Académique Documents
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Culture Documents
format
1080i 1080 visible lines , interlaced
1080p 1080 visible lines progressive scan
2CS 2 carrier Sound (or 2 channel stereo)
480i 480 visible lines , interlaced
480p 480 visible lines progressivescan
ACI Automatic channel installation algorithm that installs TV channels directly from a cable network by means
of a predefined TXT page
Active standby ‐ the set is in semi standby mode . All circuits in the set except powered up and fully active . the
set appears to be in normal stadby mode for the costumer . audioo utput and the lcd display are The module is in
"On" or " Logical standby" state.
ADC analog to digital convertor
AFC Automatic frequency control; control signal used to tune and lock to the correct frequency
AGC Automatic gain control (feedback ) signal to the tuner . This circuit ensures a constant output amplitude
regardless of the inout amplitude
AM Amplitude modulation ; A "data encoding to a carrier " method , such that the carrier amplitude is
proportional to to the data value
APorA/P asia pacefic
AR Aspect ratio 4:3 or 16:9
ASD Automatic standard detection
ASK amplitude‐shift keying
ATSC ‐ Advanced Television Systems Committee
Audio Interface ‐ allows audio to be digitized by the audio codec and processed by DSP to provide high‐quality
audio for MPEG/AC3 requirements.
AV External Audio video
B/G Monochrome tv system . sound carrier distance is 5.5 MHz B=VHF band ,G=UHF band
BOCMA Bimos one chip mid‐end architecture:video and chroma decoder
B‐SC1‐IN Blue SCART1/EXT1 in
B‐SC2‐IN Blue SCART2/EXT2 in
B‐TXT Blue teleteXT
CBA Circuit board Assembly ( also called PCB or PWB0
C‐FRONT Chrominance front input
CL Constant level : audio output to connect with an external amplifier
CLUT Colour lookup table
COF Chip On Film
COG Chip On Glass
COLUMBUS COLour LUMinance Baseband Universal Subsystem. IC performing noise reductionand 2D/3D comb filtering
ComPair Computer aided repair . A toolfor diagnosing a /tv through a PC controlled interface
computer formates VGA (640x480)MAC (640x480)SVGA (800x600) XVGA(1024x768) WXGA(1280x768)
CPLDs Complex programmable logic device
CSM Customer Service Mode
CTI chroma transient improvement
CVBS Composite Video and Blanking signal; A signal video signal that contains luminance ,colour ,and timing information
DAC Digital to Analog convertor
DBE Dynamic Bass Enhancement :extra low frequency amplification
Demodulation RF ‐ performs COFDM/QAM/QPSK demodulation, Forward Error Correction (FEC) and video mux.
DFU Directions for Use : Owners manual
DNR Dynamic noise reduction/Digital noise reduction; noise reduction feature of the set
DPSK differential phase‐shift keying
DRAM Dynamic RAM ; Dynamically refreshed RAM
DSP Digital Signal Processing
DSP ‐ performs MPEG encoder/decoder, video, voice/AC3/MPEG audio processing.
DST Dealer service tool; special remote control designed for dealer to enter e.g. service mode ( a DST emulator
is available in compair )
EEPROM electrically erasable and programmable read only memory
EPG Electronic program guide : system used by broadcasters to transmit /tv guide information(=NextTView)
EU Europe
EXT EXTernal (source),entering the set by SCART or by Jacks
FBL Fast blanking ; dc signal accompanyingRGB signals . To blank the video side of the screen to the left side
.The video level is brought down below the black video level signal when itis returning from the right
Field‐programmable gate array (FPGA):
FM Field memory‐ a memory chip that is capable of storing one or more TV picture fields / Frequency
modulation; atechnique that sends data as frequency variation of a carrier signal
FRC Frame rate convertor
Frequency Phase‐Locked Loop (FPLL) detector
FSK, frequency‐shift keying
H H_sync to the module
HA Horizontal Acquisition ; horizontal sync pulse
HD High definition
HP Headphone
I Monochrome TV system . sound carrier distance is 6.0MHz .VHF and UHF band
I2C Intigrated IC bus
I2S Intigrated IC sound businter‐IC sound (I2S)
IC Intigrated circuit
IF Intermediate frequency / interface
Interlaced Scan mode where two fields are used to form one frame. Each field containshalf the number of the
total amount of lines. The fields are written in pairs causing line flicker
IR Infra Red
IRQ Interrupt ReQuest
ITO Indium‐Tin Oxide
JTAG Joint Test Action Group
L/L' Monochrome TV system . Sound carrier distance is 6.5 MHz. L' is Band 1 , L is all bands except band 1
Last status The settins last chosen by the customer and read and stored in RAM or in the NVM. They are called
atstart‐up of the set to continue it according to the customer's preferences
LATAM LATin AMerica
LC04 Philips chasis name for LCD TV 2004 project
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
LCD Interface ‐ parallel digital video is converted into serial data for transmitting to the TFT (Thin Film Transistor)
controller via the LVDS (Low‐Voltage Differential Signaling) transmitters and receivers. The LCD display is
ll d b h ( ld h d l ) b kl h d h / d
LED Light Emitting Diode ; A semiconductor diode that emitts light when a current is passed through it
LS Loud Speaker
LVDS Low Voltage Differential Signalling , data transmission system for high speed and low EMI
M/N Monochrome TV system . Sound carrier distance is 4.5 MHz. M=525 lines @60Hz , N=625 lines@50 Hz
MCU ‐ controls system electronic, network, and user interface.
