UNIT

Find

Maps
United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A52
United States Eastern Seaboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A54
Central and South America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A55

Encounters and Foundations to 1800

[In America] individuals of all nations are melted into a new race of
men, whose labors . . . will one day cause great changes in the world.
Michel-Guillaume Jean de Crvecoeur
SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Evaluate and analyze
the philosophical, political, religious, ethical, and social
inuences of a historical period.
Reading Skills Identify and understand
chronological order; identify and understand graphic
elements; use text organizers such as overviews,
headings, and graphic features to locate and categorize
information; read widely to increase knowledge of the
students culture, the culture of others, and the
common elements across cultures; identify and
understand elements of text structure (including
headings and sections).

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and

analyze the characteristics of Native American oral
traditions; archetypes; setting; historical context.
Reading Skills Identify and understand cultural
characteristics of a text; identify main ideas and
supporting details.

What Do You Think? How can peoples beliefs aect their actions?
Time Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Introduction to the Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 4
Link to Today
Gish Jen Coming into the Country . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NEWSPAPER EDITORIAL 10

COLLECTION

Native American
Voices

Literary Focus Native American Oral Traditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ESSAY 15

Analyzing Visuals Analyzing Native American Art. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Huron Traditional The Sky Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MYTH 19
Teton Sioux Traditional The Earth Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MYTH 21
Nez Perce Traditional Coyote Finishes His Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MYTH 22
Blackfeet Traditional The Blackfeet Genesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MYTH 24
Reading Focus Identifying Main Ideas and Supporting Details . . . . .ESSAY 29
Link to Today
N. Scott Momaday from The Way to Rainy Mountain . . . . . . . .

A4

MEMOIR

31

Find

COLLECTION

Voyages and Visions

Literary Focus American Narrative Tradition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 43

Alvar Nez Cabeza de Vaca from La Relacin . . . . . . . . . . . .

TRAVEL JOURNAL

45

Reading Focus Summarizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 51

William Bradford from Of Plymouth Plantation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CHRONICLE 53
Mary Rowlandson from A Narrative of

the Captivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PERSONAL NARRATIVE

William Byrd from The History of the Dividing Line . . . . . . . . . . . .

HISTORY

63
73

Olaudah Equiano from The Interesting Narrative

of the Life of Olaudah Equiano. . . . . . . . . . .AUTOBIOGRAPHY 83

Comparing Texts

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and

analyze the philosophical, political, religious, ethical,
and social inuences of a historical period; the characteristics of autobiography; the characteristics and use
of the plain style; allusions; inuence of the audience
on a writer; the characteristics of satire; tone; narrative
accounts, including historical narratives; characterization; metaphor; historical and political contexts; meter;
conceits; imagery; philosophical context.
Reading Skills Identify and understand the cultural
characteristics of a text; summarize as a strategy for
comprehension; identify main ideas and
supporting details; summarize a text; analyze
chronological order; identify/analyze tone; make
inferences about an authors beliefs; analyze inverted
syntax; analyze extended metaphor as a text structure;
identify the writers purpose or intent.

The Puritan Worldview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Anne Bradstreet Here Follow Some Verses upon the
Burning of Our House, July 10, 1666. . . . . . . . . . POEM 95
Edward Taylor Huswifery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM 101
Jonathan Edwards from Sinners in the

Hands of an Angry God . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SERMON 105

Contents A5

Find
SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and
analyze characteristics of persuasion; style; the
characteristics of a writers style; the use of parallelism;
symbolism; authors purpose; persuasive devices; the
characteristics of autobiography; aphorisms.
Reading Skills Analyze persuasion/arguments in
a text; recognize and analyze modes of persuasion,
including appeals to reason and appeals to emotion;
make inferences as a strategy for comprehension.
Informational Skills Analyze persuasion/arguments
in a text.

