Elementary Language Practice 3rd Edition by Michael Vince 2010 PDF Rar

New
Suitable for students at KET / A2 level
Elementary
Elementary
Language Practice
Michael Vince
English
Grammar
English Grammar
andand
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
3rd Edition
3rd Edition
with key
MACMILLAN
&
MACMILLA
with CD-ROM
Macmillan Education Between Towns Road, Oxford 0X4 3PP A division

of Macmillan Publishers Limited Companies and representatives
throughout the world
ISBN 978 0 2307 2694 9 without key ISBN 978 0 2307 2693 2 with key
Text Michael Vince 2010
Design and illustration Macmillan Publishers Limited 2010
First published 1999 This edition published 2010
All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored
in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form, or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without
the prior written permission of the publishers.
Designed by Macmillan Layout and composition by xen Cover design by
Andrew Oliver
Illustrated by:
ODI pp 99, 109, 111, 112, 129, 153, 185, 220, 222, 235, 236;
Julian Mosedale pp 11, 29, 43, 49, 82, 116, 129, 151, 169, 243;
Nick Kobyluch pp 27, 55, 57, 83, 103, 175, 231;
Joanna Kerr pp 7, 9, 35, 54, 82, 104, 117, 155, 224
The author would like to thank the many schools and teachers
who have commented on these materials. Also special thanks
to Kevin McNicholas and Sarah Curtis.
The publisher would like to thank Clare Shaw for her editorial support.
Printed in Thailand
2014
10
2013
2012
2011
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
2010
Contents
Introduction viii
Grammar starter test

Grammar 1
Grammar 2
Present simple of be
am, is, are
Grammar 3
Present simple: affirmative; frequency adverbs
Grammar 4
I like,
Grammar 5
Grammar 6
Checkpoint
she plays; always,
usually
Present simple: negative and questions
I dont like... Do you walk?

Present continuous: affirmative
I r a
waiting.
1 Grammar
7
Present continuous: negative and questions
Vm not waiting. Is he waiting?

Present continuous and present simple
Grammar 8
I am watching; I watch
Units 1-6
Grammar 9
Past simple (regular verbs): affirmative
I watched
Grammar 10
Past simple (regular verbs): negative and questions
I didnt start; did you start?
Grammar 11
Past simple (irregular verbs): affirmative
I went
Past simple (irregular verbs): negative and questions
Grammar 12
We didnt go. Did you go?
CONTENTS
Present perfect and past simple: time expressions
Grammar 18
Checkpoint
3
Grammar
19
ever, just,
44
yet, already, since, for, ago
Units 13-18
46
Be going to: plans and predictions
48
Its going to rain.

Will: predictions
52
I'll be late.
Will: promises, decisions, refusing
54
Ill see you at 7.30.

Grammar 20
Grammar 21
Grammar 22
Grammar 23
Grammar 24
Will or going to?
56
Present continuous: future use
58
Future time words
60
Units 19-24
62
Reported speech and past perfect
64
She said that she was leaving. I had started

Passive 1
66
a lot of money is spent

Checkpoint
4
Grammar
Passive 2: agent
68
Peter was kidnapped by aliens.

Imperatives
70
Stand up!
25
Gerunds
72
Jogging is good fun!

Contractions
Grammar 26
Grammar 27
Im ,
74
youre, he's
Units 25-30
76
Zero conditional and conditional 1
78
If I have a cold,
I stay at home. If we miss the bus,
well be late.
Conditional 2
80
If I knew the answer, I would tell them.

Grammar 28
Grammar 29
Conditionals 1 and 2
82
If you fall, youll hurt yourself.

If you fell, youd hurt yourself.
Yes/no questions and short answers
86
Did I pass the test?

Yes,
you did.
Wh- questions; subject and object questions
88
Who is that? What eats fish?

Tag questions
You like chips, dont you?

Grammar 30
iv
90
CONTENTS
Checkpoint 6
Units 31-36
92
Grammar 37
Modals: ability and possibility
94
Grammar 38
Modals: obligation
Grammar 39
Modals: negative obligation
can, cant, cannot

96
must, have to, should

98
mustn't, dont have to, shouldnt Grammar 40
Modals: past
100
could,
couldnt, had to, didn't have to Grammar 41 Modals: possibility,
uncertainty, impossibility, certainty
102
might, may, could, cant,
must Grammar 42
Modals: main points
104
Checkpoint?
Units 37-42
106
Grammar 43
Plural nouns
108
glasses,
potatoes, families, knives,
feet, sheep Grammar 44 Countable
and uncountable nouns 1
110
a, an, some, any

Grammar 45
Countable and uncountable nouns 2
a coffee /
112
some coffee
Grammar 46
much, many
114
Grammar 47
too much , too many, enough
116
Grammar 48
Numbers
120
one, first, Vi, 1.5

Checkpoints
Units 43-48
122
Grammar 49
Prepositions of place and movement
124
in, on,
Grammar 50
at, to, into
Prepositions and adverbials of place and position
inside,
outside,
o w f
behind Grammar 51 Articles 1
128
of, near, opposite, next to, in front of,

132
a/an, the
Grammar 52
Articles 2: zero article
134
CONTENTS
Grammar 55
Possession 1
Grammar 56
Possession 2
142
This is my bike.
144
Janes house; the roof of the house Grammar 57
Adjectives
146
Grammar 58
Order of adjectives; adjectives with -ed or -ing
Grammar 59
Making comparisons 1: comparative adjectives
happy; rich and famous; tired,
148
tiring
150
Lisa is older than Clara.

Grammar 60
Making comparisons 2: superlative adjectives
154
She is the fastest runner.

Checkpoint 10
Units 55-60
156
Grammar 61
Adverbs: formation and position
158
Jim wrote quickly.

Grammar 62
It and there as subjects
160
Grammar 63
Have, have got , get
162
Grammar 64
Make, do, go; phrasal verbs
164
go shopping; look it up
Grammar 65
Verbs with prepositions, gerund or infinitive
166
Grammar 66
Be with adjectives and prepositions
170
Checkpoint 11
Units 61-66
172
Grammar 67
Functions 1: advice, agreeing/disagreeing, apologizing,

replying
174
Grammar 68
Functions 2: descriptions, directions, excuses, greetings
176
Grammar 69
Functions 3: asking for information, invitations, offers,
Grammar 70
Functions 4: preferences, promises, reminders, requesting,
permission
178
suggesting, warning
180
Grammar 71
Calendar
182
Grammar 72
Time
184
Checkpoints
Units 67-72
186
Vocabulary
Personal details
Grammar 73
Vocabulary
Family matters
208
Vocabulary
Free time
210
Vocabulary
Rooms
212
Vocabulary
Places
214
vi
Punctuation
206
188
Vocabulary
Jobs
216
Vocabulary
Inside the house
218
Vocabulary
Food and drink
220
Vocabulary
Animals
222
Vocabulary
10
Clothes
224
Vocabulary
11
Weather
226
Vocabulary
12
The body
228
Vocabulary
13
Staying healthy
230
Vocabulary
14
The world around us
232
Vocabulary
15
Transport
234
Vocabulary
16
Useful things
236
Vocabulary
17
Other countries
238
Vocabulary
18
In the classroom
240
Vocabulary
19
Going out
242
Vocabulary
20
Shopping around
244
Formation rules
246
Irregular verbs
248
Wordlist
250
Grammar index
261
Grammar answers
265
Vocabulary answers
290
Introduction
This book is designed to revise and consolidate grammar points at the level of
Cambridge ESOL KET or Common European Framework level A2.
The book can be used as a self-study reference grammar and practice book, or
as supplementary material. If used for classwork, activities can be done
individually or co-operatively in pairs or small groups. It provides a wide
variety of practice, which includes both sentence-based and text-based
formats.
The grammar section includes units on word formation, punctuation and
spelling. There are regular Checkpoint units which provide further
consolidation. The vocabulary section covers essential topics and common
errors.
Use this test to find out how much you know, and where to focus your practice.
Units 1 to 6
Underline the correct form.
Do you like / Does you like jazz?
What are you reading / you are reading?
Does Helen lives / live here?
They dont / doesn't speak French.
What time do you usually / you usually do get up?
6
1
Are you knowing / Do you know the answer?

Peter (not go)...............to the cinema last night.
Sorry, I (forget).....................to do my homework yesterday.
What (you see)......................on TV last night?
4............................................................................................. Sue (leave)

travelled to France last month.
Complete each sentence with one word.
Tina..............to have long hair, but now its short.
2 ..............you finished your work yet?
Carol isnt here. She...................gone home.
Our teacher...................not arrived yet.
Ive lived here..............January.
Have you.................been to Paris?
Units 19 to 24
Italy
and
ELEMENTARY LANGUAGE PRACTICE
Units 25 to 30
Sam told us that she.................arrive at 6.00.
The missing paintings....................found yesterday.
The windows were broken.....................football hooligans.
4............................. Dont there! Thats my seat!

5............................. I like
6
but Im not a very good swimmer!
Dont worry. I.................be late.
Units 31 to 36
Underline the correct words.
If we leave / left now, well catch the train.
If I feel ill, I don't / wouldn't go to school.
If you check / checked your work, it would be much better.
Is Tony coming with us? No, he isnt / doesn't/
Who sits / does he sit here?
You feel all right, isnt it / don t you?
Units 37 to 42
...........you help me? fm lost.
Do we...............to be here at 8.00?
Students................not leave bicycles here.
Sorry I was absent yesterday. I..............to go to the doctors.
This answer................be right! Im sure its wrong!
GRAMMAR STARTER TEST
Units 49 to 54
GRAMMAR
Present
simple of be
1............................... Pat lives
am, is, are
the end of the street.
2................................................................. Helen takes her dog

the
Use the present simple of be:
park every morning.
Im fourteen.
with
age:
Carlos
is
fifteen.
3................................................. Can you buy me ticket
for
the
Youre right.
It's
easy.
concert?
with an adjective:
This is my bike.
That is Helens
house. We're
4............................... This is............................tallest
building
in
They
are
with this.................................world.
and that:
French.
Turkish. Jim is
5 Ill let you read mine if I can read.......................
Tony and Jill are teachers.
with nationality:
6
Have you eaten all the biscuits? There are.................in the box!
10 Units 55 to 60
We stayed in an old beautiful / a beautiful old hotel.
Whos / Whose books are these?
Does this pen belong to / own you?
I can t use this box. It isnt enough big / big enough.
This film is better as / than the one we saw last week.
This is the better / the best restaurant in the town.
11 Units 61 to 66
Martin works hard / hardly in his new job.
It/ There is somebody at the door.
How much money have you got / have you get?

we are
I am
he is
Vm
hes
were
you are
she is
they are
you re
shes
they're
it is
its
3
igative
I am not
he is not
we are not
I ra not
he isnt
we arent
you are not
she is not
they are not
you arent
she isnt
they arent
it is not
it isnt
Ym not wrong.
You aren't French.
It isn't cold.
s/No Questions
Am I ... p
Is he... ?
Are we... ?
Are you...
Is she... ?
Are they... ?
Is it... ?
Am I wrong?
Are you French?
Is it cold?
- SEE ALSO
We arent late.
Are we late?
GRAMMAR 1 PRESENT SIMPLE OF BE
GRAMMAR
2 This. .isk$...........my family.
Complete each sentence with am, is, or are.
3 These.....
The earth goes round the s
I like, she
...............my
parents.
Lucy
we3 walk
they walk
always, usually
...............English.
4 We ...
her pen.
she walks
it walks
6 Maria and Anna
students.
Present simple: affirmative
I walk
you walk
plays
Frequency adverbs
BUT he walks
7 My dog
Present
simple
8 I..........
happy.
happy.
The present simple describes general facts, repeated actions and habits, and things that are
General facts
5 I
They speak Turkish.
Change the sentences into negative sentences.
t
I
like
milk.
6 Im
We live in Australia.
s at home................................................................................................
Maria
h plays basketball.
7 My
o friends are here..................................................................................
I usually get up at 7.30.
Repeated
actions and habits
t
..................................................................................................................
My brother usually walks with me.
t
Harry
arrives late.
o often
8 Youre
a teacher........................................................................................
II
Things
that are always
d
true
a
y
9 Were
at the cinema...................................................................................
.
10 This is difficult.........................................................................................
11 Sam is happy.............................................................................................
12 Change the statements into questions.
13 fm late...............................................AM.Mte?.....................................
Spelling
.........................................................
Verbs ending in 0, 5, ch, shy X add -es for the he/she/it form.
14 Youre ill...................................................................................................
always
100%
usually
80%
often
60%
sometimes
40%
go ----------------------- goes
15 We re right................................................................................................
---------------------
misses
Tim
25miss
Are
always
youwears jeans.
Portugu
Are you
at school?
watch--------------------
I22
usually
ese? go to bed at 9.30. watches
d) No, its easy.
Suewash
often--------------------
goes to the cinema.washes
e) Yes, Im a
23 How old are you?
student.
Sam sometimes walks to school
never
0%
It never rains here in August.
The frequency adverb goes between the subject and the verb.
Monday always comes after Sunday.
5
GRAMMAR 2 PRESENT SIMPLE: AFFIRMATIVE; FREQUENCY ADVERBS
G1 R Look
A M MatAthe
R pictures. Complete each sentence with a verb from the box.
I do not walk.
I dont walk.
You do not walk.
arrivenot walk.
like We do not walk.
live
rain
He does
Present
simple:
negative
I don't
like...start
He doesnt walk
teach
We don't walk.
She does questions

not walk.
They doDo
not walk.
and
you walk?
You dont walk.
She doesn't walk.
They dont walk.
It does not walk.
Negative
It doesn't walk.
We use do not or dont with I, you, we and they when we make negatives in the
present simple.
We use does not or doesn't with he, she and it.
We put do not/don t and does not/doesnt after the pronoun I, you, he etc.
I don't like ice-cream. She doesn't eat chocolate.
Do I walk?
Does he walk?
Do we walk?
Do you walk?
Does1 she
walk?
Do they walk?
David..............................chocolate.
Does it walk?
2 It............................here in November.
3
Liz..........................with her family in Italy.
George often.............................late.
I don't drink coffee. They don't speak Italian.
Tom doesn't play tennis. We don't live in France.
Underline the correct word in each sentence.
8 Juan and Carmen live / lives in Madrid.

Questions
9
Harry watch / watches television every evening.
We use do with I, you, we and they when we make questions in the present simple.
10 I usually go / goes to school by bus.
We put do or does before the pronoun I, you, he etc. Do you walk to school or do you take
bus?snow / snows in this city.
11 Itthe
never
12 Sam live / lives in that house.
13 You never clean / cleans your teeth!
14 Does
CarolAna
get /play
getsbasketball?
up early every day.
Does Harry often arrive late?
15 All the buses leave / leaves from this bus-stop.
Do they speak Italian?

Do you live in Australia?
16 questions
Complete each sentence. Use the verb and frequency adverb in brackets.
Wh-
Where does Anna play basketball? When do you usually get up?
17 Tina (sometimes, miss) ....SPWttMS..W5fS.... the bus to school.
SEE ALSO Grammar 35:
8
GRAMMAR 3 PRESENT SIMPLE: NEGATIVE AND QUESTIONS
G R2A MOur
M A(walk,
R
not, teacher, does)....................................................................to school.
Complete each sentence. Put the words in brackets into the correct order.
Present continuous: affirmative I'm waiting.

3
Where (Helen, live, does)............................................................................................?
4 the
(do,present
not, go,continuous
we)...............................................................to
the cinema on Friday.
Use
for actions happening at the moment.
5 I (David,
does,
bike?
am sitting
in ride)............................................................................................a
my car.
Shes watching television.
We form the present continuous with the present of be + verb + ing
6 (play, do, you).........................................................................football after school?
I am watching He is watching
7
Kate (like, does, not).......................................................................................oranges.
I (lunch, usually, have)....................................................................................at 1.30.
Complete each sentence. Use the words in brackets.
10 Mary (like, not)..........................................................................................baseball.

Im studying English. Were swimming in the sea.
11 (wash, Peter).....................................................................his face every morning?
My brothers talking on the telephone now.
I am waiting.
a[=1
question or a negative sentence.
He12is Sue's
waiting.
We are
o(watch,
you)...............................................................................television
every day?
reading
a book
at waiting.
the moment
Im waiting.
Hes waiting.
You are waiting.
Spelling
She is waiting.
Youre waiting.
Were waiting.
They are waiting.
Shes waiting.
They re waiting.
Verbs with two vowels and ending in one consonant, add -ing.
It is waiting.
Its waiting.
wait ----------------------
Verbs ending in e, drop e and add -ing.

make ---------------------
decide -------------------
write ---------------------
Jack
10
waiting
making
deciding
writing
Alice and Mike
Verbs ending with one vowel and one consonant, double the consonant.
1 Jack - get up at 7.00 ..............................................................................................................?
2 Jack - leave home at 8.00.......................................................................................................?
------------------------
sitting
3 sitJack
- not/leave home at 7.00.................................................................................................
4 Jack - not/wear school uniform..............................................................................................
swim --------------------- swimming
5 Alice and Mike - walk to work..............................................................................................?
6 cutAlice
and Mike - not/arrive late.............................................................................................
-----------------------
cutting
7 Alice and Mike - watch TV in the evening............................................................................?
Verbs
ending
ie,Mike
change
ie to y. tennis.............................................................................................
8 Alice
and
- not/like
GRAMMAR 4 PRESENT CONTINUOUS: AFFIRMATIVE
I am not waiting.
I m not waiting.
1 Look at the pictures and write sentences.
He is not waiting.
GRAMMAR
He isnt waiting.
We are not waiting.

We arent waiting.
Present continuous:
negative I'm not waiting and
(Were not...)
(Hes not...)
You are not waiting.
She is not waiting.
They are not waiting.
You arent waiting.
Is he
She isntquestions
waiting.
Theywaiting?
arent waiting.
(You re not...)
(Shes not...)
(Theyre not...)
It is not waiting. It isnt

waiting.Negative
(Its not waiting.)
1 I/eat
Am I waiting?
Are you waiting?
2 They/listen
Is he waiting?
Vim, ti^..
Are we waiting?
Is she waiting?
Are they waiting?
3 The teacher
....
........................
Is it waiting?
Vm not walking to school today.

Ym not drinking milk, Vm drinking cola.
They aren't playing football. Theyre playing rugby.
Questions
17 You / move
2 Complete this postcard with the present continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
Dear Jim,
We (1) (have)
........a terrible
Holiday. It (2) (rain)....................................
I (3) (sit)....................................in the apartment.
I (4) (watch).........................................television. Tom and
11
come
GRAMMAR 5 PRESENT CONTINUOUS: NEGATIVE AND QUESTIONS
1 Change the statements into questions.
Im making a lot of noise.
.k&fl ..KV. fl. lot. of'
...
2 Clare is reading.
...............................................................
3 You are watching the news.
...............................................................
4 It is snowing.
...............................................................
5 We are waiting in the right place.
...............................................................
6 You are sitting here.
...............................................................
7 David is enjoying his holiday.
...............................................................
8 The bus is stopping.
...............................................................
.... A KW..(.
Change the statements into negative sentences.
1 It is raining.
...............................................................
2 Tim is studying.
...............................................................
3 Were talking.
...............................................................
John and Mandy dont going

to the beach.
Is Emma and Sam flying to America?

Are you waiting for me?
Are you reading? No, Vm not reading.
5 Wheres Ann? She is walk on the beach.
Wh- questions
6
We not studying French at

school
this doing?
year.
What
are you
you going?
7 Where
You are
have
a
good
time?
8
I
arent watching the
- SEE ALSO
TV. Turn it off.
9
Fred are eating a sandwich

for his lunch.
10 Are
waiting
they for a bus?
13
GRAMMAR 6 PRESENT CONTINUOUS AND PRESENT SIMPLE
1 Choose the best sentence for the situation.
GRAMMAR
1 A Im in the bathroom! I wash my hair.
B Im in the bathroom! Im washing my hair. /
Present continuous lam watching and

2 A This maths problem is difficult. Do you know the answer?
present simple
I watch
1 Richard (always, get up)......................JiVY.#ys.0.&S............................
before 7.00.
B This maths problem is difficult. Are you knowing the answer?
2 Hurry up! The bus (wait)..........................................
..................for us!
3 Where (we, go)..........................................................
....................?
This
is the
wrong
3 A Do you wait
for the school
bus?
Youre
in road!
the wrong place!
Present continuous
4 My friends (not believe)...........................................

.............my story.
B
Are
you
waiting
for
the
school
bus?
Yourebook.
in the wrong place!
5 Please be quiet! I (read)............................................ ......................a very interesting
Use the present continuous to describe things that are happening at the moment.
6 (like, Susan)..............................................................
horror films?
4 A Look at that bike! It costs 350.
7 Maria (usually, sit)....................................................
......................at
the
front
of
Jim is watching television at the moment. the class.
8 Carlos cant talk to you at the moment. He
(have)......................................
.............a shower.
B Look
at that bike! It is costing 350.
simple
9 Please wait for a moment, Jane. IPresent
(talk)...................
.............to Susan.
Use the present simple to describe habits and routines.
Things we do often, every day, every week, etc.
Things that always happen.

I arrive at school at 8.30.
The first lesson starts at 8.45.
The lesson finishes at 9.30.
We generally use these verbs with the present simple, not the present continuous:
cost
This bike costs 200.
like
Anna likes rap music,
know
Do you know the answer?
understand
I dont understand this,
believe
Do you believe me?
Some verbs have one meaning in the present simple, but a different meaning in the
present continuous.
14
CHECKPOINT 1
Units 1-6
Correct each sentence or question.
1 I oesivt- likes this film.
.....................MftWi't.AkteS...
2 What do you wants?
................................................
3 Jim walk sometimes to school.
................................................
4 When the lesson begins?
................................................
5 I dont gets up early on Saturdays.
................................................
6 Tina not like computer games.
................................................
7 Alex watchs television every night. ................................................................
Complete each sentence with one word. Contractions are one word.
1 What........do......you usually eat for lunch?
1 This bike (cost).........................................................

0 the most suitable word or phrase for each space.
Choose
a lot of money.
1 Someone for you outside Who is it?

A waits B is waiting
c waiting
2 What... of this book? I think its fantastic!

A do you think B is you think
3
A Are you believe B Are you believing

4 Kate is busy. She.......for a test.
A is study B is studying
c you do think
in ghosts?
c Do you believe
c is studies
a great time at the moment!

A We are have B Were have
6 Tina usually........at 7.00.

A get up B is getting up
1 What time ,Qr to bed?
A usually do you go B do usually you go
c Were having
c gets up
c do you usually go
15
2 Every day, Frank........to work.

A goes B is going
Cgo
3 Stop it!......it!
A Im not liking B I dont like
4 What.......? Is it an orange?
A you are eating B are you eating
5 Anna feels ill, so she........basketball.
A doesnt play B isnt play
c I not like
c do you eat
c isnt playing
6 Pay attention, Philip!.........?

