1

Competencies of Registered Nurses

Assumptions:
The competencies of registered nurses are defined based on the
following assumptions:
1. Competency can be categorized into many levels according to the
difficulties and complexities of the practice settings and clients problems.
2. Registered nurses are capable of providing nursing care and
service to patients of all ages, whether ill, healthy, or at risk. Nurses can
work in all healthcare facilities: Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary. They
possess a breadth of knowledge in the treatment of and preventive
measures for patients with diseases or illnesses that are major problems in
the country. They also possess skills in the care of non-complicated cases,
promotion of health, prevention of diseases, and the care of patients in
acute state or with chronic conditions. They have knowledge and basic
skills in providing care in critical or emergency situations and in midwifery.
3. The skills and knowledge of registered nurses can be further
developed and improved through experience, and with the programs and
studies outlined by each organization.
Definition and Components of Competencies of Registered Nurses
The competency of registered nurses means that knowledge, ability,
and attitudes that enable nurses to practice with safety and responsibility

2
within the scope of their profession while being effective team members,
maintaining personal and professional development, and above all, striving
to be decent members of society. These competencies can be categorized
into 8 aspects:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Ethics, Code of Conduct, and the Law

Core Nursing and Midwifery Practices
Professional Characteristics
Leadership, Management, and Quality Improvement
Academics and Research Competencies
Communication and Relationships
Information Technology
Social Competency

Aspect One: Competency in Ethics, Code of conduct, and the Law

Registered nurses demonstrate knowledge and an understanding of the
theories and principles of virtue, ethics, codes of professional conduct,
religion, culture, human rights, consumer rights, childrens rights, patients
rights, general principles of law, the National Health Act, the Mental Health
Act, the Health Security Act, the Health Care Act, the Health Care Facility
Act, the Nursing and Midwifery Profession Act, and other relevant acts.
They are aware of the scope of nursing practices, regulations related to the
limitations and conditions of nursing and midwifery professional practices
and other related professions. Registered Nurses are sensitive to ethical
and legal issues, while still being capable of making moral decisions and

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incorporating morality into their nursing practices appropriately, as
described below:
1. Be aware of ones own values and beliefs and not judge
others based on these values and beliefs. Provide nursing care with
respect to clients values and beliefs as well as human dignity.
2. Realize ones own limitations; be able to consult the
appropriate expert. Never take risks which may adversely affect patients.
3. Be accountable for all outcomes of personal nursing
practices.
4. Assist patients/clients in becoming informed of their rights
and to understand them.
5. Take appropriate actions to protect patients/clients who
are vulnerable to violation of rights and immoral and unethical practices.
6. Be capable of analyzing ethical issues and making ethical
decisions appropriately in uncomplicated health care situations.
7. Perform nursing care with kindness and compassion,
taking into consideration the optimal benefits of clients, the professional
code of ethics, and laws and relevant regulations.
Aspect Two: Core Nursing and Midwifery Practices
Registered nurses are able to integrate concepts, the science of
nursing, as well as related sciences and the art of nursing in basic nursing
practices for safe, efficient, and quality holistic nursing care delivery
through nursing processes, evidence-based information, ethics, and

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professional codes of ethics by taking into consideration the individual in
terms of health promotion, disease prevention, nursing therapeutic, and
rehabilitation for clients across age groups and in any health status
(healthy, at risk, acute, critical, or chronic), particularly illnesses that are the
significant national and community problems.
1. Knowledge of, and ability in, the nursing process
Registered nurses are knowledgeable and capable of providing
care for clients of all age groups and in every state of health (ill, healthy,
or at risk), as well as appropriately promoting health and preventing or
resolving illnesses that are major problems of the country.
1.1 Assess a patients condition by utilizing assessment
techniques suitable to each individual and his or her culture and health
status. Derive from suitable source information necessary for providing
nursing care holistically (physical, mental, intellectual, and social aspects).
1.2 Assess health risks and health promotion factors, including
those concerning the individual, the physical environment, as well as social
and cultural factors.
1.3 Analysis of data and synthesis of the nursing diagnosis based
on data and diagnostic principles through the critical thinking process.

