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com
H2 Consultation Exercise
Note: Students should take 1 hour to complete the assignment.
Topic: Graphing Technique 1 Rational function
1.

x2
( x + 2)( x 1)
State the equations of the asymptotes of C.
State the coordinates of any turning points and axial intercepts of C.
Sketch the curve C.

Consider the curve C: y =

i)
ii)
iii)

Find the range of values of k for which k =

x2
has at least 1 real root and k is
( x + 2)( x 1)

a positive integer.

x 2 2x + 3
.
x
i)
Find the conditions for such that C has no real roots.
ii)
Give sketches of C for
a) 0 < < 3
b) < 0
Hence deduce the number of real roots for the equation x( x 2 + 2 x 3) = k ( x + 1) where k
is positive.
2.

The curve has equation y =

x2 + 5
where is a non-zero constant.
x + 1
i)
Obtain the equations of asymptotes of C
dy
ii)
Show that C has exactly two points at which
=0
dx
iii)
Draw a sketch of C to illustrate the case > 0, and a separate sketch to
illustrate the case < 0.
iv)
Find the set of values of for which the line y = 4x and C have at least
one point in common.
[Source: FM P1 Nov 99]

3.

The curve C has equation y =

4.

The curve C has equation y =

ax 2 + bx + c
. It is known that C, that has
x+d
asymptotes x = 3 and y = x 1 , cuts the y-axis at 2.

(i)

Find the values of a, b, c and d.

(ii)

Sketch the curve C, stating clearly the turning points, asymptotes and any
intercepts with the axes. Hence deduce the range of values of k such that
the equation

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(iii)

ax 2 + (b k ) x + c kd = 0
has two distinct real roots.
Sketch the graph of

ax 2 + b x + c
y=
x +d
stating clearly the turning points, asymptotes and any intercepts with the axes .
[Source: SRJC Prelim 2007]

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H2 Consultation Exercise
Note: Students should aim to complete this assignment within an hour.
Topic: Graphing Technique 2 Transformation
1.

The graph y = f(x) is shown below:

y

(3, 1)

(1, -1)

2.5

On separate diagrams, sketch the following graphs, showing clearly all relevant
coordinates:
e) y 2 = f ( x )
a) y = f (1 + 2 x)
1
b) y = 3f ( x)
f) y =
f ( x)
c) y = f ( x + 1)
g) y = f ( x )
d) y + 2 = f ( x )
Label your graphs clearly.
2.

The transformations A, B, C and D are given as follows:

A: A translation of magnitude 3 units in the negative direction of the x-axis.
B: A reflection about the y-axis.
C: A translation of magnitude 2 units in the direction of the y-axis.
D: A scaling parallel to the y-axis by a factor 3.
A curve undergoes in succession, the transformations A, B, C and D as above
and the equation of the resulting curve is y = 6 3 ln(3 x ).
Determine the equation of the curve before the transformations were effected.

3.

Give a geometrical description of the following two curves G and H:

G : ( x 1) 2 + ( y + 1) 2 = 4

H : ( x + 1) 2 + (2 y 2) 2 = 4
Sketch, on the same diagram, the graphs of G and H. Describe a sequence of
transformations that transforms the graph of G onto the graph of H.

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The diagram below shows the graph of y = f ( x ) . The points A, B and C have

4.

1
coordinates ( , 0) , (1, 2) and (3, 1) respectively.
2

y = f ( x)

B(1,2)

C(3,1)

A( 12 , 0)

Sketch on separate diagrams, the graphs of

x
x
(i) y = f ,
(ii) y = f 1
2
2
d
(iii) y = f ' ( x ) , where f ' ( x ) = f ( x) .
dx

[5]

State, in each case, the coordinates of the points corresponding to A, B and C,

where appropriate.
[Source: RJC Promo 06]
The graphs of y = | h(x) | and y2 = h(x) for x > 3 are as shown below:

5.

y2 = h(x)

y = | h(x) |

1 0

1 2
)
6 3

( ,
)
1

(i)

Explain why h(x) < 0 for 1 < x < 2.

