Académique Documents
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UDC: 904:739.2"652"(37)
DOI: 10.2298/STA1060095P
e-mail: ivpop@eunet.rs
Received: August 09, 2010
Accepted: November 30, 2010
Abstract. In the hinterland of the middle Adriatic, at the sites Ivo{evci (Burnum) and Podgra|e (Asseria), were found the
knee-like fibulae made of silver, on which were hanged the chains made of silver twisted wire with pendants. Silver fibulae of same
type, also with hanged silver chains, were found in the region of south-east Dalmatia, at the sites Komini (Municipium S) and
Kolovrat. These finds confirmed the already existing thesis about the migration of the part of population from middle Dalmatia
into its south-east regions around Komini and Kolovrat. The anlysis of jewelry from that region confirmed also the existence of an
older ethnic component, maybe of Celtic origin, whose style of decorations is close to that one practiced by the inhabitants of the
upper and middle part of Drina Valley. The specific local forms of decorations and jewelry have their origin in the transformation
of the long-lasting influences from the Greek cultural circle and they bear witness to the conservatism of this population.
Key words. Roman jewelry, fibulae, silver, province Dalmatia.
* The article results from the project: Urbanization and Transformation of the City Centres of Civil, Military and Residential Character in the
Region of the Roman Provinces Moesia, Pannonia, Dalmatia (no 147001) funded by the Ministry of Science and Technological Development
of the Republic of Serbia.
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12
Patsch 1909, 157158, Fig. 70; Popovi} 1996a, Fig. 5; Popovi} 2010, Fig. 2.
13 Zotovi} 1990, 161163, sl. 16; Popovi} 1996a, Fig. 7; Popovi} 2002, Fig. 14; Popovi} 2010, Fig. 5.
14 Popovi} 2010, Fig. 7.
15 Popovi} 1996a, Fig. 10, 11.
16 Popovi} 1996a, Fig. 12.
17 Popovi} 1997, Fig. 7.
18 Popilian 1998, 4370, Fig. 19.
19 Popilian 1998, 4445; Popovi} 1996, 142; Darnay 1911,
311328.
20 Popovi} 2002, 5354; 6366; 100102; 106108.
21 Mileti} 1963, br. 5557; ^remo{nik 1963, 119, sl. 10.
22 Popovi} 2002, kat. 1921.
23 Popovi} 1996, 145.
24 Jovanovi} 1978, 82, kat. 9, 1214, Sl. 163, 166, 167.
25 Cermanovi}-Kuzmanovi} 1995, 227, sl. 1, 2.
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Fig. 2. Finds of silver anchor-like fibulae, twisted chains and pendants in the form of ivy-leaf
from Drina Valley, Pannonia and Oltenia: hoards of silver jewelry; tombstones;
1. Janja; 2. Dvorska; 3. Brigetio; 4. Gorj; 5. Vrtop; 6. Blcia;
a) Voljevica; b) Crvica; c) Skelani; d) Vrhpolje; e) Bajina Ba{ta; f) Se~a Reka
Sl. 2. Nalazi srebrnih lengerastih fibula, upletenih lanaca i privezaka u formi br{qanovog lista
iz Podriwa, Panonije i Oltenije: ostave srebrnog nakita; nadgrobni spomenici;
1. Jawa; 2. Dvorska; 3. Brigecio; 4. Gorj; 5. Vartop; 6. Balacica;
a) Voqevica; b) Crvica; c) Skelani; d) Vrhpoqe; e) Bajina Ba{ta; f) Se~a Reka
cylindrical head was hanged a silver twisted chain, ending with a ring on which is hanged a discoid silver pendant, with a clear cut surface and a bigger round perforation in the centre (Fig. 4). As the conditions of this
find are not known, fibula is dated into the 2nd3rd century, on the basis of the dominant number of the finds of
knee-like fibulae during this period.27 On the other hand,
in Podgra|e (Asseria) in 1932 was discovered a grave of
the cremated deceased person, which contained a bronze
medallion of Faustina the Younger, minted between 161
and 175, most probably during the last third of the 2nd
century, and one silver knee-like fibula on which were
hanged silver chains with pendants.28 Unfortunately,
this fibula is lost, but on the ground of the photo29 (Fig.
