutions or facilities
NIH Guidelines for Conducting Research in the MOH Institutions & Facilities
Draft Versi 2.1 27 August 2007
NIH GUIDELINES FOR CONDUCTING RESEARCH IN THE MOH

INSTITUTIONS AND FACILITIES
This guideline document describes the Ministry of Health (MOH) policies
governing the conduct of research in MOH institutions and facilities. The policy
statements in this guideline are derived from a review of all existing circulars and
web documents issued by the MOH [1-14], though where necessary, the
guideline updates these policies in the light of recent changes in international
practice on research ethics and regulation. The use of information technology to
facilitate the research review and approval process is also included.
Policy statements
1 All research require prior registration with and approval by the MOH.
All research undertaken by Ministry of Health (MOH) personnel OR conducted in MOH
facilities OR funded by MOH research grant shall require:
a. Prior registration with the National Medical Research Register of the MOH. The
registration is conducted online at www.nmrr.gov.my
b. Prior approval by the MOH, as follows
Investigator must sign an Investigator Agreement and obtain approval from his or
her Head of Department (Refer template document 1 in Appendix)
Investigator should then submit the proposed research to the National Institute of
Health (NIH) for review and approval. Submission to NIH is conducted online at
www.nmrr.gov.my
Successful submission will be granted approval by the NIH in writing in the form of
an Institutional Approval document (Refer template document 2 in Appendix)
In addition, for research where a party external to the MOH is involved, a formal
research agreement or MOU between the NIH and the external party is also
required (Refer current template Research Agreement or MOU document issued
by the NIH).
2 Research involving human subjects require prior ethics review and approval by
the MOH Research and Ethics Committee (MREC)
A human subject (in the context of research) is a living individual about whom an
investigator obtains either data through intervention (eg. Clinical trial) or interaction
(eg questionnaire in health survey) with the individual, or identifiable private
information [15]
Submission to MREC for ethics review and approval is conducted online at
www.nmrr.gov.my
3 Research publications
All publications, whether in the form of research reports, journal articles or conference
proceedings, arising of research undertaken by Ministry of Health (MOH) personnel
OR conducted in MOH facilities OR funded by MOH research grant, shall require prior
review by the NIH, and subsequent approval by the Director General of Health
NIH Guidelines for Conducting Research in the MOH Institutions & Facilities
Draft Versi 2.1 27 August 2007
Reference
1. Surat Pekeliling Ketua Pengarah Kesihatan Malaysia Bil. 2 Tahun 1992.
Pusat Penyerahan Penerbitan Kementerian Kesihatan.
menerbitkan prosiding/laporan Seminar dan bengkel Sebagai Isu tambahan
kepada Buletin IMR
Pemberian Maklumat dan Data Kementerian Kesihatan
Perjanjian Susunan Authors
Permohoan Menerbit Hasil Penyelidikan
Garispanduan Pelaksanaan Penyelidikan di bawah Progarm Latihan
Perubatan 2 July 2002 (119)dlm.KKM/JTP/Jld.15
7. RESEARCH COMMITTEES: http://www.imr.gov.my/researchmgt
8. MANAGEMENT OF RESEARCH IN THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH (MOH):
http://www.imr.gov.my/researchmgt
9. APPLICATION TO CONDUCT RESEARCH USING FACILITIES OF THE
MINISTRY OF HEALTH, MALAYSIA: http://www.imr.gov.my/researchmgt
10. Application for IRPA Research Grants: http://www.imr.gov.my/researchmgt
11. Application for MOH Research Grants: http://www.imr.gov.my/researchmgt
12. PERMISSION
TO
PUBLISH
RESEARCH
FINDINGS:
http://www.imr.gov.my/researchmgt
13. Guideline on the Approval of Application to conduct research by local
university undergraduates and postgraduates using Ministry of health
facilities: http://www.imr.gov.my/researchmgt
14. Guidelines for Application to Conduct Drug-Related Clinical Trials in Malaysia
(2nd edition).
15. Code of Federal Regulations. Title 45-Department of Health and Human
Services; Part 46-Protection of Human subjects. Updated 1 Oct 1997.
Available at: www4.law.cornell.edu/cfr
Versi 2.0 Tarikh: 15 Feb 2008
INVESTIGATORS AGREEMENT, HEAD OF DEPARTMENTS AND INSTITUTIONAL