A Do you listen B Is it listening
c Are you listening
7 Excuse me........to the city centre?

A This bus goes B Does this bus go
16
c Is this bus go
CHECKPOINT 1 UNITS 1-6
Rewrite each sentence using the words in brackets.
Jo goes to school by bus. (usually)

Jo 1/tsutfllUj to school by touts...
Im working hard, (not)
Sara likes sport, (not)
I get up at 6.30. (always)
We speak German, (not)
Peter goes to the beach, (often)
Present simple or present continuous? Change the verb if it is wrong.
Are you having a motorbike?
h?.Y.
.........................................................
Im staying in a hotel near the sea.
Id like to buy this coat. How much is it costing?
What you doing?
Ym usually getting up at 6.00.
This book is difficult. Im not understanding it.
Think about grammar!

Are the sentences true or false?
1 Present simple questions always begin with the word do.
17
GRAMMAR 7 PAST SIMPLE (REGULAR): AFFIRMATIVE
1 Complete the sentences with the past simple form of the verbs in brackets.
I started
he started
R
M
MAR
G RG
Ashe
MA
Mstarted
AR
you started
we started
they started
it started
Past simple (regular verbs): affirmative

Past
simple (regular verbs): negative
I watched
I didn't start
Negative
We use the past simple to describe finished events in the past.
We
did9pm
not or
didnt
when we make negatives in the past simple. We put did not after the
7pmuse
8pm
10pm
11pm
8pm 9pm 10pm
pronoun I, you, he etc. We do not add -ed.
YESTERDAY
TODAY
2 Complete the paragraph with-f
the past simple form of the
verbs
- from the box.
Mv daw vesterdav
1 My mother (call)...............
........me at 7.00.
Yesterday I watched a great film on TV. It

started at 8pm
finished at 10pm.
.....and (dress)...................................
veryand
quickly.
2 I (wash)..............................
day at school_________________________________________________
3 I (walk)................................ My...first
to school.
A After school I (watch)
Regular verbs: add -ed to form the past simple
watch + ed start + ed
........... 'television.
5 Then I (play).......................
6 At 0.30 we (finish^
.............basketball with my friends.

remember my first day at school in 20011 i (1 )
.............................the ame.
at .30 and
7 before bedtime I (phone).....................................my friend.

(2)
lessons at 9.00. We (5)........................ from 9,00 to 1 2,00.
John played football last week.
arrive
continue
finish
listen to move
play
Start
In 1998 I decided
to Australia.
The bus arrived at 9.30.
talk
Yesterdaywork
I walked to school
Kate stayed in Turkey last summer.
Spelling
3
Change
the sentences
intothe
past
simple
sentences.
One-syllable
verbs: double
final
consonant.
1 fit--------------------
Tom looks out of the fitted----------------------------------------------------------stop
window.
ToiM,
ltep
utt
of
the wliA/dow.
One-syllable verbs ending consonant
+ y: change y to i.
stopped
cry--------------------- cried
try---------------------- tried
3 Laura watches television
One-syllable
verbs ending vowel + y do not change.
all afternoon.
play----------------- played
stay------------------ stayed
4 The bus stops at the end of the street.
Two-syllable verbs: double the final consonant when the stress is on the last syllable.
admit-------------------- admitted
Two-syllable verbs with the stress on the first syllable do not double the final
5 I visit an old castle on Saturday.
consonant.
answer------------------ answered
Sue waits for her friends for more than an hour.
They decide to come
my party.verbs
Other to
regular
6
7
I did not start
answer listen start

he did not start
arrive live
we did not start
I didnt start
he didnt start
we didnt start
you did not start
she did not start
they did not start
you didnt start
she didnt start
they didnt start
18
stop
19
it did not start

it didnt start
Did I start?
Did he start?
Did we start?
Did you start?
Did she start?
Did they start?
Did it start?
Yes/No Questions
We use did when we make questions in the past simple. We put did before the pronoun
I, you, he etc. We do not add -ed.
Did you start learning English last year?
Did they arrive yesterday? No, they didn't arrive yesterday. They arrived on
Monday.
Did you finish your homework? No, I didn't finish my homework. It was very
difficult.
Wh- questions
When did you start learning English?
When did you finish your homework?
When did you start school? I started school in 1993.
GRAMMAR 8 PAST SIMPLE (REGULAR): NEGATIVE AND QUESTIONS
1 Change the sentences into negative sentences.
1 Our bus arrived on time.

Our bu.s rtuWt amy y tiiMg'.'
2 Sue phoned last night.
3
Maria finished
early yesterday.
The train stopped at

Harrys station.
I wanted to go
to bed early.
Carlos
answered my
letter.
John invited lots of people
to his party.
7
8
9
work
The
shops
opened
on
Sunday.
Peter
liked
his
new
shoes.
Change the statements into questions.
1 Tim arrived at 2.00.

rc Tim ae at ZL.OQ?
2 Sam phoned home.
3
Helen wanted to make

a phone call.
Paul
visited the
doctor.
Bill
missed
the
bus.
George
walked
to
school.
Jim opened
the
window.
Emma helped
the teacher.
5
6
7
8
9
Alice
washed
her hair.
21
GRAMMAR 9 PAST SIMPLE (IRREGULAR): AFFIRMATIVE
G1 RComplete
A M M A Rthe sentences with the past simple form of the verbs in brackets.
1 The last lesson (begin)..............fessftfk.........at 2.30.
Past simple (irregular verbs): affirmative

2
Joe (feel)...................................ill after lunch.
I went
3............................................................................. Suddenly a bird (fly)
in the window!
4 I think
you do
(do)...................................the
wrong
Irregular
verbs
not have -ed endings for the
pastthing.
simple. Each verb has its own form
and we have to learn these forms.
5 Jane (get)...............................................ready very quickly.
go --------------------- went eat -------------------------------ate
6
We (know)..........................................................the answer.
come------------------- came
do -----------------------
did
have ------------------ had

get ----------------------
got (stand)
7..............................................................................................
The students
the teacher arrived.
8
It was cold, but I (wear).................................two pullovers.
Anna (eat).......................................two plates of spaghetti.
10 Rick (tell).................................us the time.

Choose the correct words to complete this article about Sally Green.
go
eat
I went
you went
Last week we went to the cinema.

Yesterday
I drank
tenSally
colas.Green
A day
in the
life of
I ate
Task
you ate
he went
she went
Complete the list. Use the words from the box.

he ate
sent
got
did knew began flew brought
she ate
it went
it ate
we went
we ate
Verb
they ate
begin
they went
A get
A went
A put on
22
Past simple
bgî,
Verb
took went had
Past simple
have
bring
know
come
make
do
meet
drink
run
find
send
fly
1
2
3
Pedro ate 10 cakes yesterday.

We made dinner last night.
stand
get
Now check your answers. Look at the list of irregular verbs on page 248.
B gets
c got
B goed
c goes
B putted on
c puts on
up when
GRAMMAR 10 PAST SIMPLE (IRREGULAR): NEGATIVE AND QUESTIONS
4
5
6
A eat
A read
A made
A sat
A watches
A does
A corned
A has
A begin
8
9
1
0
11
1
213
GRAMMAR
kkd.Mftte.fUj.tft
..............................................................................Yes, Anna went to Italy.
..............................................................................Yes, Jack found the money.
..............................................................................Yes, Helen knew the answer.
..............................................................................Yes, Alex came to the party.
..............................................................................Yes, Pat brought the flowers.
..............................................................................Yes, Kate sent the letter.
................
Read the answers. Write a question for each answer.
9
B
14
B
B
15
B
B
16
B
B
17
B
Yes, Nick flew to the USA.
Past simple (irregular verbs): negative We didn't go and

questions Did you go?
Negative
..............................................................................Yes, Alan made the cake.

have
c ate
Mike took the bus..............................................................................................................
saw
readed last week.
We didn't gocto school
make
making
c the
Maria and
SamCarlos
didn'tdid
eat
anhomework.................................................................................
ice-cream yesterday.
sit
c was
They didn't give
Jack a present.
watched
c wached
Catherine got a prize..........................................................................................................
I
didn't
have
went
cbreakfast.
did
come
c came
Peter
knew the teacher.......................................................................................................
Questions
had
c have
beginned
Sam went to university......................................................................................................
c began
B
18
B write
c wrote
B
drunk
19 Paula ate a sandwich..........................................................................................................
c drank
Did you go to the cinema last night?
A writes
14 A drinks
20 Murat and
ran me
fast.................................................................................................
DidSoraya
you send
a letter last week?
Where did you go yesterday?
What did you do?
In questions and negative sentences with did/didnt, the main verb is not in the past form.
I didnt go to the cinema last night.
I did not go
he did not go
we did not go
I didnt go
he didnt go
we didnt go
you did not go
she did not go
they did not go
you didnt go
she didnt go
they didnt go
it did not go
it didnt go
Did I go?
Did he go?
Did we go?
Did you go?
Did she go?
Did they go?
Did it go?
23
24
1 When (you, come)...........................

2 Jack (not, wear)...............................
did you. c-om,e
....................to this country?

..........................his raincoat.
11
GRAMMAR
Past simple of be I was, you were

Statements
4 How many pages (you, write)...
At 8.00 last night I was at home.
5 What (the teacher, say)...................
6 (you, not, tell).................................
.......................us your name.
8 \J ' O ' .......... ...... ...... ....... .....<

..........the other girls name.
Dave and Sue were at the cinema last night It
was very cold yesterday. ...............................to school?
9 Which books (you, take)................
1 (Jane, not, get)................................
I was ill last week.
0
.............................any letters.
Negatives
I was
wasn't
herewas/were
yesterday.to make negatives. We also use the short forms wasnt/ weren't.
We Iput
not after
he was
we were
you were
she was
they were
it was
Kate wasn't happy at work last year. We

weren't at home last night.
I was late yesterday.
he was not
we were not
I was not
I wasnt
he wasnt
you were not

you werent
Questions
she was not
we weren't
they were not
she wasnt
they werent
We put was before /, he, she, it, and were before you, we, they to make questions. Was it
it was not
it wasnt
Was I?
Were you at home at 6.00 last night? Was

Harry in London yesterday? Were you at
school on Tuesday?
Was he?
Were we?
Were you?
Was she?
Were they?
Was it?
26
25
GRAMMAR 11 PAST SIMPLE OF BE

1 Look at the pictures and complete the questions and answers.
Helen: at the cinema
Nick: at work
Tom and Dan: at home
Liz and Jane: at school
....................................................at home yesterday?

Helen.......................................................She..............wfls.&t.jttos.fti'.W'.eKVVft
................................................................at school yesterday?

Tom and Dan.............................................................
They........................................................
..................................................................at home yesterday?
Use the prompts to make questions and negative sentences.
Jim / at home / last night
you
at
.................................?
school
on
Monday
?
3
the cinema / open / on Sunday......................................................................................?
all your friends / at your party......................................................................................?
5............................................................................................................................................
Kevin and Mel / at my party.. hr^y.Qyyd. M61 w.erfitA/1 fit m.Uj rtbj......................
27
I was eating.
You were eating.
12
He was eating.
We were eating.
She was eating.
They were eating.
It was eating.
GRAMMAR
Past continuous: all forms

I was eating. He wasn't eating. Were you eating?
Was I eating?
Were you eating?
Was he eating?
Were we eating?
Was she eating?

Were they eating?
The past continuous describes a continuing situation in the past. We often interrupt a continuing
Was it eating?
situation with a sudden event.
6.30pm 7pm
7.30pm
8pm
8.30pm
now
----------------------------------Thaving my dinner phone rang

Nadia phoned me at 7.30. I was having my dinner. Steve was
eating in the restaurant when the fire started.
We form the past continuous with was/were + verb +ing I was watching
Statements
Last month I was working in Brazil
Jack and Tony were working in Italy.
Negatives
The teacher was talking, but Harry wasn't listening. Carmen
wasn't teaching in 1990y she was studying.
I wasnt eating.
He wasnt eating.
We weren't eating.
You weren't eating.
She wasnt eating. They werent eating.

It wasnt eating.
Was he listening?
Questions
Were they working in the office?

Were you eating when I phoned?
Wh- questions
28
What were you doing at 6.00?
Who was he talking to?
CHECKPOINT 2
1 Tom (look)....
2 We (take) . .
GRAMMAR 12 PAST CONTINUOUS: ALL FORMS
1 Look at the
of a classroom at 2.00 yesterday. Complete each sentence about it
looked
, outpicture
of the window.
. the bus
from the airport to the city centre.
Units
7-12
3 Laura (read)
.....the book all afternoon.
4 Kate (close)
....all the windows and doors.
1 Complete
the sentences
with the past simple form of the verbs in brackets.
5 An old friend (come).................
.....................to
see me yesterday.
6 I (see).............. .....................an interesting film last week.
Choose the most suitable answer (a-g) for each question (1-7).
What were you doing when you saw the accident?
........?!......
Did you go to Italy last summer?
..................
What
did you do last weekend?
1 3Anna
m.$.xjwdxy..k.k........................................................................
..................
2 Paula and Jim............................................................................................

4 What did you do when you saw the two men?
..................
3 Tim.............................................................................................................
5 Did you go to school yesterday?
..................
4 Kate and Bill.............................................................................................

6 Did you have a good time at the party?
..................
5 Sam............................................................................................................
7 When did you find the money?
..................
6 Ed and Lisa................................................................................................
a) Yes, I really enjoyed myself.
2
Write negative sentences.
b) I called the police.

1 Anna was drawing pictures.
Wflsi/y';^Lc-
t uc)
. r eYes,
s ; I spent three weeks there.
I was
the bus-stop.
2 d)Paula
andstanding
Jim wereat looking
out of the window.......................................
I was cleaning
the floor.
3 e)TimWhile
was reading
a book............................................................................
I met
and spent
time
with my family.
4 f)Kate
and my
Billfriends,
were writing
on the
board..................................................
No,
I was
ill. Ifootball.........................................................................
stayed at home.
5 g)Sam
was
playing
3
Rewrite each sentence so it has the same meaning. Use a negative form of a verb
6 Ed and Lisa were listening to music........................................................

from the box.
close forget get up like miss sit down go out win
29
Where did you went last night?................................................................................
I didnt knew the answer............................................................................................
Harry maked a lot of noise.........................................................................................
I didnt liked my new teacher....................................................................................
Took you your medicine?...........................................................................................
Helen corned home late last night.............................................................................
I didnt got up early this morning..............................................................................
What did you saw at the cinema?..............................................................................
Read the answers. Write a question for each answer.
Were
........................................................................
Last night? No, I wasnt working last night.

2
Was . ..........................................................................................................................
Yes, thats right. Tim was waiting at the bus-stop.
Was..............................................................................................................................
No, Mary wasnt talking.
Was..............................................................................................................................
Yes, thats right. Kate was wearing jeans.
Were............................................................................................................................
Yes, All and Mehmet were playing football.
Was...................................................... .......................................................................
Raining? Yes, it was.
31
14
1
GRAMMAR 13 PAST CONTINUOUS AND PAST SIMPLE
GRAMMAR
GRAMMAR
Underline the correct verb form in each sentence.
1 While
I was doinused
/ did my to
homework,
I had
Past
habits:
I used
toa good
playidea.
tennis.
Past continuous I was watching T V.. . and
2
Jim was breaking/ broke his leg when he was playing golf.
We use simple
used to when we
situation
or habit in the past. We often contrast the
past
... describe
whenaPaul
phoned.
3pastWhen
I arrived,
with the
present.I was going / went into the kitchen.
4
We often contrast a continuing situation (/ was watching TV...) with a sudden event (... Paul
were
/foundevery
an old
box while
digging
IWe
used
to finding
drink coffee
morning,
but we
nowwere
I drink
tea. in the garden.
phoned).
5 Example
1
I was seeing
/ saw an old friend while I was waiting for the train.
Statements
B was deciding
c were deciding
I wasI watching
when
phoned.
6B waiting
While
had / was TV
having
a Paul
bath,
the phone rang.
c was
waiting
(continuing
B was
starting situation)
c (sudden
started event)
6.
20pm 7pm 7.30pm
8pm
8.30pm
now
B wore
c were wearing
Complete each sentence with the past simple or past continuous form of the
B had
--------------------------c didnt
- ------------------------------------------------------------*
have
verbs in brackets.
B were standing
c standed
watching
TV
telephone
ranglast week.
1.....................................
Chris (eat).....
spaghetti
every day
B driving
c drove
2 A were waiting
3 A start
4 A was wearing
5 A werent having
6 A stood
7 A drived
B waved
c was waving
2...........................................................................................
I (come)
I
started
watching
TV
at 7.00.notice
Paul phoned at 8.00. When
I
B noticed
c didnt
was
TV when
Paul phoned.
room,
twowatching
boys
B take
c taked
While I was watching TV, Paul phoned.
(play)....................................football.
Example 2
8 A were waving
9 A noticing
1 0 A took
Peter (turn on).........................................the TV, but nothing

While I was waiting for the bus, I saw the accident.
(continuing situation) (sudden event)
10am_______________
(happen)..........................................
into
.....the
the
my
11am
now
----------------------------------------------------
While we (run)........................................in the park, Mary

(fall over)........................................
I started waiting for the bus at 10.00. I saw the accident at 10.30.
While I (listen).......................................to music, I (hear)...
I saw the accident when I was waiting for the bus.
I saw the accident while I was waiting for the bus.

I was waiting for the bus when I saw the accident.
When I saw the accident, I was waiting for the bus.
We use often use while with past continuous to mean during the time that something
was happening.
Questions
I used to play tennis.
What were you doing when I phoned? I was watching TV when you phoned.
I used to play he used to play we used to play, etc.
Negatives
33
Sheila didn't use to play basketball.

I didnt use to play she didnt use to play
we didnt use to play, etc.
Questions
Did they use to play football?
Did he use to play? Did you use to play?
Did they use to play? etc.
We can use used to with be, have and with verbs generally in present simple such as like, own
etc.
Harry used to be the captain of the team.
I used to like folk music, but I dont like it any more.
There is no present form of used to.

I used to work in London, but now I work in Manchester.
The past simple is also possible in these examples, but used to is more common.
I had a motorbike when I was younger.
34
GRAMMAR 14 PAST HABITS: USED TO
1 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences.
Look at the table below. Write sentences about the past. Use used to and didn't use
to.
1 ride horses
200 years ago
2 drive cars
3 make their own clothes
4 go to the cinema
5 wash their clothes by hand
6 watch TV
7 keep animals for food
8 use computers
X
1 David
2 Anna
Two hundred years ago ...

1
people (ride)..................................................................................horses.
they (drive)...........................................................................................cars.
they (make)...............................................................their own clothes.
4...................................................................................................... they (go to)
3 Nick
the cinema.
they (wash).........................................................their clothes by hand.
Write statements, negatives or questions with used to.
Susan / have / a dog? (question)
.............................
5 Carol
people / use / mobile phones (negative)

6 Jack
1 David / like C6 crcarri / hate itustd to 1 U / 6

3
ortvM,, bu.t iAsOW V\t h f l t
it.
he / go / swimming (statement)
2 Anna / live in the country / in the city

they / like
jazz music?
(question)
3 4 Nick
/ /walk
to
school / ride a bike
4
Kate / get
5 upOlgas
latefamily
/ / live / in Moscow (statement)
early
5 Carol / have short
hair / long hair
6 we / drink / coffee (negative)
6 Jack /
be
short /
tall
36
35
GRAMMAR 14 PAST HABITS: USED TO
Rewrite each sentence or question so it has the same meaning. Use used to.
I was in the school tennis team.

I.
.bft Kv.th. .SGhfiGk
...................................................
Sophie had long hair when she was at school.
Mary didnt listen when her teachers were speaking.
Ricardo got up at 6.00 when he was training for the Olympics.
What did you usually do on Saturday evenings?
Becky was afraid of dogs when she was a girl.
We always gave our teachers presents at the end of term.
Did you live next door to Mrs Harrison?
the sentences with your personal details.

12 Complete
I used to eat.................................................................................
but now I dont.
11
13 I used to hate................................................................................ but now I love it.

14 I didnt use to drink............................................................................
but now I do.
15
I used to read............................................................................... but now I dont.
16
I didnt use to watch................................................on television, but now I do.
What did your grandparents and parents use to do?

My. .0 Kfl Kvd.-fktki.eK. us.c .t0.
f e W i . l a w * . K&y. dad. ......................................
37
I have started
he has started
we have started
Ive started
hes started
weve started
you have started
she has started
they have started
youve started
sh.es
G R Astarted
MMAR
it has started
theyve started
15
Present perfect: affirmative I've lost my watch.
its started
We use present perfect when we describe a very recent event in the past without an exact time.
The film has started.
We often explain a present situation by saying what happened before it. We do not mention an
exact time.
Why are you late? Vve lost my watch.
The past action (losing the watch) has a result in the present (Im late).
Verb
We use the present perfect when we talk about our experiences in the past and do not mention
an exact time.
eat
leave
Past simple
Past participle
We form the present perfect with
ate
eaten
Ive finished my homework.
left
left
drink
drank
Regular verbs
have/has + past participle

Anna has lost her watch.
drunk
With regular verbs, the past participle is the same as the past simple.
Irregular verbs
Each irregular verb has its own past participle. Sometimes the participle is the same as the
There is a list of irregular verbs on page 248.
38
1 Complete each sentence with has/have and a participle from the box.
broken
bought eaten taken written
lost
finished
found
happened
left
GRAMMAR
15 PRESENT
PERFECT: AFFIRMATIVE
have not = haven t
has not = hasnt
Regular
GRAMMAR
we haven t started they Irregular
we haven t eaten they
haven t started
haven t eaten
havent started
you
haven t started he hasnt

started she hasn't started
it hasn't started
I haven t eaten you
Present perfect:
negative I haven't visited China. and
haven t eaten he
My dog.............KV......................my sandwich!
hasnt eaten she hasnt
Helen............................................her bag.
Negatives
Im
sorry. I...........................................your pen.
I haven*t visited China before. This is the first time.
Wheres my dictionary? Someone..............................................it!
Were too late. The programme...................................................
Tina isnt here. She............................................
The police are outside the school! Something awful....................................................
questionseaten
Have you started?
it hasn't eaten
8............................................................................................. I
9
your book! Here it is!
Questions
Jack..........................................five
letters.
started
yourCairo?
homework?Yes, Vve finished
it! been there twice.
Have you ever
visited
Yes, Vve
10 I...............................some new shoes. Do you like them?

2
Complete the sentences with the present perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
Harry (do).............................................the housework.
2................................................................................. Kate and Bill (find)
a new flat.
3
Regular
Have I started?
Have you started?
Has he started?
Has she started?
Nick (send)...........................................an email.

