BSC 2086C Anatomy & Physiology II

Exam #2 Blood Vessels, Circulation and Lymphatic System in part version 1 Key
Fall 2012
I. Main part of exam (multiple choice (100 points)
Chapter 21
1) The endothelium is part of the tunica
A) intima.
B) externa.
C) media.
D) tunica sunica.
2) Compared to veins, arteries
A) have more blood.
B) have more smooth muscle in their tunica media.
C) have valves along their lengths.
D) maintain their shape better.
3) Arrange the structures in the following list in the order that blood will encounter as it flows
from the output side to the input side of the cardiovascular flow circuit.
1. venules
2. arterioles
3. capillaries
4. elastic arteries
5. medium veins
6. large veins
7. muscular arteries
A) 5, 6, 1, 3, 2, 7, 4
B) 6, 5, 1, 3, 2, 7, 4
C) 7, 4, 2, 3, 1, 5, 6
D) 2, 7, 6, 3, 1, 5, 6
E) 4, 7, 2, 3, 1, 5, 6
4) The carotid sinuses contain baroreceptors that
A) monitor blood chemistry.
B) monitor movement.
C) sense temperature.
D) monitor blood pressure.
5) The small vessels that collect blood from capillaries are
A) arteries.
B) arterioles.
C) lymphatics.
D) venules

6) Which of the following layers of a vessel contains smooth muscle and an elastic layer?
A) tunica intima
B) tunica media
C) tunica externa
D) tunica sandwich
7) Which of the following happens when aortic/carotid baroreceptors sense a rise in blood
pressure?
A) Increased cardiac output and vasodilation.
B) Increased cardiac output and vasoconstriction.
C) Decreased cardiac output and vasodilation.
D) Decreased cardiac output and vasoconstriction.
8) What capillaries have an endothelium with pores?
A) continuous
B) fenestrated
C) sinusoidal
D) complete
9) Increased blood lactic acid would stimulate
A) baroreceptors.
B) chemoreceptors.
C) aortic proprioceptors.
D) thermoreceptors.
10) When precapillary sphincters constrict
A) capillary blood flow decreases.
B) capillary blood flow increases.
C) BCOP increases.
D) capillary filtration increases.
11) Which of the following causes capillary filtration?
A) CHP on arteriole side of capillary is higher than BCOP.
B) CHP on arteriole side of capillary is less than BCOP.
C) CHP on venule side of capillary is less than BCOP.
D) CHP on venule side of capillary is higher than BCOP.
12) Which vessels have the greatest resistance to arterial blood flow?
A) arterioles
B) elastic arteries
C) large veins
D) sinusoids
E) venule

13) Blood flow is directly proportional to

A) resistance.
B) blood pressure.
C) increased vasoconstriction.
D) increased blood viscosity.
14) Which part of the vascular system functions as a blood reservoir and contains over 60% of
the body's blood?
A) pulmonary arteries
B) capillaries
C) systemic arterioles
D) veins
E) arteries
15) The formula Flow BP/R states that as
A) blood pressure increases, and resistance increases, blood flow increases
B) blood pressure decreases and resistance increases, blood flow increases.
C) blood pressure increases, and resistance decreases, blood flow increases.
D) blood pressure decreases, and resistance decreases, blood flow increases.
16) Each of the following factors would increase peripheral resistance, except
A) increased blood viscosity.
B) elevated levels of epinephrine.
C) elevated hematocrit.
D) irregularities in the vessel walls caused by plaques.
E) anemia .
17) Rapid change in capillary blood flow caused by changes in blood chemistry or body
temperature within the capillaries is called
A) central regulation.
B) autoregulation.
C) neural regulation.
D) hormonal regulation.
18) If a person has a blood pressure of 118/79, the mean arterial pressure would be ____ mm Hg.
Please show your work for full credit.
A) 82
MAP = DP + PP/3
PP = 118 79 = 39
B) 88
= 79 + 39/3
C) 90
= 79 + 13
D) 92
= 92 mm Hg
E) 94
19) Friction and turbulence cause resistance to blood flow.
A) true
B) false

20) Capillary filtration will increase when

A) the concentration of plasma proteins increases.
B) capillary permeability increases.
C) capillary hydrostatic pressure decreases.
D) precapillary sphincters constrict.
21) Which of the following will cause an increase in blood pressure?
A) increased epinephrine.
B) increased angiotensin II.
C) increased blood volume.
D) increased ADH (antidiuretic hormone).
E) all of the above will increase blood pressure
22) The joining of vessels such as those forming the circle of Willis is an
A) antastimosis.
B) anastimosis.
C) anastomosis.
D) anstomosis.
23) Which of the following is likely the pressure gradient in arteries?
A) 65 mmHg
B) 17 mmHg
C) 18 mmHg
D) 10 mmHg
24) What produces most of the blood colloidal osmotic pressure (BCOP)?
A) sodium chloride
B) glucose
C) plasma proteins
D) phospholipids
25) The main factors that cause blood to flow in veins are valves and
A) blood pressure and ventricular systole.
B) blood osmotic pressure and elastic recoil.
C) skeletal muscles contraction and breathing.
D) blood hydrostatic pressure and elastic recoil.