COLLECTION

Forging a
New Nation

Literary Focus Political Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

117

Reading Focus Analyzing Persuasive Techniques. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

119

Patrick Henry Speech to the Virginia Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SPEECH 121

Thomas Paine from The Crisis, No. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POLITICAL ESSAY

131

Comparing Texts
Political Points of View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Thomas Jeerson from The Autobiography: The Declaration
of Independence . . . . . . . . AUTOBIOGRAPHY/POLICY STATEMENT 139
Dekanawida from The Iroquois Constitution . . . . . . . . . POLICY STATEMENT 153
Abigail Adams Letter to John Adams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LETTER 156
Elizabeth Cady Stanton from Declaration of Sentiments

of the Seneca Falls Womans Rights

Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . SPEECH/POLICY STATEMENT 158

A6

Benjamin Franklin from The Autobiography . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AUTOBIOGRAPHY

165

from Poor Richards Almanack . . . . . . . . . . . APHORISMS 171

Find

Link to Today
Gordon S. Wood The Man of Many Masks

from The Americanization of

Benjamin Franklin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BIOGRAPHY

177

Writing Workshop Editorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

Preparing for Timed Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Listening and Speaking Workshop Presenting and
Evaluating Speeches . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Preparing for Standardized Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

Literary Skills Review

Anne Bradstreet To My Dear and Loving Husband . . . . . . . . .POEM
Edna St. Vincent Millay Love is not all . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM
Vocabulary Skills Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Writing Skills Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

194
194
196
197

Read On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

Contents A7

UNIT

Imagination and the Individual:

American Romanticism 18001860
Find

I unsettle all things. No facts are to me sacred; none are profane;

I simply experiment, an endless seeker, with no Past at my back.
Ralph Waldo Emerson

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Evaluate and analyze

the philosophical, political, religious, ethical, and social
inuences of a historical period.

What Do You Think? Where does an individual nd inspiration?

Reading Skills Identify and understand

chronological order; identify and understand graphic
elements; use text organizers such as overviews,
headings, and graphic features to locate and categorize
information; read widely to increase knowledge of the
students culture, the culture of others, and the
common elements across cultures; identify and
understand elements of text structure (including
headings and sections).

Introduction to the Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

204

Link to Today
Annie Dillard Living Like Weasels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

210

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and

analyze theme; metaphor; meter; personication;
sonnets; tone; extended metaphor; allusion; how
imagery conveys meaning; gures of speech; historical
context; philosophical context; the use of
parallelism; parable; elements of literature from
American Romanticism; paradox; parallelism; persuasive devices; authors purpose.
Reading Skills Understand and analyze inverted
sentences; annotate a poem; visualize imagery; identify
the main idea of a text; monitor your reading for
comprehension; read to understand style; make
generalizations about a writers beliefs; read to research
information; recognize persuasive techniques
(logical, ethical, and emotional appeals).

Time Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202

COLLECTION

The Transforming
Imagination

Literary Focus American Romanticism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

215

Analyzing Visuals Analyzing a Painting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

William Cullen Bryant Thanatopsis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

219

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow The Tide Rises, the Tide Falls . . . . .POEM 225

The Cross of Snow . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

228

Oliver Wendell Holmes The Chambered Nautilus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 233

Ralph Waldo Emerson from Nature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

239

from Self-Reliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

244

Reading Focus Making Generalizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 251

Henry David Thoreau from Walden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

253

Comparing Texts
Civil Disobedience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Henry David Thoreau from Resistance to Civil Government . . ESSAY 268
Mohandas K. Gandhi from On Nonviolent Resistance . . . . . . . . SPEECH 277
Martin Luther King, Jr. from Letter from

Birmingham City Jail . . . . . . . . . . . . OPEN LETTER 280

A8

COLLECTION

The Realms
of Darkness

Find

Literary Focus Gothic Fiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ESSAY 287

Washington Irving The Devil and Tom Walker . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 289
Nathaniel Hawthorne The Ministers Black Veil . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 303
Reading Focus Strategies for Understanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ESSAY 317
Edgar Allan Poe The Fall of the House of Usher . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SHORT STORY

320

Link to Today
Edgar Allan Poe from The Fall of the House of Usher adapted and

illustrated by Matt Howarth . . . . . . . . . . . GRAPHIC NOVEL 336

Edgar Allan Poe The Pit and the Pendulum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 344

The Raven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

359

Herman Melville from Moby-Dick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NOVEL

367

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Evaluate genres and

traditions in American literature; understand and
analyze mood; symbolism; historical context;
atmosphere; symbolic meaning; sound eects in
poetry; meter; characterization.
Reading Skills Make predictions as a strategy for
comprehension; make inferences as a strategy for comprehension; use a variety of reading skills to understand
literary and informational text; monitor your reading
for comprehension; understand and analyze style,
archaic words, word choice, language structures, and
syntax; apply and monitor a variety of response and
comprehension strategies; respond to graphics; retell
key events; use oral interpretation to understand a
poem; draw inferences about characters.

