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A
Project Report
Based On
AutoCAD
A Project Submitted
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements
For the Degree of
Bachelor of Technology
In Civil Engineering
By
BHART SHARMA
Roll No:-1288642
Under the guidance of
Er. GURSHARAN SINGH
Head of Civil Department
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
GLOBAL COLLEGE OF ENGG. & TECH.
KAHNPUR KHUI
2015
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I feel immense pleasure in submitting this training report on AutoCAD we avail the
opportunity in acknowledging to that entire individual who have directly or indirectly
contributed towards the completion of this report.
We are grateful to respected Er. Gursharan Singh the moral support, guidance and
constructive criticism for evaluation of this training report.
I am sincere thankful to Mr. Karan Kaundal for their support, cooperation,
motivation and time provided to me during the training for constant inspiration,
presence and blessings.
We cannot find words to carbide may deep sense of gratitude towards my loving
parents. As without their cooperation, inspiring encouragement and great patience it
would not had been possible to steer the course of this training report to fruition.
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CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that BHART SHARMA university registration no. 1288642, has
undergone software training at CADD CENTRE UNA (H.P.) in partial fulfilment
of requirement of award of bachelor of technology degree in Civil engineering. He
has successfully completed his training.
Signature of H.O.D
Principal
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CONTENTS
S NO.
Topics
1.
2.
3.
4.
Introduction
Design cycle
GUI
Option in menu bar
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Drawing units
Co-ordinate system & Commands in AutoCAD
Isometric views & Other commands
Layers
Array
Hatching
Dimensioning
Plotting
Reference and Bibliography
Page
5
6
7
8
Filling information
9-10
11
12-17
18-21
22
23-26
26-29
29
30
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INTRODUCTION
About AutoCAD:
Auto CAD, a product from Autodesk is a Computer Aided Design (CAD)
program used by just about every Engineering and Design office in the world.
AutoCAD is one of the worlds leading 2D and 3D CAD design tools.
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Design Cycle
Need
Set Of Problem
Set Of Solutions
Choice
CAD
2D Drawing (AutoCaD)
3D Modeling (3Ds Max,
Testing (Stad pro.)
Planning (Primavera)
Production
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1. File
2. Edit
3. View
4. Insert
5. Format
6. Tool
7. Draw
8. Dimension
9.
Modify
10. Parametric
11. Window
12. Help
13. Express
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Function Keys:
F1:-
Online help
F2:-
F3:-
F6:-
F9:-
Mechanical
acadiso
matric
(mm)
420297
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NEW: - ctrl+n
Menu filenew
Write in command prompt area
OPEN: - ctrl+o
Menufileopen
Write in command prompt area:-Open
To save the page.
SAVE: - ctrl+s
Menufilesave
Write on command prompt area
If we change in project after save it, change will save automatically to save project.
SAVE AS:-ctrl+shift+s
Menufilesave as
If we change in project after save as, there is no change I our saved project.
MOVE: - m
Move
menumodifymove
First select move, then select objects, then press ENTER and select pick point, then
move object.
In command prompt area
Select object:Specify a base point or [Displacement]:Specify second point <use first as a displacement>
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Drawing Units: - un
Menuformetunit
COPY: - co
MenuEdit copy
When in command prompt area
Select object:
Specify base object or [displacement]:
Specify second point or<use first as displacement>:
First select copy, then select objects, then press ENTER and select pick point, then
paste object.
Copy with base point: - Menu File Copy with base
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COMMANDS IN AUTOCAD:-
LINE: L
Line
Menu draw line
Toolbar palettes tool palettes draw line
CO-ORDINATE SYSTEMS
1. Absolute Co-ordinate system: In this system we gives values in X & Y
from origin.
Conditions: Origin is always fixed.
In case of closed object starting point and end point is same.
Example: command: _ line
Specify first point: 0,0
Specify next point or [undo]: -2,0
Specify next point or [undo]: -2,2
Specify next point or [close/undo]: 4,2
Specify next point or [close/undo]: 4,0
Specify next point or [close/undo]: 2,0
Specify next point or [close/undo]: 2,-4
Specify next point or [close/undo]: 0,-4
Specify next point or [close/undo]: 0,0 or c
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2:- Relative Rectangular Co-ordinate System:In this system previous point is considered as 0,0.
Example:-command: - line
Specify first point:0,0
Specify next point or [undo]:@-3,0
Specify next point or [undo]:@0,-6
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@3,0
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@0,-3
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@-9,0
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@0,3
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@3,0
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@0,6
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@-3,0
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@0,3
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@9,0
Specify next point or [close/undo]: c
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CIRCLE: c
Circle
Menu draw circle
Circle has six types
1. Centre radius
2. Centre diameter
3. 2p
4. 3p
5. ttr (tangent, tangent, radius)
6. ttt (tangent, tangent, tangent).
Command: _circle
Specify centre point for circle or [3p, 3p, ttr]:
Command prompt area does not show option of TTT, we take this option from
Menu circle ttt.
In case of centre-radius, we gives a centre point and radius. In case of centrediameter, we gives a centre point and diameter.
In case of 2p we gives two points on its circumference and in 3p we give three points
on circumference to circle.
TTR type of circle used when need to draw circle between two tangents lines, these
tangent lines touch the circumference of the circle. With the help of TTT option we
can draw circle tangent to three entities.