Irregular
arrive copy have make ffttss phone read see spend wash
Have we started?
Have I eaten?
Have we eaten?
started?
you we....................................it.
eaten ?
Have they eaten?
1 Have
Oh they
no! Thats
the last Have
bus, and
2
Has he eaten?
Has shethe
eaten?
Carol..................................all
Harry Potter books. She likes them a lot!
Has it started?
Has it eaten?
3
I havent got any more money. I.........................................all of it!
4.................................................................................................... I
an idea! Lets go to Big
Burgers!
5
Your homework is the same as Jacks. I think you.....................................it!
Maria.................................her hair, and shes looking for the hairdryer.

39
GRAMMAR 16 PRESENT PERFECT: NEGATIVE AND QUESTIONS
Read Nick's list of'Things to Do'for his holiday. Write questions about it.
Use the words in brackets.
mmmm
dh&C-k t/y&tJ>/e y Xrtrte- ~/yi X
Borrouj (X Cteie.
Look at the /yiap / Bay a tdê-t X Pack sy?y suitcase X CJlooSe syjy C.Jot/ie.3 A
(hotel)
ms. b.e. bkt. khz.hotel?..
(Tim)
(map)
(suitcase)
(timetable)
(guide book)
8 (clothes)
b.o.Qk&d.
the. JaftteL
(hotel)
Read Nick's list. Write
statements
and negative
sentences.
(Tim)
(map)
(suitcase)
(timetable)
+ SEE
ALSO
(guide
book)
8 (clothes)
Complete this letter. Use the correct verb form of the words in brackets.
v>tar Mum, fli/vd

we () ..............^.VA.^pp.......... (eiAjoy) our holiday 0 far. we
(s) .................................................... (lA/Ot do)
sl0htseeliA,0. we
(3)
o^vthe beac-k.
(speiA/rt) . lot
of
tLw,e
Luckily, It (4) ............................................................ (i/vot Y VC) . Tim,

41
GRAMMAR
Present perfect He's left. and

past simple He left at 8.00.
Contrast
Present perfect
Sorry, he isrit here. Hes left.
We know that this is recent. We do not know when exactly he left.
Past simple
Sorry, he isnt here. He left at 8.00.
We know exactly when he left.
Present perfect
Ronaldo has scored a goal!
We are interested that he has scored! We are not interested in when he did this.
Past simple
Ronaldo scored a goal in the second minute of the match.
We are interested in the time when he scored.
Present perfect
Ive broken my pen. Now I cant write.
This explains why we cant do something now.

Past simple
broke my pen at school in the maths test.
This explains what happened, where it happened and when it happened.
Present perfect
Have you been to China?
Yes.
This is a question about our experiences in the past.
been and gone

Kate has been to school (She went there and came back. Shes at home now.) Kate has
gone to school. (Shes not at home now. Shes at school.)
GRAMMAR
17 PAST
PRESENT
PERFECT
AND PAST SIMPLE
GRAMMAR 18 PRESENT PERFECT
AND
SIMPLE:
TIME EXPRESSIONS
2003
2008
NOW
G R1AMatch
MAR
1MChoose
thesentence
best picture
(a-f)
foran
each
sentence (1
-6)
each
(1-7)
with
explanation
(a-g).
here simple: time expressions
Present perfectStarted
andliving
past
ever, just, yet, already, since, for, ago

Present perfect
We use the present perfect with:
ever, never (any time / not any time)

Have you ever seen a lion? Vve never seen a lion.
just (a short time ago)

Is Peter here? No, he's just gone out. There he is!
yet (not finished - with negatives and questions)

Have you finished your homework yet? No, Ym still doing it
already (finished - with statements)

Have a sandwich! No thanks,
at 12.00.
-1 yearve already eaten. I had lunch
NOW
-3 years -2 years w
T
since (a point in time)
J
.......6.........
1 I lived there for ten years.
Ive lived in this town for three years.

(I live here now.)
2 I have lived here for ten years.
2005
2003 2004 V
w
3 Pat has gone shopping.
I've
lived
in
this
town
since
T
2008. (I live here now.)
V
started
4 Pat has been finished

shopping.
Present perfect or past simple
for
5 Weve missed the bus.

(a period of time)
6 We missed the bus.
2
..................
NOW
..................
..................
____________
J
..................
..................
Underline the correct verb form in each sentence.
1 Can I have another book? Vve read read this one.

2 Im not ready. I didnt finish / haven t finished my homework.
3 I can t find my wallet. I think I ve lost / lost it.
4 Did you eat / Have you eaten spaghetti last night?
I lived in that flat for two years, but I dont live there now.
5 Harry left / has left at 10.30.
Past simple
6 Hurry up, Jim! You didnt start / haven t startedl
ago
7 Did you see / Have you seen the match on TV last night?
I started learning English a year ago.
3
Complete the sentences with the past simple or present perfect form of the
1 Jim has just written a book. ............................................

2 Has Jim written a book yet? ..............................................
3 Jim has already written a book. .........................................
43
4 Jim wrote a book a year ago. .............................................

5 Jim has never written a book. ............................................
6 Has Jim ever written a book? ............................................
7 Jim has written two books since 2006...............................
a) This is not his first book.
b) Does Jim write books?
c) He finished his book last year.

d) He finished a few days ago.
e) Jim started writing in 2006 and has written two books between then and now.
f) Jim doesnt write books.
g) Has he finished a book?
already
ever
for
just
never
since
yet
1 Have you ever / yet visited Slovenia?

2 Tom has for /just come back from the USA.
3 Ym not hungry. Ive already / since eaten.
4 Jane lived in Greece since /for fifteen years.
3 Complete each sentence with a time word from the box.
1 Sue has been on the beach............f.QK...an hour, but she hasnt had a swim yet.
2 I dont want to see this film. Ive.......................seen it.
3 Have you......................been to the Greek islands?
4 Can you wait a moment? I havent finished.............................
5 Ouch! An insect has......................bitten me!
45
CHECKPOINT 3
Units 13-18
1
Past continuous or past simple? Correct each sentence.
1.......................................... When I wa-s-amvi-iig at Dans house, he was waiting outside

................................................................................................................................. ^.YXkV...........
2
While we were doing a maths test, the head teacher was

coming into the room.
.................................
3 While we swam, it started to rain.
.................................
4 While I was having a bath, the lights were going out.
.................................
5 Debra watched television when the storm began.
.................................
6 While I was walking to the shop I was losing my bag!
.................................
7 What were you doing when I was seeing you yesterday?
.................................
8 I was walking up the stairs when I was hearing the phone. .....................................................
2
Complete each sentence. Use one word in each space.
1 Kate has ...Mfe.KV... twenty photos of the children so far.

2................................................. Have you ever
this book? Its really good.
3................................................. Have you ever
to Egypt?
4 The dogs not hungry. It hasnt........................its dinner.

5........................................... Im going to bed. I think Ive a cold.
6 Oh no! Ive......................my bag on the bus.
7 Jim has just....................a new mountain bike. It was very expensive.
Complete each sentence or question with a time expression.
Sam has worked for the same company...........................................three years.
Karen hasnt finished her project..........................................
A: Whats Madrid like?

B: I dont know. I have...................................been there.
4............................................................... I waited at the bus-stop
two hours.
Ive..................................had a phone call from my brother in Canada.
Helen has lived here.......................................2008.
Have you...................................eaten Chinese food?
Rewrite each sentence so it has the same meaning. Use the words in bold.
I last went to the cinema a long time ago.

I
haven't bKv to the
havent
.......................for a long time.
Jane rode her bike to school when she was younger.
ride
Jane............................................................................................................to school.
before?
When have you arr -ived here?

...did .you.. nry..
What you were doing when I phoned you?
................................
I didnt do the shopping yet.
................................
When I was young I was wearing glasses.
................................

1 We use the present perfect with exact times.
47
GRAMMAR
Be going to: plans and predictions

It's going to rain.
Plans or intentions
When you decide to do something in the future you make a plan or have an intention. A plan
can change, so it is not 100% certain.
Carol has bought her train ticket and booked her course.
She is going to study in France next month.
(This is her plan
or intention.)
Predictions from the situation

Sometimes we can see that something is going to happen.
Look out! Those books are going to fall on your head.
Statements
Hes going to cook dinner. Linda is going to learn Chinese.
Negatives
Clare isn't going to cook dinner.
Im not going to cook
He isnt going to cook
We arent going to cook
You arent going to cook
She isnt going to cook They arent going to cook
Yes/No Questions
Are you going to cook dinner?
Am I going to cook?
Is he going to cook?
Are we going to cook?
Are you going to cook?
Is she going to cook?
Are they going to cook?
Wh- questions
What are you going to do in the summer?
When are you going to phone me? Is it going to rain ?
48
GRAMMAR
1919
BE
GOING
TO:
PLANS
AND
PREDICTIONS
GRAMMAR
BE
GOING
TO:
PLANS
AND
PREDICTIONS
2 Complete each sentence. Use going to and the verb in brackets.
crash few hit miss rain win
NOTES
1 (you, buy) PMy.................................................. ........................................a new bike?

2 Tom (not study)....................................................... ...............................................history.
3 I (buy)..................................................................... ..............................some new shoes.
4 (Helen, travel)......................................................... .............................................by train?
5 What (buy).............................................................. .....................................at the shops?
6 Jim and Dinah (not get)......................................... .............................................married.
7 Sam (take)............................................................... ...........................................a holiday.
8 What time (you, phone).......................................... .....................................................me?
1 Careful! You ar.tjQoivuqD.falL..
2 I think it
9 Where (we, eat).......................................................
..............................................tonight?
1 I (not give)..............................................................
................Dave
a birthday
present!
3 Rewrite each sentence
or question
with going
to.
0
1 Joe plans to buy a new computer next year.
Joe Is 0'I) to bty. iA,w w,'ur
2
3
ijec
We dont plan to play tennis this weekend.
Does Nick plan to join the

sports club?
1.....................................................................................................................................
On
Saturday . h . 0 / ? k f l c 0 .to Yxiv.t .fl t faOCfy/V ......................................................

What are your plans for
next summer?
2..............................................................................................................
on Sunday.
5 Look! That tree is about
to fall over!
3 On Monday..............................................................................................................
4
Do you plan to work

hard this year?
4..............................................................................................................
on Tuesday.
7 3 Look
I dont
out!intend
You to
4 Oh dear, I think he
a new
car.
5getOn
Wednesday.........................................................................................................
the tree!
8
The
forecast
for
Do Mike and Pat plan to make sandwiches
Saturday
..........................................................................................................on
Thursday.
am'ue 6ai
4.00pm
tomorrow
is rain.
Sunday
for the party?

walk around
Ike lage
Monday
10 I think it s
isii ikeabout
caslle to
snow.
Tuesday
s/7 /1 ihe beach
Wednesday
see ike museum
Thursday
Hurry up, we
climb5 Ike
mountain
Friday
buy pfesenis at Ike market

50
6 Look! She
the bus.
51 49
I will leave
you will leave
20
he will leave
we will leave
she will leave
they will leave
it will leave
GRAMMAR
Will: predictions I'll be late

I wont leave
he wont leave
you wont leave
she wont leave

they wont leave
A
prediction
is
what
you think will happen or wont happen.
it wont leave
Will I leave?
Will you leave?
we wont leave
Jim will pass all his exams.
It will rain tomorrow.
Ill be late tonight.
It won't rain tomorrow.
We can show that we are not certain with perhaps, probably, I think or I expect> or I dont
Will
he leave?
we of
leave?
think,
I dont expect.Will
Some
these words show stronger uncertainty.
perhaps
probably I expect Im sure
I leave?dont Will they leave?
I think
Will she
Will it leave?
know 0
Jim will probably pass all his exams.
Perhaps ril be late tonight.
I don't expect it will rain.
10
I expect it will rain tomorrow.

I
think he will come to the

party.
# We can also show that we are certain with Vm sure.

Vm sure itll rain tomorrow.
Vm sure it won't rain tomorrow.
Statements
Theyll leave tomorrow.
Negatives
I won't be at school on Friday,
wont = will not
Will the shop be open tomorrow?
- SEE ALSO Grammar 69:

52
Functions 3 Grammar 70:
Short form: ril leave tomorrow.
GRAMMAR 20 WILL: PREDICTIONS
Complete each sentence or question. Use will or won't and the verb in brackets.
I (choose)..........will e h f t h e team next week.
You (not have).....................................a lot of time to answer the questions.
3.................................................................................... Mr Jones (be) back at about 7.30.

4......................................................................... Dimitri (not know) the answer.
5......................................................................... Im sure Jane (like)
her birthday present.
6.............................................................................................. (you give)
us
any
homework on Friday?
7................................................................................... There (not be) any lessons tomorrow.
8..................................................... (we see)
you tomorrow evening?
9......................................................................................... I expect lots of people (buy) Alan

Whites new book.
10 I think our team (win).........................................the match.
2
Rewrite each sentence using the words In bold.
Itll be cold tomorrow.
Im sure
I'm, sure it will b bold tomorrow.
Well win.
Ill leave now.
Jim wont be late.
I expect
I think
Im sure
53
21
GRAMMAR 21 WILL: PROMISES, DECISIONS, REFUSING
1 Choose the most suitable reply (a-f) for each statement or question (1-6).
2 Give me that piece of cake! \

3 Wheres your homework? \
GRAMMAR
4 What would you like to eat?
\
b) Ill bring it tomorrow, I promise!

c) No, I wont! Its mine.
V d) Ill have a sandwich, please.
e) Bye, Ill
see you later.
Will: promises,
decisions,
refusing
5 Where are we going to meet?

6 Please remember to call me.
f) Ill see you outside the cinema.
2 Look
thewill
pictures
andwhen
makewe
sentences
with will
or won't. of the moment and when we refuse
Weatuse
and wont
make promises
or decisions
to do things.
Meetings and appointments
Promises
2 Promise to be home before midnight.
1 Decide to have the giant pizza.

I'll have the 0liA,t plzzfl.
Ill see you outside the cinema at 7.30.
Decisions of the moment
3 Arrange to meet tomorrow at 6.30.
Waiter:
what would you like?
Customer: Ill have chicken, please.
I'll give you the money tomorrow.
Refusing
4 Decide to take the red pair.
Come here! No, I wont!
5 Refuse
do this!
6 Promise
to paytoyour
friend back at
the end of the week.
54
-
SEE
ALSO
Grammar
67:
Function
s
1
Function
55
GRAMMAR
will or going to?

Study these examples.
Plan or intention
Do you want to go to the cinema this evening?
No, Vm going to do lots of work this evening.
What are you going to do on Friday evening?
I haven t decided yeti
Are you going to play basketball tonight?
No, I dont think so.
Prediction
What time will you be home tonight?
Ill probably be late.
Vm sure our team will win!
I dont expect itll rain.
Here is the weather forecast; tomorrow it will rain in the afternoon. In
2050, everyone in the world will have a computer.
Prediction from clues

Its very dark, I think it's going to rain soon.
Promise
You havent done your homework. Where is it?
Ill do it this evening, and Ill give it to you tomorrow morning.
56
Refusing
GRAMMAR 22 WILL OR GOING TO?

1
1 Tick (/) the most suitable sentence or question for each picture.
c)
d)
e)
f)
That tree is going to

fall! /
That tree will fall!
Are you going to meet your

friends today?
Will you meet your friends
II The King will arrive at 6.00.

III The King is going to arrive at 6.00.
a) Ill be back!
b) Im going to be back!
Im not going to eat it.

a
)
I wont eat it.
a) I wont be late tomorrow.

b) Im not going to be late tomorrow.
IV Complete each sentence with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
Jane (have).....................Q.Qk'frQt.Q. have............a baby in the summer.
VI Bye for now. Perhaps I (see)......................................................................you later.

VII Next summer I (stay)................................................with my relatives in New York.
VIII I dont know my plans for the weekend. What (do you)............................................?
GRAMMAR 23 PRESENT CONTINUOUS: FUTURE USE
23
GRAMMAR
Present continuous: future use

We can use the present continuous when we talk about arrangements for the future and give
a time. Arrangements are plans, but we are sure they will happen. We often write them in our
diaries.
My parents are buying me a bike for my birthday. (Im sure about this.)
Saturday
4-.30
Sunday
stay at home
Monday
Basketball 3 p.n/t.
Tuesday
Tô 0\M,t shoppliA/0 LiA/ fl-fteriA/OoiA,

2 (see)
the dtvyti&t at *4;30 , stcray.
Wednesday
L-ov^dov^
(stay).......................................................................................................
Thursday
Party
(play)......................................................................................................
Friday
jlM, fliA/d Carol - Lu.iA.oh
(do)..........................................................................................................
appoinimeni Friday 6lh 9.30 am
(go).........................................................................................................
Nightingale Surgery, Old Town Road, Hadlow, Suffolk, IP20 3AA

'Are you doing anything on SaturdayV Tm having a party!
Complete each sentence using the present continuous form of the verb in
brackets.
(Its
fixed. Ive invited my friends.)
10 What (you do).............are

.......this evening?
*What are you doing tomorrowV Tm staying at home and studying!
11 and
I (notgo
come)......................................................to school tomorrow.
come
We generally use present continuous future (not going to) with come and go. My
12 brother
Tina (go)....................................................to
Italy next week.
is coming to stay.
13 Vm
(you
have).........................................................a
party this week?
going
to Prague tomorrow.
going
present
continuous?
14 to
Weor
(not
go)...............................................home
on the bus after school.
15 (Mrs Simpson teach)...................................................us this afternoon?
59
58
later
at
a minute
in
tomorrow
later
on
after
this
at
tomorrow
CHECKPOINT 4
1
in
next year
tonight
GRAMMAR 24 FUTURE TIME WORDS
Choose the most suitable ending to complete each conversation.

G1R AAre
M Myou
A Rfree tomorrow night?
.....A
Units 19-24
A Sorry, Im going to the cinema with Peter.

HereBare
someIll
examples
time words
we usec when
aretotalking about the future:
Sorry,
go to theofcinema
with Peter,
Sorry,we
I go
the cinema with Peter.
tomorrow
1 Choose the most suitable
word or phrase for each space.
Ym leaving for France tomorrow.
Doplans
you have
any
plans for your birthday? Yes,
a party.
2 What 1are your
for the
holidays?
..........
next week
III see you at the meeting next week.
Ill have
B Im having
A I have aAgood
rest!
soon
Goodbye! Ill see you soon.
B Thanks,
2 IIll
need
have
some
a good
helprest!
withcthe
Imshopping
going totomorrow.
have a
Dont worry,..............
later,
goodafter
rest!
A Ill help
B Im helping
Ill phone you later.
(no object)
3 What are the arrangements for the school trip tomorrow? ...............................
Ill 3phone
you after theyou
filmgo
. on holiday?
(object)
What.....when
A Were meeting outside the front entrance at 8.30.
in a moment, etc.
A will you do
B are you going to do
Ill be back
a moment.
B Well
meet in
outside
the front entrance at 8.30. c Weve
met outside the front entrance at 8.30.
I'll 4see Do
you in
two
weeks.
you
want
to come to a football match on Saturday? Which teams................V
4 atWhere
(+ theare
time)
you going? I want to talk to you.
III be back
6.00.
A areatplaying
B are going to play
..........
A Ill be back
in a moment.
Revision:
contrasts
5 Dont carry all those heavy books. Some of the children you.
In the year 2100, people will live on the moon.
B Im going to be back in a moment, c Im being back in
Prediction Fixed
will tomorrow.
help
B are going
Our aschool
moment.
tripA starts
We're leaving
at six.to help
arrangement
2 Complete each sentence with words from the box.
Ive forgotten my keys and we cant get in the house.
6 The doctor is on his way. He..........in fifteen
minutes.
Plan/Intention
What are we going to do now?
A will be here
B is being
1 What are you doing the day after...........tovKOYYQW',,., ?
7 Good news. Ann.........a baby.
2 Kate is going to start learning French........................................
A will have
B is going to have
3 Thomas is leaving...................................the morning.
8 Im sorry I cant come to the lesson tomorrow...............my dad in hospital.
4 Rita will be back.....................................
A Ill visit
B Im visiting
5 The new school will open....................................8.30.
3 Complete each sentence with a word from the box. More than one answer may be
possible.
62
Ill be late .tpKV!k0toL but Ill be home before midnight.
Can you wait, please? Ill be ready.......................a minute.

61

4 Ive finished now. Ill be back......................afternoon.
5 Its cold today, but itll be warmer..........................
6...................................................................... Bye for now. Ill see you
7...................................................................... There wont be any lessons
4
Monday.
1 Well go to the cinema this evening. Do you want to come?

3
Bye for now! Im going to see you tomorrow.
Sorry I cant meet you. I will go to the doctors.
Have you heard the weather forecast? Its raining tomorrow.
Tina will definitely be here a t / o n 6.00.
Our new sports centre will be ready next year / the next year.
10 Hurry up! The bus will be here later / soon.

11 Ill see you after / later the lesson.
12 Are you doing anything at night / tonight?

1 There is only one way of talking about the future in English.
63
I had started
you had started
25
he had started
we had started
she had started
they had started
G RitAhad
M Mstarted
AR
Reported speech She said that she was leaving. and

past perfect I had started
What is reported speech?

Direct speech is the exact words that someone says. We can put he/she said before or after
these words. We use speech marks to show the words they said.
Tm leaving at six, she said.
He said, Ok, Ill see you here tomorrow!
Indirect or reported speech is when someone tells us what another person said. We can put
he/she said that before the reported words. We can leave out that. We do not use speech
marks.
She said (that) she was leaving at six. She said she was leaving at six.
Tense changes
When we use a past tense reporting verb (eg said) we change the tenses that follow.
Present simple to past simple

Tim wants some coffee! He said (that) Tim wanted some coffee.
Tim is late!
He said (that) Tim was late.
Present continuous to past continuous

Tm washing my hair! She said (that) she was washing her hair.
will to would
Til be late:
She said (that) she would be late.
Past simple to past perfect

Kate took my keys! He said (that) Kate had taken his keys.
Words that describe people, time and place may also change in reported speech.
Til see you here tomorrow, he said.
He said he would see her there the following day.
Past
perfect
Forming
the past perfect: had + past participle
Had = *d (Vd started, hed started etc.)
64
is started
are started
is eaten
are eaten
(regular)
(irregular)
26
GRAMMAR 25 REPORTED SPEECH AND PAST PERFECT
1 Change each sentence to direct speech.
1......................................................................... She said that she was

GRA
MMAR
............................................................................T.W'.iZP.yi.M..
t.....
will be started
will be eaten
leaving
at
six
she said.
Passive
1 a lot of money is spent
2 He said Peter often went fishing. ............................................................... he said.
(regular)
(irregular)
3 She said she would be back later. .............................................................. she said.
When we make an active sentence passive, the object becomes the subject. We do this when
we
sentence
because
it is Mark.
more important.
4 want to put information at the beginning of the
I said
that I had
just seen
I said.
A lot of money is spent in London by tourists. (A lot of money is important) Tourists
lot of
money
(Tourists is important).
5 spend
Alanasaid
that
they in
hadLondon.
left at 6.00.............................................................
Alan said.
We use the passive more in writing and in formal speech.
6 Helen said that she was working. .............................................................. Helen said.
Passive forms
7 I said
that we were late.
Present
simple
................................................. I said.
has been started
2 I
saw the film(regular)
on Monday, Tom said.
have been
started
has been eaten
have been eaten

(irregular)
Tom said......................................................
Active
Archaeologists often discover ancient coins.
Passive
Ancient
3 Ive missed the bus,
Maria coins
said. are often discovered by archaeologists.
will
4
Maria said...................................................
We live in Marsden Street, they said.
Active
They will finish the new road next year.
They said.....................................................
Passive
The new road will be finished next year.
5 Tilperfect
phone at 6.00, Anna said.
Present
Anna said....................................................
Your said
cat has
eaten my pet mouse!
6 Active
Tm having a good time,
Carol.
Passive
My pet mouse has been eaten by your cat!
Carol said....................................................
Past simple
7 Were arriving at 9.00, they said.
were started
(regular)
was started
was eaten
were eaten
Active
Passive
(irregular)
The whole class wrote the play.