Writing Workshop Short Story . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376

Preparing for Timed Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Listening and Speaking Workshop Presenting a Story . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
Preparing for Standardized Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388

Literary Skills Review

Ralph Waldo Emerson The Snow-Storm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM
Mary Oliver First Snow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM
Vocabulary Skills Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Writing Skills Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

388
389
392
393

Read On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394

Contents A9

UNIT

A House Divided: The Civil War Era

and Its Aftermath 18501890
Find
SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Evaluate and analyze
the philosophical, political, religious, ethical, and social
inuences of a historical period.
Reading Skills Identify and understand
chronological order; identify and understand graphic
elements; use text organizers such as overviews,
headings, and graphic features to locate and categorize
information; read widely to increase knowledge of the
students culture, the culture of others, and the
common elements across cultures; identify and
understand elements of text structure (including
headings and sections).
SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and
analyze diction; the characteristics of a writers style;
political context; refrain; oratory; characteristics of
persuasion; repetition.
Reading Skills Determine the writers purpose or
intent; analyze the authors purpose; analyze a writers
perspective; identify and understand appeals to
reason; identify and understand appeals to emotion,
including loaded words; identify and understand the
use of counterclaims/counterarguments in a text.

A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this

government cannot endure, permanently half slave and half free.
Abraham Lincoln
What Do You Think? How does conict lead to change?
Time Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398
Introduction to the Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

400

Link to Today
Leonard Pitts, Jr. A Lesson Learned on the Road . NEWSPAPER ARTICLE 406

COLLECTION

Up from Slavery

Literary Focus Slave Narratives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 411

Reading Focus Analyzing Authors Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

413

AUTOBIOGRAPHY

415

AUTOBIOGRAPHY

425

Frederick Douglass from Narrative of the Life

of Frederick Douglass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Harriet A. Jacobs from Incidents in the Life

of a Slave Girl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Spirituals Go Down, Moses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SPIRITUAL 433

Swing Low, Sweet Chariot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SPIRITUAL 436

Follow the Drinking Gourd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SPIRITUAL 437
Sojourner Truth Aint I a Woman? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Link to Today
Lucille Clifton at the cemetery, walnut grove plantation,

SPEECH

441

south carolina, 1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 445

A10

Find

COLLECTION

The Ravages of War

Literary Focus The Rise of Realism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 451

Analyzing Visuals Analyzing a Photograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452
Reading Focus Analyzing Sequence of Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

453

Ambrose Bierce An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge . . . . . . .

SHORT STORY

455

Stephen Crane A Mystery of Heroism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SHORT STORY

469

War Is Kind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

478

Link to Today
Karen Breslau Healing Wars Wounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MAGAZINE ARTICLE 482

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and

analyze elements of literature from American
Romanticism and from the rise of realism; point of view;
historical context; credibility in literature; situational
irony; verbal irony; the characteristics of American
Indian oratory, including repetition and tone.
Reading Skills Analyze the sequence of events in a
text; make predictions; identify/analyze tone; identify
and analyze emotional appeals in a text.
Informational Skills Understand and analyze
authors purpose; analyze primary sources.

Chief Joseph I Will Fight No More Forever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .SPEECH 489

Comparing Texts
Primary Sources on the Civil War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493
Robert E. Lee Letter to His Son. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LETTER 495
Maj. Sullivan Ballou Letter to Sarah Ballou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LETTER 498
Mary Chesnut from A Diary from Dixie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DIARY

500

Abraham Lincoln The Gettysburg Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SPEECH 503

Contents A11

Find

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and

analyze styles of poetry; the use of catalogs in poetry;
the characteristics of free verse; biographical
information; theme; symbolism; the use of parallelism;
analogy; metaphor; exact rhyme and slant rhyme; style;
epigrams; rhythm; irony; paradox; mood.
Reading Skills Understand and analyze the use of
text structure in poetry; use paraphrasing or retelling
as a strategy for comprehension; compare themes
across texts; visualize the text; visualize imagery;
compare and contrast poems; analyze poem structure;
annotate a poem; summarize a text; monitor reading
by paraphrasing.
Informational Skills Analyze rhetorical devices;
analyze primary sources.