5
1.4 Formulate a nursing care plan using information and
empirical knowledge, and by setting a clear goal/outcome. Engage
patients, families/caregivers in planning practical and specific plans to suit
the individual, society, and the cultural context.
1.5 Perform nursing interventions congruent with nursing
diagnoses and care plans through nursing and relevant knowledge, and
evidence-based, nursing practice techniques according to academic
principles appropriate for clients and their families, including self-care
promotion, safety, and appropriate local wisdom to achieve nursing goals.
1.6 Evaluate nursing interventions in accordance with the
goal/outcome in a timely manner and continuously from the time of
receiving the patient for care until reaching the goal/outcome or when the
patient can take care of him/herself.
1.7 Record nursing care practice accurately, completely in timely
manner according to nursing processes.
2. Knowledge and ability in health promotion and disease prevention
Registered Nurses are knowledgeable in the principles, strategies,
as well as the means of health promotion, empowerment, and behavior
modification. They are also capable of managing health promotion, disease
and illness prevention across age groups, life cycle and conditions,

6
enabling clients to be self-reliant in healthcare at individual, family, group,
and community levels.
2.1 Assess growth and development of the individual by using
appropriate means. Assess health risk factors. Diagnose health and
nutrition conditions, growth and development status, and state of risks
concerning diseases and illnesses throughout life cycle that are a major
issue of the country. Develop an appropriate health promotion plan for the
individual and his or her family.
2.2 Implement principles of health promotion, health education,
behavior modification, and empowerment in promoting important healthrelated behaviors (i.e. exercise, eating, and stress management).
2.3 Provide immunization as specified by Public Health Ministry.
2.4 Provide advice in the care, as well as promotion of the growth
and development. of normal children, detect and correct the deviation and
refer when appropriate.
2.5 Assess and diagnose families, population groups, and
communities through appropriate techniques; and utilize operational
approaches in the community for strengthening and building community
participation so as to reduce risk factors to health and create health
promotion activities;

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2.6 Justify local wisdom and apply it to the prevention of illnesses
and the promotion of health of individuals, families and the communities.
2.7 Initiate health promotion projects, as well as disease and
illness prevention, for families, groups, and communities
3. Knowledge and ability in providing continuing care to ill clients
Registered nurses are knowledgeable in their response to the
needs of individuals and families regarding physical, mental, and social
aspects of health. They are capable of implementing nursing therapeutic
principles in providing continuity of care to patients in acute, emergency,
critical or chronic states that are uncomplicated until they are capable of
self-care or transferred to an appropriate care unit, or in the case of death.
They also understand their own role in managing a public disaster.
3.1 Assess health status, risk conditions, and self-care abilities.
Diagnose clients health status and provide safe care for clients in acute,
emergency, critical or chronic states.
3.2 Implement nursing therapeutic principles and technology in
alleviating symptoms, providing comfort, observing, and preventing any
complications or disability and the spread of disease, as well as the
promotion of rehabilitation suitable for the nature of the illness and specific
for each individual.

8
3.3 Apply continuity of care principles and home health care
principles in developing the potential of patients regarding self care.
3.4 Apply palliative care principles for terminally-ill patient and
family so that he or she can pass away peacefully and with dignity.
3.5 Justify local wisdom and search for social support in providing
appropriate care for patients.
4. Knowledge and ability in family nursing and midwifery
Registered nurses are knowledgeable in family theories, the
physical and psychosocial stages of women during pregnancy, childbirth,
and the post-natal period. They are capable of providing pre-natal care
services, risk condition screening, normal delivery, care of the mother and
the newborn and the family during the post natal period, and being an
advocate for breast feeding and family planning services.
4.1 Utilize the nursing process in providing care for appropriate
health status according to the context of clients and their families, and
appropriately applying local wisdom in the care of women during
pregnancy, delivery, and the post-natal period, their families, newborns in
normal condition, and women at high risk and with complications.
4.2 Provide pre-natal care, screen for health risk conditions or
complications, and make a referral appropriately.