Memory ‐ stores executing code and data/parameters.
MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
MPEG Motion Picture Expert Group . An ISO/IEC body that has given its name to an image compressing
MSP Multi Standard Sound processor ITT sound decoder
msps‐ mega samples per seconds
MUTE Mute line
NC Not connected
NICAM Near Instantaneous Companded Audio Multiplexing; This is a digita sound system ,mainly used in
NTSC National Television Standard Committee. Colour system used mainlyin north America and Japan .Colour
carrier NTSC M/N=3.579545MHz
NTSC4.43= 4.433619MHz (this is a VCR norm , it is not transmitted off air)
NVM Non Volatile Memory; IC containing data such as alignment values , preset stations
O/C Open Circuit
On state ‐ in this state the module can perform the followig pre programmed functions: ‐VCR (digital
program)records ‐VCR (digital program)records ‐ EPG updates‐Over the air software download signaling
detection and software download can be performed.
ON/OFF LED on/off control signal for the LED
OQPSK‐ Offset quadrature phase‐shift keying is a variant of phase‐shift keying modulation using 4 different values of
OSD On Screen Display
OTA (Over‐The‐Air) phase to transmit
PAL Phase Alternating line . Colour system used mainly in western Europe( colour carrier 4.433619MHz )
and South America (colour carrier PALM=3.575612 and PAL N =3.582056MHz0
PAL B ,PAL G, PAL H , PAL I PAL D, PAL K : colour standard PAL, colour carrier at 4.43MHz field frequency 50Hz.
PAL M : colour standard PAL , colour carrier at 3.58 MHz, field frequency:60Hz
PAL N : colour standard PAL , colour carrier at 3.58MHz,field frequency 50Hz
NTSC M; colour standard NTSC , colour carrier at 3.58MHz , field frequency :60Hz
passive stand by‐ the set is in stand by mode . the module is in off state.
PC Personal computer
PCB Printed circuit board(or PWB)
PIP Picture in picture
PLL phase locked loop . Used for ,example in FST tuning system. The customer can directly provide the desired
frequency Frequency Phase‐Locked Loop (FPLL) detector
power states ‐ off state ‐ set is powerd off by main switch .The module is not powered.
Progressive scan scan mode where all scan lines are displayed in one frame at the same time, creating a double
vertical resolution
PSK Phase‐shift keying is a digital modulation scheme that conveys data by changing, or modulating, the phase of
a reference signal (the carrier wave).
PWB printed Wiring Board (also called PCBor CBA)
Video Interface ‐ selects video source to be decoded/encoded by ADC/DAC and DSP.
Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) (Pronounced kwa:m or kam) is a modulation scheme which conveys
data by changing (modulating) the amplitude of two carrier waves. These two waves, usually sinusoids, are out of
phase with each other by 90° and are thus called quadrature carriers—hence the name of the scheme . Analog
QAM is used in NTSC and PAL television systems, where the I‐ and Q‐signals carry the components of chroma
(colour) information.
(QSS) quasi split sound concepts
QSS‐SR ‐ Quasi split sound single reference, older concepts with two references for vision and sound IF are not
discussedprogrammable gain amplifiers (PGAs),
power states ‐ off state ‐ set is powerd off by main switch .The module is not powered.
passive stand by‐ the set is in stand by mode . the module is in off state.
Active standby ‐ the set is in semi standby mode . All circuits in the set except audioo utput and the lcd display are powered
up and fully active . the set appears to be in normal stadby mode for the costumer . The module is in "On" or " Logical
On state ‐ in this state the module can perform the followig pre programmed functions:
‐VCR (digital program)records ‐ EPG updates ‐Over the air software download signaling detection and software
download can be performed.