COLLECTION

Whitman
and Dickinson
American Masters

Literary Focus Styles of Poetry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ESSAY 507

Reading Focus Analyzing Text Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

509

Author Study: Walt Whitman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510

Walt Whitman I Hear America Singing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 512

from Song of Myself

1 I celebrate myself, and sing myself . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 516
6 A child said What is the grass? . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

518

from 33 I understand the large

hearts of heroes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

520

52 The spotted hawk swoops by . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 524

A Sight in Camp in the Daybreak
Gray and Dim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

530

from Specimen Days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JOURNAL 533

When I Heard the Learnd Astronomer . . . . . . . . . . . POEM 537
A Noiseless Patient Spider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

539

Link to Today
Pablo Neruda Plenos poderes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 543

Full Powers translated by Ben Belitt

and Alastair Reid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 545

A12

Find

Author Study: Emily Dickinson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 548

Emily Dickinson The Soul selects her own Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

550

This is my letter to the World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 552

Tell all the Truth but tell it slant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 555
Success is counted sweetest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM 557
Because I could not stop for Death . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

560

Much Madness is divinest Sense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 563

I heard a Fly buzzwhen I died . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

568

My life closed twice before its close . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

570

I sing . . . because I am afraid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LETTERS 572

Link to Today
Lucha Corpi Emily Dickinson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 576
Writing Workshop Historical Research Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580
Preparing for Timed Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593
Listening and Speaking Workshop Presenting Historical Research . . 594
Preparing for Standardized Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 596

Literary Skills Review

Stephan Crane from The Red Badge of Courage . . . . . . . . . . . NOVEL
Yusef Komunyakaa Camouflaging the Chimera . . . . . . . . . . . POEM
Vocabulary Skills Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Writing Skills Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

596
598
600
601

Read On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 602

Contents A13

UNIT

The Age of Realism 18801914

What is character but the determination of incident? What is incident
but the illustration of character?
Henry James
SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Evaluate and analyze
the philosophical, political, religious, ethical, and social
inuences of a historical period.
Reading Skills Identify and understand
chronological order; identify and understand graphic
elements; use text organizers such as overviews,
headings, and graphic features to locate and categorize
information; read widely to increase knowledge of the
students culture, the culture of others, and the
common elements across cultures; identify and
understand elements of text structures (including
headings and sections).

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and

analyze regionalism; characterization; tall tales; the
characteristics of satire; historical context; extended
metaphor; style; setting.
Reading Skills Make predictions as a strategy for
comprehension; understand vernacular; identify/recognize a writers purpose; identify comic devices; make
inferences such as conclusions, generalizations, and
predictions, and support them using the text.

What Do You Think? What forces shape human character?

Time Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 606
Introduction to the Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Link to Today
Garrison Keillor A Walk on the Ice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

COLLECTION

ESSAY

608

RADIO ESSAY

614

Regionalism
and Local Color

Literary Focus Regionalism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

619

Analyzing Visuals Analyzing Regionalism in a Painting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 620

Reading Focus Predicting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 621
Bret Harte The Outcasts of Poker Flat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 623
Comparing Texts
Author Study: Mark Twain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636
Mark Twain The Celebrated Jumping Frog

of Calaveras County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 638

The Lowest Animal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

645

from Life on the Mississippi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MEMOIR 654

Willa Cather A Wagner Matine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 669

A14

COLLECTION

10

Realism and
Naturalism

Literary Focus Realism and Naturalism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 681

Kate Chopin The Story of an Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SHORT STORY

683

Reading Focus Analyzing Cause and Eect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 691

Jack London To Build a Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 693
Link to Today
Beck Weathers from Left for Dead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AUTOBIOGRAPHY

708

Edwin Arlington Robinson Richard Cory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 713

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Evaluate genres

and traditions in American literature; understand and
analyze realism and naturalism; irony; philosophical
context; connotations; rhyme scheme; symbols.
Reading Skills Analyze historical context, especially
political and social inuences of the time; understand
and analyze cause and eect; read closely for details;
identify/recognize a writers purpose.
Informational Skills Identify main ideas and supporting details.

