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PREFACE
CADD Consulting Engineers Pvt. Ltd. is pleased to submit the Sub-Soil investigation report for
the proposed Development of Jharsuguda Airport Boundary Wall, Jharsuguda Air Bus
A-320, Jharsuguda, Odisha. The sub soil Investigation work for the Construction of the
objective of this investigation is to ascertain the characteristics of Sub-soil to present
necessary information for sub-surface. It was endeavored to study in detail the sub-surface
conditions at the project site.
The general soil profiles and the geological stratification have been determined.
The field and laboratory works have been conducted as per relevant IS Codes.
This is to certify that the samples are collected from the proposed site for the
DEVELOPMENT OF JHARSUGUDA AIRPORT BOUNDARY WALL, JHARSUGUDA AIR
BUS A-320, JHARSUGUDA, ODISHA by CADD Consulting Engineers Pvt. Ltd, N-1/270,
IRC Village, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar- 15 (Odisha). The laboratory tests have been
performed under the supervision of qualified personal, as per the Indian standards and this
report is prepared on the basis of these tests results and experts experience.
For CADD Consulting Engineers Pvt. Ltd.
CONTENTS
Sl. No.
PARTICULARS
PAGES
01.
INTRODUCTION
01
02.
SCOPE OF WORK
01 - 02
03.
02
04.
FIELD OPERATION
03
05.
LABORATORY TESTS
03 - 05
06.
05
07
05 - 06
08.
LIMITATION
06
09.
CLOSURE
06
1. INTRODUCTION
Intending to provide a safe, sound and economical foundation system for the Soil Investigation work
for the Development of Jharsuguda Airport Boundary Wall, Jharsuguda Air Bus A-320,
Jharsuguda, Odisha and the work for conduction detail soil investigation work has been awarded
by the client (Airports Authority of India, Jharsuguda, Odisha) to CADD Consulting Engineers
Pvt. Ltd, N-1/270, IRC Village, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar- 15 (Odisha).
i.
The objective of this Soil investigation is to optimize the Foundation system for proposed Project within
the safe bearing capacity of the soil, it consists of the following
Determination of type, size and depth of foundation- system by analyzing the soil properties
To suggest a conclusive recommendation for the type of foundation System to be adopted which
would be economically viable and structurally safe for the proposed structures of the projects.
ii.
Limitations of Investigation
The scope of Soil Investigation is confined within limitations of the framework of agreement drawn
between the client (Airports Authority of India, Jharsuguda, Odisha) and CADD Consulting
Engineers Pvt. Ltd, N-1/270, IRC Village, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar- 15 (Odisha). All the field and
laboratory experiments have been carried out as per the Technical specification of the client and the
relevant Indian Standard Code of practice. However the directions issued by authority in this respect
has been given due emphasis during the Soil Pit Investigation work.
2. SCOPE OF WORK
The scope of work comprises of conducting detail soil investigation, laboratory testing, conducting and
estimation of safe bearing capacity for the above proposed work on collecting 4 nos. of Soil Pit
Sample. The Soil Pit points as shown by the Engineer-in charge.
i.
Arriving at the conclusive decision on foundation system to be adopted in the present case
using Our Engineering judgment, based on the current practice. The detailed Soil investigation
work that was carried out consists of two parts.
ii.
Field Investigation:
The field investigation consists of the following methods
Location of 4 number of Soil Pit with due consultation with the authority.
Excavated up to 0.5 to 1.5 m. depth below N.G.L.
Collection of Undisturbed sample (UDS) Samples at the locations prefixed by the Engineer-incharge.
Study of site condition and surroundings with regards to the need of the Project.
Taking observation of surrounding structure to observe any deficiency in safety.
Transportation of all soil samples to laboratory for analysis with proper care
iii.
Laboratory Tests:
The Laboratory tests for the sample collected are given below
The Soil Pits was selected by the Engineer in charge in order to obtain comprehensive sub-soil data
for this site with a provision of excavated up to 0.5 to 1.50 m depth. For detailed laboratory
investigation the sample was collected as per the instruction of Engineer in Charge for different tests.
ii.
Excavation:
The sub-soil investigation work at the proposed site was carried out by manually excavation. The Soil
Pit Size is 1.0m x 1.0m and required depth by instruction of Engineers I/C.
4. FIELD OPERATIONS
i.
General
In an attempt for optimization in the design of foundation for the proposed construction to be
constructed at this site, Geo-technical investigation was done. The entire investigation work had
been divided mainly into two parts (i) Field Work & (ii) Laboratory tests
Field work determines the types of sub- soil deposit and their characteristics.
Laboratory tests help in determining the relevant geo-technical properties of the sub-surface
deposited leading to finalization of foundation depth of the structure basing on Bearing
capacities of the foundation strata as well as Influence zone.