The play was written by the whole class.
65
66
GRAMMAR 26 PASSIVE 1
1
Underline the correct words in each sentence.
Last year more than a million cars were stolen / are stolen.
Helen has decided / has been decided to visit China.
America visited / was visited by the Vikings.
The police have not found / have not been found the missing dog.
More interesting facts are discovered / are discover every year.
The basketball team is chosen / chooses by the captain.
The next meeting will hold / will be held on 14 December.
Complete each sentence in the passive.
The police arrested fifteen people.

Fifteen people...............Yy&tfS.fiXKSSJfi#!...by the police.
They have found little Jimmy safe and well.

Little Jimmy........................................................safe and well.
We plant hundreds of trees every year.

Hundreds of trees.........................................................every year.
We will sell most tickets on the day of the match.
Theyll deliver
letter tomorrow.
They have cancelled our train.
One of the students broke a window in the classroom.
People eat millions

chocolate every day!
the
of
bars
of
67
27
GRAMMAR
by + agent
This tells us who does the action.
Peter was kidnapped by aliens from another galaxy.
In this sentence; who did it = aliens.
with + agent
This tells us what was used to do the action.
The door was opened with a special key.
In this sentence; what was used = a special key.
Without an agent
An agent is not always necessary. The agent may be unknown, not important or obvious,
or we may want to be impersonal and not say who did the action.
Agent unknown
The window was broken last night.
We do not know who broke it.
Agent not important

The castle was built in the 18th century.
We are interested in the date, but not in the builder.
Agent obvious
The man was arrested and taken to prison.
It is obvious that he was arrested by the police.
He was arrested by a tally thin policeman with red hair.
In this case, the policeman who arrested him is interesting.
68
Impersonal sentence
The match has been cancelled.
GRAMMAR 27 PASSIVE 2: AGENT

1
Rewrite each sentence using with or by. Do not change the meaning.
1 A friend gave Tina a lift to school.

Tina was.givt'ifr a.Lift,I.by. a...................................................................................
2 Tom Smooth will play the part of Hamlet.
The part of Hamlet.....................................................................................................
3 They used a screwdriver to open the window.
The window...............................................................................................................
4 A team of archaeologists has found an ancient city.
An ancient city...........................................................................................................
5 A ball broke the classroom window.
The classroom window..............................................................................................
6 A Japanese millionaire bought the painting.
The painting...............................................................................................................
7 Howard Carter discovered the tomb of Tutankhamun in 1922.
The tomb....................................................................................................................
8 Millions of people enjoy Susans books.
Susans books..............................................................................................................
The police asked Jim to go to the
police station.
Someone has stolen my bike.
People delivered our new washing-machine yesterday.
Three masked men kidnapped the

bank manager.
A firm of builders will rebuild the

museum next year.
69
close
come
stop
open
sit
lend
take
turn off
29
28
GRAMMAR 28 IMPERATIVES
1 Write an instruction for each situation. Use a verb from the box.
GR
RA
AM
MM
MA
AR
R
G
Imperatives
Gerunds Jogging is good fun!
1 A young child is reading in bed late at night. His mother says to him:
T&KYy pff. tty? Light!.
We use imperatives to give orders, instructions and directions. They are also used to
The
gerund in
is informal
the nounEnglish.
form of thedoverb,
ending
in -ing. We
can use it as a subject or an
give
not shouts
use
theatimperative
2 Aadvice
mans dog
is running away.We
The man
the dog: to make polite requests.
object.
Orders
It is the first class of the day and the students have their books on their tables. The teacher
3Subject
We give an order when we tell someone to do something.
says:
Jogging is good fun!
Stand up!
Stop talking!
4 Cycling
The front
door of
the house is open. The father says to his son:
is good
exercise.
Stop!
Dont stop!
Speaking is forbidden during the examination.
Dont listen!
5 Listen!
Lots of students are standing
up in a class. The teacher says:
Cycling is not allowed on the pavement.
Go away!
Come back!
Object
6 You are going to the cinema with some friends. Your sister is bored.
Sit down!
Come here!
You say to her:
Do
jogging?
Go you
overlike
there!
7 You are talking to your friend in class. The teacher says:
Are you interested in cycling?

Instructions
Do you like
Instructions
tellcamping?
us how to do something.
8 Your friend asks where the disco is. You know its in the next street on the left. You
Isay:
love studying!
Press escape to cancel
Choose the most suitable word for each space.
Directions
9
Write the opposite.
Directions are instructions for finding places.
10 Stand up!
........................................................................................
Turn right at the bank.
11 Go away!...............................................................................................................
Go straight on.
12 Turn on the light!..................................................................................................
Informal advice
SEE ALSO Grammar 4:

In some
informal situations (e.g. with good friends) we can use the imperative to give
13 Start work!.............................................................................................................
Verb
read
Gerund
reading
run
cycle
running
cycling
14 Open the window!.................................................................................................
play
playing
15 Go to sleep!...........................................................................................................
cry
Verb
eat
crying
Gerund
eating
16 Pull the door!.........................................................................................................
swim
write
swimming 17 Get off the bus!.....................................................................................................

writing
18 Complete the sentences. Use one word in each space.
praying
19 Please...........................down! I want to start the lesson.
flying
20 I dont want to talk to you! Please................................away.
pray
fly
70
72
71
I am
you are
he is
she is
it is
we are
they are
Ym
youre
hes
shes
its
were
theyre
30
GRAMMAR 29 GERUNDS
GRAMMAR
Complete each sentence with a gerund (-ing). Use the verb in brackets.
Contractions I'm, you're, he's

1
Kate is good at (run)..........K&KrfMXVg..........
I have
you have
When we speak we often shorten words like am, are, have, has, had, would in verb forms
(take).................................a long walk is relaxing.
(auxiliary or helping verbs). When we write these short forms (contractions) we put an
apostrophe o to show that letters are missing. We also shorten not to rit.
3 What do you think of (collect)........................................stamps?
he has
she has
we have they have
Ive
youve
4 hes
(eat)...................................too
much isnt
shes
weve theyve
Contractions with be
healthy.
All my friends like (play)........................................basketball.
Vm leaving tomorrow.
6.........................................................................................
(shout)
Jacks going home in a moment
7
Negative
Is Harry interested in (sail).....................................?
We can say he/she/it isn't or hes/shes/its not; you/we/they arerit or you re/were/theyre not
8.......................................................................................... (cross)
Contractions with have
3 It takes time to learn
a language.
can and could
cannot
4 You are forbidden
cant to park here.
do
do not
does not
5 Its interesting to visit
other
countries.
dont
doesnt
Vve eaten your sandwiches.
Anna's
left
her
books
at
school.
will not
shall not
6 You are not
allowed
to
talk.
he's
and
shes
=
he
has,
she
has
or
he
is,
she is.
wont
shan't
will
would
at people is rude!
the road here is dangerous.
could not
couldnt
I would
would
he would etc.
would not
7 Its/ you
wrong
to / copy
With
the
modal
have
to
we
do
not
make
contractions.
other
people!
Id/youd/ hed etc.
wouldn't
I have to leave, (no contraction possible)
8 Its
relaxing to
Negative
listen to music.
We can say I/you/we/they haven't or Ive/youve/weve/theyve not; he/she/it hasrt or hes/shes/its
not.
3
Contractions with other auxiliaries
Complete each sentence using the gerund (-/ ng ) form of a verb in the box, and your
own ideas.
2 is a good way to relax.

drink listen read get up play collect travel run
3
is a good way to learn a language.
is bad idea, in my opinion!
Vd, etc. can also be a contraction for I had in the past perfect.
74
write watch
73
GRAMMAR 30 CONTRACTIONS
1
Write the full form of the words underlined.
1 Its very cold today.
............IfcXs...........
2 rn be back tomorrow.
..................................
3 Whats the time?
..................................
4 Pont worry. It wont rain.
..................................
5 I cant see the blackboard.
..................................
6 My bike! Its been stolen.
..................................
7 If I were you, rd leave.
..................................
8 lanes got two sisters.
..................................
Write each sentence with contractions.
1....................................... I will not be home early. I
W0iA/t:
be
.........................................................................early.
2 Who is coming to your party?.......................................................................
3 We are interested in football..........................................................................
4 I would not do that if I were you...................................................................
5 Paula could not lift the chair..........................................................................
6 They have sent me a letter.............................................................................
7 Helen has got a dog........................................................................................
8 It is very cold today........................................................................................
3
Correct the sentences. Add apostrophes if necessary.
1 Its time for the news.......................................................................................

2 Ive decided to buy some boots......................................................................
3 Whose books are these? Are they yours?......................................................
4 Sues borrowed my paints...............................................................................
CHECKPOINT 5
Units 25-30
1
Change each sentence to reported speech.
1 Til be late, said Jim.

Jim said.....................................................................................................................
2 Kate knows the answer, said Bill.
Bill said....................................................................................................................
3 Mary is leaving at 8.00 said Alan.
Alan said...................................................................................................................
4 I cant find the keys, said Dave.
Dave said..................................................................................................................
5 The bus is going to be late! said Mark.
Mark said..................................................................................................................
6 Ive lost my books said Mr Green.
Mr Green said...........................................................................................................
7 Tm ready! said Tina.
Tina said...................................................................................................................
2
1 The window has been broken / was been broken.

2 The match will played / will be played on Monday, not Sunday.
3 Toms new book is published / publishes by Smith and Co.
4 The book was filmed / was film in 2007.
76
clause 1
clause 2
If + present simple,
present simple
31
4
CHECKPOINTS UNITS 25-30

Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown. Do not change the meaning.
GRAMMAR
1 We waste a lot of water.
A lot of
water is wasted.
Zero conditional If I have a cold, I stay at home. and
2 They have introduced a new law.
conditional 1 If we miss the bus, we'll be late.
A new law................................................................................................................
3 They
open the new sports centre next week.
Zerowill
conditional
Some if sentences describe what always or usually happens, or give instructions.
The............
..............................................................................................................
Things that
usually or always happen
In this type of sentence we use the present simple in both clauses.
4 A falling tree injured three people.
Three people............................................................................................................
If I have a cold, I (usually/always) stay at home.
5 Someone has stolen my wallet!
Instructions in situations
In this type of sentence we use the present simple after and an imperative in the other clause.
My wallet.................................................................................................................
6 Someone will meet you at the airport.
You...........................................................................................................................
If you feel tired, have a rest.
7 A
French person 1:
teaches
sister.
Conditional
real my
situations
Conditional sentences describe possible situations and their results. In real situations we are
My sister..................................................................................................................
certain that something will happen if someone does something.
5
Complete the sentences. Use one word in each space.
We use the present simple after if..., and will in the other clause.
1 Please come into the room and........................down.

If we miss the
welllanguage
be late. Ifis we
don'tway
catch
2 ..................books
in abus,
foreign
a good
tothe
learn.
If we catch the bus, we won't be late. If we don't miss
bus,
we'll be late.
thebus, we won't be late.
3 Stop
bothering
and........................away!
This
type ofme
if-sentence
is often a warning.
If you ride your bike like that, you'll fall off!
4 ..................right at the church, then go straight on.
Reversing the clauses
clause 1
We can reverse
the clauses
if sentencesroom.
and conditional sentences. Note the use of
5 ..................is
not allowed
in theinexamination
commas.
clause
2
6 ..................letters
takes a long time, so I usually phone people.
If you miss the bus, your teacher will be angry.
(comma used)
imperative
Your teacher will be angry if you miss the bus.
(no comma)

4 SEE ALSO

1 A passive sentence has the same meaning as an active sentence.
clause 1
78
clause 2
will
77
clause 1
clause 2
If + past simple,
would + verb
GRAMMAR 31 ZERO CONDITIONAL AND CONDITIONAL 1
Underline
G1R A
M M A R the correct word(s) in each sentence.
1 If you press / will press that button, a bell rings.
Conditional 2 If I knew the answer, I would tell them

2 If you wear your coat tomorrow, you arent / wont be cold.
3 If I feel / will feel tired, I go to bed early.
Imaginary conditions
4 If you will come / come back next week, David will be here.
Conditional sentences describe possible situations and their results. In imaginary
situations
imagine
a different
situation
and
a different result.
5 If it we
rains
/ will rain
tomorrow,
well now,
stay at
home.
In this
type
wewhen
use the
past
simple
andvery
would/
wouldn't in the other
6 If
I gooftosentence,
university
I am
older,
17/ after
workif...,
/ work
hard.
2
Complete each sentence. Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
answer;
I would tell you.
1If IIfknew
Jackthe
(not
leave)........leave.......................now,
he (miss).................WkU,. ..................
In the real situation, I do not know the answer.
The past
hissimple
bus. here does not describe past time. It imagines a different present time.
If I had a helicopter, Vdfly to school
2..........................................................................
If Helen (work)............................................hard,
If I(pass)............................................................
landed my helicopter at school, my teacher wouldn't like it!
she
If I were...
If I was...
her or
exams.
If I were... is used in written/formal English.

3 If it (rain).......................................... we (go)...........................................into a shop.
If I were a rock star, Vd live in New York.
4 If Mary (not practise).............................................her French,
If I were the head teacher; Id give the class a holiday!
If I wasshe
... (not
is possible
in informal speech.
improve)..............................................
If I was a rock star, Vd live in New York.
5 If it (rain)..........................................tomorrow, we (not go)..............................................
If I was rich, Id buy you a drink!
We canswimming.
use If I were you... to give advice.
A: Ive got a terrible headache!
6..........................................................................
If George (come)
late, the teacher
B: If I were you, Vd take an aspirin.

(be)..........................................angry.
7 If I (see)............................................Joe tomorrow, I (tell)...........................................
him your news.
3
Read the situation, then complete each sentence.
1 A friend wants you to play basketball in the classroom. You are worried about
breaking the window. You say:
If w e . . y . . - K V .
t h . W k k v M a v y . - . . . .
79
1 If I (have)............WA....... ......the
time,
......M.Q&l.&...
more often.
(go)....to the cinema
2 If I (find).......................... .....some money, I (take)...................................it to the police.

GRAMMAR 32 CONDITIONAL 2
3 If I (have)........................ ......a dog, I (take)................................ .. it for a walk every day.
1
Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the past simple form or
5 If everyone (speak)......... .......................Spanish, nobody (learn)....................................

would.
English!
6 If I (see)........................... .... a snake, I (run ).................................. away.
Complete each sentence with a verb from the box.
met robbed had slept were won would a3k would be would buywould catch would
fly would visit
1............................................................................................................ If I
..............................................................................................................a
famous
person, I wpttlgj.flsfo.... them some questions.

2 If I...............................a helicopter, I....................................to school.
3 If I...............................a bank, the police...................................me.
4 If I...............................a lot of money, I.....................................presents for my family.
5 If I...............................in the classroom, my teacher.....................................very angry!
26 Your
friend can t decide whether
to I...................................other
go to the cinema, or stay at home.
If I...............................an
astronaut,
planets.
If.......................................................................................................cinema, (go)
3 Your friend wants to buy a new bike, but hasnt got any money.
If............................................................................................your parents, (ask)
4 Your friend is having problems studying.
If.................................................................................................teacher, (talk to)
81
33
GRAMMAR
Conditionals 1 and 2
If you fall, you'll hurt yourself.

If you fell, you'd hurt yourself.
Situation 1
Conditional 1
You are on the roof of a block of flats. You are
very near the edge. This is dangerous!
I say:
Conditional 1
Conditional 2
We are walking past a block of flats, looking
up at the roof. There is no danger. I imagine a
dangerous situation and say:
Conditional 2
Situation 2
Conditional 1
It is a cold day in winter. We are going to leave
the house. I have got a coat for you. I say:
Conditional 1
Conditional 2
It is a cold day in winter. We are outside. I
am wearing a coat. I am warm. You are not
wearing a coat. You are cold. I say:
If you wore a coat, you wouldn't be cold!
82
Conditional 2
GRAMMAR 33 CONDITIONALS 1 AND 2
Tick (/) the best sentence for each picture.
If we miss the bus well be late for

school. / .
If we missed the bus, we would be

late for school.
a) If I have a helicopter, Ill fly to work.

b) If I had a helicopter, Id fly to work.
a) If we live at the North Pole, well

feel cool.
4
5
If you drop that, itll break!

If you dropped that, it would
break.
c)
If he eats all that ice cream, hell be

sick.
If he ate all that ice cream, hed be
d)
a) If Im taller, Ill be in the team,

b) If I were taller, Id be in the team.
b) If we lived at the North Pole, wed
83

6
Complete each sentence. Use either conditional 1 or conditional 2.
Sue doesnt ride a bike to school, because she doesnt have one.
If Sue MA.btet.sk.MQAld.ti.ka&cMQL..........................................
Chris will pass his exams, but he has to work hard.

If Chris
...........................................
John isnt fat, because he doesnt eat a lot.

If John...............................................................................................................
Ellen doesnt have a car, so she walks to work.

If Ellen..............................................................................................................
Alis English will improve, but he has to practise.

If All...............................................................................................................
...........................................
Pat wont be late but she has to hurry.

If Pat....................................................... .........................................................
7
1
Rita doesnt like swimming so she doesnt go to the beach.

If I were you, I .&. on holiday and relax.
A will go
84
B owned
c own
B will
c did
If you......the door, the cat wont escape.

A close
c you will get
If he werent tired, he........go to the party.

A would
B you would get
If I.......a car, I wouldnt walk to work.

A did own
c go
If you dont have any money, a job!

A get
B would go
B closed
c will close
If we....by plane, wed get there much quicker.
Have we won?
Did I pass the test?
Are you waiting?
34
GRAMMAR 33 CONDITIONALS 1 AND 2

Yes, we have. Yes,
you did.
Complete
these conditional sentences. Use will or would and the present simple or past
Yes,
you
did
No, you didnt.
simple.
Yes, I am.
No, fm not.
We re going to the beach after

G R1..........................................................................................................
AMMAR
school. If you (want).........................................................................MlWife......to come with
us, I.......wLll.flsfe.......my mum if it is OK.
Yes/no questions Did I pass the test?
2............................................................................... I always ride my bicycle to work. If I (walk) it

(take)
Yes/No questions
.............................a
lot longer!
Yes/no
questions are questions
with Yes or No as the answer.
Yes
Present simple
Do you like swimming?
.
continuous
3 Present
Its amazing!
Everyone in the class
passed
the exam!
No
Are you
reading
this? If I (be)........................................the
Present perfect Past
Have you ever been to Italy?
simple
teacher,Past
I (be).................................really pleased.
Did you post my letter?
continuous will
Were you working?

4............................................................................
It is a very easy machine to use. If you (place)
going to be
.............................................................................................................................the
fruit in the top,
Will it rain tomorrow?
(present) be
(past)
Are you going
to pay me?
Areto drink.
the juice (appear)..................................at
the bottom
ready
you American?
Short
answers
5 Weve
been waiting for almost an hour now. If they (not come).........................................
We usually add a short answer after Yes or No. The short answer is made of a pronoun + the
soon, we
(not
see).................................the
start of the concert.
auxiliary
used
in the
question.
6................................................................................... Look at the sky! If it (start)
raining, the
race (finish)
.............................early.
7.............................................................................. Let s walk to the railway station. If we (wait)
............................................................................................................................here any longer for
the bus, we (miss).................................................................our train.
8 If I (have)................................enough money I (buy)....................................a new bike,
but Ive only got 10.
9 Jack doesnt go to the gym and exercise. If he (go).......................................to the gym, Im
sure he (feel).....healthier and more energetic. But he refuses to go!
9
Choose the best sentence for each situation.
1 A friend is riding his bike dangerously. You say:

@If you ride too fast, youll fall off.
85
Does Jim like swimming?
Yes, he does.
No, he doesnt.
Is Maria reading this?
Yes, she is.
No, she isnt.
Was it working?
Yes, it was.
No, it wasnt.
Have we won?
Yes, we have.
No, we haven t.
Have they finished?
Yes, they have.
No, they haven't.
1
2
3
4
5
Was Ann driving?-----------Did you see Tom yesterday? \

Do you know the answer? \
Have you seen this film? \
Are you reading this?
a) Yes, I do.
b) No, he isnt.
c ) No, I havent.
. d)
Yes,GRAMMAR
I was.
34 YES/NO QUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS
^-e)
No, she wasnt.
6 Were you sitting here? 1 Choose the f)correct

No, she
hasnt. (a-h) for the questions (1-8).
response
7 Is George leaving?
g) Yes, I did.
8 Has Helen finished yet?
h) No, Im not.
you / read a lot
(present simple)
Tom / writing a letter
(present continuous)
Tina / leave yesterday
(past simple)
we / meet before
Sam / watch TV
(present perfect)
Use the prompts and the verb forms in brackets to write questions.
1 they / work hard
.VYCKP. .t.klfcy.
1 Have you seen my wallet? 2 Jim / eat yet
No,
2 Is David studying French?
Yes,
3 Did it rain yesterday?
No,
4 Do you like Indian food?
Yes,
5 Have you ever been to Prague?
Yes,
6 Are you having a good time?
No,
7 Does Mary work here?
No,
8 Was Tom bothering you?
No,
86
(past continuous)
(past continuous)
. to..rc?..........................................................................
Write a short answer for each

question.
(present perfect)
35
GRAMMAR 35 WH- QUESTIONS; SUBJECT AND OBJECT QUESTIONS
1 Use the prompts and the verb forms in brackets to write questions.
Why / you cry?
(present continuous)
GRAMM AR
How / you get here
questions
Wh-
(past simple)
Who
is
that?
What eats fish?
Wh- questions
We use:
who with people
what with things
when with time
where
with
places
Present simple
Present continuous
simple Past
continuous Future
Who is that? Its Jack.