[1]
Hence sketch the graph of y = h(x) for x > 3, showing clearly the asymptote
and the coordinates of the stationary point.
[1]

(ii)

Sketch the graphs of

(a)

y = h(x) where h is the derivative function of h,

[2]

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(b)

y=

1
for x > 3,
h( x)

[3]

showing clearly all the asymptote(s) and the coordinates of the stationary point(s).
[Source: RJC Prelim 07]

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H2 Consultation Exercise
Topic: Functions and Inequalities
1.

The functions f and g are defined by:

f : x a ln( x + 1), x , x > 1

g : x a 4 x 2 4 x, x
i.

By means of a graphical argument, or otherwise, show that g 1 does not exist.

The function h is defined by h : x a 4 x 2 4 x,

x , x < k . State the maximum value

of k such that h 1 exists.

ii.

Sketch the graph of h 1 , showing its relation to the graph of h. Hence indicate a
point P on the curve of y = h 1 ( x) that satisfies hh( x) = x .

iii.

Determine whether the composite function fh exists. If it exists, give its definition
and domain, and state its range.

2.

f ( x ) = 2 x2 , x k.
g ( x ) = 2 x2 , x .
h ( x) = 4 x
a) State the least value of k such that f is a one-one function. With this value of k, define

f 1 .
b) State the maximal domain for h to be a function. With this maximal domain, justify
that the composite function hg exists. Define hg and determine its range.
c) Determine whether or not the composite hh exists. If it exists, define it. If it does not,
find the maximal restriction on the domain of h such that the composite hh exists.
Suggested answers:
a)

1
k = 0 ; f ( x) =

2 x , x (, 2] b)

(, 4] ; hg( x) = 2 + x 2 , x

Rhg = [2, ) c) Max Dh = [12, 4]

x
f ( x ) = tan
,
2

3.

x < p.

i)

Determine the largest value of p for which f is a one-one function.

ii)

1
With this value of p, define f and state R f 1 .

Suggested answer:
1
i) p = 1 ii) f ( x) =

tan 1 x, x

; Rf 1 = ( 1, 1)

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4(a)

The function f is defined by f ( x) = x 2 + 4 x + 3 , x 3.

i)
Sketch the graph of f and explain why f -1 does not exist.
ii)
Write down the value of such that (,] is the largest domain of f which f
-1
exists.
Using this new domain of f,
ii)
Express f -1 in similar form.
(b)

The functions f and g are defined as follow:

f ( x) = x 2
i)
ii)
5.

, 1 x 3

f ( x) = e

9 x

,x 0

Explain why gf exists

Express gf in a similar manner and find its range in exact form.

Solve the following inequalities without using the calculator

(a)

1
5
x2 5x + 4
+x>
(b) 2
<0
x
2
x + 2x + 3

(c)

x
3x 4 2 x
1 <

1
2
3
5

Suggested answer:
(a) x < 2 or 1 < x < 1

6.

(b)

x < 0 or

2
5
<x<
3
2

(c) 1 x < 0 or x 1

By sketching two appropriate graphs on the same diagram, solve the inequality
| 3x + 1 | | 2 x | < 3 .

Suggested Answer: -3 < x < 1

7. Show that x 2 x + 1 is always positive for all real x. Hence or otherwise, find the range
of values of a if the inequality

x 2 + ax 2
< 2 is satisfied for all real x.
x2 x +1

Suggested answer: -4.605 < a < 2.606

2

ex
ex
8. Find the set of values of x for which
8 x > 0 . Hence solve
8x > 0 .
x 1
x 1
9(i)
By completing the square or otherwise, show that x 2 + 2 x + 3 is always positive for
all real values of x.

3
< x - 2.
x

(ii)

Solve the inequality

10

Solve each of the following inequalities without using calculator.

i)

11

x>

2
x

ii)

2x 3 < x + 1

Using a graphical method, or otherwise, find the set of values of x for which

2x + 3

3
.
x 1

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H2 Consultation Exercise
Note: Students should aim to complete this assignment within 2 hrs.
Topic: Sequence and Series Part 1
1.

Find the sum of the series 2 2 + 5 2 + 8 2 + 112 + ... + 149 2.

2.

Find

(n 2 + 1 3r ) in terms of n, simplifying your answer.

r =0
n

3.

Show that

r (2r + 1) = 6 n(n + 1)(4n + 5) .

r =1

30

Hence, evaluate

r (2r + 1) .
r =10

4.