PIT
NO.
SIZE OF PIT
TERMINATION
DEPTH In Mtr.
01
1.50
02
0.50
03
0.70
04
1.50
5. LABORATORY TESTS
The laboratory-tests were conducted on selected representative undisturbed soil samples collected
from different Soil Pits from the proposed site. The tests include Grain size analysis, Natural moisture
content, D.F.S, Specific Gravity and Liquid limit, Plastic limit, Plasticity index, Shear test on
representative soil sample were also carried out. All the tests conducted confirming to the
requirements of I.S specification. The results of all these tests have been annexed separately.
i.
The grain size analysis of different soil samples were done as per the requirement of IS: 2720 (Pt-IV)
1985 method of test for soil, Grain size analysis. The details of the test results are shown test result
sheet separately. The results of grain size analysis are used to classify the soil in various depths of
boreholes. The results of all these tests have been annexed separately.
ii.
The natural moisture content was determined from different undisturbed samples of different
Boreholes at different depths, as per IS: 2720(Pt-II)-1973: Method of test for soil, determination of
Water content. It is used for determining specific gravity, optimum moisture content, S.B.C, settlement
of foundation system. The results of all these tests have been annexed separately.
iii.
The Bulk densities have been determined from different undisturbed samples of different Boreholes at
different depths, in the laboratory from the UDS samples at different levels as per IS: 2720 - 1973. It is
used for determining specific gravity, optimum moisture content, S.B.C, settlement of foundation
system.
iv.
The dry density of the UDS / DS samples were determined at the known moisture content and bulk
density and is determined on analyzing. It is used for determining specific gravity, optimum moisture
content, S.B.C, settlement of foundation system. The test result has been annexed separately.
v.
The specific gravity of the UDS / DS samples have been determined at different levels as per IS: 2720
(Pt-III) - 1980. It is used for determining void ratio, porosity, saturated density, S.B.C, settlement of
foundation system. The results of all these tests have been annexed separately.
vi.
The void-ratio of the UDS / DS samples has been determined at different levels and the results are
shown separately. It is used for determining specific gravity, optimum moisture content, S.B.C,
settlement of foundation system. The results of all these tests has been annexed separately
vii.
The liquid and plastic limits of soils were other index properties of soil have also been determined as
per the relevant IS: 2720(Pt-v)-1985 Code of practice. The liquid and plastic limits of soil samples have
been determined in the laboratory and it is used for determining S.B.C, settlement of foundation
system etc. The results of all these tests have been annexed separately.
viii.
The tri-axial tests of soil are carried out to determine the shear parameters. The shear tests are carried
out in accordance with IS: 2720 (pt. X, XI, XII and XIII) on saturated samples. For unconsolidated
untrained tri-axial compression test, the undisturbed soil specimen having diameter 38 mm and height
to diameter ration 2 is prepared and placed on the pedestal of the tri-axial cell. The cell is then
assembled with the loading ram and then placed in the loading machine. The cell fluid is admitted to
the cell and the pressure is raised to the desired value. An initial reading of the gauge measuring axial
compression of the specimen is recorded. The test is then commenced and sufficient number of
simultaneous readings of load and compression measuring gauge being taken. The test is continued
until the maximum value of the stress has been passed or until an axial strain of 20 per cent has been
reached. Additional tests are carried out on identical specimen at confining pressure of 1 kg/cm2, 2
kg/cm2 and 3 kg/cm2. The shear parameters are obtained from the plot of Mohr circles.
DEPTH
BGL
(m)
TYPE OF
SAMPLE
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
1.50
UDS
0.50
3
4
SHEAR PARAMETER
C KG/CM2
DEGREE
ARRIVED
SBC T/M
2.64
0.14
12
10.44
UDS
2.69
0.27
7.77
0.70
UDS
2.70
0.17
4.55
1.50
UDS
2.65
0.23
14
16.95
ii.
The depth of foundation can be taken 1.5m depth by taking SBC average 9.0
T/m2 from the original ground level.
iii.
The structural designer can adopt higher depth to take advantage of higher SBC
depending upon the load. The foundation may be embedded for higher load as
per decision of designer.
The designer can study the ABP/SBC table for above ten boreholes and take his own
decision as per structural load and position of structure at the site.
1.
2.
3.
Note: - Please refer the ABP/SBC from summary table for different Soil Pit, for
structural design purpose.
8. LIMITATION
The soil investigation has been carried out at the location chosen by the client.
Recommendations made in the report are hence valid only for these tests locations. However if
there is any change in subsoil conditions and properties at places beyond chosen test locations,
the soil consultants be contacted for further guidance.