What are you looking for? A pen.
When are you leaving? At 6.00.
Where do you live? In that house.
When do you usually get up?
What are you doing?
Why have you stopped?
How did you feel?
Where were you going?
Who are you going to meet?
When will you come home?
Complete each
question.
Short answers
At 7.30.
4
What.................yp. it: tirzd..............................................V Running makes me tired.
When do you usually get up?
Writing a letter.
What are you doing?
5 Who..........................................................................V I talked to the manager.
To give you a
Why have you come?
present. Terrible.
What..............................................................................V
I read a newspaper.
How 6did you
feel?
What / Jack usually do / on Saturdays
(present simple)
7 Who.........................................................................V
Kate brought the ice-cream.
Subject
and object questions
How long / you live here
(present perfect)
We use What and Who to ask questions
about the subject or the object. Questions about the
8
What...........................................................................V
Joe decided to take the job
subject do not use the auxiliary do (does, did).
(past object
continuous)
subject
verb
9 Cats
Who.............................................................V
I answer most of the questions
eat
fish
Where / David / go
What / you do
Cats eat fish.

Subject question:
What continuous)
eats fish?
(present
Change the answers in brackets into short answers.
Cats eat fish.
Object question:
What do cats
15 What are you eating? (Im
eat? eating a sandwich.)
(past continuous)
When / you usually / get up
16 Who
Subject
question
answers
helps
you? short
(My teacher
helps me.)
What makes people happy? (presentLove
makes people happy!
simple)
Who / you talk to
14
What / Jack / do
What / Mark and
88 Sue / buy
17 What
do you watch?
(I watch cartoons.)
Object
question
short answers
(present perfect)
What do you wear in winter?
I
wear an overcoat.
18 What
Whoare
doyou
youreading?
write to? (I write to my penfriend.)
Im reading (Oliver Twist\
(past simple)
....A.SQ&dw.ibh:....
..................................
Love
does.
..................................
An overcoat
..................................
Oliver
Twist.
89
87
36
GRAMM AR
We can put tag questions at the end of statements and make the statements into
questions.
The tag is made of the auxiliary + pronoun in question form. When there is no
auxiliary, use do/does/did.
Positive questions have a positive verb + negative tag.
You like chips, don't you?
Negative questions have a negative verb + positive tag.
You don't like chips, do you?
Present simple
Present continuous
simple Past
You like chips, don't you?

You don't like chips, do you?
Were arriving soon, aren't we?
We aren't leaving, are we?
Shes finished, hasn't she?
She hasnt arrived yet, has she?
You bought some milk, didn't you?
continuous will
You didn't buy any bread, did you?

Tina was running quickly; wasn't she?
going to be
have got
Tina wasn't wearing running shoes, was she?

You won't be late, will you?
You'll be careful, won't you?
You're going to have a party; aren't you?
We aren't going to be late, are we?
Intonation and meaning
Real questions (Im not sure of the answer)

You like swimming, dont you*
You don't like swimming, do you?
Checking (I think I know the answer)
You like swimming, don't you?
You don't like swimming, do you?
90
GRAMMAR 36 TAG QUESTIONS

1 Underline the correct tag in each sentence.
Jim got lost, did he / didnt he?
You dont know the answer, do you / dont you7.
The children were making a lot of noise, wasnt it / weren't they?
Harry doesnt feel well, isnt it / does he?
George didnt complain, did he / didnt he?
Something has gone wrong, /as / /SttY if?
You arent sitting here, isnt it / are yw?
You will read this, will you / wont you?
Kate finished the book,
e) will she?
Sue hasnt got a bike,
f) did she?
Tina isnt a French teacher,
g) does she?
Paula didnt say a lot,
h) hasnt she?
Mary was sitting next to you,
i) has she?
Pam doesnt like classical music, j)
Write a tag for each sentence.
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Harry has been helping you,

You dont eat meat,
Paul was sleeping,
I missed a good film,
Jane is leaving in the morning,
We are going to win,
Jack hasnt done his homework,
You werent having dinner,
isnt she?
......M.......................?
...................................?
...................................?
...................................?
...................................?
...................................?
...................................?
...................................?
91
CHECKPOINT 6
Units 31-36
1
Complete these conditional sentences. Use will or would and the present simple or past
simple.
1 Look at the sky! Its going to rain. If I (get)........................................wet, Im sure I

(catch)..........YXiL<,fl3 < a cold.
2 Im not your teacher so I dont know the answer. If I (be)....................................your
teacher, I (tell)...............................................you to look in your dictionary!
3................................................... I often imagine being on a desert island. If I (live)
on a desert
island, I (spend)............................................all day fishing and sunbathing!

4 Yes, I often see Helen. If I (see)......................................her tomorrow, I (tell).......................
................her to call you.
5 Come on, hurry up. If we (hurry)..............................................................................................
we (get)........................................................................................
to the cinema before the beginning of the film.
6...................................................................................................................................... Sorry, but I
havent got a pencil sharpener. If I (have)....................................................................one, I
(lend).....................................it to you, but I havent got one!
7 Lets go now. If we (not get).......................................there before 7.00, there (not be)
..................................any tickets left for the rock concert.
8 I dont believe in aliens. Anyway, if aliens (land)........................................on Earth, I
think they (soon decide)........................................to return to their planet!
2
1 I advise you to go to the doctor s.
If J
! w.d
2 Im sure your name isnt Jim.

92
to the doctor's.
/ can swim.
He can swim.
We can swim.
You can swim.
She can swim.
They can swim.
It can swim.
3
Complete the questions.
G R A M1M A
R
Who.....................do....................you.......................s
k t p . .........in class?
I sit next to Jim.

2 .................................................................................................................to India?
We use can when we talk about ability and possibility.
No, I havent. Ive never been to India.

Can you ride a bike?
No. (I dont know how to
do it.)
3 What.......................................................................................................................?
Sorry,
but I can't come to your party on Friday.
(Its not possible.)
Tomorrow? Im going to have a rest, I think!
I can't lift this table.
(Its impossible.)
4 What.........................................................................................................................
Can is a?modal auxiliary verb. We use a modal auxiliary with a verb infinitive (without
to).
Being with my friends makes me happy.
A modal
auxiliary
does.......................................
not change its form. . .................................................................
5 Why
...............
?
Im not looking at you, actually!
6
...........................................................................................................swimming?
Negatives
Yes, I do. I like swimming very much.
Who..............................................................................................................there?
?
?
In that house? Mark lives there, I think.
Cannot is the full negative form, used in formal writing and speech.
4
I cant swim.
You cant swim.
Write a tag for each sentence.
I cannot swim.
like ice-cream,.........dp.l......................?
He1cantYou
swim.
We cant swim.
Questions
5 Correct each sentence or question.
She cant swim.

They cant swim.
1 What
It cant
swim.yeti-ar-e doing this evening?
2
Who does live here?
........
.......................
Short3answers
If I am rich, I am buying a big car! ........................................
Can you see it? Yes, I can. / No, I cant.
4 You havent got a pen, got you?
Tag questions
You can see it, can't you?
.......................
You can't see it, can you?
Are
true or
false?
For the
the sentences
past, use could.
For
the future, use be able to.
1 Conditional 2 sentences are about the past.
Can I swim?
Can he swim?
Can we swim?
Can you swim?
Can she swim?
Can they swim?
Can it swim?
93
I must leave.
He must leave.
GRAMMAR 37 MODALS: ABILITY AND POSSIBILITY

We must leave.
You must leave.
She must leave.
They must leave.
It must leave.
1
Read the form and write sentences about Petbot, the robot dog.
GRAMMAR
or
PetBot, the robot

Dog
Modals:
obligation
must, have to, should
walk?
run?
must
dance?
I have to leave.
smile?
speak English?
Do I have to leave?
You have to leave.
We We
usually
must when
we talk
necessary or important actions.
mustuse
remember
to take
our about
passports.
Do you have to leave?

Does
We he
canhave
alsotouse
have to in these situations.
leave?
He has to leave.
She has to leave.
1
Does
she have to leave?
2
have
to
It has to leave.
Does it have to leave?

3 .............................................................................................................................
Do we have to leave?
We use have to when we talk about a rule made for us by somebody else.
Do
they have to leave?
4 .............................................................................................................................
We have to leave.
They have to leave.
We have to wear a uniform at my school (a rule)

5 .............................................................................................................................
When the lights are red, you have to stop, (a rule)
6 Have
to changes to has to for he, she, it.
......................................................................................
Paul has to do his homework now.
2
We dont usually use must to make questions.

I must leave at 6.00. Do I have to leave at 6.00?
1 Im not able to come to your party.
Rewrite each sentence so it has the same meaning. Use can or can't.
. I. .Qy&c.Q.
*......................................................................
2 Is it possible for you to play basketball tonight?

3 Do you know how to use a computer?
4 It isnt possible for you to borrow my bike.

should
Should gives the speakers opinion of what is a good thing to do. You
should check your work at the end of the lesson.
5 Its impossible for us to answer this question.
You should eat fruit every day.
6 Its not possible for me to help you.
96
95
I dont have to
You dont have to
GRAMMAR 38 MODALS: OBLIGATION

He doesnt have to
We dont have to
GRAMMAR
doesn't
have
to
dont have to
1 She
Rewrite
each
imperative
withThey
must.
It1 doesn't
Do it have
again!to
it fl&auy.i................................................................
Modals: negative obligation
2 Work faster!..............................................................................................................
mustn't,
don't have to, shouldn't
3 Turn to page 50!.......................................................................................................
mustn't
4 Hurry up!..................................................................................................................
mustnt = must not. We use mustnt when something is not allowed.

5 Stop talking!.............................................................................................................
You mustn't shout!
6 Listen to me!.............................................................................................................
Students must not eat or drink in the classroom.
I mustnt
do that.
He mustrit do that.
We mustnt do that.
7 Give
me your
homework!........................................................................................
You mustnt do that.
She mustn't do that.
They mustn't do that
8 Sit down!...................................................................................................................
It mustn't do that.
2
Change the statements into questions and the questions into statements.
Must not is more formal and is used in written English.

Life at school
don't have to
weartoa when
uniform......................................................................................
1WeWe
usehave
donttohave
something is not necessary.
2 Do you have to do homework?................................................................................
3 I must sit in the same place......................................................................................
4 He has to arrive before 8.00.....................................................................................
shouldn't
shouldnt
5should
Doesnot
she=have
to eat lunch at school?.....................................................................
We use shouldn't when we think it is a bad idea to do something.

6 I have to change classrooms....................................................................................
You shouldn't watch television all day. (In my opinion this is a bad idea.) Kate
7 They
musteat
do so
gym....................................................................................................
shouldn't
much chocolate.
8The
Dofirst
youYhave
to learn
in mustn't
is German?................................................................................
silent.
3
Complete each sentence using should.
1 If I were you, Id go to the doctors.

I think.y
.QQ.X.XhA.da<>XQr.:$....................................................
2 Its a good idea to wear a warm coat.
97
GRAMMAR 39 MODALS: NEGATIVE OBLIGATION
Do not open the

window
eat lots of sweets
keep fit
fe
10
eat healthy food
!3
drink lots of fizzy drinks
HZ
go to the gym
watch TV all night
Look at the notices and say what is not allowed.
...........................................................YflkLK&W&tK'/fc.t&l'te,
..........................................................
Use the prompts to write sentences with should and
4.........
shouldn't.
I X .............................O. shawdd wffc ttt.lats. jf sweets,
40
GRAMMAR 40 MODALS: PAST
Complete each sentence (1-6) with an ending (a-f).
I didnt light a fire because
...............
GRAMM AR
I didnt do my homework because
..................
could, couldn't,
had to, didn't have to
I didnt use the computer because
Past ability
4
I didnt do the shopping because
..................
..................
We use could/couldnt to describe ability or possibility in the past.

5 I didnt go to the doctor s because
..................
6 I didnt go to the party because
could
..................
a) I couldnt make an appointment.

b) I couldnt understand the instructions.
I could hear.
You could hear.
I had to go.
couldn't
I couldnt
find the
matches.
He c)
could
hear.
We could
hear.
could
not = couldnt
She could hear.
They could hear.
I couldnt hear.
He couldnt hear. We couldnt hear.
It could hear.
You couldnt
She couldnt hear. They couldnt hear.
He hadhear.
to go.
We had to
It go.
couldnt hear.
You had to go.
She had to go.
They had to go.
It had to go.
Past obligation
3
Rewrite each sentence using could/couldn't or had to/didn't have to. Do not change
the meaning.
had to
1 It was impossible for Sarah to get home before 7.00.
Must Sarah
does not have a past formc-oulcWt
- we use }t
had htt/t
to.
before
I had to do a lot of homework yesterday.
2
It was necessary for Paul to leave at 6.00 to catch his plane.

Paul..........................................................................................................................
It was impossible for us to believe our luck!
didnt have to
We..........",..............................................................................................................
We
use
didnt
have in
to brackets
to describetowhat
was
not important
or not
necessary
in the past. Tom didn't have
2 Use the verbs
make
negative
sentences
with
have to.
4 I It didn't
wasnt have
necessary
for Mike
to wait
thetoday.
bus. We didn't have to go.
to have
golong
to .....an
school
to go.
He didnt
toforgo.
1 Kate (take)......ftoSKV.t
exam tomorrow.
1 clean the house..................
2 cook the dinner.................
3 do lots of homework.........
You didnt have to go. She didnt have to go.

They didnt have to
Mike........................................................................................................................
2.......................................................................... Jim (get up)go.
early.
I dldiA/t have to leniA, the
hou.se.
It didnt
have to go.
3.................................................................... I (make)
a phone call.
4 go shopping.......................
5 go to school.......................
100
6 find information on the Internet............................................................................
99
101
GRAMMAR
Modals: possibility or uncertainty, might, may, could,
Possibility or uncertainty - future time

Our team might win the basketball match.
(Its
possible.)
I may / might see you next week.
(Im
not really sure.)
I may / might not have time to finish tonight.
Possibility or uncertainty - present time

The cat could be in the kitchen. Or it could be in the garden. I dont know.
Wheres John? I dont know. He may / might be at the cinema.
Impossibility or certainty - present time

It can't be Tuesday today! It was Tuesday yesterday!
We cant say:
It can be Tuesday! X It
mustnt be Tuesday. X
102
GRAMMAR 41 MODALS: POSSIBILITY OR UNCERTAINTY, IMPOSSIBILITY OR CERTAINTY
Rewrite each sentence using might, can't or must. Do not change the meaning.
1 Perhaps it will rain. Jt.KftfcQbi.JT&yfr.................................................................................

2 Im sure this is right................................................................................................................
3 Perhaps Ill see you tomorrow................................................................................................
4 Fm sure that isnt the answer...................................................................................................
5 Im sure this is the place.........................................................................................................
6 Perhaps I won t come to your party........................................................................................
f)
STAFF
1 She might be in Room 4.

d
2 I think he must be a tourist.
..........
3 This cant be the right house!
..........
103
42
G R A M M A R main points
Modals:
Modals do not have third person -s endings.

I can swim. Helen can swim.
Modals have more than one meaning. This depends on the context.
You must pay before 21st January.
(Obligation)
I think Carol must be very happy.
(Certainty)
Can you use a computer?
(Ability)
Can you open the window?
(Informal request)
Nick can't dance. Hes never learned.
(Inability - not
It can't be Tuesday!
(Impossibility)
Some modals have the same meanings in the same context.

I have to go. = I must go.
The negative forms have different meanings.
I don't have to go.
(Its not necessary.)
I mustn't go.
(Its not allowed.)
Susan should study for her exam, but she can't concentrate.
- SEE ALSO
104
able to do it)
GRAMMAR 42 MODALS: MAIN POINTS

1
We mustn't / dont have to go to school on Tuesday. Its a holiday.
In most countries, you have to / should have an identity card.
Sorry Im late. I must / had to go to the doctor s.
You dont have to / shouldn't eat so much chocolate. Its bad for you!
Im sorry, but Ira not able to / dont have to meet you tomorrow.
You mustn't / dont have to leave the room without permission.
71
Where
didnecessary
you havefor
to /me
must
yesterday?
It wasnt
to you
go togoschool
yesterday.
have
t to 00 to school QtsXtYdRQ
Im sure this isnt right.
cant
Tina knew how to play the piano at an early age.
could
Perhaps Ill see you tomorrow.
may
Harry managed to repair the radio.
able
It was necessary for Bill to return his library book.
had
Complete the sentences. Write one word in each space.
Jack.....Ms.........to be home before 10.00.
10 Emma....................swim very well for a child of her age.

11 Students.......................................not leave coats in this room.
12 We.....................to get up before .00 tomorrow.
13 I think we....................go home now.
14 Jenny.....................to leave early in the morning.
105
CHECKPOINT 7
Units 37-42
1
1 Sorry Im late. I had to 20 / may go to the library.

2 My brother could walk / might walk before he started talking.
3 Youve worked very hard. You could be / must be tired.
4 George didn't have to wait / hadnt to wait long for the bus.
5 Dont wait for me. I could be / had to be late.
6 Helen mustn't do / couldnt do her homework, because she was ill.
7 This bus had to go / might go to the centre. Shall I ask the driver?
83 Sam
dropped
three glasses,give
but me
couldnt
/ didnt have to catch any of them!
Will you
be....................to
somecatch
help tomorrow?
4 Do you.....................to go now?
5.................................................................................. Peter ride a bike when he was seven.
6................................................................................. Mary be in her bedroom. The light is on.
7 Students...................not leave their bicycles near this door. It is forbidden.
8 We......................to try very hard, but we succeeded in the end.
3
31 Its
for you
to be here before 8.00.
fm not
surenecessary
that bag isnt
yours.
You...................... ...................................................................................................
4 Im sure that Sam knows the answer.
Sam......................................................................................................the answer.
5 Im sorry Im late. It was necessary for me to go to the doctor s.
Im sorry Im late. I................................................................................................
43

4
Rewrite each sentence using the words in bold. Do not change the meaning.
Its very important for you to be here at 6.00.
GRAMM AR
must
u. yvtst be here t &foo.'
Its impossible for me to see you tomorrow.
can't
Spelling rules for regular noun plurals
3 Its
necessary
to press
the button twice.
Most
words
add s for
the plural.
to
- houses -
cat ---------------------------------------------------4 Its not a good idea to eat lots of sweets.

Words ending in ch
match -------------Words ending in X
5 Its not possible for Jean to come to the party.
box ----------------Words ending in 0
potato ------------6 Its not necessary for you to pay now.
dishes -
shouldn't
watches -
faxes -
tomatoes
family
----------------------------7 ----------------------------Parking here is forbidden.
Words ending in vowel and y
knife
knives
8 leaf
Its necessary for you to workleaves
harder.
cats
house
glasses
dish
watch
boxes
potatoes
fax
tomato
dont
mustnt
life
thief
- lives
should
-
thieves
Irregular
noun plurals
Complete each sentence with a modal. Can't, couldn't etc. are one word.
5 The exam was long, and I......................finish all the questions.

Some nouns have irregular plurals.
6
matches
able
Brian didnt....................to do any homework, so he went to the cinema.

man ------------------------- men
---------------------
women
7 woman
This...................be
the house.
Its the wrong number. Lets try down there.
8
child ------------------------ children

Ann is very fit and ....................run much faster than her friends.
tooth ------------------------ teeth
mouse ---------------------- mice
and y
families
foot ------------------------- feet

No change n plural

Some words
have
themeaning
same singular
and
plural.
1 Mustn't
has the
same
as dont
have
to.
sheep ----------------------- sheep
fish ------------------------- fish
108
107
GRAMMAR 43 PLURAL NOUNS
............................
............................
2 Write the plural of each word in brackets.
1 Can you go to the shops? We need some (potato)................prtes......

2 Most (family)...........................enjoy going on holiday together.
3 Jack decided to make some (bookshelf)...............................for his bedroom.
4.......................................... Do you think you could help me wash the (dish) ?
5........................................................................ Sue bought three (box)
of chocolates.
6 In the afternoon we went to the zoo and fed the (monkey)........................................

3
Complete the words.
1 In the autumn, the te.yS.................on the trees change colour, and then fall off.
109
44
GRAMMAR
a, an, some, any

Countable nouns
We can count countable nouns. They have plural 5. a
bottle
two bottles three bottles
Singular nouns with a/an

We use an before words beginning with a vowel.
Ive got an umbrella.
Do you want an orange?
Some words are irregular because the sound is different. an

hour (the h is silent)
a university
Plural nouns with somey any, not any

We use some for statements.
There are some chairs in the other room.
We use any for questions.
Are there any chairs in the other room?
We use not... any for negatives.
There aren't any chairs in the other room.
Uncountable (mass) nouns

We cannot count uncountable nouns. They do not have plural s. some
coffee some milk some rice
110
Uncountable/mass nouns with some, any, not any
GRAMMAR 44 COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS 1
1 Choose a or some.
1 ....0.... tree
2 .........coffee
sandwiches
bird...6
3 .........water
money
1 Jack hasnt got aj any brother.

2 There werent some / any letters for me this morning.
3 Could I have a / some water, please?
4 I went to the supermarket because I didnt have a / any milk.
5 There isnt a / any railway station in this town.
6 Sorry, we dont have some / any boxes left.
7 Have you got a / any pen that I can borrow?
3
Complete the sentences with some or any.
1 There arent.......3.KVy....good restaurants in this town.

Ill
45
GRAMM AR
Countable and uncountable nouns 2
Change of meaning
Some nouns have a countable meaning
Countable
and an uncountable meaning.

Uncountable
a fish
some fish
a coffee
some coffee
a paper
a wood
some wood
an iron
some iron
some glass
Nouns which are always singular

These nouns behave like uncountable nouns in English. They do not have an s plural, and
always
have a singular verb. In
other
languages
they may be countable.
advice
Can
I have
some advice?
spaghetti
Yd like some spaghetti,
bread
Could you buy some bread?
English (language)
Your English is good!
hair
Your hair is beautiful!
furniture
This furniture is very modern,
information
Could you give me some information?
weather
The weather is awful!
money
The money is on the table,
luggage
My luggage is in the taxi.
Other nouns with irregular use

112
people
There are some people in the garden.
GRAMMAR 45 COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS 2

1 Complete the sentences with a/an or some.
1 We need
wood for the fire.
2 Shall we have.................fish? This restaurant is famous for it.

3 Could you bring me......................glass, please?
4............................................ If you need
paper, there is a box on the
shelf.
5 Would you like......................rice withyour chicken?
6 My shirt is dry now. Have you got.........................................iron?
7..............................................................................................
Jack
bought
..........................................................glass to repair the broken windows.

8 Can you buy me....................paper? Theres an article I want to read.
2
Choose the most suitable word or phrase for each space.
1 Ill post your letters. Have you got .&. ?