PVA ‐ (Patterned Vertical Alignment), S‐PVA– Patterned Vertical Alignment is a proprietary Samsung technology
for achieving wide viewing angle.
Phase‐shift keying (PSK) is a digital modulation scheme that conveys data by changing, or modulating, the phase
of a reference signal (the carrier wave).
RAM Random Access Memory
RC Remote control transmitter
RC5 or 6 Remote control system 5 or6 , the signal from the remote control receiver
RGB Red, Green, and Blue colour space ; The primary colour signal for TV. By mixing levels of R,G,and B all
colours (Y/C) are reproduced
RGBHV Red , Green,Blue,horizontalsync,and Vertical sync
ROM Read Only Memory
RSDS Reduced Swing Differential Signaling
SAM Service alignment mode
SC Sand Castle:two level pulses derived from sync signal
SC‐in Scart in
SC ‐out SCART out
S/C short Circuit
SCART Syndicate des Constructeurs etd'Appareils Radiorecepteurs et televiseurs; this is a 21 ‐pin connector
used in EU , that carries various audio , video, and control signals (it is also called Peritel connector
SCL Serial Clock Signal on I2C bus
SD Standard definition
SDA Serial DAta signal on I2C bus
SDRAM Synchronous DRAM
SECAM SEquence Couleur Avec Memorie; colour system mainly used in France and East Europe . The chroma is
FM modulated and the R‐Y and B‐Y signals are transmittd line sequentially. colour carrier =4.406250MHz and
SIF Sound intermediate frequency
SMPS Switch mode power supply
SND SouND
SNDL‐SC1‐in sound left SCART1 in
SNDL ‐SC1‐out sound left scart out
SNDR‐SC2‐in sound right SCART2 in
SNDR ‐SC2‐out sound right SCART 2 out
SOPS Self Oscillating Power Supply
S/PDIF Sony Philips Digital Interface; This is a consumer interface used to transfer digital audio
spi‐ serial periferal interface
SRAM Static RAM
STBY STandBY
SVHS Super Video Home System
SW Software or Subwoofer or Switch
STN super twisted nematic
S‐IPS –Super In Plane Switching – developed by LG Philips
S‐PVA – Super Patterned Vertical Alignment
THD Total Harmonic Distortion
TXT Teletext; TXT is a digital addition to analogue TV signal that containtextual and graphical information
(25rows x40 columns ) the information is transmitted within the first 25 lines during the Vertical Blank interval
(VBI)TEXT/Control/Graphics m‐Controller (TCG m‐Controller)
TS MPEG‐2 Transport Stream (inlcuding sync bytes). Transport stream (TS, TP, MPEG‐TS, or M2T) is a communications
protocol for audio, video, and data. It is a type of digital container format that encapsulates packetized elementary streams
and other data. TS is specified in MPEG‐2 Part 1, Systems (ISO/IEC standard 13818‐1).[1] It is also known as ITU‐T Rec.
H.222.0. Its design goal is to allow multiplexing of digital video and audio and to synchronize the output. Transport stream
offers features for error correction for transportation over unreliable media, and is used in broadcast applications such as
DVB and ATSC It is contrasted with program stream designed for more reliable media such as DVDs
TMDS ‐ Transition Minimized Differential Signaling is a technology for transmitting high‐speed serial
TCP Tape Carrier Package
TS ‐ transport stream
TN, STN, FSTN–Twisted Nematic, Super Twisted Nematic, Film Super Twisted Nematic
UOCIII = (Microcontroller + Video Proccessor + Sound Proccessor + IF),
uP microprocessor
UART ‐ universal Asynchronous Receive transmitter‐ serial interface fortransfer data between two devices.
VA Vertical Acquisition
VL Variable Level out: processed audio output towards external amplifier
VCR Video cassette Recorder
VGA Video Graphic Array; 640x480(4:3)
VSP ‐Video Signal Processor (VSP)
WD Watch dog
WYSIWYR what you see is your record:record selection that follows mainpicture and sound
XTAL Quartz crystal
Y Luminance signal
Y/C Y consists of luminance signal,blanking level and sync ; C consists of chroma (colour) signal
YPbPr This is a scaled version of the YUV colour space . Y= Luminance , Pb/Pr=colour difference signal B‐Y and R‐
y, other amplitude w.r.t.to YUV
YUV ‐ Colour space used by the NTSC and PAL video systems . Y is the luminance and U/V are the colour difference signals