9. CLOSURE
We appreciate the opportunity given to us to submit this draft report. This presented report is
based on observations and tests on samples collected from the boreholes as decided by the
client. In case any difference is noticed in the field subsoil strata and reported subsoil strata
during excavation please contact us before proceeding with further construction.
NB:
The above test reports are based on the sample received by our laboratory.
The test results relates only to the items tested.
The report shall not be reproduced except in full without the approval of the testing laboratory.
ENGINEERING PROPERTIES
Classification of Soil
Bulk density in
gm/cc.
Dry density in
gm/cc.
Natural Moisture
content(%)
Specific gravity
PIT - 01
1.5
UDS
--21.47
13.12
9.13
31.62
24.66
10
32
22
10
SC
1.927
1.698
13.46
2.64
Drirect
Shear
Test
Density test
Angle of internal
friction() in
Degree
Atterbergs Limits
Cohesion ( C )
Kgf/cm2
Type of Test
0.14
12
0.55
% of Passing
1 / UDS
1.50
20.00
4.75
2.00
0.425
0.075
100
78.53
65.41
56.28
24.66
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.01
0.10
1.00
IS Sieve (mm)
10.00
100.00
Classification of Soil
Bulk density in
gm/cc.
Dry density in
gm/cc.
Natural Moisture
content(%)
Specific gravity
Type of Test
Cohesion ( C )
Kgf/cm2
Angle of internal
friction() in
Degree
Void Ratio (eo)
Atterbergs Limits
Density test
Shear Paramatars
PIT - 02
0.5
UDS
--14.17
18.92
12.16
21.62
33.13
25
36
17
19
SC
1.909
1.570
21.62
2.69
Triaxial
0.32
8
0.71
% of Passing
2 / UDS
20.00
4.75
2.00
0.425
0.075
100
85.83
66.91
54.75
33.13
0.50
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.01
0.10
1.00
IS Sieve (mm)
10
10.00
100.00
PIT - 03
0.7
UDS
--Medium Sand in %
(2mm - .425mm)
Fine Sand in %
(.425mm .075mm)
Silty & Clay in %
(.075mm Passing)
D.F.S. In %
Classification of Soil
Bulk density in
gm/cc.
Dry density in
gm/cc.
Natural Moisture
content(%)
Specific gravity
Type of Test
Cohesion ( C )
Kgf/cm2
Angle of internal
friction() in
Degree
Void Ratio (eo)
0.00
Coarse Sand in %
(4.75mm - 2mm)
Gravel in %
(20mm - 4.75mm)
Atterbergs Limits
11
Density test
Shear Paramatars
0.00
3.86
19.46
76.68
40
43
19
24
CI
1.871
1.507
24.17
2.70
Triaxial
0.17
6
0.79
% of Passing
3 / UDS
20.00
4.75
2.00
0.425
0.075
100
100.00
100.00
96.14
76.68
0.70
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.01
0.10
1.00
IS Sieve (mm)
12
10.00
100.00
Classification of Soil
Bulk density in
gm/cc.
Dry density in
gm/cc.
Natural Moisture
content(%)
Specific gravity
13
PIT - 04
1.5
UDS
--16.17
21.23
13.62
21.67
27.31
10
27
18
9
SC
1.998
1.764
13.27
2.65
Drirect
Shear
Test
Density test
Angle of internal
friction() in
Degree
Atterbergs Limits
Cohesion ( C )
Kgf/cm2
Type of Test
0.23
14
0.50
% of Passing
4 / UDS
20.00
4.75
2.00
0.425
0.075
100
83.83
62.60
48.98
27.31
1.50
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.01
0.10
1.00
IS Sieve (mm)
14
10.00
100.00
SBC CALCULATION
Depth
Type of Footing
1.50
mtrs.
SQUARE FOOTING
LABORATORY DATA OF SOIL
Cohesion "C"
0.14
Kg/cm
12
Degree
1.927
gm/cc
13.46
Specific Gravity
2.64
Degree
1.698
gm/cc
0.55
'
1.058
gm/cc
WIDTH/DIA
(B) in mtr
LENGTH
in mtr
q= Df x sub/1000 =
0.159
kg/cm2
1.50
2.00
2.00
B= B x sub/1000=
0.212
kg/cm2
12
Nc
'
N'c
Sc=
1.3
1.792
N'q
N'
0.912
7.606
2.11
S=
dq = d =
1.018
1.009
INCLINATION FACTORS
AS PER IS 6403-1981 CLOUSE-5.1.2.3
ic = iq = i =
1
0.8
Kg/cm2
ii) If Void Ratio "e" > 0.75, The method of analysis is Local Shear Failure :
q'd = C N'cscdcic + q(N'q - 1)sqdqiq + BN'sdiW' =
Kg/cm2
1.191
iii) If Void Ratio "e" in between 0.55 to 0.75, The method of analysis is Interpolatig of method i & ii :
2.214
After Interpolating, Net ultimate bearing capacity=
Kg/cm2
Hence,
The SBC considering factor of safety @ 2.5 =
SBC =
15
1.044
Kg/cm2
10.44
T/m2
0.5
Depth
Type of Footing
0.50
mtrs.