A a stamp
B any stamps
c any stamp
2 The streets were empty. There werent..........there.

A peoples
B some people
c any people
3 Have you got.......? I can help you.

A a luggage
B some luggages
c any luggage
4 Do you like.........? No, I dont.

A hot milk
B a hot milk
c some hot milk
5 Weve just moved into our house, and we havent got...............

A a furniture
B any furniture
c some furniture
113
GRAMM AR
much, many
many
With countable nouns we use many in questions and negatives.
Are there many students in your class?
There arent many seats.
We use many in formal statements.
Mr Harrison visited Argentina many years ago.
In informal statements, we use lots of.
There are lots of seats.
much
With uncountable nouns, we use much in questions and negatives.
There isnt much time.
Is there much time?
In informal statements, we use lots of.
There is lots of time.
How much... ?
Use with uncountables.
How much homework have you got?
How much time have we got?
We use many with people.

Were there many people at the match?
How many people did you see?
We use much with money.
114
Lots!
Weve got fifteen minutes.
Not much.
GRAMMAR 46 MUCH, AM/Vy

1 Underline the correct word in each sentence.
1 There isnt many / much food in the fridge, Im afraid.

2 Have you read many / much books in German?
3 We dont have many / much rain in the summer.
4 There isnt many / much coffee left.
5 You havent made many / much mistakes.
6 Have you got many / much friends in this town?
7 Hurry up. We havent got many / much time.
8 Do many / much cars park in this street?
2
Complete the questions with How much or How many.
1 .................................money have you got?

2 ..................................students are in the class?
3 ..................................words do we have to write?
4 ..................................paper do you need?
5 ..................................pages are there in this book?
6 ..................................time have we got left?
7 ..................................water do you drink in a day?
8 ..................................times have you been to London?
3
1 Ill try to call you tonight, but I dont have ....W'.Mrftb.... time.
2
...............................................................................I know a lot of English!
...............................................................................There are ten people.
...............................................................................I need two bicycles.
...............................................................................Yd like a lot of rice.
115
47
GRAMMAR
too much, too many, enough
too much
We use too much with uncountables. Too much means more than we want or more than is
necessary.
Ive put too much sugar in my tea. (more than I wanted)
Vve got too much work.
(more than is possible to complete)
too many
We use too many with countables. Too many means more than we want or more than is
necessary.
There are too many students in this class.
(Its very crowded.)
I ve got too many books. I need some new shelves!
(The shelves are full.)
enough, not enough

We use enough with both countables and uncountables. Enough means the right number or
quantity
Weve got enough chairs.
(We dont need any more.)
Thanks, Vve got enough milk.
(I dont want any more.)
We can use enough with questions and negatives.
There are too many students in the classroom. There aren't enough chairs.
116
GRAMMAR 47 TOO MUCH, TOO MANY, ENOUGH

1 Choose the most suitable sentence (1-6) for each picture (a-f).
2 Underline the correct sentence.
1 Sorry, but I cant pay the bill.

A Ive got too much money.
2
3
4
5
6
B I havent got enough money.
I cooked spaghetti for ten, but only two people came.

A Ive got too much spaghetti.
B Ive got too many spaghetti.
Jim is very lonely.
A He has got too many friends.
B He hasnt got enough friends.
You can t take ten suitcases on the plane!
A Youve got too much luggage.
B You havent got enough luggage.
Please share the books, one between two.
A There are too many books.
B There arent enough books.
Eight people cant go in one taxi.

A There is too much room.
We didnt enjoy our holiday.
B There wasnt enough rain.
A There was too much rain.

Please write this again.
A There are too many mistakes.
Im too tired to go out!
A Ive had too much sleep.
B There arent enough mistakes.
10 This bread tastes horrible!

A There is too much salt in it.
B There isnt enough room.
B I havent had enough sleep.

B There are too many salt in it.
1 I can t play tennis now.--------- \

a) There isnt enough light.
2 I feel a bit sick. \
b) Theres too much noise.
3 I cant drive you home. \
c) Iending
havent(a-j)
got enough
3 Choose the best
for eachsugar.
sentence (1-10).
4 I cant have a bath. \
d) Ive got too many clothes.
5 There is no room in my wardrobe. \
I havent got enough petrol.
6 I cant sleep in this room.
Vf)
Ive got too much homework.
7 I can t read here.
g) I havent got much money.
8 I cant eat this soup.
9 I cant make a cake.
1 I cant buy a new bike.
0
h) Ive eaten too many apples.

i) Theres too much salt in it.
j) There isnt enough hot water.
1 There is no room on the bus. There are A people.

1 There is too much noise.
A too many
p.
c not enough
B too much
2
Im still very hungry. There was food.
2 There are too many people.
..........
A too much
3 There isnt enough water.
not enough
..........
enough
3 Have we got.......drinks for the party?

A enough
B too many
c not enough
117
118
GRAMMAR 47 TOO MUCH, TOO MANY, ENOUGH

GRAMMAR
Yuk! This sandwich is disgusting. Theres salt in it.
Numbers
A too much
7
B enough
Cardinal numbers
B too many
1 one
2 two
c enough
Katy has......money to buy a car. Shes lucky!

A too much
many
My homework is very difficult. There are new words to learn.

A not enough
c too
B enough
c too many
We can t all sleep in here. There are..........beds.
5 five
6 six
7 seven
9 nine and the words17in bold.

seventeen
50 fifty
10 ten
18 eighteen
60 sixty
1 This room is very crowded.
people
11 eleven
19 nineteen
70 seventy
12 twelve
20 twenty
80 eighty
0 =.anought
or. zero.
telephone
numbers we say it like the letter O. In football we say nil. In
xtefc
r&. XQQ
. KkvInfl.Kvy
k-.........................................................................
13 thirteen
21 twenty-one
90 ninety
tennis we say love.
14 fourteen
22
twenty-two,
etc.
10
a hundred/
2 I cant hear anything you say!
noise
0
15 fifteen
30 thirty
one hundred
8 eight
16 sixteen
3 three
4 four
40 forty
Im very busy, so I cant come out.
things to do
There is a traffic jam in the city centre.
twenty
thousand
the match.
My coffee
is very
sweet!people
I cantat
drink
it!
They have plural s when we use them with of + noun to give the approximate number. There
were thousands of people at the match.
I cant find room on the shelves for all my books!
books
Im very busy so I cant come out.
cars
Hundred, thousand and million do not have plural V when we use an exact number. There were
Ordinal numbers
work
101
999
1,000
1,001
2,250
a hundred and one 200

8 and
Your
homework is not accurate.
nine hundred
ninety-nine
a thousand/one thousand 5,000
a thousand and one
two thousand, two hundred and fifty
999,999
nine hundred and ninety-nine thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine
1,000,000
a million/one million 5,000,000
1st first
2nd second
9th
10th
ninth
tenth
sugar
17th
18th
seventeenth
eighteenth
two hundred
mistakes
five thousand
five million
25th
26th
twenty-fifth
twenty-sixth
119
3rd third
4th fourth
11th
12th
5th fifth
6th sixth
7th seventh
8th eighth
13th thirteenth
14th fourteenth
15th fifteenth
16th sixteenth
= three quarters
eleventh
twelfth
19th
20th
nineteenth
twentieth
21st twenty-first
22nd twenty-second
23rd twenty-third
24th twenty-fourth
5% = five and three quarters
27th
28th
twenty-seventh
twenty-eighth
29th
30th
31st
twenty-ninth
thirtieth
thirty-first
5.75 = five point seven five
Fractions and decimals
120
V2 = a half
IV2 = one and a half
Va = a quarter
2V4 = two and a quarter
1.5 = one point five

2.25 = two point two five
A four thirds
GRAMMAR 48 NUMBERS
1 Write the words as cardinal numbers.
a hundred and nine
............-&9.
eighty-seven
....................
two hundred and fifty-five
....................
three hundred and thirty-two
....................
two thousand and one
....................
two million
....................
18 ........Jttgh&g&fe.......
B
5 three
64 quarters
..................................
52
1V2
90 =
...................................
A
half
6 a97one and..................................
49 ...................................
B one and a half

7 23
..................................
6
4
200,000 =
71 ...................................
A two hundred thousand

8 14
..................................
Write the ordinal numbers as words.B two hundred thousands
3rd .............M*$,.............
5 5th .........................................
9th ....................................
6 2nd .........................................
21st...................................
7 43rd .......................................
30th...................................
8 1st ..........................................
Underline the correct answer.
296 =
A two thousand, nine hundred and sixty

B two hundred and ninety-six
5,695 =
A five thousand, six hundred and ninety-five

B fifty six hundred and nine and five
10,000,000 =
A ten hundred thousand
121
CHECKPOINT 8
Units 43-48
1
1 Are there a / n people at the bus stop?

2 Sorry, I havent got some / any time to talk now.
3 Look at this shirt! Can I borrow an / some iron?
4 Could I have some / any stamps, please?
5 I can t pay the bill! Can you lend me a / some money?
6 Did you buy a / some paper? I want to read the news.
7 Could you buy a / some bread at the supermarket?
2
1 How ...SMMh... does this cost?

2.................................................... Jane has got too luggage.
3 Sorry, we havent got......................cakes left, not a single one.
4......................................... If you havent got
money, I can lend you some.
5 There are too......................people in this room. Its crowded.

6 How......................books have you got at home?
7
3
Are there................cinemas in this
town?
Complete the sentences with is or are.
1.................................. Your trousers
on the chair.
The mice................under your bed!
The news................on at 10.00.
4.................................................................... Don t worry! The police coming.
122

5
I cant afford to go on holiday this year.

I havent got ,JM?!6Qi.MMttCj. to go on holiday this year.
Paula has got long hair.

Paulas hair.....................................................long.
My suitcases are over there.

My luggage...........................................over there.
We are short of paper. Can we borrow some?

We havent got.......................................paper. Can we borrow some?
Im in a hurry!
I......................................much time.
There are very few good restaurants in this city.

There arent.....................................good restaurants
in this city.
Rewrite each sentence usingthe words in bold. Donot change the meaning.
Unfortunately, David hasnt
got a lot of friends.
many
uxv0tel..p.CV(i. has K/.fc .$/?. KkUiuy. friends.................

2
7
fm short of tea.
havent
The police here is very helpful.
............................r?.
Can you give me an advice?
..................................
The news this evening were interesting ............................................
The city centre was full of peoples. ..................................................
Thank you for the informations.
..................................
I havent got time enough.
..................................

123
GRAMMAR
Prepositions of place and movement

in, on, at, to, into
in
We use in when things or people are contained by other things.
There are some cups in that cupboard.

Jack lives in Spain.
Paul lives in Green Street.
We arrived in Manchester, (a city)

Jim sat in an armchair.
Sarah is ill and is in hospital.
I live in the country, not in the city.
on
We use on when things or people are touching the surface of other things.
Jane put her books on the table.

We use on when we talk about the cinema, radio, telephone and television.
Theres a good film on television tonight.
I cant talk now. Ym on the phone.
Other uses:
It was crowded on the plane / bus / train.
Our house is on this side of the street.
Theres a cinema on the left.
at
We use at when we talk about position in general. We use at with places but not with cities.
You can buy stamps at the post office.
We arrived at London Airport. Compare: We arrived in London.
GRAMMAR 49 PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE AND MOVEMENT

at the front, 1at the

back, atthe
thecorrect
end word in each sentence.
Underline
Theres a school
the and
end Maria
of the street
1 atJim
have bought a house at / in the country.
Do you sit at the front of the class?
2 The cupboard is in / at the room, on the left.
My garden is at the back of the house.
at home, at work, 3at school

What have you got in / on your bag?
Mary is at school.
(We dont know which classroom.)
4 George walked at / into the room and sat down.
She isnt at home.
5 Please put your books at / on my desk.
Mr King was at work yesterday.
(We dont know where exactly.)
6 Will you be in / at home this evening?
My sister isnt at work. Shes at the doctors.
to
7 Clare lives at / in the end of the street.
1 Is there any milk .
We use to when we talk about the direction of movement, with verbs such as go, come, bring,
2 Is Sam.................... the basketball team? 8 Are you going at / to school tomorrow?
3 Ill wait for you ...
...............the bus-stop.
2 Complete the sentences with at or to.
4 Ive lived............... ..., this city for more than ten years.
1 Ill be........flfc.......the station at 7.30.
5 Paolo had an operation and is still..........................hospital.
to
6 Johns house is........
2...........................................................
Have
you
Last
night we
to the
cinema.
7 Mary is................... work at the
moment,
butwent
shell
be home
........................................................................Rome?
8 Whats on.............. .....the cinema
thiscoming
week? to the party?
Are you
9 Nick lives............... ....Italy at the moment. 3..........................................................
You
can
David brought his dog to school.
10Lily always sits.... ..............the back of the .................................................................the
class.
corner shop.
Tina took her sister to the circus.
Complete the sentences with in or on.
We do not use to with home.
I have to go home now.
1 Kate lives.........vxv.. ....the house at the end of the street.
We do not use to with here or there. Sam is coming here tomorrow.
2 The library is not
ever
buy
been
batteries
into
Tom ran into the room and sat down.
The children climbed into the car.
126
Marks flat is........................................the fifth floor.
You can go up to the fifth floor............................................a lift.
I stayed at home and watched a good film...............................................television.
Harry and I sat............................................the living-room and talked.
125
GRAMMAR 49 PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE AND MOVEMENT

5
How many desks are there..............this classroom?

A into
B at
c in
I knocked at the door, but there was nobody.......................home.

A in
B on
c at
3................................................. The dog jumped the water and swam

after its ball.
A into
B to
c on
4............................................................................... Jim stole the money,

and now he is..........................................................prison.
A at
5
c into
As we were going................the building, the fire

A at
B in
B on
alarm rang.
c into
I came here................Paris last year to study French.
A to
B at
c in
7......................................................... Two boys were sittingthe
steps,
eating ice-cream.
A at
B on
c in
8............................................................................... Have you brought your
dictionary................................................................school today?
A in
B at
c to
6
Complete the sentences with at, to or -.
Have you ever been.............i#....Rome?
2......................................................... Why dont we walk

3
When we arrived.........................the hotel, it was late.
Have you been.....................here before?
the city centre?
5.......................................................... Was Helen school yesterday?

6...................................................................... Ill meet you the bus station.
127
GRAMM AR
Prepositions and adverbials of

place and position
inside
inside
There was nobody inside the burning house.
outside
outside
Outside means not in or not inside.
There was someone standing outside the classroom.
We can use inside and outside without an object.
Helen was standing outside.
Is there anyone inside?
in and out with no object

Tom is out. Tom has gone out (not at home)
Jill is in. (at home)
out of
GRAMMAR
GRAMMAR 50
50 PREPOSITIONS
PREPOSITIONS AND
AND ADVERBIALS
ADVERBIALS OF
OF PLACE
PLACE AND
AND POSITION
POSITION
1
----
1 Is Jack in / into at the moment?
near
Sports
centre
2 There is a shop next / opposite our house, on the other side of the road.
3 Someone is waiting outside / out.
V All's house
4 Kate was sitting in front of me / outside me on the bus.

5 Excuse me, is there a post office near / next to here?
Alts house is near the sports centre.
6 The children ran out of/ at the classroom.
opposite
We use opposite to mean in the same position on the other side.
There is a supermarket opposite the sports centre.
next to
We use next to when we talk about things or people at the side of something or someone.
1 Look! Theres someone .&. the garden.
A on B in
c inside
2 I like sitting.......a comfortable armchair.
c at
A inside B in
3 Take the first turning ,, the left.
next to
c at
A on B opposite
4 Jane isnt here at the moment. Shes............
c out
A on B in
5 Is there anything good..........television tonight?
c on
A near B in
6 Peter likes lying........the floor.

Jim sits next to Tom.
A on B at
c near
7 When you arrive.........Paris, phone me.
in front of
c inside
Jim sits in front of Helen.
Who
sits
next........Nick?
8
3
Write a word or phrase which is the opposite of the word or phrase underlined .
The motorbike is in front
A - B at
c toof the car.
4 There was an empty desk in front of Tina.
...............................
9 What time do we go.........home?
A in B into
A - B to
1 Can you wait........, please?

0
c at
David is out. Hes not at home.
...............................
behind
A out B out of
cwere
outside
6 sitsAbehind
lot of people
waiting
Anna
Tom. David
was outside the bank.
behind me.
7 My house is a long wav from the railway station.
8
I live on the same side of the road as the supermarket.
130
Tick (/) the correct sentence.
1 A Kevin is in the garden. He is out.
...............................
behind
...............................
...............................
129
B Kevin is in the garden. He is outside. /

2 A The supermarket is next the post office.
B
3 A
B
4 A
B
5 A
The supermarket is next to the post office.

Is Jean in her bedroom?
Is Jean inside her bedroom?
Cristina sits near of Marcia.
Cristina sits next to Marcia.
Theres nobody inside.
B Theres nobody in.

6 A Roy sits opposite Lara.
B Roy sits opposite to Lara.
When I looked in the box, there was nothing ..&&&...
2................................................................ There was a big red bus

3
Sorry, but Ann has gone...........................Can I take a message?
Suddenly George ran.........................of the room.
We cant play....................because its raining heavily.
6.............................................. The woman
front of us.
me was pushing my back.
Jack has gone out.

at
siA/t t howut.
Anna sits behind David.

front
Rita lives not far from the station.
Please dont come into the room yet.
The man on one side of me was reading a magazine.
near
outside
next
131
51
GRAMMAR
Indefinite and definite

There was a book on the desk.
We do not have any information about this book. (indefinite)
Wheres the book with the answers?
We know something about this book (its the book with the answers). (definite)
Indefinite article: a/an

We use a/an:
with general descriptions

A footballer is a person who plays football An
apple is a type of fruit.
with a persons job

Mary is a doctor. Ym an engineer.
with a persons character or status

Helen is a genius! Paul is a star!
Definite article; the

We use the:
with unique objects and known references

The moon circles around the earth.
(There is only one moon.)
The Tower of London is very old.
(When the noun comes before the name.)
but:
(The noun is after the name - no article)
Canterbury Cathedral
Ira going to the shop.
with nationalities to mean the people of that country

The Spanish love dancing.
with adjectives to describe groups of people

Jane has a job helping the poor.
132
(We know which shop.)
with collective nouns

Call the police!
with geographical features
with musical instruments

Do you play the violin?
The rich usually live in big houses.
The government is very unpopular.
GRAMMAR 51 ARTICLES 1
1 Complete each sentence with CJ, an or the.
Whats.......ttlC....matter? Are you all right?
2....................................................... Kate has bought
new car.
3............................................ Some people think that
moon is made of cheese!
4........................................ Im collecting money for
poor.
5....................................................... Brian hasnt found
job yet.
6............................................ Can you play
guitar?
Helen is.................idiot!
Dont forget to turn off........................television.
Complete each sentence with a, an or the.
Theres..................knife in...........the.......second drawer.
Im going to....................baker s to buy.....................loaf.
..................art museum is in......................city centre.
Theres...................cat in.....................garden!
David is.................doctor at.............................local hospital.
6............................................ We missed..........................beginning of
lovely film.
Mary plays.....................violin in....................quartet.
Its..................long time before........................train arrives.
Rewrite each sentence so it has the same meaning. Use the words in bold.
Jane teaches English.
J.Q.Wit. is.
.f^V0 tsto.
teacher
.........................................................................
There arent any buses after this one.
last
Have you seen todays paper?
the
133
52
GRAMMAR
We sometimes use nouns with no article (without a/an or the). We call this zero article.
General statements
Cars are not allowed to park here. Teachers work very hard.
Uncountables
Sugar is bad for you.
I usually drink milk.
But: The milk is in the fridge.
Abstract ideas
Love makes the world go round. War is a terrible thing.
Note that abstract words can be used in a definite way.
The war ended two years later.
Languages
Do you speak Turkish?
Vm learning Spanish.
Materials
This coat is made of plastic and leather.
Buildings
Sue is in prison. (She committed a crime.)
Richard is in hospital (Hes ill.)
Also: bed, class, school college, university, work When we talk about the building only, we
use an article.
Paul works at the prison. (Hes not a prisoner.)
Wait for me outside the hospital, (the building)
Countries, states and cities

We also use the zero article with the names of countries, cities and streets.
Paolo comes from Italy. My favourite city is Tarragona.
I bought these trousers from a shop in Green Street.
Transport
We use the zero article with by for general forms of transport.
We went there by train. I love travelling by boat.
134
But: It was quicker to go on foot.
53
I
you
he
we
she
they
GRAMMAR 52 ARTICLES 2: ZERO ARTICLE
it
1
Underline the correct word or - (zero article) in each sentence.
/, me, mine, this, one
1 R Tom
G
A M Mhas
A Rgot a/ - new leather coat.
2 Do you like an I 1
- orange juice?
Pronouns
3 Kate teaches at a / - school in Leeds.
Subject pronouns
4 Have you ever been to the / - Italy?

5 The / - French love eating cheese.
Subject pronouns come before the main verb:
6 Im tired. Its time to go to the / - bed.
I think its awful
Do you like this film?
7 Couldpronouns
you pass the / - sugar, please?
Object
8 We went to Scotland by a/ - car.
Complete each sentence with a, an, the or - (zero article).
1 Object
Wheres....................milk?
thought
pronouns come afterIthe
main you
verb:bought some.
I sent them a letter. Ellen told us the answer.
2.......................
students must not leave their bags here.
Possessive pronouns
Sue isnt up yet.

him
us
3.............................................
Paul went to
Sute
is
stlu
lt/y
bed.
her
them
me
you
bed
prison for stealing two cars.
it
Is this pen yours or mine?

3 We walked to the city centre.
There is no apostrophe before the s of possessive pronouns.
foot
this
4 and that
David wears plastic glasses.
made of
5
6
7
George came here on the bus.

What's this?
by
(The thing in my hands.)
Vd like
Naomi
is a those,
Frenchplease.
speaker.
(The things in your hands.)
speaks
8 This and that can be used with a noun instead of the.

mine
his Martin is a prisoner.ours

This dress is nice.
hers
theirs
We often use this and that or these and those to make a contrast.
yours
I like these red shoes here, but I dont like those blue shoes.
one/ones
plural
singular
this
that
136
these
(here)
those
(there)
prison
GRAMMAR 53 PRONOUNS 1
1 Underline the correct word in each sentence.
1 Tony gave we/ us a lift.

2 Tina and Mike say that we can borrow theirs / they.
3 Could you pass me that / those paper?
4 Is it your turn, or is it my / mine*
5 Do this / these trees belong to you?
6 Paula wants you to help she / her.
7 Excuse me, but this is my / mine seat.
3
4
Do you like....................houses at the end of the street?

Anna,.....................is my friend Sam. Have you met before?
5
Have one of...................chocolates. Theyre my favourites!
7 I like the black trousers, but I dont like the green...............................
8 Did you enjoy that ice-cream? Would you like another..............................?
3
1 Is this your bike?