APPROVAL
PERSETUJUAN PENYELIDIK, PENGESAHAN KETUA JABATAN DAN INSTITUSI
This document is intended for online submission for purpose of formal research review and approval. It is to be used in
lieu of other equivalent manually printed document such as Borang JTP/KKM 1-2 and Borang JTP/KKM 3. After
completing the form below and obtaining the required signatures, please scan this document and submit online.
Dokumen ini adalah untuk penghantaraan atas talian (online) mengikut prosedur rasmi semakan dan persetujuan
penyelidikkan. Borang ini dikeluarkan sebagai gantian dokumen kebenaran manual yang serupa seperti Borang
JTP/KKM 1-2 dan Borang JTP/KKM 3. Selepas melengkapkan borang di bawah dan mendapatkan tanda tangan yang
diperlukan, sila imbaskan dokumen ini dan hantar atas talian.
Research Title:
[Tajuk Penyelidikan]
Protocol Number if available: [Nombor Protokol jika ada]
Investigator agreement [Persetujuan penyelidik]
I have understood the above titled proposed research and I agree to participate in the research as an investigator.
Saya faham cadangan penyelidikan yang bertajuk di atas dan saya bersetuju mengambil bahagian dalam projek
tersebut sebagai penyelidik
Name of Investigator [Nama Penyelidik]
IC number [Nombor KP]
Institution [Institusi]
Signature & Official stamp

[Tandatangan dan Cop Rasmi]
Date [Tarikh]
Head of Department Agreement [Persetujuan Ketua Jabatan]
I agree to allow the above named investigator to conduct or to participate in the above titled research
Saya membenarkan pegawai yang bernama di atas untuk menjadi penyelidik dalam projek penyelidikan tersebut di atas.
Name of Head [Nama Ketua]
Name of Department and Institution
[Jabatan dan Institusi]
Date [Tarikh]
Institutional approval [Pengesahan Institusi]
This section maybe omitted if one of the NIH institute is authorized to approve on behalf of institution. Refer NIH for
details [Bahagian ini tidak perlu jika salah satu daripada institusi NIH diberi kuasa pengesahan bagi pihak institusi
tersebut. Rujuk NIH untuk maklumat lanjut]
I agree to allow the investigator(s) named above to conduct or to participate in the above titled research. Where
applicable, I further agree to allow my institution to be one of the sites participating in the research.
Saya membenarkan pegawai yang bernama di atas menjalankan penyelidikan selaku penyelidik dalam projek
penyelidikan tersebut. Jika berkenaan, saya juga membenarkan institusi ini mengambil bahagian dalam projek tersebut.
Name of Director [Nama pengarah]
Name of Institution
[Nama Institusi]
Date [Tarikh]
Versi 2.0 Tarikh: 15 Feb 2008
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HEALTHS APPROVAL FOR CONDUCTING RESEARCH