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4.3 Be able to assist in normal delivery and know how to perform
episiotomy and repair.
4.4 Effectively promote breast feeding.
4.5 Provide assistance to physicians in performing obstetric
procedures.
4.6 Provide family planning services within the scope of the
profession.
4.7 Teach, advise, and give consultation about safe sex, marriage
preparation, preparation for becoming parents, childbirth preparation, and
care of the mother during pregnancy and labor, and care of newborns.
4.8 Promotion of bonding among fathers, mothers, newborns
and family members during the pregnancy, childbirth, and postnatal period.
5. Procedures and skills/techniques of general nursing practices.
Registered nurses possess knowledge and skills/techniques in
general nursing practices. They serve patients of all ages and health status
to alleviate symptoms and resolve health problems.
5.1 Perform nursing procedures in accordance with regulations of
the Nursing Council concerning restrictions and conditions in nursing and
the midwifery profession B.E. 2550, which are: wound treatment, wound

10
dressing, suturing, stitch removal, abscess excision from a region which
does not endanger vital organs, nail removal, wart or corn removal
(cauterization), incision with removal of foreign body from a region that
does not endanger vital organs using local anesthesia, and eye irrigation.
5.2 Skills and techniques of general nursing practices as specified
by the Nursing Council.
Aspect Three: Professional Characteristics
Registered nurses should attain professional characteristics as follows:
be trustworthy; be a good role model in health and exhibit appropriate
conduct in their interaction with patients, family members, colleagues, and
others; and have the ability to assess and respond to situations
appropriately. These characteristics also include the continuity of selfimprovement, a positive professional attitude, and expression of opinions
confidently based on knowledge, analytical thinking, and good reasoning
skills.
1. Professional personality
1.1 Be trustworthy and perceived as a competent and
professional nurse.
1.2 Be responsible, honest, and self-disciplined.
1.3 Possess analytical skills and clinical judgment.

11
1.4 Possess emotional maturity and be able to control emotions
and argue with reason.
1.5 Have good health practices and demonstrate an effort to
reduce ones own health risk factors.
1.6 Practice nursing care willingly and enthusiastically.
1.7 Be culturally sensitive in interaction with clients and
colleagues. Be supportive of colleagues; praise them when appropriate.
1.8 Be aware of rights and duties of the nursing profession,
protect ones own rights, and be responsible within the scope of the
profession.
2.

Continuation of self-development

2.1 Employ self-analysis and assessment, accept criticism,

and use criticism for self-development
2.2 Seek opportunity for life-long learning and use various
means and methods in learning.
2.3 Acquire nursing and relevant knowledge and apply it to
work improvement.

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3.

Possess a positive attitude towards the nursing profession.

3.1 Be proud of oneself as a nurse and have faith in the

profession.
3.2 Be a member of a professional organization, and
support, cooperate with, and participate in activities of the organization.
3.3 Express opinions and provide suggestions that are
useful for the profession and the operations of the organization.
3.4 Protect the interest of the public, organization, and the
profession.
Aspect Four: Leadership, Management, and Quality Improvement
Registered nurses are knowledgeable in leadership theories,
teamwork, basic management theories, healthcare management processes,
economic principles, quality assurance, quality improvement, and
application of this knowledge. They possess problem-solving skills and are
able to function as effective members of nursing or multidisciplinary teams
to achieve goals.
1. Leadership skills
1.1 Demonstrate leadership characteristics. Use appropriate
leadership strategies in practice appropriately.

13
1.2 Demonstrate an ability to persuade with reasoning.
1.3 Demonstrate an ability to motivate, support, and create
a healthy working environment.
1.4 Demonstrate courage in decision-making for the benefit
of patients and the organization.
1.5 Seek support and cooperation from relevant parties.
1.6 Negotiate for common interests in uncomplicated
situations.
1.7 Contribute to, and participate in, organizational
improvement.
2. Nursing practice management and quality improvement
2.1 Be knowledgeable of and demonstrate effective
management skills.
2.2 Set goals, prioritize, and formulate an action plan in order
to achieve the goal appropriate for the situation and resource availability.
2.3 Evaluate performance and strive for improvement.
2.4 Possess a positive attitude and ability in quality
improvement; participate in the quality assurance process for nursing
practice and the organization.
2.5 Demonstrate skills in problem solving and overcoming
operational and organizational challenges.