Is this bike
2 That house belongs to me.

That house is.........................
3 Paul likes Jane. Theyre friends.
Paul and Jane are friends. He likes...........................
4 I want to know the time.
Can you tell.....................the time, please.
5 We own this car.
This car is.......................
137
GRAMMAR 54 PRONOUNS 2
GRAMMAR
Complete each sentence with a pronoun beginning some-, any-, no- or every-.
1 Can I ask you
Pronouns 2
everyone
There is nothing to do.
anything
2 .........................has gone wrong today! Its been
terrible!
The box was empty.
3 .........................has taken my bike, and Ym going

to find out who!
nothing
somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, none, nothing
someone/somebody
4 There is...........................nicer than a warm bath.
We use someone/somebody for a person we dont know.
5 Does..........................here have a pen I could borrow?
Someone/Somebody is knocking at the door.
6 I feel
so unhappy!............................loves me!
anyone/anybody
We use anyone/anybody for questions and negatives Is anyone/anybody going to help
7 .......................... somewhere, wants a phone call from you!
me?
There isn't
anyone/anybody
here.
8 .........................I
have
is yours!
something
Change
thesomething
underlined
one
word.
We use
forwords
a thingtowe
don
t know.
Not one of the people in the room welcomed Peter.

Something is wrong!
....W5XV6....
anything
Rewrite
each
sentence
it has the
meaning.
Use
the words
bold.
We use
anything
for so
questions
andsame
negatives
Is there
anything
in theinbox?
no one/nobody
We use no one or nobody without not as the negative of someone/somebody.
Vm sure that no one/nobody saw me.
none
We use none to mean not any. We do not use not.
Can I have a biscuit? There are none left.
We can use none with uncountables to mean not any
Can I have some milk? There is none left.
none of
We can use a singular or a plural verb. Some people think a singular verb is more correct.
None of the children was/were tired.
nothing
We use nothing without not as the negative of something.
138
everything
We use everything with a singular verb to mean all of a number of things Everything is
beautiful.
There arent any left.

I met a person who knows you.
I didnt eat anything.
Do you know any people in this town?
none
somebody
nothing
anybody
139
CHECKPOINT 9
4
Rewrite the sentences using the words in bold. Do not change the meaning.
There is nothing in the cupboard.

isnt
Units 49-54
Ihr IsiA/t
Everyone was at home.
There is a person in the garden.
out
liA, the cw-pbOrd.
Choose the most suitable word forsomeone

each space.
1 Tom wasnt work today. Is he ill?

I promise to say nothing.
A to
There was no one on the bus.
B in
wont
at
wasnt
2 There was a queue in the street............the cinema.
A to B into c outside
3 Are you going..................school tomorrow?
A at WriteBone
to word cin each space.
Complete the sentences.
1
in
The dog has lost .(&. collar.

4 Mario took his pet
snake.his English class.
2............................................................ Has anyone seen

A to
B at
c
wallet? I think Ive lost it.

in
3............................................................................... My pencil broke so I borrowed

5 A new music shop has opened.............the town centre.
friend.
from
A to B in c into
4 Jo and Steve have got two children..........................names are Ian and Megan.
6 Theres a good film the Arts Cinema this week.
5 This book is.........................Its got my name on it.
A at B in c to
6 We live in this house. Its..........................
2
7 This bike is mine and.......................one is Jims.
1 Have you got a / one bike?

8 Anna says that this bag is.........................
not Marias.
2 Cindy is a / an young American.
6
3 Sorry Im late. I missed a / the

bus.
The
love makes world go round!
.Jrrpy.
w # J f b/s.ytffid .00.yo.Mitel?!;
4 Excuse me, is there a / the cinema near here?
2 Help! Call police!
...............................................................
5 Anns house is at a / the end of the street.
3 Kate enjoyed her holiday at Turkey. ...............................................................................
4 Have you met mine brother?
140
...............................................................
141
my
your
his
55
her
its
our
their
GRAMMAR
Possession means having or owning things.
Possessive adjectives
This is my bike. Those are our books.
Possessive pronouns
mine yours his hers ours theirs This bike is mine.
Those books are ours.
We cannot say:
This bike-ts-the-mine. X Whose... ?
Whose bike is this?
Its mine.
Whose books are these?
They re ours.
Whose is this bike?

Whose are these books?
Whos (who is) does not have the same meaning as whose (of who), but it has the same
pronunciation.
have got
Jane has got a sports car.
Have you got a computer?
The meaning of have got (or have) can sometimes depend on the context.
Have you got a minute?
(I want to talk
Have you got a pen?
(I want to borrow it)
US and some GB speakers prefer have.

Jane has a sports car.
Do you have a computer?
142
to you.)
GRAMMAR 55 POSSESSION 1
Write a new sentence for each situation using have/has got.
1
number is in my book. ].Y. y
Your phone
Wftr.xwy.
This
new
There
Sue
Are these books yours / your7.
Is this her / hers house?
Do they own that big house?
is
bike
no
time
is
know,
belongs
for
suffering
what
me
to
from
about
to
do
my
this
Harry.
homework
bad
idea
cold
...
theirs
Is tlflflt 0. hpujs.s.t.hrs?.....................................................................................
2
Who owns this bike?
whose
These are my books.
mine
Does she own that boat?
hers
Do you own a computer?
got
Is that your dog?
We own these houses.
ours
This is her seat.
hers
yours
143
GRAMMAR 56 POSSESSION 2
GRAMMAR
1
Add apostrophes to these sentences if necessary.
Possession 2 Jane's house; the roof of the house

1 Is that book yours or Sams?.........................................................................................
Possessive apostrophe
2 Davids
sisters cats
is Syrup.................................................................................
We use
an apostrophe
whenname
we talk
about things belonging to people.
Singular
(s) you met Pats brothers?.........................................................................................
3 Have
We use }s when the thing or things belong to one person.
4 Are those shoes hers?....................................................................................................
This is Jane's house. Thats my friends bike.
5 These are the girls fathers.............................................................................................
These are my friend's books. (one friend, but two or more books)
6 Those are the teachers cars...........................................................................................

Plural (s)
7 These
sandwiches
arethings
ours, belong
not yours...........................................................................
We use
s when
the thing or
to two or more people.
8 Myare
books
are indesks,
my friends
These
the boys'
(two orbag...................................................................................
more boys)
This is the boys' classroom, (two or more boys, but one classroom)
9 Whose gloves are these?...............................................................................................
We can put two words with apostrophes together, but we usually avoid this.
10 That is Jacks fathers bike..............................................................................................
Is that Ann's aunt's car? = Is this the car that belongs to Anns aunt?
Belonging to two people

This is Carol and Tonys house.
Names ending in s
St James' Park or St Jamess Park
of
We can use of when we talk about things belonging to things.
The roof of the house was damaged.
We can put two nouns together without of and make a compound word. We often do this when
one thing is part of another.
I saw this dress in the shop window.
Of is often used for formal names.
1 This desk belongs to Jim.
The University of Westminster
This .jLM&.dtfe..............................................................
2 That belongs to her.
Thats........................................................................................
3 Does this belong to you or him?
Is this.......................................................................................
4 Who does this ruler belong to?

Whose......................................................................................
5 Do the empty seats belong to them?

Are the....................................................................................
6 We own this house.

This..........................................................................................
7 Joe and Ella own this caravan.
This is......................................................................................
8 Does that bag belong to Sarahs teacher?
Is that...................................................................................... .......................bag?
145
57
GRAMMAR
Adjectives tell you more about the size, shape, colour, etc. of nouns. They do not have plural
s or other changes.
It was a lovely day.
These are tasty apples.
He is tall
She is tall
When we use an adjective with a noun, the adjective must

Look at my new
coat! what a lovely hat!
an old man
They
are tall
come before the noun.

Youlucky thing!
a young woman
The article belongs to the noun, not the adjective. So, it is not possible to say: what a lovely, you
lucky, an old, a young.
What's it like?
We use this question when we ask someone to give an opinion about, or describe, something
or someone. We use an adjective in the answer.
Whats your teacher like? Shes fantastic!
Whats Joes house like? Its enormous!
Classes and nationalities

We can use the + adjective to describe a group of people.
Groups of people
the young the old the rich the poor
Some nationalities
the French
the Chinese
the English
the Japanese
the Portuguese
the Dutch
the Welsh
the Swiss
the British
the Irish
the Danish
Other nationalities use noun plurals.

the Italians the Turks the Greeks the Germans the Americans
Verbs of sensation
We use adjectives with verbs of sensation: feel, look, taste, smell sound.
This tastes good.
It feels very soft.
I feel ill
This cheese smells bad.
The washing-machine sounds terrible.
too and enough

146
It looks great.
the Spanish
GRAMMAR 57 ADJECTIVES
1
Write questions with What ... like?
1 VYb fit's ypLfr teacher lltee?........................................................

My teacher? Shes a very nice person.
2. . .............................................................................................
The end of the film? Wait and see!
3 ....................................................................................................
My parents? When you meet them, you can decide!
4 .................................. .................................................................
The weather in my country? It rains a lot.
5 ....................................................................................................
My next door neighbours? They make a lot of noise!
6.........................................................................................
Helens new boyfriend? I havent met him yet.
27 ....................................................................................................
The....................come from Switzerland.
3
Thesometimes feel ill and lonely.
You look....................Do you feel all right?
5
8
Thecome from Japan.

Your bike sounds...........................Is there something wrong with it?
Complete each sentence with too or enough.
10 I cant work today. Its....................hot!

11 Id like to buy those shoes, but they are..........................expensive.
12 We need another ladder. This one isnt long..............................
13 I can t do this exercise because its.........................difficult.
14 Nobody bought my bike because it was..........................old.
147
58
GRAMM AR
Order of adjectives happy, rich and famous

Adjectives with -ed or -ing tired, tiring
More than one adjective
We can join adjectives with and.

Jim has become happy and rich.
If we join more than two adjectives with commas we usually put and between the
last two.
Jim has become happy, rich and famous.
Order of adjectives
If we use more than one adjective, the order is important. There are four main
groups of adjectives, numbered here 1 to 4.
1 One or more of these types of adjective:
la Opinion: beautiful
lb Size: large
lc Age: old
Id Shape: round
le Temperature: cold
2 Colours: green, blue, etc.
3 Material (what it is made of): wooden, plastic, etc.
4 Purpose (what it is for): a running shoe
5 Noun
lc 3
4
5
an old, leather, football boot
lc 2
3
4
(notice the use of commas)

5
some new, orange, lycra, cycling shorts

la 2
3
5
a beautiful green, silk shirt
148
A word, usually a noun (e.g. football), can be used as an adjective.

football boot tennis racket
GRAMMAR 58 ORDER OF ADJECTIVES; ADJECTIVES WITH -ED OR -ING

1 Write the words in the correct order.
shirt cotton a new lovely
.k?y.^y.&.
V.sfeyi..
2 large wooden old a house
...................................................
3 apples large two green beautiful
...................................................
4 film an new interesting science-fiction ...............................................................

5 green vase old a beautiful
...................................................
6 short a coat red plastic
...................................................
7 carpet a old beautiful blue
...................................................
8 puppy little a sweet black
...................................................
Write compound words.
1 a boot for playing football
..................................................
2 a shoe for running in
...................................................
3 a road in the country
...................................................
4 a stadium for athletics
...................................................
5 a costume for swimming
...................................................
6 a village on a mountain
...................................................
7 a student at university
...................................................
8 a bus for the school
...................................................
Complete each sentence with a word ending in -ed or -ing.
1 I think this film is b.Q.K.^Q...........

2 I dont find politics i........................
3 Walking makes me t.........................
4 This book is really e.........................
149
GRAMMAR
Making comparisons 1: comparative

adjectives Lisa is older than Clara
Comparative adjectives compare two things. We use than with comparative adjectives.
Lisa is older than Clara.
Paula is a faster swimmer than Jane.
We use (just) as ... as when the things compared are equal.

Harry is (just) as good as Jack.
Harry is (just) as good a player as Jack.
We use not as ... as when we compare things negatively.

Cathy is not as good as Mary.
Cathy is not as good a player as Mary.
We use more ... than and less ... than for longer adjectives.
This game is more interesting than the last one.
I think this game is less interesting than that one.
Forming comparative adjectives
One-syllable words: add -er to the adjective.

long ----------------------
longer
One-syllable words ending with one consonant: double the final consonant.
big ------------------------
bigger
Words ending in consonant + y: change y to i.

dry ------------------------
drier
Two or more syllables: use more.
interesting ------------------------ more interesting
Exceptions
Some adjectives with two syllables can be formed in either way.

healthy ------------------------- healthier OR more healthy
To talk about family members, old has an irregular comparative ------------------------- elder
This is my elder sister.
GRAMMAR 59 MAKING COMPARISONS 1: COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES

1 Write a sentence for each picture. Use the comparative form of the adjective in brackets.
1 (tall)
2 (young)
Ifcte. girl* i$> .t a Llxr. .t h a to* .the, .by................................................
3 (expensive)
4 (short)
151
bl00r
1 big
Write the comparative form of each adjective.
happy
...................................................
beautiful
...................................................
angry
...................................................
bad
...................................................
important
...................................................
dry
...................................................
good
...................................................
hot
...................................................
10 expensive
...................................................
This book is better ...t.hflJ'V..... the other one.
Jim is not...................tall as his sister.
I dont like running. Its........................interesting than swimming.
This film is funnier......................the last one we saw.
5................................................................... Do this exercise first. Its important.

6................................................................... These boots are cheaper the other ones.
Bill is
4 Jacks marks are worse than mine.
(good)
My marks.....................................
5 This book is the same price as that one.
(expensive)
That book is..........................................

6 Your bike is slower than mine.
My bike.................................
152
(fast)
GRAMMAR 59 MAKING COMPARISONS 1: COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES
Read the information about France and Spain. Complete the sentences about the
Franc
e
Population Summer
550,000 sq
temperature Winter
temperature Rainfall
km 64
million
18
500,000 sq km
Size
40 million
Population Summer
temperature Winter
temperature Rainfall
24 c
11 c
300mm
France....................U.bk00ejr.fctov..............Spain, (big)
Spain..............................................................France, (small)
Spains population.........................................................Frances population, (large)
Frances population................................................not............................................Spains
population, (small)
Spain..............................................................France, in summer, (hot)
Spain...................................................... not........................................................France, in
153
GRAMMAR
Making comparisons 2: superlative adjectives She

is the fastest runner.
Comparative adjectives compare two things.

She is a faster runner than John.
Superlative adjectives compare one thing in a group with all the other things in that
group.
She is the fastest runner in the world. He is the tallest man I know.
We can use a superlative without a noun.

Which cake is the biggest? I think this dress is the prettiest.
We usually use the before a superlative, but we can use a possessive {my, your, his,
her etc.).
Jane is wearing her best dress. Peter is my youngest brother.
Forming superlative adjectives
One-syllable word: add -est to the adjective.

long -------------------- longest
This is the longest river in our country.
One-syllable words ending with one consonant: double the final consonant.
big --------------------- bigger
Words ending in consonant + y: change y to i.

dry --------------------- drier
Most adjectives with two or more syllables: use most + adjective

modern ---------------------------- most modern
interesting ------------------------ most interesting
This is the most interesting book in the shop
Exceptions
Adjectives with two or more syllables ending in consonant + y\ add est.

happy ----------------------- happiest
Some adjectives with two syllables can be formed in either way.

Others include: quiet, tired and words ending -ow, -y, -le and -er.
Irregular superlatives
good
little
>- best
least
bad
old
worst
>- eldest (for family members)
GRAMMAR 60 MAKING COMPARISONS 2: SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
Write the superlative form of each adjective.
long
.....thg.tpKv&esfe....
fit
funny
..................................
terrible
..................................
good
..................................
wide
..................................
nasty
..................................
strange
..................................
This is the better / best restaurant in the town.

This castle is one of the older / oldest in Europe.
Dave (tall)..............................................the tflllftst.,

Tom (short).................................................................................
Jim (old).....................................................................................
Tom (young)...............................................................................
155
CHECKPOINT 10
Units 55-60
Excuse me, does this umbrella ...!36U?Wi0... to you?

Kate is..........................tallest in the class.
Sorry, but your work isnt good.................................
Jane is older.........................Peter.
Kate hasnt............................any money for the bus.
My bike isnt........................fast as yours.
bike is this? Is it Helens?
Both stories are good, but I think this one is....................................than the other.
Rewrite each sentence twice using the words in brackets. Do not change the meaning.
This pen belongs to me.

Thts us
Tfaus "piA/ H/CUA/.
(my)
(mine)
Those bags belong to the students.

.....................................................................................................
(their)
.....................................................................................................
(theirs)
Tom owns that house.

.....................................................................................................
(Toms)
.....................................................................................................
(Tom)
Thats Paul and Julies baby.
156

We stayed in a h o u s e .
A country beautiful old B beautiful old country c old beautiful country
Did you like the film? No, I thought
it was *
A boring B bores c bored

Is your friend Tom...............?
A England B an English c English
Ann bought a...............skirt.
A lovely blue B blue lovely c blue and lovely
My tea isnt hot enough.
....................My. tea is too cold.'
cold
That film was great!
what
You are too young to see this film.
old
Describe your brother.
like
This piece of string is too short.
long

Adjectives come after the noun they describe.
157
completely
frcshiy
specially
well
frequently
beautifully
greatly
sincerely
GRAMMAR 61 ADVERBS: FORMATION AND POSITION

Write the adverb form of each adjective.
G Rquick
AMM AR
Adverbs:
formation
and position
fast
..................
wonderful
Jim
wrote..............................
quickly.
happy ....................................
Adverbs generally give us more information about an action and tell us how it was done.
bad
Jim wrote the letter quickly.
special ...................................
Forming
adverbs
Add -ly to an adjective. Adjectives ending in -y: change y to -ily. Adjectives ending in -ic: add
Complete
-ally. each sentence with an adverb from the box.
beautiful -------------------
beautifully
happy ----------------------
happily
terrifically
All terrific
the food---------------------
in our restaurant is.....................x6k$..........prepared.
Position of adverbs
I am........................................grateful for your help.

Adverbs usually come after the subject or after the object.
The head teacher was..........................................loved by the whole school.
Jim quickly wrote the letter.
(Jim is the subject.)
Jimpassed
wrote the
the test
letter
quickly.she was.............................................prepared.
(The letter is the object.)
Lydia
because
We cannot say: fim-wrote-qmddy-the-letter. X

This is a............................................made piece of jewellery.
When the verb does not have an object, the adverb goes after the verb.
Tom runs quickly.
We
say:cake...............................................for
Tom quickly runs. X
Wecannot
made this
you.
Some sentences include a phrase describing place or manner:
The game is not............................................finished yet.
Jim ran up the stairs.
Buckingham Palace is one of Londons............................................visited sights.
The adverb usually goes before the verb, or after the phrase.
Change each sentence. Use the underlined word to make an adverb.
Jim quickly ran up the stairs.
upworker.
the stairs
quickly.
Jim Jim
is a ran
good
jw
works well;
Irregular adverbs
adjective
good
Annadverb
is a wonderful dancer.
well
fast
hard
fast
hard
Carol is an accurate writer.
Tina is a bad singer.

158
159
62
GRAMM AR
it, its and it's
It can be a subject or object pronoun.

It stops here. Do you like it?
The possessive form of it is its.

Look at this fish. Look at its beautiful eyes!
Its can be the contracted form of it is or it has.

It's on the shelf. It's got six legs.
It is on the shelf. It has got six legs.
Expressions with it
We often use it with the verb be in expressions
have no subject.
Itswhich
snowing.
It's raining.
Its cold / hot / sunny.
It's a lovely day.
It's half past two.
It's late.
It's lovely to be here.
It's a pity about the weather.

It doesn't matter.
Its a good idea to arrive early.

Other tenses are also possible.
It was three oclock.
there> their and they're
We can use there to say that something exists.

There is a strange dog in the garden.
Their is the possessive form of they.

Tim and Ann have brought their car.
Theyre is the contracted form of they are.

Where are my glovesV
Theyre on the seat!
there is/are
We can use there is or there are to say that something exists.
There's a spider in the bath. There are lots of trees in your street
We use it is/they are when we talk about something that we have already mentioned.
160
GRAMMAR 62 IT AND THERE AS SUBJECTS

Is there / their / they re any milk left?

Oh no! Its / Jfs snowing again.
Tim and Jean have lost there / their / they re tickets.
Were nearly at the cinema. Its /Its not far.
There / Their / They re are lots of people here today.
This isnt your bag. I think its its Toms.
Most of my friends say there / their / theyre happy.
The dog hurt its / its leg so we took it to the vet.
When there / their / they re letter arrives, can you tell me what they say?
Im sorry, its / its too late to go out now.
Complete each sentence with it, its, it's , there, their or they're.
The others are outside.
waiting for us.
The school has invited all....................old pupils to a party.

What an awful day!..........................raining again!
doesnt matter about money. You can pay me back later.
is no way I can get to school before 8.30.
Some people lose..............................keys very easily!
a lovely day today.
I like your new shoes............................very fashionable!
Kate stopped and listened..............................was something wrong!
161
I/you/we/they have got

he/she/it has got
63
Negative
Questions
I haven't got
Have I/you/we/they got?
he/she/it hasn't
Has he/she/it got?
G R A M M Ahave
Have,
R
got, get
have (possession)
When we use the present perfect, have is the auxiliary or helping verb.
I have eaten a pizza. Has Jim written his letters?
We also use have as a main verb, to talk about possession.

have a new bike. Carlos has a lot of homework.
When have is the main verb it uses do/does to make questions and negatives.
Do you have a sister? No, I don't have any sisters or brothers.
Present simple
Statements
I/you/we/they have
he/she/it has
Past simple
Statements
Negative
Questions
Negative
Questions
I/you/we/they don't have
Do I/you/we/they have?
he/she/it doesn't have
Does he/she/it have?
I/you/he/she/it/we/they had
I/you/he/she/it/we/they didnt have
Did I/you/he/she/it/we/they have?
have got
# We can also use have got to talk about possession.
Ann has got a new car. Has Ann got a new car?
There are no past forms of have got, we use the past forms of have.
Did Ann have a car?
Ann didn't have a car.
US English prefers have to have got.

British English:
Vve got a dog and two cats.
US English:
I have a dog and two cats.
get
We use get in informal speech. It has a number of different meanings.

(receive)
Can you get me some milk? (buy)
162
I got
a letter this morning.

much do you get?
Are you getting tired?
(become)
How
When did you get here?
(arrive)
17/ just go and get my coat.
(earn)
GRAMMAR 63 HAVE, HAVE GOT, GET

Change the statements into questions or negatives.
Jane has got a new car.