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Rectangle:
Rec
Menu draw Rectangle
Option in rectangle command: [chamfer/elevation/fillet/thickness/rotate]
Chamfer: First select this command and give forest distance d1 and second
distance d2.
Elevation: To give above distance from other objects. We cant see this
distance from top view. So we have to change view.
Fillet: This option is used to provide round edges to object according to
diameter given.
16
is
used
to
draw
3d
rectangle.
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Ellipse: - el
Ellipse
Menudrawellipse
Options in ellipse command:
[Arc/canter]
ARC :-a
Arc
Menudraware
Arc works in anticlockwise direction. If starts point is at right side and end point is at
left side then direction of arc becomes upward, and if start point is at left side then
direction of arc becomes downward
.
Continue arc
There are 11 types of arc.
1. 3 points.
2. Start center end.
3. Start centre angle.
4. Start center length (chord length).
5. Start end direction.
6. Start end angle.
7. Start end radius.
8. Center start end.
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9. Center start angle.
10. Center start length.
11. Continue arc.
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Isometric views
It is used to show the objects in 3d which are actually in 2d
Isometric views has 3 planes & they all work in 3 angles
Top : 30,150
Left : 90, 150
Right : 30, 90
Plane of isometric views is changed from function key F5
When we set isometric on snap ISOCIRCLE command is added into ellipse.
ISOMETRIC VIEW
Polygon: pol
polygon
MenuDrawPolygon
Polygon becomes in imaginary circle
Polygon is of two types: [inscribed/circumscribed]
Inscribed: In this option polygon becomes inside of circle.
Circumscribed: In this option polygon becomes outside of circle.
Minimum sides of polygon: 3.
Maximum sides of polygon: 1024.
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{INSCRIBED}
{CIRCIMSCRIBED}
ERASE: erase
E
OOPS: oops
This command is used to restore last deleted object.
UNDO: u
Ctrl + z
Menu edit undo
This command is used to back up steps.
REDO: redo
Ctrl + y
This command is opposite to undo. We can restore steps with help of object.
Object selection method:1. Top to bottom (left to right):- This method selects only selected part object.
2. Bottom to top (right to left):- This method selects all object although we select
little part of object.
ROTATE: ro
rotate
Menu Modify Rotate
This command is used for rotate the object, it gives us two options [copy/reference]
Copy: original object remain same and copy of that object make at given angle.
Reference: To move original object to given angle.
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COPY
REFERENCE
SCALE: - sc
Scale
Menumodifyscale
This command is used to change size of object.
MIRROR: - mi
Mirror
Menumodifymirror
In command prompt area
Select object:Specify first point mirror line:
Specify second point of mirror line:
Erase source object? [Yes/No]:
We can mirror text also.
Write MIRRTEXT in command prompt area and enter value 0 or 1.
BREAK: - br
Break
Menumodifybreak
Select two points of linear object to break.
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Join: j
Join:
This command join only two linear points. In case of arc, if we draw arc we can
change arc in circle by enter C after entering join command.
Zoom: - Z
A
All
Fit to screen
Dynamic
Previous
Scale
Window
Regeneration:-Re
of object.
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Layers: - la
Layers are used to represent the components of an object with different colour line
type etc.
Menu bar > Format > Layers
New Layer:
Layer name > Dimensions > Continue
Block: - b
It has one pick point.
There are 3 cases:1. Retain: drawings do not changes
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Array: - ar
Array
Menumodifyarray
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Rectangular array: - In this first we set no. o rows and columns then select object
and set row and column offset and give angle to object.
Polar array: - Here we can set position of X, Y co-ordinates then select object and
then select option methods and values.
Rectangular array
100,000 elements can be created.
Polar array
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Stretch: - s
Stretch
Menumodifystretch
We can stretch object with help of this command. First select stretch command then
select area to stretch and then click on grip and stretch that end of object, and for
select two or more grips press shift key. One end of object should be fix.
stretched object
Solid: - so
Solid
By use of this command object appears solid. To make solid object select all points of
object.
Donut: - do
Donut
Menudrawdonut
Donut
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Fill: - fill
[On/Off] if fill is off then SOLID, DONUT etc. dose not show color in it.
Table: - tb
Table
TABLE STYLE:-
Fillet:- f
Fillet
Menu modifyfillet
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Chamfer: - cha
chamfer
Hatching: - h
Hatch
Menudrawhatching
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Gradient: - gradient
Menudrawgradient
Area: - area
Aa
Menu tool inquiry area
List: - li
List
Menutoolinquirylist
This command give us information all about objeject.
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Extend: - ex
Extend
Calculator: - cal
Calculator
Quick calculator: - QC
Ctrl+8
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Offset: o
Offset
Menu modify offset
Option in offset command: [through/erase/undo]
Offset of line
Offset of rectangle
offset of circle
Taskbar: - Write it in command prompt area
This command is used to see all windows at taskbar.
Dimension style: D
Dst
Menu dimension dimstyle
Menu format dimension style
By default dimension style in Auto CAD is standard (iso ISO-25)
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Plotting: - Ctrl+P
Plot area:Print style: - coloured
New: start nametable view
Plot in background:Plot stamp: - Date & time, name
A view on one sheet
Insert layout
View view part
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