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3. Teamwork
3.1 Be knowledgeable of principles of teamwork and team
building.
3.2 Collaborate, consult with, and provide useful information
to nursing/multidisciplinary team and other related agencies in order to
achieve common goals.
3.3 Be an effective nursing team leader/shift leader/project
leader. Be competent in job analysis and assignment. Function accordingly
in conferences, performance monitoring and reviews, and provide
suggestions in order to prevent any operational problems.
3.4 Be jointly accountable for team performance and
outcomes.
4. Optimal Resource Utilization
4.1 Procure and prepare necessary materials and
equipment sufficiently and readily for use.
4.2 Utilize necessary and appropriate materials and
equipment according to their purposes and professional standards and with
caution.
4.3 Utilize appropriate nursing practices, taking into
consideration costs and added values.

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Aspect Five: Academic and Research Competencies
Registered nurses are aware of the significance of research and
knowledge development. They possess basic knowledge in research
methods, knowledge management, application of empirical information to
practices, and dissemination of knowledge to the health team and to the
public.
5.1 Realize gaps in ones understanding and ask meaningful
questions which will lead to the development of knowledge in nursing
practice.
5.2 Use appropriate means in searching for knowledge.
Summarize main ideas from a textbook, professional articles, or simple
research and apply them to nursing practices.
5.3 Synthesize knowledge from personal experience and be able
to disseminate this knowledge to others.
5. 4 Share knowledge and information with colleagues and
concerned staff in order to improve work and resolve work-related
problems.
5.5 Cooperate in research which is beneficial to patients, the
organization, and society with respect to the rights of research subjects and
the code of ethics of researchers.

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5.6 Utilize research methods in the pursuit of knowledge to
improve work.
Aspect Six: Communication and Relationships
Registered nurses possess skills in communication, presentation,
effective exchange of information, interpersonal relationships, media
literacy, and professional relationships.
1. Communication
1.1 Be capable of being empathic listening and forming a
clear and accurate conclusion of the main idea.
1.2 Be capable of reading and summarizing the main idea
from data and technical articles in both Thai and English.
1.3 Be capable of writing an accurate technical paper in
Thai in accordance with professional standards and with international
standards of reference.
1.4 Be capable of providing nursing and healthcare
information for clients using appropriate language and media.
1.5 Possess professional communication skills. Be able to
provide advice and instill a sense of trust.

17
2. Relationship building
2.1 Acknowledge ideological differences
appropriate gestures, language, and expressions.

and

use

2.2 Interact with others with respect to individuality and

equality.
2.3 Give and receive assistance to and from others
according to their ability and appropriately.
2.4 Interact with the health care team and related personnel
according to social norms.
2.5 Engage in appropriate professional relationships.
Aspect Seven: Technology and Information Competencies
Registered nurses are computer literate; they possess skills in
basic processing programs, calculation, and the collection and presentation
of data. They are able to use the internet in search of information, as well
as health and nursing knowledge. They are also knowledgeable in
information technology, health and nursing informatics, the nursing care
classification system, and the application of technology in nursing,
practice, management, education, and research.

18
1. Have knowledge in basic work-related programs,
components of information technology, health and nursing information
systems, and the nursing classification system.
2. Be able to use basic computer programs necessary for
nursing practices, basic analytical programs, and presentation programs in
compiling, collecting, and presenting information.
3. Use electronic information networks in search of information
in health, nursing, and other related fields. Be able to communicate and
exchange views with, and learn from, personnel on the health team and the
general public.
4. Participate in data collecting in order to set up and develop
a nursing care information database.
5. Participate in information system development for
organizational purposes.
Aspect Eight: Social Competency
Registered nurses are aware of social, economic, political and cultural
changes. They are capable of analyzing information for the benefit of
professional and social development. They participate in the development
of health systems and society, while adapting to the social environment
and pursuing a healthy lifestyle.

19
1. Follow social, economic, and political changes regularly from
diverse sources to ensure information accuracy.
2. Analyze and evaluate information and changes in society, the
economy, and politics.
3. Participate in the development of the health policies of the
organization, local communities, the country, and professional
organizations.
4. Adapt to social and cultural contexts and follow the SelfSufficiency Economy Principle.
5. Maintain and promote national values and culture, as well as
local wisdom and ways of life of communities while using good judgment in
adopting diverse cultures.

20

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