SQUARE FOOTING
LABORATORY DATA OF SOIL
Cohesion "C"
0.27
Kg/cm
Degree
1.909
gm/cc
21.62
Specific Gravity
2.69
Degree
1.57
gm/cc
0.71
'
0.988
gm/cc
WIDTH/DIA
(B) in mtr
LENGTH
in mtr
q= Df x sub/1000 =
0.049
kg/cm2
0.50
2.00
2.00
B= B x sub/1000=
0.198
kg/cm2
Nc
'
N'c
Sc=
1.3
0.912
N'q
N'
0.45
6.49
1.57
S=
dq = d =
1.004
1
INCLINATION FACTORS
AS PER IS 6403-1981 CLOUSE-5.1.2.3
ic = iq = i =
1
0.8
Kg/cm2
ii) If Void Ratio "e" > 0.75, The method of analysis is Local Shear Failure :
q'd = C N'cscdcic + q(N'q - 1)sqdqiq + BN'sdiW' =
Kg/cm2
1.577
iii) If Void Ratio "e" in between 0.55 to 0.75, The method of analysis is Interpolatig of method i & ii :
1.818
After Interpolating, Net ultimate bearing capacity=
Kg/cm2
Hence,
The SBC considering factor of safety @ 2.5 =
0.777
Kg/cm2
SBC =
7.77
T/m2
16
0.5
Depth
Type of Footing
0.70
mtrs.
SQUARE FOOTING
LABORATORY DATA OF SOIL
Cohesion "C"
0.17
Kg/cm
Degree
1.871
gm/cc
24.17
Specific Gravity
Degree
1.507
gm/cc
0.79
'
2.7
Layer Condition
Saturated Density "sat"
Loose
1.950
gm/cc
0.950
gm/cc
WIDTH/DIA
(B) in mtr
LENGTH
in mtr
q= Df x sub/1000 =
0.066
kg/cm2
0.70
2.00
2.00
B= B x sub/1000=
0.190
kg/cm2
Nc
'
N'c
Sc=
1.3
0.604
N'q
N'
0.36
6.22
1.456
S=
dq = d =
1.005
1
INCLINATION FACTORS
AS PER IS 6403-1981 CLOUSE-5.1.2.3
ic = iq = i =
1
0.8
Kg/cm2
ii) If Void Ratio "e" > 0.75, The method of analysis is Local Shear Failure :
q'd = C N'cscdcic + q(N'q - 1)sqdqiq + BN'sdiW' =
Kg/cm2
0.971
iii) If Void Ratio "e" in between 0.55 to 0.75, The method of analysis is Interpolatig of method i & ii :
0.971
Net ultimate bearing capacity=
Kg/cm2
Hence,
The SBC considering factor of safety @ 2.5 =
0.455
Kg/cm2
SBC =
4.55
T/m2
17
0.5
Depth
Type of Footing
1.50
mtrs.
SQUARE FOOTING
LABORATORY DATA OF SOIL
Cohesion "C"
0.23
Kg/cm
14
Degree
1.998
gm/cc
13.27
Specific Gravity
2.65
Degree
1.764
gm/cc
0.50
'
Layer Condition
Saturated Density "sat"
Dense
2.100
gm/cc
1.100
gm/cc
WIDTH/DIA
(B) in mtr
LENGTH
in mtr
q= Df x sub/1000 =
0.165
kg/cm2
1.50
2.00
2.00
B= B x sub/1000=
0.220
kg/cm2
14
Nc
'
N'c
Sc=
1.3
2.364
N'q
N'
1.066
7.978
2.29
S=
dq = d =
1.021
1.01
INCLINATION FACTORS
AS PER IS 6403-1981 CLOUSE-5.1.2.3
ic = iq = i =
1
0.8
Kg/cm2
ii) If Void Ratio "e" > 0.75, The method of analysis is Local Shear Failure :
q'd = C N'cscdcic + q(N'q - 1)sqdqiq + BN'sdiW' =
Kg/cm2
0.000
iii) If Void Ratio "e" in between 0.55 to 0.75, The method of analysis is Interpolatig of method i & ii :
3.825
Net ultimate bearing capacity=
Kg/cm2
Hence,
The SBC considering factor of safety @ 2.5 =
SBC =
18
1.695
Kg/cm2
16.95
T/m2
0.5
LOCATION PLAN