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- quadrilateral pyramid
- apex is directed posterioly , medially , slightly
upward
DIMENSIONS
- volume of orbit = 30 cc in adults
* RIM
horizontally = 40mm
vertically = 35 mm
DEPTH
* medially = 42 mm
* laterally = 50 mm
- 45 degree between lateral and sagital plane
- 23 degree between visual and orbital axis
ROOF
- separates it from ant cranial fossa and frontal sinus
BONES
- orbital plate of frontal bone
- lesser wing of sphenoid
LANDMARKS
1. FOSSA FOR THE LACRIMAL GLANDLOCATION:
behind the zygomatic process of the frontal bone
CONTENTS:
lacrimal gland
some orbital fat (accessory fossa of RochonDuvigneaud)
3. SUPRAORBITAL NOTCH:
LOCATION:15 mm lateral to the superomedial
angle
TRANSMITS:
Supraorbital nerve
Supraorbital vessels
SURFACE ANATOMY:
At the junction of lateral 2/3rd and medial 1/3rd
About two finger breadth from the medial plane
4. OPTIC FORAMEN:
- leads from middle cranial fossa to apex of orbit
- 8 12 mm
LOCATION:
Lies medial to superior orbital fissure
at the apex
CLINICAL
** orbital roof anomaly / fracture
FLOOR
- Shortest orbital wall
- Roughly triangular
BONES
Orbital plate of maxilla (major)
Orbital surface of Zygomatic bone (anterolateral)
Orbital plate of Palatine bone
LATERAL WALL
Formed by1. Zygomatic bone
2. Greater wing of sphenoid
- Thickest orbital wall
Separates orbit from-
2. zygomatic groove
- from ant end of inferior orbital fissure to a foramen
in zygomatic bone
contents
- zygomatic nerve , vessels
CLINICAL
MEDIAL WALL
- Thinnest orbital wall
BONES
1. Frontal process of Maxilla
2. Lacrimal bone
3. Orbital plate of Ethmoid
4. Body of the sphenoid
LANDMARKS
1. LACRIMAL FOSSA:
Formed by:
Webers suture
* Veins
Superior ophthalmic
Inferior ophthalmic
* Lacrimal gland
* Lacrimal sac
3. central space
- Also known as muscular cone or retrobulbar space
Bounded:
- Anteriorly by Tenons capsule
- Peripherally by four recti with their intermuscular
septa
- In the posterior part, continuous with the peripheral
orbital space
CONTENTS:
* Central orbital fat
* Nerves
Optic nerve (with its meninges)
Oculomotor
Superior and inferior divisions
Abducent
Nasociliary
Ciliary ganglion
* Vessels
Ophthalmic artery
Superior ophthalmic vein
4. tenon's space
Between the sclera and the Tenons capsule
*Pus collected in this space is drained by incision of