5) it can be concluded that on the hoop, to its cylindrical
26
27
28
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Fig. 3. Silver anchor-like fibulae, twisted chains and pendants in the form of ivy-leaf,
Brigetio, British Museum, London
Sl. 3. Srebrne lengeraste fibule, upleteni lanci i privesci u formi br{qanovog lista,
Brigecio, Britanski muzej u Londonu
Fig. 4. Silver knee fibula with pendants, Ivo{evci (Burnum), after [eparovi}, Uroda 2009, n 123
Fig. 5 . Silver knee fibula with pendants, Podgra|e (Asseria), after [eparovi}, Uroda 2009, fig. on p. 8
Sl. 4. Srebrna kolenasta fibula sa privescima, Ivo{evci (Burnum), prema: [eparovi}, Uroda 2009, br.123
Sl. 5. Srebrna kolenasta fibula sa privescima, Podgra|e (Asseria), prema: [eparovi}, Uroda 2009, sl. na str. 8
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persons took place from the 1st to the end of the 3rd century,30 the silver knee-like fibulae are not registered,
but, in the grave of the deceased no. 303, in the ceramic
urn with the remains of the funeral pile was registered
also a fragmented silver chain (Fig. 6),31 which points
that silver fibulae were also part of the grave inventory.
Besides the usual variants of the bronze fibulae of
Aucissa type, in this necropolis was also discovered one
bronze specimen with the large granules on the brim of
the arch and with silver bands decorated with encrustation on it.32 But, in the younger necropolis II of this site,
in which the burials are dated from the end of the 1st to the
end of the 4th century,33 in the graves from the 2nd3rd
century are registered silver knee-like fibulae in combination with the chains made of silver twisted wire. These
are the graves of the cremated deceased persons, whose
remains were placed into the small boxes for ashes and
urns with the lid, which are registered north and east from
the tomb X, in the direction towards the settlement. In
the grave no. 2/1975 was discovered a silver knee-like
fibula (Fig. 7),34 next to which there was a fragmented
29
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silver fibulae, most probably of the Aucissa type, ornamented with big grains. Although the fibulae are severely damaged by fire, it is noticeable that the wire with
the grains at the ends and in the middle was pulled
through the cut on the bow, and in this way three rows
of grains were formed on it.40 The bronze specimens of
35
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b
Fig. 14. Tombstone, Komini (Municipium S), necropolis II:
a) view; b) detail, documentation of Faculty of Philosophy, Center for Archaeological Research
Sl. 14. Nadgrobni spomenik, Komini (Municipium S), nekropola II:
a) izgled; b) detaq, dokumentacija Filozofskog fakulteta, Centra za arheolo{ka istra`ivawa
material from the Drina Valley, but which can depict the
types of this jewelry, registered in Komini and Kolovrat. But, although this relief, in all probability, reflects
some sort of interweaving of the decorations common in
the lower and middle part of the Drina Valley with those
from the regions of its south-east tributary rivers, the
deceased woman represented on it has one fibula on each
shoulder, which does not solve the problem of the single
finds of knee-like silver fibulae with chains at the sites
in south and central Dalmatia. The short silver chains,
discovered next to the silver knee-like fibulae from Komini and Kolovrat, were probably hanged on their cylindrical heads, but, because the relief representations are
lacking, it can not be said with certainty in which place
and in which position these fibulae were worn. The supposition that these fibulae were worn by men, who used
only one specimen of this decoration for connecting the
clothes on the right shoulder, does not seem probable,
having on mind that not on one relief from the province
of Dalmatia to the fibula on the shoulder of the male figures the chains and pendants were added. So, on the tombstone with the busts of two men and a woman from the
necropolis II in Komini,70 the male figure left from the
central female figure on the right shoulder has a knee-like
69
70
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Fig. 16. Use of fibulae with chains and pendants in south-east and central Dalmatia:
finds of silver knee fibulae with chains; tombstones:
1. Podgra|e; 2. Ivo{evci; 3. Komini; 4. Kolovrat; a) Komini; b) Lisi~i}i near Konjic; c) Zenica
Sl. 16. Upotreba fibula sa lancima i privescima u ju`noj, jugoisto~noj i centralnoj Dalmaciji:
nalazi srebrnih kolenastih fibula sa lancima; nadgrobni spomenici:
1. Podgra|e; 2. Ivo{evci; 3. Komini; 4. Kolovrat; a) Komini; b) Lisi~i}i kod Kowica; c) Zenica
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79
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