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QURAT UL AIN
44
Motorway:
Motorway was formally inaugurated in 1998 under Nawaz sharifs 2 nd government whose plan
was made but remained unconstructed in Nawaz Sharifs 1st government (1990-1993).
Resolution to rename NWFP as KPK:
According to 1998 census, mother tongue of 74% people in NWFP and 99% in Federally
Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) was Pushto which is also the second largest language, next to
the Punjabi, in the country. Hence it was a legitimate demand of the people of the province to
demand that the name of their province should reflect the language and ethnicity of its people
just like Balochistan, Punjab and Sindh.
In 1997-1998, sparked an acrimonious argument between the Awami National Party (ANP) and
the Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz group).Pakhtunkhwaresolution, was supported by the
Pakistan People's Party (PPP) and the JamiatUlema-i- Islam (JUI) (F) while the PML (N)
abstained. It was opposed only by two members from the PML (J) SalimSaifullah and
HumayunSaifullah. By February 1998, the situation in the NWFP reached a point of acute
polarization between the pro-Pakhtunkhwa campaigners, particularly those from the ANP, and
the opposing group led by veteran Muslim Leaguers.
Cenus:
The last census of Pakistan was held in 1981. No census was conducted after that until 1998
because different linguistic groups wanted to show their population greater so they used to
pressurize the government. But, then the fifth census of Pakistan was compiled in 1998 under
Nawaz sharifs 2nd government because he won with 2/3 majority and his government had a
strong hold so he conducted the 5 th census of Pakistan and according to it Pakistan had a
population of more than 13 crore and Karachis population was estimated to be more than 1
crore. Many political parties rejected this census.
The Holy Quran and Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) shall be the
supreme law of Pakistan.Explanation:- In the application of this clause to the personal
law of any Muslim sect, the expression "Quran and Sunnah" shall mean the Quran and
Sunnah as interpreted by that sect.
The Federal Government shall be under an obligation to take steps to enforce the Shariah,
to establish salat, to administer zakat, to promote amrbilma'roof and nahianilmunkar (to
prescribe what is right and to forbid what is wrong), to eradicate corruption at all levels
and to provide substantial socio-economic justice, in accordance with the principles of
Islam, as laid down in the Holy Quran and Sunnah.
The Federal Government may issue directives for the implementation of the provisions
set out in clauses (1) and (2) and may take the necessary action against any state
functionary for non-compliance of the said directives.
Nothing contained in this Article shall affect the personal law, religious freedom,
traditions or customs of non-Muslims and their status as citizens.
The provisions of this Article shall have effect notwithstanding anything contained in the
Constitution, any law or judgement of any Court".
Amendment of Article 239 of the Constitution:In the Constitution, in Article 239, after clause
(3) the following new clauses shall be inserted, namely:
(3A), Notwithstanding anything contained in clauses (1) to (3), a Bill to amend the
Constitution providing for the removal of any impediment in the enforcement of any
matter relating to Shariah and the implementation of the Injunctions of Islam may
originate in either House and shall, if it is passed by a majority of the members voting in
the House in which it originated, be transmitted to the other House; and if the Bill is
passed without amendment by the majority of the members voting in the other House
also, it shall be presented to the President for assent.
(3B), If a Bill transmitted to a House under clause (3A) is rejected or is not passed within
ninety days of its receipt or is passed with amendment it shall be considered in a joint
sitting.
(3C), If the Bill is passed by a majority of the members voting in the joint sitting, with or
without amendment, it shall be presented to the President for assent.
(3D), The President shall assent to the Bill presented to him under clause (3A) or clause
(3C) within seven days of the presentation of the Bill".
