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Contents
What is Geo-informatics?
Its fundamental aims
Main tasks of it
Branches of Geo-informatics
Extract information and generate the data base relating to these parameters
To forecast situations arising out of change in parameters
To reach to centralized strategy and management plan at regional level
Development & management of databases of geodata
Analysis & management of geodata
Branches of Geoinformatics
Following are the branches of it:
Photogrammetry
Surveying
Cartography
Remote Sensing
Global Positioning Systems (GPS)
Photogrammetry
Photos light
Gramma to draw
Metron to measure
Photogrammetry is defined as the science of obtaining reliable measurements,
by the use of photographs, in order to determine characteristics such as size,
shape and position of photographed objects
The art, science and technology of obtaining reliable spatial information about
physical objects and the environment through the processes of recording,
measuring and interpreting image data
Types of Photogrammetry
Aerial photography is the taking of photographs of the ground from an elevated
position. The term usually refers to images in which the camera is not supported
by a ground-based structure
Terrestrial using photographs taken on the ground with the camera usually pointing in a
horizontal direction
Industrial & Scientific an adaptation of terrestrial techniques to small distances, the camera set
at any suitable angle
Surveying
Oldest branch of geoinformatics
Pioneered by Egyptians
Equipment
Old (Tapes, Chains, Sextants, Tacheometer)
New (Theodolite, Auto Levels, Total Stations)
Old
New
Photogrammetric Surveying
Mainly of two types:
1. Aerial
2. Terrestrial
Aerial: With the use of a camera positioned in an airplane
Terrestrial (on ground): Reconnaissance, triangulation and camera work
Cartography
The science and art of making maps
Remote Sensing
Remote sensing is a method of obtaining information about the properties of
an object without coming into physical contact with it
Most popular remote sensing device: eyes
Satellite remote sensing
Segments of GPS
Space Segment
GPS Satellite constellation composed of 24
operational satellites in space
Control Segment
The control segment comprises of 5 ground stations
located on equator. This information is sent back to
the satellites using ground antennas
User Segment
The User Segment consists of all earth-based GPS
receivers. The user segment is totally user
community, both civilian and military
Retrieving
Transforming and
Display of Spatial Data from the Real World
Conclusion
Geonformatics has at its core the technologies supporting the processes of
acquiring, analyzing and visualizing spatial data
It combines geospatial analysis and modeling, development of geospatial
databases, information systems design, human-computer interaction and both
wired and wireless networking technologies
Geoinformatics uses Geocomputation and Geovisualization for analyzing
Geoinformation