IN THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH MALAYSIA
PENGESAHAN INSTITUSI PENYELIDIKAN NEGARA UNTUK MENJALANKAN
PENYELIDIKAN DI KEMENTERIAN KESIHATAN
This is an auto computer-generated document. It is issued by one of the research institute under the National
Institutes of Health (NIH). These are the Institute for Medical Research (IMR), Clinical Research Centre
(CRC), Institute of Public Health (IPH), Institute for Health Management (IHM), Institute for Health Systems
Research (IHSR) and Institute for Health Behavioural Research (IHBR).
Dokumen ini adalah cetakan berkomputer. Borang ini dikeluarkan oleh salah satu institusi dibawah National
Institutes of Health (NIH) iaitu Institut Penyelidikan Perubatan (IMR), Pusat Penyelidikan Klinikal (CRC),
Institut Kesihatan Umum (IKU), Institut Pengurusan Kesihatan (IPK), Institut Pengurusan Sistem Kesihatan
(IPSK), Institut Penyelidikan Tingkahlaku Kesihatan (IPTK),
Unique NMRR
Registration ID :
[Nombor Pendaftaran]
Research Title:
[Tajuk]
Protocol Number if
available:
[Nombor Protokol jika
ada]
#
[NMRR ID field]
[Research title field]
[Protocol ID field]
Investigator Name
Institution Name
[Nama Penyelidik]
[Nama Institusi]
1.
[Name of investigator field]
[Name of institution field]
2.
3.
I have reviewed the above titled research, and approve of its design and conduct.
Saya telah menyemak kajian yang bertajuk seperti di atas dan meluluskan rekabentuk dan perlaksanaannya.
Name of Director
[Nama pengarah]
NIH Institute (IMR, CRC, IPH, IHM, IHSR
and IHBR)
[Nama institusi di bawah NIH]
Date
[Tarikh]
APPENDIX
Format of Spine and Cover of Final Year Project
3cm
5cm
NABHAN MOHAMED
AFFECT OF WATER
FLUORIDATION ON CARIES
DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN
18points,bold
BEHS
NABHAN MOHAMED
BACHELOR (HONS.) OF
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND
SAFETY
UiTM 2012
5cm
JUNE 2012
3cm
Figure 1. Format of Spine and Cover of Final Year Project
APPENDIX
Format of Title Page of Final Year Project
5cm
18points,bold,singlespacing
5 cm
AFFECT OF WATER
FLUORIDATION ON CARIES
DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN
14points,bold
NABHAN MOHAMED
Project submitted in fulfilment of the requirements

for the degree of
Bachelor (Hons.) Of Environmental Health And
Safety
14points,bold,singlespacing
JUNE 2012
5cm
Figure 2. Format of Title Page of Final Year Project
APPENDIX
Format for the layout of texts and headings
APPENDIX
Sample from APA website
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (APA) FORMAT (6th Edition)

This crib sheet is a guide to the APA style. It is not intended to replace the Publication
Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition. Only selected citations were
chosen for inclusion here. For other examples, see the printed Manual. Use this only as a
reference.
REFERENCES AND CITATIONS
Some general rules for APA reference pages:
Begin the reference list on a new page. The page begins with the word References
(Reference if there is only one), centered in the top, middle of the page, using both
upper and lower case, bold typeface. If the references take up more than one page, do
not re-type the word References on sequential pages, simply continue your list.
References cited in text must appear in the reference list; conversely, each entry in the
reference list must be cited in text.
The first line of the reference is flush left. Lines thereafter are indented as a group
five or so spaces, to create a hanging indention.
The reference list is double-spaced.
Arrange entries in alphabetical order.
Give the year the work was published in parentheses. If no date is available, write
(n.d.).
Use italics for titles of books, newspapers, magazines, and journals.
Capitalize the first word of the title of the article or book, and the first word following
a colon. Also capitalize all proper nouns, including names of instruments or agencies
that appear in the title.
Always use an ampersand (&) before the last author in the reference page. Do not use
and.
Use one space after all punctuation.
Citations in Text
To refer to an item from the list of references in the text, an author-date method should be
used. That is, use the surname of the author (without suffixes) and the year of the publication
in the text at appropriate points. Unless you are quoting, page numbers are not used.
One author
In a recent study, Isaac (2001) found that . . .
Many social workers suffer from anxiety (Isaac, 2001).
Two or more authors

