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Emergence of the genre

James Boswell wrote what many consider to be the first modern biography, The Life of
Samuel Johnson, in 1791

The first modern biography, and a work which exerted considerable influence on the
evolution of the genre, was James Boswell's The Life of Samuel Johnson, a
biography of lexicographer and man-of-letters Samuel Johnson published in 1791.
[7]

While Boswell's personal acquaintance with his subject only began in 1763, when

Johnson was 54 years old, Boswell covered the entirety of Johnson's life by means of additional
research. Itself an important stage in the development of the modern genre of biography, it has been
claimed to be the greatest biography written in the English language. Boswell's work was unique in
its level of research, which involved archival study, eye-witness accounts and interviews, its robust
and attractive narrative, and its honest depiction of all aspects of Johnson's life and character - a
formula which serves as the basis of biographical literature to this day.[8]
Biographical writing generally stagnated during the 19th century - in many cases there was a
reversal to the more familiar hagiographical method of eulogizing the dead, similar to the biographies
of saints produced in Medieval times. A distinction between mass biography and literary
biography began to form by the middle of the century, reflecting a breach between high culture
and middle-class culture. However, the number of biographies in print experienced a rapid growth,
thanks to an expanding reading public. This revolution in publishing made books available to a larger
audience of readers. In addition, affordable paperback editions of popular biographies were
published for the first time. Periodicals began publishing a sequence of biographical sketches.[5]

Biography
Third Volume of a 1727 edition ofPlutarch's Lives of the Noble Greeks and
Romans printed by Jacob Tonson.

A biography or simply bio is a detailed description of a person's life. It

involves more than just the basic facts like education, work, relationships, and
death, but also portrays a subject's experience of these life events. Unlike a profile or curriculum
vitae (rsum), a biography presents a subject's life story, highlighting various aspects of his or her
life, including intimate details of experience, and may include an analysis of the subject's personality.
Biographical works are usually non-fiction, but fiction can also be used to portray a person's life. One
in-depth form of biographical coverage is called legacy writing. Works in diverse media, from
literature to film, form the genre known as biography.
An authorized biography is written with the permission, cooperation, and at times, participation of a
subject or a subject's heirs. Anautobiography is written by the person himself or herself, sometimes
with the assistance of a collaborator or ghostwriter.

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