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There are mainly two types of gear arrangements used in headstock of lathe machine.
levers change their position to generate different combinations to acquire different speed.
Generally Z4, Z5 and Z6 are mounted on splined shaft, Z7, Z8 and Z9 are on intermediate shaft and
Z11, Z12 and Z13 are on headstock spindle. The gear mounted on splined shaft receives power, the
gears mounted on intermediate shaft only transmitted speed from one shaft to other but dont
move axially and the gears mounted on headstock spindle can move axially due to change in
lever position to generate different gear combination. There are nine possible different speed
combinations
There are number of advantages for using this gear arrangement system like variation in speed,
no need to use belt drive, no need of overhead shaft or independent motor. One of the biggest
advantage of using is system is absence of belt drive which is beneficial for the worker and
eliminates any mishap.
On the otherhand, this system is expensive and need proper lubrication to avoid friction. In case
of overloading, the absence of belt drive will damage gear pairs.
bull gear is also used which can be locked or in unlocked position through lock pin and is keyed
to spindle.
Back gears are mounted eccentric shaft and used to reduce speed. As back gears we have spur
gears P2 and G2. There are further two types to obtain variation in speed.
Direct speed
Indirect speed
In order to direct speed, we dont need to use back gears. Step cone is locked with main spindle
and give us three of four different speeds.
On the otherhand if we want to get indirect speed, we will use back gears and disengage step
cone with main spindle. This arrangement also gives us three or four different speeds.
This entry was tagged Lathe machine, Operation. Bookmark the permalink.
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