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GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING - 1
LAB #4: CONSOLIDATION TEST
CE 383 Fall 2014
Consolidation test
2
Content
3
ASTM
D2435
Analysis of results
Consolidation
4
Consolidation
5
Applied load
Porous stone
Soil sample
Consolidation ring
Fiber-glass casing
Porous stone
Consolidation
6
Consolidation equipment
7
Loading frame
Load cell
LVDT
Consolidation cell
Consolidation ring
Porous stones
Filter paper
Test procedure
8
Consolidation ring
Test procedure
9
Test procedure
10
Test procedure
11
Test procedure
12
Test procedure
13
Test procedure
14
Test procedure
15
Test Procedure
When all loading steps are completed, remove the sample and
measure the water content and the dry weight of the soil
sample
Loading schedule
17
Loading Step
Stress (kPa)
Duration (hr.)
Comment
50
24
Loading
100
24
Loading
200
24
Loading
400
24
Loading
800
24
Loading
400
24
Unloading
200
24
Unloading
100
24
Unloading
50
24
Unloading
18
Analysis of results
Required calculation
19
0% Consolidation
cv = coefficient of
consolidation
e4t1
50% Consolidation
et100
100% Consolidation
log t1
log 4t1
Primary consolidation
et0
2
cv = 0.196
50
H = average height of
sample (double drainage)
Secondary Consolidation
log t50
log t100
log(time)
2
= 0.196
50
= 1.26 2 min
Square-root-of-time method
24
Square-root-of-time method
Sample height
A
0.848 2
=
90
B
OC = 1.15OB
t90
time
cv
H
0.848
t 90
Consolidation
27
Parameters
pressure svp
Compression index Cc
Recompression or swelling index Cs
Pre-consolidation
4)
5)
6)
Q
P
Horizontal line H
Bisection line B
Tangent line T
log(s vp )
log(s )
Determination of Cc and Cs
29
Determine the final void ratio after consolidation due to each loading step
Use the final void ratio of each loading step when drawing the e vs. log sv
curve
e f e 0 e
Vv
e
Vs
Vv
H
e
Vs
Hs
H H i H f
e
ei
ef
log(s v )
Sample Calculations
31
0.080 9.81
0.0093m 9.35mm
2.7 9.811000 0.00317
wA
Ws
Gs
Date
Time
Elapsed Time(min)
DCDT reading
Deformation (inch)
Deformation (mm)
11/4/2012
11:24:36
0.000
0.0298
0.0000
0.000
11/4/2012
11:24:37
0.017
0.0303
0.0006
0.015
11/4/2012
11:24:38
0.033
0.0308
0.0011
0.027
11/4/2012
11:24:40
0.067
0.0309
0.0012
0.030
11/4/2012
11:24:41
0.083
0.0310
0.0013
0.032
7:58:20
1233.733
0.0643
0.0345
0.876
11/5/2012
8:28:20
1263.733
0.0642
0.0345
0.876
11/5/2012
8:58:20
1293.733
0.0642
0.0345
0.875
11/5/2012
9:28:20
1323.733
0.0643
0.0345
0.876
11/5/2012
9:58:20
1353.733
0.0643
0.0345
0.876
11/5/2012
10:28:20
1383.733
0.0643
0.0345
0.877
11/5/2012
10:58:20
1413.733
0.0643
0.0345
0.876
11/5/2012
11:24:48
1440.2
0.8798
0.0346
0.880
H 0.88 0
0.88 mm
e
H
HS
0.88
9.35
0.094
e f eo e
= 0.497 0.094
= 0.403
Sample Calculations
33
Determination of Hi and Hf
For the first loading step, Hi =sample height at the beginning of test
H f H i H
34
Determination of Cc and Cs
de
de
CC
2.303 sv
d log sv
dsv
NCL
Cc
RCL
1
Cs
de
de
CS
2.303 sv
d log sv
dsv
log s v
35
Questions?