Miniver Cheevy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 713

Paul Laurence Dunbar Douglass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

719

We Wear the Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM 721

Writing Workshop Reective Essay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 724
Preparing for Timed Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 733
Listening and Speaking Workshop Presenting a Reective Essay . . . 734
Preparing for Standardized Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736

Literary Skills Review

Edwin Arlington Robinson For a Dead Lady . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM
Pat Mora Now and Then, America. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM
Vocabulary Skills Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Writing Skills Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

736
736
738
739

Read On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 740

Contents A15

UNIT

The Moderns 19141939

Men travel faster now, but I do not know if they go to better things.
Willa Cather
SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Evaluate and analyze
the philosophical, political, religious, ethical, and social
inuences of a historical period.
Reading Skills Identify and understand
chronological order; identify and understand graphic
elements; use text organizers such as overviews,
headings, and graphic features to locate and categorize
information; read widely to increase knowledge of the
students culture, the culture of others, and the
common elements across cultures; identify and
understand elements of text structures (including
headings and sections).

What Do You Think? How does progress challenge tradition and

redene society?
Time Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 744
Introduction to the Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

746

Link to Today
Toni Morrison The Reader as Artist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

752

COLLECTION
SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and
analyze symbolism and imagism; imagery; dramatic
monologue; style; credibility in literature; how imagery
conveys meaning; apostrophe; the speaker of the poem;
mood; the characteristics of a writers style;
characteristics of sonnets; allusions; blank verse;
ambiguity; a narrative poem.
Reading Skills Use paraphrasing as a strategy for
comprehension; synthesize important ideas in a poem;
identify historical context; analyze a writers perspective; visualize imagery; understand tone; use oral
interpretation to understand a poem; close reading;
understand syntax; analyze the use of text structure
in poetry; read to understand poetry and elements of
poetry; make inferences about characters.
Informational Skills Analyze primary sources.

A16

11

Make It New!

Literary Focus Symbolism and Imagism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ESSAY 757

Analyzing Visuals Analyzing Symbols in a Painting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759
Ezra Pound The River-Merchants Wife: A Letter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM 761

The Garden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 764

Reading Focus Synthesizing Important Ideas in a Poem . . . . . . . . . .ESSAY 767
T. S. Eliot The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

769

William Carlos Williams The Red Wheelbarrow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

779

The Great Figure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

779

This Is Just to Say . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 782

Marianne Moore Poetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 785

Archibald MacLeish Ars Poetica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

788

Carl Sandburg Chicago. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM 791

Edgar Lee Masters Richard Bone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM 797

Butch Weldy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM 797

Mrs. George Reece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

800

Wallace Stevens Domination of Black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 803

E. E. Cummings what if a much of a which of a wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM 807

somewhere i have never

travelled,gladly beyond . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

810

Robert Frost Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 814

Nothing Gold Can Stay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 816

Birches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

819

Mending Wall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 824

The Death of the Hired Man . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

828

I must have the pulse beat of rhythm . . . . . . . . . . . INTERVIEW 837

Contents A17

COLLECTION

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and

analyze Modernism; the protagonist and the antihero
archetype; character motivation; setting; credibility in
literature; tone; theme; stream of consciousness;
political context; parody; foreshadowing.
Reading Skills Read for details; make inferences
about characters; make inferences as a strategy for
comprehension; analyze repetition; identify details;
close reading; analyze cause and eect; make
predictions as a strategy for comprehension.
Informational Skills Determine a speakers message;
analyze an authors beliefs; organize and record new
information in systematic ways, such as notes, charts,
and graphic organizers.

12

Modern American
Fiction

Literary Focus Modernism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ESSAY 841

Ernest Hemingway Soldiers Home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 843

Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech, 1954 . . . . . . .SPEECH 853

F. Scott Fitzgerald Winter Dreams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SHORT STORY

Reading Focus Making Inferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

William Faulkner A Rose for Emily. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

857

ESSAY

875

SHORT STORY

877

Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech, 1950 . . . . . . . . .SPEECH 888

John Steinbeck from The Grapes of Wrath, Chapter 17 . . . . . . . . . . NOVEL 893
Eudora Welty A Worn Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 903
Katherine Anne Porter The Jilting of Granny Weatherall . . . . SHORT STORY 913
Link to Today
Bill Glauber The Fight Against Alzheimers . . . . . . . . . . NEWSPAPER ARTICLE 925
James Thurber The Secret Life of Walter Mitty . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SHORT STORY

931

Flannery OConnor The Life You Save May Be Your Own . . . SHORT STORY 939

A18

COLLECTION

13

The Harlem
Renaissance

Literary Focus The Harlem Renaissance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 951

Reading Focus Identifying Historical Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Zora Neale Hurston from Dust Tracks on a Road . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

953

AUTOBIOGRAPHY

955

Arna Bontemps A Black Man Talks of Reaping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM 967

Countee Cullen Tableau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM 971

Incident . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM 971

Comparing Texts

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and

analyze the Harlem Renaissance; the characteristics of
autobiography; style; extended metaphor; metaphor;
simile; rhythm; repetition; mood; political context.
Reading Skills Identify historical context; understand
the use of text structure in poetry; compare and
contrast poems; understand the writers context;
visualize the text; identify historical themes.
Informational Skills Analyze an authors arguments;
identify and understand patterns of organization;
identify comparison-contrast organization.