Pak-India Relations:
The gear of 1998 was highly significant in the India and Pakistan history because the two
nations became nuclear powers in 1998 and also Kargil issue that was a time when the two
nuclear powers brought to the verge of war. In 1998, the Foreign ministries of both countries had
been initiating peace process to ease up the tension in the region. On September 23, 1998 both
governments signed an agreement recognizing the principle of building an environment of peace
and security and resolving all bilateral conflicts, which became the basis of the Lahore
Declaration
Pakistan becomes Atomic Power:
On May 28, 1998, Pakistan became a nuclear power when it successfully carried out five
nuclear tests at Chaghi, in the province of Baluchistan. This was in direct response to five
nuclear explosions by India, just two weeks earlier. Widely criticized by the international
community, Pakistan maintains that its nuclear program is for self-defense, as deterrence against
nuclear India. A former Prime Minister of Pakistan, Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, offered justification for
Pakistans nuclear program when he said that if India were to produce a bomb, Pakistan would
do anything it could to get one of its own. It has always been maintained by Pakistan that a
nuclear threat posed to its security can neither be met with conventional means of defense, nor
by external security guarantee. Pakistan announced the moratorium on June 11, 1998, and
offered to join in new peace talks with India. Even long before these tests, Pakistan has time and
again proposed for a nuclear weapon-free zone in South East Asia.
1999 Kargal war
In the summer of 1999, a 73-days military conflict was fought at Kargil unveiling new
insights into an asymmetric conflict wherein opposing combatants employ markedly different
resources and strategies in order to maximize their advantages and exploit the opponents
weaknesses. . The confrontation was manifestation of a 50 year-old Kashmir dispute that
remained limited in terms of time, geographical area, and weaponry. The operation at Kargil was
planned meticulously by the top Pakistani army establishment in a bid to capture the deserted
heights in the Valley left by Indian army during the inhospitable weather conditions and then
taking control of the vital Srinagar-Leh highway. The Pak army contemplated that by capturing
the strategic heights they will be in a commanding position to get the status of the Line of
Control (LoC.) altered. The whole area of Kargil belonged to Pakistan. It was captured by India
in the war of 1965, but restored to Pakistan under Tashkent Agreement. In the 1971 war, Kargil
was again occupied and retained by India by dint of force. Kargil operation was downright an
While Ziauddin was trying to shore up his new position, the two men best placed to stop
him, Lt. Generals Aziz and Mehmood, were playing not golf but tennis. They realised that there
was a problem when both their mobile phones started ringing on the side of the court. The man
who called them was the Peshawar-based Lt. General Syed uzZafar. As the longest-standing
corps commander, he was serving as the acting chief of army staff in Musharraf s absence.
Consequently, Ziauddin had called him to tell him about his own elevation and Musharraf s
sacking. But rather than simply accept Ziauddins statement as a fait accompli General Syed
uzZafar called Aziz and Mehmood in Rawalpindi. The second they were told what was
happening Aziz and Mehmood held a brief conversation and decided to act. As one eyewitness
put it, I have never seen two senior officers move so fast. They sped to GHQ and, as they
changed out of their sports kit, considered their options. One thing, they decided, was beyond
doubt: they could not permit a change of army chief while Musharraf was out of the country. The
first priority, then, was to get the news off PTV. The two generals dispatched Major Nisar of the
Punjab Regiment, together with fifteen armed men, to the PTV building in Islamabad. He was
ordered to block any further announcement about Musharraf s sacking. As the major set off,
Aziz called a meeting of all available corps commanders and other senior officers at army
headquarters in Rawalpindi. Some already knew what was up: they had received the telephone
calls from Ziauddin. And with Mehmood and Aziz determined to resist Ziauddins appointment,
the corps commanders decided to implement the decision they had taken in principle in
September: Sharif had to go. Within minutes, the infamous 111 Brigade was ordered to do its job
AwazHatao move:
Dr. Qadris Agenda in 1999 was Hatao Nawaz Sharif. He was then part of the Grand
Democratic Alliance (GDA), led by PPP, ANP, MQM and Imran Khan. They succeeded in
installing General Musharraf and waited to be rewarded. He supported Musharraf through the
referendum and the elections 2002, and was expecting a big reward for the services rendered, but
got only a seat in the National Assembly. Out of frustration, he left the country and acquired the
citizenship of Canada. For over seven years he preached and propagated the concept of liberal
and political Islam and gained acceptability by the West, and returned to Pakistan, armed with a
mission: Get the elections postponed and restrain Nawaz Sharif, coming to power because he
was not considered a friend of USA as Washington Times then lamented after the 2008 elections.
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