Express
n

2
in partial fractions and hence show that
r ( r + 2)

2n + 3

r (r + 2) = 2 (n + 1)(n + 2)
r =1

Find the value of

r ( r + 2) .
r =1

5.

1
in partial fractions.
n n
Hence, by using method of differences, find the sum of the series
N
1
n3 n .
n=2

Express

6.

Find an expression for the nth term of the series

2 + 22 + 222 + 2222 +
and deduce that the sum of the first n terms of the series is
20
2n
(10 n 1)
.
81
9

7.

Use induction to prove that

3(1!) + 7(2!) + 13(3!) + ... + (n 2 + n + 1)(n!) = (n + 1) 2 (n!) 1

8.

If U n+1 = 3U n 2U n 1 for all positive integral values of n and U 1 = 2 , and

U 2 = 6 , give a conjecture for U n in terms of n. Prove the validity of your

conjecture using Mathematical Induction.

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H2 Consultation Exercise
Note: Students should aim to complete this assignment within 2 hrs.
Topic: Sequence and Series Part 2
1. The rth term of a series is given by 21 3r .
i)
Show that the series is an arithmetic series.
ii) Find the sum of the first n terms of the series.
iii) Find the nth term given that the sum of the first n terms is zero.
Ans:

n(39 3n)
;13
2

2. The sum of the first 20 terms of an arithmetic progression is 50 and the sum of the
next 20 terms is 50. Find the sum of the first 100 terms of this progression.
Ans: 750
3. An arithmetic progression has first term, a and common difference, 10. The sum
of the first n terms is 10000. Express a in terms of n, and show that the nth term is
10000
+ 5 ( n 1) . Given that the nth term is less than 500, show that
n
n 2 101n + 2000 < 0 , and hence find the largest possible value of n.
Ans: 73
4. A geometric progression G has positive first term a, common ratio r and sum to
infinity S. The sum to infinity of the even-numbered terms of G, i.e. the second,
1
fourth, sixth, terms, is S . Find the value of r.
2
(i) Given that the third term of G is 2, show that the sum to infinity of the odd81
numbered terms of G, i.e. the first, third, fifth, terms, is
.
4
(ii) In another geometric progression H, each term is the modulus of the
corresponding term of G. Show that the sum to infinity of H is 2S.
Ans:

1
3

5. The first three terms of a geometric progression are also the 1st, 9th and 11th
terms of an arithmetic progression respectively. Given that the terms of the
geometric progression are all different, find the common ratio, r. If the sum to
infinity of the geometric progression is 8, find the first term and the common
difference of the arithmetic progression.
Ans: 6;

9
16

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6. Write down the first four terms in the binomial expansion, in ascending powers of
x, of the following expressions. In each case, state the range of values of x for
which the expansion is valid.
2

(a) (1 + 2 x )

3 3

(b) 6 +
x

(c)

1 + 3x
1 x
1

22

7. Give the first four terms in the expansion, in descending powers of x, of x + .

x

State the range of values of x for which the expansion is valid. Hence evaluate

4.5 correct to four decimal places.

H2 Consultation Exercise
Note: Students should take 2.5 hour to complete the assignment. Answers are provided in [ ].
Topic: Differentiation
Techniques
1.

Differentiate with respect to x:

a) sin 1

b) ln k 2 + x 2 , where k is a constant
c)

ln 5 x
ex

1+ x2

d) tan 1
e)
2.

2 ln x

dy 2 x 2 y 1
=
dx 2 x 2 y + 1

i)

For the curve ( x y ) 2 = x + y , show that

ii)

Find the gradient of the curve at the points where it cuts the x-axis.

Applications
1.

The vertical cross-section of a water trough is in the shape of an equilateral triangle

with one vertex pointing down. The trough is 15m long. When the water in the trough
is 1m deep, its depth is increasing at a rate of

1 -1
ms . At what rate is water flowing
5

into the trough at that instant?

2.

Two variables u and v are connected by the relation

[ 2 3 m 3 / s]

1 1 1
+ = , where f is a
u v f

constant. Given that u and v both vary with time, t , find an equation connecting

du d v
,
, u and v . Given also that u is decreasing at a rate of 2cm per second and
dt dt
1
that f =10cm, calculate the rate of increase of v when u = 50cm.
[ cm/s]
8
3.