26) Label D in the above drawing stands for

A) systolic pressure.
B) diastolic pressure.
C) mean arterial pressure.
D) pulse pressure.
27) Label C in the above drawing stands for
A) systolic pressure.
B) diastolic pressure.
C) mean arterial pressure.
D) pulse pressure.
28) Label B in the above drawing stands for
A) systolic pressure.
B) diastolic pressure.
C) mean arterial pressure.
D) pulse pressure.
29) When blood colloidal osmotic pressure (BCOP) is higher than capillary hydrostatic pressure
(CHP), the result is ____________________________.
A) capillary filtration
B) capillary reabsorption
C) diffusion
D) transcytosis
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30) Collagen and elastic fibers form the

A) tunica intima.
B) tunica externa.
C) tunica media.
31) What structure do RBCs move through single file?
A) artery
B) arteriole
C) capillary
D) venule
E) vein
32) When blood pressure decreases, renin is secreted by the kidneys. Renin starts the process that
forms the hormone
A) EPO
B) epinephrine
C) thyroxine
D) angiotensin II
E) renalin
33) Increased stimulation by the sympathetic division of the ANS and increased secretion of
epinephrine will
A) increase cardiac output.
B) decrease cardiac output.
C) have little effect on cardiac output.
D) Stimulate a decrease in blood volume.
Lymphatic Section
34) Lymph is absorbed from the
A) veins.
B) intracellular fluid.
C) cytosol.
D) interstitial fluid.
35) When pathogens such as bacterial or viral infections release pyrogens, the result is
A) inflammation
B) enhanced clotting
C) Beta interferon secretion
D) a fever
36) The thoracic duct drains lymph from all of the following regions, except the
A) left breast.
B) right side of the neck.
C) left arm and shoulder.
D) abdomen.
E) left side of neck.
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37) The medullary cords of a lymph node contain ________ lymphocytes and plasma cells.
A) cytotoxic T
B) medullary
C) NK
D) B-cell
E) precordal
38) Large lymphatic tissues containing crypts is/are
A) lymph nodes.
B) Peyer patches.
C) tonsils.
D) the thymus.
E) the spleen.
39) Areas of the spleen that filter blood, and stores platelets are known as
A) Peyer patches.
B) adenoids.
C) white pulp.
D) red pulp.
E) lymph nodes.
40) Lymphatic organs differ from lymphatic tissues in what way?
A) They contain T lymphocytes and lymphatic tissues do not.
B) They are found in the digestive tract and lymphatic tissues are found in the thorax.
C) They are surrounded by a fibrous capsule and lymphatic tissues are not.
D) They cannot produce antibodies, whereas lymphatic tissues can.
E) They occur throughout the body except in the head.
41) Which of the following is a microphage?
A) monocyte
B) neutrophil
C) NK cell
D) lymphocyte
42) Inguinal lymph nodes are located in the _____________________.
A) neck
B) armpits
C) groin
D) head

Figure 22-1 The Structure of a Lymph Node

Use Figure 22-1 to answer the following questions:
43) Identify the structure labeled "1."
A) cortex
B) efferent lymphatic
C) afferent lymphatic
D) trabecula
44) Identify the area of the node labeled "2."
A) outer cortex
B) deep cortex
C) medulla
D) medullary cord

45) What is described as blind-ended with minivalves?

A) blood capillaries
B) lymph capillaries
C) veins
D) lymph ducts
46) The two physical barriers that provide innate immunity are
A) tears and saliva.
B) skin and mucous membranes.
C) stomach acid and sweat.
D) complement and interferons.
47) Tears and stomach acid help to protect us from bacterial infections.
A) true
B) false
48) Which of the following has a type which is referred to as wandering?
A) microphages
B) macrophages
C) complement
D) People who have had too much Jack Daniels.
49) Which of the following provides immunological surveillance by destroying viral infected and
tumor cells?
A) complement
B) interferons
C) natural killer cells
D) inflammation
50) Why does inflammation cause swelling?
A) It increases the amount of plasma proteins.
B) It decreases capillary filtration.
C) It increases vasoconstriction and decreases capillary permeability.
D) It increases vasodilation and increases capillary permeability.
II. Bonus Questions (5 points): Place answers in on reverse-side of answer sheet.
51) Aneurysm (D)
52) CVA (E)
53) Hypertension (A)
54) Varicose (C)
55) Phlebotomist (B)

A) 140/90
B) draws blood
C) bad valves
D) weakened artery
E) brain clot