Author Study: Langston Hughes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 976

Langston Hughes The Weary Blues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM 978

The Negro Speaks of Rivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 983

Harlem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 986
Heyday in Harlem from The Big Sea . . . . . . MEMOIR 989
Link to Today
Ruth Evans and Sue Armstrong Harlems Second

Coming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WEB ARTICLE 996

Writing Workshop Literary Analysis: Novel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1002

Preparing for Timed Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1011
Listening and Speaking Workshop Presenting a Literary Analysis . . 1012
Preparing for Standardized Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1014

Literary Skills Review

Claude McKay America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM
Allen Ginsberg Homework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM
Vocabulary Skills Review. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Writing Skills Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1014
1015
1018
1019

Read On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1020

Contents A19

UNIT

The Contemporary Period

1939 to Present
Everything is connected in the end.
Don DeLillo
SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Evaluate and analyze
the philosophical, political, religious, ethical, and social
inuences of a historical period.
Reading Skills Identify and understand
chronological order; identify and understand graphic
elements; use text organizers such as overviews,
headings, and graphic features to locate and categorize
information; read widely to increase knowledge of the
students culture, the culture of others, and the
common elements across cultures; identify and
understand elements of text structures (including
headings and sections).

What Do You Think? What human needs and desires do we

have in common?
Time Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1024
Introduction to the Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 1026
Link to Today
Ellen Goodman Thanksgiving Memories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

COLLECTION
SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and
analyze the characteristics of war literature; implied
metaphor; historical context; tone; subjective and
objective reporting; gures of speech.
Reading Skills Visualize the text; analyze a writers
message; respond to graphics; read closely for details;
use context clues to determine the meaning of words.
Informational Skills Analyze an authors arguments;
read closely for details.

14

Literary Focus War Literature

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 1035

Reading Focus Visualizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

1037

Randall Jarrell The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

1039

Link to Today
Brenda Payton Honor at Last . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NEWSPAPER ARTICLE 1042
Elie Wiesel from Night translated by Marion Wiesel . . . . . . . . . . . MEMOIR 1047
GRAPHIC NOVEL

John Hersey A Noiseless Flash from Hiroshima . . . . . . . . . . . . .

REPORTAGE

Mitsuye Yamada Desert Run . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

COLLECTION

Reading Skills Draw conclusions about characters;

draw inferences about characters.

A20

1032

The Wages of War

Art Spiegelman from Maus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and

analyze elements of American drama; character
motivation; credibility in literature.

ESSAY

15

POEM

1060
1067
1083

Contemporary
Drama

Literary Focus American Drama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 1089

Arthur Miller Why I Wrote The Crucible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

1095

Reading Focus Drawing Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

1097

DRAMA

1098

Arthur Miller The Crucible. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

COLLECTION

16

Contemporary
Fiction

Literary Focus Characterization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 1169

Analyzing Visuals Analyzing a Movie Still . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1171
Bernard Malamud The Magic Barrel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 1173
John Updike Son . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 1187
Tim OBrien Speaking of Courage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 1195
Raymond Carver Everything Stuck to Him . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 1207
Anne Tyler Teenage Wasteland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 1215
Julia Alvarez Daughter of Invention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 1225
Reading Focus Analyzing a Writers Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and

analyze characterization; static and dynamic characters;
theme; conict; credibility in literature; the characteristics of a writers style; character motivation; biographical information; symbols; the use of catalog.
Reading Skills Draw inferences about characters;
analyze the sequence of events in a text; analyze
historical context, especially political and social inuences of the time; learn through questioning; make
predictions as a strategy for comprehension; make
inferences about characters; analyze a writers message;
interpret/analyze details; identify and understand patterns of organization.

