What is the scientific method?

Outline the steps and

give a description of the activities involved in each step.

Scientific method is a method thats uses the knowledge of science to solve a

problem. There are 5 steps that involve in the scientific method which are
defining the problem, literature review, forming a hypothesis , analysing and
collecting data and forming a conclusion. In the first step which is defining the
problem which states that it help the researcher to identify the steps taken in
conducting the experiment. The second step is literature review which allows to
investigate the what are the outcomes of the results. The third step is forming
the hypothesis. This process allows the researcher to form a relationship between
the manipulated and responding variable of the experiment. The forth step is the
analysing and collecting data. This process requires gathering the necessary
information and the data is then tabulated. The last step is forming a conclusion,
this process is final conclusion of the experiment and whether the hypothesis is
related to the final outcome of the experiment.

1.

Describe the four major research designs and discuss

their advantages and disadvantages.
There are four major research design which are survey, observation
,experiments and previous findings. Survey is a technique used in collected
data from people. The advantage of using survey is that survey helps to save
time because its able to collect a huge number of people with only one round
of distribution. However the disadvantage of using a survey its too expensive
because the survey required to collect data may be costly.
The second research design is observation which involves observing while
the experiment is taking place. The advantage of using observation it improves
the quality of the research being conducted because certain experiments require
observation as a technique in collecting information . The disadvantage of
using observation is that it consumes a lot of time and effort. Its difficult
observing for a long period of time.
The third research design is experiments. Experiments is a artificial created
situation that allows researcher to manipulate the variable. The advantage of
using experiments is that if variable used is random the results of the
experiments could produce a convincing result. However the disadvantage of
using experiments the experiment is tailored to the researcher needs.
The last research is using previous findings of researchers that had
conducted the experiments . The advantage of using previous research is that it
saves time because someone else had conducted the experiment and it eases
the current researcher in conducting the experiment. The disadvantage of using

this method that it could be out-dated which the experiment is no longer feasible
in current generation.

Distinguish between the social norms of laws, mores and

conventions.

Norms is defined as the set of collection of behaviours by a society.

Mores are defines a custom that are generally observe by society for their
culture to survive. Conventions are a set of agreements that are generally
accepted by norms, social norms or criteria.

List the key elements of culture

description of each of the elements.

and

provide

The key elements of culture are language , Norms , Values and Sanctions.
Languages is the one of the major elements of culture. Languages is a medium
used to exchange with others in a society.
The second element is Norm which is a set of behaviour that is standard which
is maintained in a society. An example of norm is used in a movie theatre where
everyone is required to stay quite while the movie is playing.
The third element of culture is values. Values is defined as a collection of good,
bad desirable proper and improper .For example influence people behaviour
criteria by which change over time.
The final element of culture is Sanctions which is defined as penalties and
reward for conducting a social norm. For example when pay is raised, words of
gratitude.