A beam is to be cut from a cylindrical log so that its cross-section is a rectangle. The
log has diameter d and the beam is to have breadth x and depth y . Given that the
stiffness of such a beam is proportional to xy 3 , find, in terms of d , the values of x
and y for the stiffest beam that can be cut from the log.

[x =

d
3
, y=
d]
2
2

4.

The parametric equations of a curve are x = ln(sin ) , y = 3ln(cos ) , 0 < <

.
2

Without the use of graphic calculator, find the equation of the tangent to the curve at the
point where =

.
6

Will this tangent meet the curve again? Justify your answer. [ y = x + ln

5.

3 3
, No]
16

A curve has parametric equations

1
x = 1 t 2 , y = , t , 0 < t 1 .
t

1
t

Find the equations of the tangent and normal to the curve at the point 1 t 2 , .

3
2 , 2 cuts the y-axis at T while the normal to

The tangent to the curve at point P

the curve at the same point cuts the x-axis at N. Find the exact coordinates of T and N
and deduce the area of triangle PTN.
1
t

[ y =

6. (a)

1
t
1 t 2
2
x 1 t 2 , y =

x 1 t ,
3
t
2

t
1 t

( 0, 4 )

17 3
2
,0 , 42.4 units ]
2

The parametric equations of a curve are

x = t ( t + 2 ) , y = 2 ( t + 1) .
Find,

in

terms

of

p,

the

equation

of

the

normal

to

the

curve

at

P p ( p + 2 ) , 2 ( p + 1) .
If this normal meets the x-axis at G and N is the foot of the perpendicular from P to
the x-axis, find the length of NG.
[ NG = 2 ]
(b)

The equation of a curve C is 2 + sin y = x 2 xy . Find

dy
.
dx

Show that any tangent to C cannot be parallel to the x-axis.

It is given instead that C has a tangent which is parallel to the y-axis.
Show that the y-coordinate of the point of contact of the tangent with C must satisfy

sin 2 y + sin y = y cos y 1 .

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H2 Consultation Exercise
Note: Students should take 1 hour to complete the assignment.
Topic: Differentiation - Maclaurins Series
Question 1
2

dy
y sin 2 x = 0 .
dx
1 + cos 2 x
Hence, by further differentiation of the result and using Maclaurins theorem, expand
y in ascending powers of x, up to the term in x .

Given that y =

, show that (1 + cos 2 x)

Hence, by putting x = /6, find an approximate value of

2
, to three decimal places.
3

Question 2
Using standard series expansion or otherwise, find the series expansion of exsinx, up
to and including the term in x5. Hence, find the series expansion of excosx.
Question 3
If f(x) = e cos x , prove that f " ( x) + (sin x) f ' ( x) + (cos x) f ( x) = 0 . By differentiating the
result further and assuming that e cos x can be expanded in a series of ascending
powers of x, show that, neglecting powers of x above the fourth,
1
1
e cos x = e1 - x 2 + x 4 .
6
2

Hence or otherwise, find the Maclaurin expansion of (sinx) e cos x , up to the x 3 term.
Question 4
A curve C is defined by the equation 2 y

dy
= y 2 1 and (0,3) is a point on C.
dx

i) Find the Maclaurins series of y up to and including the term in x3.

ii) If x is sufficiently small for x3 and higher powers of x to be neglected, show
5
29 2
x .
that e x y 3 x +
3
54

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H2 Consultation Exercise
Note: Students should take 2 hours to complete the assignment.
Topic: Integration Techniques
Question 1
(a)

(b)
(c)

By using the substitution x = 2 sin, find

x +1

4 x2

dx .

2x + 1
dx
+ 2x + 3
3
x
d
d
(i) Prove that
1 x2 =
, and find
(1 x 2 ) 2 .
dx
dx
1 x2
Find

x3

(ii) Hence find

1 x2

dx .

Question 2
2

Show that x 2 + 4 x + 20 can be expressed in the form ( x + A ) + B , where A and

(a)

B are constants to be determined.

Hence find

1
dx .
+ 4 x + 20

Find 4 xe 2 x dx .