When a work has two authors, always cite both names every time the reference
occurs.
Smith and James (2001) found that drug use . . .
Adolescent drug use occurs more frequently in rural areas than in suburban
areas (Smith & James, 2001).
Multiple authors
For works with three, four, or five authors, cite all authors the first time the reference
occurs. In subsequent citations, include only the last name of the first author followed
by et al. (not italicized and followed by a period). If the work has six or more authors,
cite only the surname of the first author followed by et al.
Gilbert, Terrell, and Specht (1985) have stated . . .
Social policies in the United States do not provide equity for marginalized
populations (Gilbert, Terrell, & Specht, 1985).
US social policies are driven by dominant class interest groups (Gilbert et al.,
1985).
Typically, when citing more than two authors in text, use the first authors name
followed by and associates, or and colleagues.
In a study by Jones and associates (2000), social workers . . .
Within a paragraph, you need not include the year in subsequent references to a study
as long as the study cannot be confused with other studies cited in the article:
In a recent study of social work attitudes, Hanson (2004) stated that students . .
. . Hanson also found that . . .
Groups as authors
When groups (e.g., organizations, government agencies) are cited, write out the full
name in the initial citation and abbreviate in subsequent citations.
First citation: Twenty-two percent of all adults in the US have a substance

abuse problem (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
[SAMHSA], 2004).
Next citation: Less than 10 % of adults are alcohol dependent (SAMHSA,

2004).
Multiple works, same authors

Arrange two or more works by the same author(s) by year of publication.
Child abuse is a major problem in the United States (Berrick & Barth, 1995,
2001).
Multiple works, same authors, same year

Identify works by the same author(s) with the same publication date by the suffixes a,
b, c, and so forth after the year. The suffixes are assigned in the reference list, where
these kinds of references are ordered alphabetically by title.
Child neglect is the most common type of child abuse (Berrick, 2001a,
2001b).
Multiple works, multiple authors

When citing multiple works by different authors, place the citations in alphabetical by
the first authors surname. Separate the citations with semicolons.
Substance abuse is a phenomenon that few policymakers appreciate or

understand (Albert, 2001; Johnson, 1996, 2003; Zimmerman, 1999).
Quoted Material
When citing quoted material, you must include the page number in parentheses from
which the quote was taken as well as the author and year. If you are using a long
quotation of over 40 words, indent the whole quotation and do not use quotation
marks.
McCafrey (2002) asserts criminals should not be given the right to vote upon
release from prison (p.25).
The best intervention for violent criminals is harsh and severe punishment
(McCafrey, 2002, p.126).
Personal communications
Personal communications may be things such as email messages, interviews,
speeches, and telephone conversations. Because the information is not retrievable,
they should not appear in the reference list.
J. Burnitz (personal communications, September 20, 2000) indicated that . ..
In a recent interview (J. Burnitz, personal communication, September 20,

2000) I learned that . . . .
The Reference List

Arrange entries in your reference list in alphabetical order by the surname of the first author.
If you have many publications by the same author, arrange by year of publication with the
earliest date first.
Articles
The digital object identifier, or DOI, provides a persistent link to the article and is
included in the reference. The DOI can be found on the first page of the article, and in
the electronic summary provided by the database. You do not include the web address
or the date retrieved. If no DOI is available, include the home page URL for the
journal, newsletter, or magazine in place of the DOI. Do not include the date
retrieved.
Journal articles from online source

Simon, A. (2000). Perceptual comparisons through the minds eye. Memory &
Cognition, 23, 635-647. doi:10.1037/0278-6833.24.2.225
Simon, A. (2000). Perceptual comparisons through the minds eye. Memory &
Cognition, 23, 635-647. Retrieved from http://www.memory.com.
Journal article, two authors

Becker, M. B., & Rozek, S. J. (1995). Social justice and immigration. Journal
of Social Issues, 32, 230-343. doi:10.1037/0278-6833.24.2.225
Journal article, three to six authors

Garner, H. J., James, J., Berlin, T. K., & Smith, H. S. B. (1998). Psychology
Today, 102, 70-77. doi:10.1037/0278-6833.24.2.225
Journal article, more than seven authors