1237

Amy Tan Rules of the Game from The Joy Luck Club . . . . . . . . . . . NOVEL 1239
Comparing Texts
Themes Across Genres. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1251
Joyce Carol Oates The Sky Blue Ball . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 1253
Brian Doyle Joyas Voladoras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 1258
Bill Watterson Calvin and Hobbes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CARTOON

1264

Contents A21

COLLECTION

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Understand and

analyze the characteristics of autobiography; dialogue
in nonction; characterization; a personal, or informal,
essay; political context; tone; allusions.
Reading Skills Interpret/analyze details; make
inferences about characters; identify the main idea by
outlining; evaluate an authors arguments; identify and
understand a writers background.

17

Contemporary
Nonfiction

Literary Focus Autobiographical Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

1267

Richard Wright from Black Boy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AUTOBIOGRAPHY 1269

Maxine Hong Kingston The Girl Who Wouldnt Talk

from The Woman Warrior . . . . . . . . . . . . MEMOIR 1283

Alice Walker from In Search of Our Mothers Gardens . . . . PERSONAL ESSAY 1293
James Baldwin Autobiographical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AUTOBIOGRAPHY

Reading Focus Understanding a Writers Background . . . . . . . . .

ESSAY

1301
1307

Sandra Cisneros Straw into Gold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 1309

COLLECTION

SKILLS FOCUS Literary Skills Relate poetry to personal experience; understand and analyze irony; philosophical context; symbols; characteristics of a villanelle;
imagery; personication; tone; the uses of rhyme; the
characteristics of a writers style; concrete and abstract
language; biographical information; sound eects in
poetry; refrain; parallelism; elements of poetry; theme;
apostrophe; allusions; repetition; archetypes; political
context; diction.
Reading Skills Identify/analyze tone; interpret/analyze details; use paraphrasing or retelling as a strategy
for comprehension; draw inferences such as conclusions, generalizations, and predictions, and support
them using the text; summarize a text; identify key
words; analyze poem structure; analyze a writers message; analyze characteristics of free verse; interpret and
analyze details; analyze themes across cultures; analyze
historical context, especially political and social inuences of the time; close reading.

18

Contemporary
Poetry

Literary Focus Poetry and Personal Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 1319

W. H. Auden The Unknown Citizen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 1321
Elizabeth Bishop The Fish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

1327

One Art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

1330

Anne Sexton The Bells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

1335

Sylvia Plath Mirror. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

1339

Mushrooms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 1341

Gwendolyn Brooks The Bean Eaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

1345

In Honor Of David Anderson Brooks,

My Father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

1345

Reading Focus Summarizing a Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESSAY 1349

Billy Collins Man Listening to Disc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 1351
Judith Ortiz Cofer The Latin Deli: An Ars Poetica . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

1357

Rita Dove Testimonial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

1363

Garrett Hongo What For . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

1367

Nikki Giovanni The Beep Beep Poem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

1373

Natasha Trethewey Providence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

1377

Naomi Shihab Nye Trying to Name What Doesnt Change . . . . . .POEM 1381
Norbert Krapf Prayer from Three Paumanok Pieces . . . . . . . . . . . .

A22

POEM

1385

Comparing Texts
Themes Across Cultures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1389
Derek Walcott Elsewhere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .POEM 1391
Agha Shahid Ali Medusa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

POEM

1397

Jhumpa Lahiri When Mr. Pirzada Came to Dine . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 1401
Edwidge Danticat The Book of the Dead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHORT STORY 1419
Richard Rodriguez from Days of Obligation:

An Argument with My Mexican Father . . ESSAY 1430

Gurinder Chadha Bend It Like Beckham . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MOVIE POSTER

1434

Writing Workshop Literary Analysis: Nonction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1436

Preparing for Timed Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1445
Media Workshop Analyzing and Using Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1446
Preparing for Standardized Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1454

Literary Skills Review

Amy Lowell September, 1918 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM
Julia Alvarez How I Learned to Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POEM
Vocabulary Skills Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Writing Skills Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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1455
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1459

Read On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1460

Resource Center
Handbook of Literary and
Historical Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1464
World of Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1483
Writers Handbook. . . . . . . . . . . . 1488

Language Handbook . . . . . . . . .
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Spanish Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Academic Vocabulary Glossary
in English and Spanish . . . . . . . .

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1536
1545

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . .
Picture Credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of Skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of Authors and Titles . . . .

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1564
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Contents A23