(b)

Hence find

3 2 x2

x e

dx .

By means of the substitution x =

(c)

1
, find
u2

1
dx .
x 1

[Source: RJC Promo 2006]

Question 3
a)

e cot 2 x
sin 2 2 x dx

b) cos 5 x cos 3 x dx

c) x ln x 2 + 1 dx

d)

1 x

dx

1+ x x2

Question 4
Show that

x 1
=
x +1

x 1
x2 1

Hence, or otherwise, using the substitution x = sec , find

x 1
dx .
x +1

Observe, Compare, Substitute

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Question 5
i)

Show by means of substitution t = cosx that

ii) Show that

sin 3 x
dx = 2 .
1 + cos 2 x

d
(tan 3 ) = 3 tan 4 + 3 sec 2 3. Hence, find
d

0 4 tan

d .

Question 6
a)
b)

Find

i)

x +1

dx

16 4 x

ii)

Using the substitution x = 2cos, find

region bounded by part of the curve y =

answer in exact form.

ln( x

+ 4) dx

16 4 x 2 dx . Hence, find the area of the

16 4 x 2 between x = 0 and x = 2. Give your

Question 7

(cos 2 x )(e + tan x ) dx

a)

Find

b)

Show that

/4

x cos 2 x dx =
0

1
( 2) . Hence, evaluate
8

/4

x cos

x dx .

0
1

c)

By means of substitution x 2 =

1
1
, evaluate the integral
dx .
2
u
5x 2 1
1/ 2 x

Observe, Compare, Substitute

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H2 Consultation Exercise
Note: Students should take 3 hours to complete the assignment.
Topic: Integration Area & Volume and Differential Equations
Question 1

1
1
(x0), and the lines y =
and x = 2.
2
4
4+ x
1
1
The region bounded by the curve y =
and the lines x = 2, y = is denoted by R.
2
4
4+ x
2
1
1
dx .
a) Show that the area of R is given by
2 0 4 + x2
Sketch the curve y =

Hence, find the area of R in terms of .

b) Use substitution x = 2 tan to show that

1
1
2
0 4 + x 2 dx = 8 04 cos d .
2

Evaluate this integral and hence find, in terms of , the exact volume of the solid
generated when the region R is rotated completely about the x axis.
c) Show that the volume of the solid obtained when the region R is rotated completely
1

about the line x = 2 can be expressed in the form (ln 2) 4

By using the substitution y =

18

1 4y
dy .
y

1 2
sin or otherwise, evaluate the expression exactly,
4

leaving your answer in terms of .

Question 2

A curve has equation y = 4 x 2

1 / 2

for -1 x 1. The region R is enclosed by C, the x-axis

and the lines x = -1 and x = 1.

a) Find the exact area of R.
b) Show that the volume generated when R is rotated through two right angles about the
y-axis is ( 4 2 3 ) .
Question 3
(a)

(i)
(ii)

(b)

Find the exact value of

x 2 x 3 + 1 dx .

Use the substitution u 2 = x + 2 to find

The diagram shows part of the graph y =

( x 2)

1
x2 +1

x+2

dx

Observe, Compare, Substitute

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By considering n+1 rectangles of equal width from x = 0 to x = 3, show that

(c)

1
x2 +1

dx <
r =0

3
9r 2 + (n + 1) 2

Sketch the graphs of y =

for all non-negative integer of n.

4
and y = 2x for x 0 on the same diagram,
1+ x2

indicating clearly all intersections and turning points. The region R is bounded by

y=
i)
ii)

4
and y = 2x, indicate R on your sketch.
1+ x2
Hence, find the exact area of R.
Find the volume of the solid formed when R is rotated through four right
angles about the x-axis, leaving your answer to 3 significant figures.