Include the first six authors names, then insert three ellipses, and add the last
authors name.
Teasel, J. R., Cunningham, K., Porter, K. L., Johnson, M. N., Werner, H. H.,
West, G.H., .Smith, T. (2000). Journal of Social Welfare, 22(1),
222-245. doi:10.1037/0278-6833.24.2.225
Books
Just as with articles, if the book is available on-line and there is a DOI, include it after
the publisher information. If there is no DOI for an on-line book, use the URL from
the website from which the book was retrieved. Do not include retrieval date.
Book, one author

Burch, H. A. (1999). Social welfare policy analysis and choices. New York:
The Haworth Press.
Edited book
Letheridge, S., & Cannon, C. R. (Eds.). (1997). Bilingual education.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Chapter from edited book

Jackson, J. J., & Packer, F. L. (1997). English as a second language: The
experience of first generation Filipinos. In S. Letheridge & C. R.
Cannon (Eds.), Bilingual education. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: PrenticeHall.
Government author
U.S Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health,
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2003). Managing asthma: A guide
for schools (NIH Publication No. 02-2650). Retrieved from
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/prof/lung/ asthma/asth_sch.pdf
Web page with private organization as author

Urban Institute for Poverty. (2003). Poverty in the United States. Retrieved from
http://www.uip.poverty/publications.html
APPENDIX
Sample of Harvard Referencing System

0 - Epjj - Guidelines On Final Year Project For FHS Undergraduate Programmes

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Guidelines on Final Year Project for

Faculty of Health Sciences

Faculty of Health Sciences

Guidelines on Final Year Project for Faculty of Health Sciences

Aims and outcomes of the final year project course

On successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

Correlate research findings with health setting and theories learned.

Communicate and defend research findings in the form of a presentation.

Final Year Project

What is a Final Year Project?

The students are expected to demonstrate their ability to:

identify and define a significant issue

systematically collect relevant, up-to-date information about the issue

analyse, interpret and discuss the information

draw conclusions and make recommendations

write a report in accordance with academic standards as required at undergraduate level.

Choosing and working with a Project Supervisor

The role of the supervisor

The supervisor is expected to:

supply written comments on the students submitted work when requested

act as one of two examiners

The role of a co-supervisor

The students responsibilities

The students are expected to:

Ethical Considerations and Ethics Applications

Registration with NMRR

Surat Pekeliling KKM Bil 9 2007

NIH Guidelines for Conducting Research in MOH Institution and Facilities

Project Write-Up Format

Typing and Printing

Typeface, Typing Quality

2.1.4 Font Size

terms in a different language, and

Footnotes and text tables should not be less than 8 points.

All information including text headings, footnote and illustrations should be

quotations longer than three lines in a block

bibliography (except between entries)

multi-line captions (tables, figures, plates)

appendices, such as questionnaires, letters

text including the references,

appendices, tables and figures should be numbered consecutively in Arabic

Page numbers MUST NOT be punctuated, bracketed, hyphenated nor

Each appendix should be identified separately using a capital letter

Separator sheets (e.g. separator preceding each Appendix)

2.1.10 Headings and Subheadings

Figures should be grouped and numbered in sequence. For example, Figure

Photographs are listed as Plates and should also be numbered in sequence;

This example refers to the first equation in Chapter 2.

Layout and Arrangement of Content

Every thesis is composed of three parts:

the preliminary section

the reference materials, usually consisting of references, or

bibliography and appendices

Table 2.1 Summary of Write-up Arrangement

Not paginated but counted as 'i'

Paginated as as iii (continuing lower case Roman numerals on preceding

Paginated (continuing lower case Roman numeral on preceding page

Paginated (continuing lower case Roman numeral on preceding page

Paginated (continuing lower case Roman numeral on preceding page

Paginated (continuing lower case Roman numeral on preceding page

List of Abbreviations and

Paginated (continuing lower case Roman numeral on preceding page