Question 4
a) Show that the substitution z = x + y reduces the differential equation

dy ( x + y 1)( x + y )
dz z 2 + z + 1
=
to
=
dx
2x + 2 y + 1
dx
2z + 1
b) Hence, find its general solution.
Question 5
A cup of coffee is left to cool down in a room with room temperature 22 C. at time t minutes,
the temperature of the coffee is C and the rate of change of the temperature of the coffee is
given by the differential equation

d
1
=
( 22), > 22
dt 40
Initially the temperature of the hot coffee is 85 C. How long does it take for the coffee to
cool down from 85 C to 60 C? Give your answer to the nearest minute.
Question 6
Solve the following ODE

a)

(1 + e x ) y.

dy
= ex
dx

Observe, Compare, Substitute

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b)

By means of a substitution, u = y 2 , solve the differential equation

2y

dy
- xy 2 = x . Express your answer in a form expressing y in terms of x.
dx

Question 7

A cylindrical container has a height of 200 cm. The container was initially full of a chemical
but there is a leak from a hole in the base. When the leak is noticed, the container is half-full
and the level of the chemical is dropping at a rate of 1 cm per minute. It is required to find for
how many minutes the container has been leaking.
To model the situation it is assumed that, when the depth of the chemical remaining is x cm,
the rate at which the level is dropping is proportional to x . Set up and solve an appropriate
differential equation, and hence show that the container has been leaking for about 80
minutes.

Observe, Compare, Substitute

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H2 Consultation Exercise
Note: Students should take 1.5 hours to complete the assignment.
Topic: Complex Numbers
Question 1
a) Find the modulus and argument of the complex number

3 2i
.
1 i

e i
b) The complex number q is given by q =
, where 0 < < 2. In either
1 e i
order,
i)

find the real part of q.

ii)

show that the imaginary part of q is

1 1
cot .
2 2

2
c) The complex numbers z and w are such that |z| = 2, arg(z) = , |w| = 5,
3
arg(w) =

3
. Find the exact values of
4

i)

the real and imaginary part of z.

ii)

the modulus and argument of

w
.
z2

Question 2
Two complex numbers p and q are given respectively by p = 3 2i and q = 1 + 3i.
show on separate diagrams.
i) |q| < |z| < |p|
ii) arg(z) = arg(pq).
Solve the equation z 6 3 z 3 + 1 = 0 , giving your answers in the form re i .
Question 3
a)

Sketch on an Argand diagram the locus of the point Z representing the

complex number z such that | z + i | = 1.
Hence, show that

arg( z + 2 + i )

Confidence+Concepts+Consistency+Composure-Complacency

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b)
i)

Find the fourth roots of the complex number 8(1 + 3i ) . Give your answers
exactly in the form re i . Hence, sketch the roots of 8(1 + 3i ) on an Argand
diagram.
2

ii)

cos isin
4
4
Consider the complex number z =
.
3

cos + isin
3
3

Find the modulus and the exact value of the argument of z.

Confidence+Concepts+Consistency+Composure-Complacency

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H2 Consultation Exercise
Note: Students should take 1 hour to complete the assignment.
Topic: Vectors
Question 1

3
2
2



The plane 1 and the line l1 have equations 1 : r. 1 = 8 and l1 : r = 1 + 5
1
5
1



respectively where is a constant.
i)

Find the position vector of the point N, the foot of perpendicular from
B(3,1,5) to 1. Hence or otherwise, find the exact distance between 1 and
the line l1.
Find the Cartesian equation of the plane 2 which contains the line l1 and

ii)

the line through B and N.

Question 2
Two straight lines l1 and l2 have equations given by

20
3
23
4




l1 : r = 8 + 1 and l 2 : r = 2 + 3
14
5
1
0




a) Show that l1 and l2 intersect and find the coordinates of the point of
intersection, C.
b) Given that A is the point on l1 with parameter =2. Obtain the position vector
of the foot F of the perpendicular from A to l2.
c) Show that an equation for the common perpendicular, p, to l1 and l2 through C
is given by

11 3

p : r = 11 + t 4
1 1

d) D is the point with parameter 3 on p. Obtain the length of projection of vector
AD on l2.

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Question 3
Consider the two lines

x + y = 0
l1 :
y + z = 0

and

x = 1 + 2t

l2 : y = 1
z = 1+ t

a) Find the equation of the plane 1 which contains l1 and is parallel to l2.
b) Find the equation of the plane 2 which contains l2 and is perpendicular
to 1 .
Find the coordinates of the foot of perpendicular, Q, from the point P (1, 1, 1) to the
plane 1 . Hence determine the shortest distance between l1 and l2.

Confidence+Concepts+Consistency+Composure-Complacency