Jfli/ye 0pt
(question)
iA,w car?
Ive got a stamp.
(negative)
Jim had a cold last week.
(question)
Weve got a problem.
(question)
You have a test today.
(negative)
Change each sentence or question into the past tense.
Ive got a cat.

had a cat.
Have you got a bike?
Jim hasnt got any time.
Davids got an exam.
We havent got a house.

Replace the underlined words with a verb from the box.
arrive in become buy collect earn receive

How much do you get...............6&T.KV.... in your new job?
Did you get........................................................any letters this morning?
Could you get............................me some stamps when you go shopping?
Put your coat on. You dont want to get................................cold.
163
GRAMMAR 64 MAKE, DO, GO; PHRASAL VERBS
Complete each sentence with a suitable form of make or do.

GRA
M MaAminute.
R
Wait
Ym
my hair at the moment.
Please dont........................................so much noise!
Make, do, go go shopping
My father..........................most of the cooking in our house.
Phrasal
verbs look it up
Oh dear, I think Ive.....................................................a mistake.
Areand
you going
make
do to..................................Michael a birthday cake?
Generally, we do an action but we make something that was not there before. Do and
They..........................Harry
an offer
whichcheck
he couldnt
refuse.
make
are also used in expressions.
Always
in a dictionary.
do your work/homework
make a cake
do the cooking/ironing, etc.
make a mistake
do your hair/teeth, etc.
make a noise
do nothing
make a cup of tea/coffee
do exercises
make an offer
What do you do? and How do you do?

What do you do? (Whats your job?)
How sentence
do you do?(1(a-8)
greeting:
the reply is(a-h)
Howwhich
do youmeans
do?) the same.
Match each
with a sentence
I tried to+find
the word in a dictionary.
go/come
-ing
We use go I come with ...ing for these activities:
I have good relations with my neighbours.
................
..................
to go/come shopping
to go/come sailing
I wrote down all my personal details on the form.
to go/come skating
to go/come fishing
..................
= swimming
leave your bed
go/come
skiing
to Igo/come
Thetoteacher
asked
me to stop talking, but
didnt.
..................
Phrasal verbs
=
try to find
I think Im going to enjoy my holiday.
..................
These are verbs with one or two words, and a meaning which we cannot usually
=
write the details on
I havent got any more food.
..................
guess.
I spent mywith
childhood
near London.
Examples
two words:
..................
Ive
eating sweets.
get up
(instopped
the morning)
look
up (a word
in the
dictionary)
1 Pat and Sam .... wftSft:....
shopping
in New
York
last month.
I
filled
it
in.
Always check in a dictionary when you come across a new example.
2 Do you want to ...
..................
3 My brother............. .......to my house yesterday.

I get on well with them.
4 Kate usually........... .........skiing in Switzerland.
5 I used to.................. ... swimming a lot, but I stopped.
6 Mary loves..............
......shopping with her sister.
164
7
8 Do you feel like ... ...............fishing tomorrow?
165
dream
know
I dreamt about Switzerland last night.

Do you know a lot about physics?
talk
What are you talking about?
look
Look at these lovely flowers.

GRAMMAR 65 VERBS WITH PREPOSITIONS, GERUND OR INFINITIVE
apologize
I apologize for
being late.
Underline
the correct words in each sentence.
pay
wait
IAhate
/ walk in the rain.
Tim paid for my
ticket.
GR
M Mwalking
AR
believe
belong
explain
lend
listen
talk
65
ru wait for you outside.
Verbs with prepositions, gerund or infinitive
I fancy to go / going to the cinema tonight.

Do you believe in ghosts?
Dont listen to Bob. Hes talking of/ about cars again.
Does this belong to you?
Verbs followed by prepositions
Sue offered to / at find me a job.
about
Could you explain something to me please?
Kate lent her pen Kevin
to me. cant stand to cook/ cooking.
You re not listening to me!
Harry believes on / in magic!
Jill was talking to her sister.
at
Carl doesnt want to go / going home yet.
fo
r We apologized for / to the noise made by the children.
All children dislike doing/ to do homework.
in Please wait to /for me in the restaurant.
to
can t stand
apologize
manage
refuse
choose
enjoy
know
lend
listen
Ive lost my wallet, so I cant pay...................fyr......my ticket.
wait
Do you...........................going to the cinema this evening?
3 Complete each sentence with a verb from the box.
Verbs followed by -ing

Examples: dislike, enjoy, fancy, cant stand I
dislike getting up early.
Pat enjoys using a computer.
Do you fancy going to the cinema?
can't stand travelling by bus.
Verbs followed by infinitive + to

Examples: ask, choosey help, manage, offer, refuse, want
chose to walk to the station.
Sue asked us to wait.
Jack helped me (to) do my homework.
managed to find a taxi.
166
Students who do not........................................to finish now, can come back later.

Jan doing th washing-up.
If drivers...............................................to stop, the police arrest them.
I
for damaging your bike.
Do think you could.......................................for me outside?

Did you........................................to the football match on the radio?
167

Jim said that he would pay for my ticket.

Jim offered.J&.p.fly.fpr.W'.y. .tkteffe........................................................................
Tony really doesnt like playing football
Tony cant.................................................................................................................
Could you give me an explanation of this?
Could...............................................................................................................me?
Please wait, the teacher asked us.
The teacher asked us...............................................................................................
You were in my dreams last night.
I dreamt...................................................................................................................
Carol would like to go to the cinema tonight.
Carol wants..............................................................................................................
Ann wants to go to the park.
Ann fancies..............................................................................................................
Is this pencil yours?
Does.........................................................................................................................?
She apologized stealing the money.
Tim paid to the sandwiches.
I want for visiting the museum this afternoon.
They dont know very much in British history.
Sue doesnt enjoy to watch television.
168
1 A about
2 A travel
3 A to
4 A going
5 A for
6 A with
7 A driving
8
9
1
A at
A to
A with
c for
c travelling
B with
c in WITH PREPOSITIONS, GERUND OR INFINITIVE
B to go GRAMMAR 65cVERBS
go
B about
c forto each space.
6 Choose
B tothe most suitable word
c too
B drive
c drives
BR Aabout
G
MMAR
c for
B in
c at
Be
B inwith adjectives
c aboutand prepositions
B
B
at
travels
66
be + adjective followed by a preposition

about
want to tell you the story of a dream I had last night. I dreamt (1) A Australia. I was
staying in Sydney with my uncle and aunt and we were going to drive
across Australia by car. This was really strange because I cant stand (2).....................
by car, I prefer trains. Anyway I refused (3).............get in the car and my uncle got
very cross with me. He said he wanted (4)............to Perth and it would be an adventure
for us all. I tried to explain (5)...............him that I was always very sick in a car, but he
wasnt listening (6)..........me.
My aunt said I would enjoy (7).........across the desert, seeing all the animals and birds.
I thought that maybe she was right so I apologized (8)...............being rude and we all got
in the car to drive across Australia.
When I woke up the next morning, my mum was talking (9)..............her sister in Australia.
My uncle and aunt were really planning to drive across the desert. It was so strange - do
you believe (10)...................dreams?
excited
right
We were all excited about the match.

You were right about it
sorry
Ym sorry about that.
bad
Sorry, Ym bad at adding up!
good
Bill is really good at cooking.
famous
late
ready
Our country is famous for its mountains.

Sam was late for school yesterday.
Are you ready for your lunch?
different
This house is different from ours.
interested
Are you interested in computers?
afraid
frightened
full
Michael is afraid of spiders.

Lisa is frightened of the dark.
My sleeping bag is full of ants!
for
from
in
of
169
tired
fm tired of the same old things!
keen
Im not very keen on fried food.
married
Ellen is married to Jack.
angry/annoyed
Vm really angry/annoyed with you.
bored
pleased
Were bored with this film.

Kates teacher is pleased with her.
on
with
Many adjectives have different meanings with different prepositions. Always check in a
dictionary.
170
GRAMMAR 66 BE WITH ADJECTIVES AND PREPOSITIONS
Underline the correct word.
Brazil is famous for / in its beautiful beaches.

Ym not very good for / at maths.
Your computer is different from / with mine.
Kate is afraid of/for mice.
My teacher was very pleased with / to me.
Helen was very excited for / about her prize.
Peter isnt very keen on /for playing golf.
My town is famous for / with its soap factory.
Why are you so angry for / with me?
Is your brother interested in / to football?
Are you ...X&Q..... for bed yet? Its very late.

Stop shouting! Why are you..............................with me?
George arrived at school late.
Joes school bag is..........................of dirty pieces of paper!
2
3
for
#.f. sc-h 00 L.............................................................................
find staying at home boring.
4 Ann and Chris are married.
with
to
5
apologize for my behaviour.
about
6
Jack is a very good cyclist.
at
1 I like your new bike. .^r.really fast!
c It
A Its B Its
2 Oh no!.......a huge traffic jam!
A Theres B Its
CHECKPOINT 11
c It has
3 ....seems to be something wrong with my camera.

A It B There
c Its
A Theres B Its
c Its
Units 61-66
4 Hurry up!........half past seven already.
5 Tinas house is very large..........got six bedrooms.
c It has
A It is B There is
6 ....no doubt about it. Helen is the winner!
c It
A Theres B Its
7 Someone has left........watch in the classroom.
c theyre
A there B their
8 You can phone from here............a phone in the corridor.
c Its
A It has B Theres
Complete each sentence with an adverb from the box.
carelessly hard loudly politely quickly secretly weH

I slept............Wfcix................ thank you.
Deborah studied........................................for her exams.
Paul did his homework..........................................
Mary took the money............................................
Harry drove.........................................to the hospital.
David always behaves...........................................
Ann shouted........................................

172
The police told Jim to stop, but he ..refused., to obey them.

Rewrite each sentence using the words in bold. Do not change the meaning.
Birds frighten Ann.
of
. AvkYb.is. .fx.0)t/5Kfcd. . bsl&t.............................................................................................
Tina arrived at school late yesterday.

Im sorry I missed you.
Harry finds his lessons boring.
I dont like getting up early.
There are lots of people in the cinema.
for
apologize
is
stand
full
Paula .... Wjs&fc.... swimming yesterday afternoon.

Why dont you look...........................the word in your dictionary?
I really hate..................................................up early.
Im looking................................to going on holiday.
Are you interested..............................computers?

We can usually use do or make in the same way.
There is no difference in meaning between have you got and do
173
67
GRAMMAR 67 FUNCTIONS 1
1 Match the pictures (a-f) with the sentences (1-6).
GRAMM AR
Functions 1
Asking for advice
What do you think I should do?
What would you do?
Giving advice
think you should (go to the doctors).
d)
If I were you, Id (go to the doctors).

e)
Why don t you (go to the doctors)?
Never mind, f
What about (going to the doctors)?
How about
trying(going
a larger
How about
to size?
the doctors)?
So do I.
Agreeing
f)
4 Sorry, Ive broken this cup.
5 If I were you, Id go to the dentist s.
6 What do you think I should do?
think the film was too long. Yesy I agree.

The music was the best part. Yes, youre right

Ive lost your football..............
To say we feel the same we can use so + the auxiliary verb in the first statement.
How about...........................to the cinema?
A: I am tired.
B: So am I.
(= I am tired too.)
This film is good, isnt it? No, I dont think................................*
I have
B: So have I!
(= I have seen this film too.)
Sorry A:
about
the seen
mess.this
Itsfilm!
my.................................
If I you, Id stay at home today.
I If
really
lovestatement
this placehas
So............................V.
the first
no auxiliary, we use do in the answer.
me,
I
cant
get
in.
A: I like this film.
B: So do I.
(=
I
Whats your advice? What do you think I..................................do?
like
it
too.)
To agree with a negative statement we use neither in the same way:
A: Vm not tired.
B: Neither am I
A: I haven't seen this film.
B: Neither have I.
A: I don't like this film.
B: Neither do I.
(= I am not tired.)
(= I have not seen the film.)
Disagreeing
To disagree with someones opinion we can say I dont agree or I dont think so.
1
2
Whats your advice? d

a) aNeither
I. B: I don't agree. /1 don't think so - I liked it
A: That was
terribledo
film!
We say Excuse
theI.beginning of questions to strangers.
I really enjoy going to the beach.
b) meSoatdo
3
4
Who broke the window?

If I were you, Id use a dictionary.
c)
d)
Dont worry.
Why don't you talk to your teacher
I dont like doing homework!
e)
about it?
I did. Sorry!
174
Sorry, Ive lost your book.
f)
Good idea!
175
1 Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown. Do not change the meaning.
GRAMMAR
1 Can you describe Jack?

What Jack Look
...................................................like?
2 I apologize for being late.
Asking for a description and replying
Im.................................................................. ...............................................late.
3 Wheres the Apollo cinema? Question
Reply
Hes
very friendly.
Do you............................................................
....................to
the
Apollo
cinema?
Whats George like? Whats
Cairo
4 How are you today? Are you still
ill?like?
Its a big city.
How do.......................................................... ...................today? Are you still ill?
directions
5 Do you know the wayAsking
to
the cityfor
centre,
please? Write one word in each space.
Complete
the sentences.
Wheres
(the
bus
station)?
Could.............................................................
..............to
centre,
............ffiP. down
this streetthe
andcity
turn
right.please?
6 What s your opinion ofExcuse
Paris? me, do you know the way to (the bus station)?
Excuse
me, could you tell me the
How........................you
do?way (to the bus station)?
What...............................................................
Giving directions
Do
know
the Its
centre?
Goyou
down
thisthe.............................to
street and turn left / right
at the end of this street.
Bye! Ill........................you tomorrow.
Its on the left / on the right.
Im
late. / next to (the supermarket).
Its m
opposite
Making
Whatexcuses
is David............................?
Ym sorry fm late.
Hello,..........................are you? Fine, thanks
Im sorry Ym late, but (I missed the bus).
Could
you...........................me the way to Green Street?
Saying
goodbye
Bye!
Choose the most suitable reply (a-h) for the questions (1-8).
Bye for now!

What
doestomorrow.
Sam look like?
See you
.......?........
Greeting
and
to greetings
How do
youreplying
do?
..................
Wheres
the bus station? Reply
..................
Greeting
How do you do?
How do you do?
How do you feel?
..................
Hello, how are you? Fine, thanks.
Not so good. And you?
Howfordonow!
you feel?
Bye
How are you?
I feel fine / great

/ awful, etc.
..................
..................
Do you know the way to Paris? ........................................
(formal)
(informal)
69
GRAMMAR
(informal)
(formal)
Asking for information

Do you know the time?
Excuse me, could you tell me the time?
What does this mean, please?
(informal)
How do you say (...) in English?
(informal)
Thanks, Yd love to (go).
Replying
Vm sorry but (Im going to a party).

Vm afraid I cart.
accepting
refusing
Making an offer
Can I help (you)?
Shall I help (you)?
Asking
Can I (leave early)?
Is it all right if I (leave early)?
May I (leave early)?
178
Giving
Yes, you can.
Sure. That's
OK. Yes, you
may. Thats
Refusing
No, you cant.
Sorry, no. (informal)
Choose the best reply (a-f) for the questions (1-6).
What does this mean?
.......ft........
Would you like to play tennis tomorrow?
..................
Shall I help you with those books?
..................
Would you like some ice-cream?
..................
Do you mind if I sit here?
..................
Could you pass me the salt, please?
..................
Thats very kind of you. Thanks very much.

Thanks, but Id rather have a drink.
Why don t you use the dictionary?
Sure, here you are.
Im sorry, but Im afraid Im going to the cinema.
Thats fine, please do.
Rewrite each question beginning as shown. Do not change the meaning.
Let s go to the cinema.
How
to
CiftCW'Q?
Would you like a sandwich?

Do............................................................................................................................
Do you want to sit down?
Would......................................................................................................................
Can you open the window, please?
Would you mind.....................................................................................................
Do you want me to carry your bag?
Shall........................................................................................................................
...........................................
179
GRAMMAR
Underline the most suitable reply.
Preferences
prefer (tea) to (coffee).
Vd rather have (tea) than (coffee).
Promises
I'll be home at 8.30.
wont be late again!
Reminders
Don t forget to (bring your dictionary on Wednesday).
Remember to (bring your dictionary on Wednesday).
Making requests
Can you (open the window), please?
(informal)
Could you (open the window), please?

Would you mind (opening the window), please?
(formal)
Replying to requests
Can you ... / Could you ...?
Would you mind ...?
Of course. Sure.
(no answer; an action is enough)
Making suggestions
Shall we (go for a walk)?
Lets (go for a walk).
Why dont we (go for a walk)?
What about (goingfor a walk)?
How about (going for a walk)?
1 Do you want tea or coffee?
A I would have tea.
Warning
B
Id rather have tea.
A Sure.
3 Will you be late?
Yes, I could open.
A Ill be home at 8.00.

4 Do you have any ideas?
I come home at 8.00.
A We go to the cinema.
5 Shall we go to the shops?
Lets go to the cinema.
A Good idea.
6 Would you prefer pizza or pasta?
Yes, we shall.
I prefer pizza.
2 Could you open the door, please?
A Id prefer pizza.
How about
Could you Ill
Yd rather
Would you mind
Look out!
Shall
Of course
What ...ftbcui.t... going for a ride on our bikes?

Would you...........................opening the window?
you tell me the time, please?
How.........................having a party?
Look.........................! You might fall!
word or phrase once only.
wppfe .&.
Theres a bus coming, open the door

for me, please? playing tennis this
afternoon? ....be home before 10.00.
Dont worry........................
carrying these books? we listen
Can you help me? *.
...............................
to my new CD? have an orange

than a banana.
71
GRAMMAR 71 CALENDAR
Write the words as numbers.
The twenty-second of October.

GRAMMAR
Calendar
The first of January.
................
The nineteenth of August.
................
The fifth of June.

Dates
................
The thirtieth of September.

Writing
British English:
21 in09
................
Write the dates as words.
US:
11/2/09
2 November
Monday 2 November, 2009
November 2
Monday November 2,2009
Speaking
British English: the second of November, 2009 November the second, 2009
US:
November second
Years
Writing
Speaking
1945
nineteen forty-five
2009
two thousand and nine
Days
Days of the week
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday
I'll see you on Monday.
Other times
Future: tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week, next Monday
Past: yesterday, the day before yesterday\ last week, last Monday
Months
January, February, March, April, May, Juney July\ August, September, October,
November.; December
Short forms
Jan Feb Mar Apr Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
(May, June, July do not have short forms)
Month and time words
1 21/6 ..
2 19/3 ..
3 2/8
4 31/10
5 15/2
6 1/5
182
Season and time words

Future: next summer, etc. Past: last winter, etc.
7 20/1
8 16/11
Choose the correct word or phrase for each space.
Today is Monday. So Wednesday is .].

A the day before yesterday B the day after tomorrow
c yesterday
How do you say the year 2009?..................

A two thousand nine B twenty hundred nine c two thousand and nine
What are you going to do................?
A next summer B last summer c the summer
Ill talk to you again...............
A yesterday B last month c tomorrow
Its really cold here..................
A the winter B last winter c in the winter
I havent seen James since..............
A last Monday B next Monday c tomorrow
183
72
GRAMMAR 72 TIME
Write the times as numbers.

GRAMMAR
Time
1 8.45
2 7.00 am
Ten to nine.
.....
3 12.00 pm
A quarter past eleven.
...............
Parts of the day
4 2.30
in the
morning in the afternoon in the evening
at night
Twenty past
five.
...............
at midday (noon) at midnight
5 8.30 pm
6 2.56
A quarter to six.
...............
am and pm
7 12.00 am
8 1.35
midnight to midday = am
Twenty-five past eight.
1.00 am
midday to midnight = pm
4.45 pm
midnight =12.00 am
...............
midday =12.00 pm
24-hour clock
14.45 fourteen forty-five (=2.45 pm)
18.15 eighteen fifteen (=6.15 pm)
Telling the time

two
half past
Other numbers
1.11
eleven minutes past one
5.41
nineteen minutes to six
Write the times. Write one word in each space.
Digital system .......(a). ..

............to............nine
Seven oclock.................................................
1.10
one ten
2.15
two fifteen
Asking the time

Half.........................................
whats the time? Its three 0clock.
Half past eight................................................
What time is it? Its ten to eight.
184
We cannot say: They are six dck. X

Four.........................................three
185
CHECKPOINT 12
Units 67-72
I really love ice-cream! And I too. / So do L *

'What does Tony like / Whats Tony likeT Hes very friendly.
Im sorry Vm late / Excuse me that fm late.
Its half past three / thirty past three.
Im sorry the window is broken. It was my blame / my fault.
If I were you, I am going to the doctors / Yd go to the doctors.
Today is 20 of November / the 20th of November.
*What is Edinburgh like / How is Edinburgh? Its an interesting city.
Yes, you are.
Underline the correct reply.
I wouldnt love to.
Is it all right if I wait here?

A All right.
B Sure, thats OK.
Do you want to play basketball tonight?
A Fm afraid Im not.
B Sorry, I cant.
How do you do?
A I do fine.
B Very well, thanks.
Shall I help you with that?
A Yes, you will.
B Thanks a lot.
Do you mind if I leave my bike here?
A Of course.
B Fine thanks.
What s the time?
A Yes, it is.
B Five oclock.
How do you feel?
A Terrible!
B Yes, I do.
How do you do?
c
c Yes, you do.
c
c Go ahead.
c
c Yes, the time is.
Complete the sentences with one word in each space.
If I ....w.exr.........you, Id have a rest.

What s Helen...........................? Is she very friendly?
Excuse me, could you tell me the...............................to the police station?
.......................you like some orange juice? Or do you want some water?
Ive got a good idea..........................go to the park and play football.
186

Underline the correct word(s) in each sentence.
Do
feel like go / goinp to the theatre?
GRA
M you
MAR
Dont forget arriving / to arrive early tomorrow.
Punctuation
the for
reader
to How
understand
we write,
and is an important part of writing.
I havent helps
seen you
ages.
do youwhat
do / How
are you?
Thats heavy. Do / Shall I help you?
The film finishes / has finished at midnight.
Do you mind if I open / will open the window?
Basic punctuation
Symbol
Name
full stop
comma
Can you close the door, please?

Use
would
Example
end of .Cks.i-.KV
sentence
a sentence.
W.Qu-trt.- mvk.
.the.This
dw.r,.ispkflse?.......................................................
- in abbreviations
e.g.
Tell me about Paris.
separates clauses
If it rains, well get wet.
in lists.
May I close the door?
question mark
end of questions
It was darky wet and windy.

Whats your name?
like
mind
apostropheFull stops are often

- contractions
fm not
left out in Mr and Mrs.
It ishappy.
now also more common to leave out full stops in
possessives
Peters
room.
otherDo
abbreviations,
USA, E, am, pm.
you want to e.g.
go swimming?
feel
Exclamation mark
informal it's and its
for emphasis
Ive won!
The possessive
form
of it
is its.
Do you want
some
chocolate?
like
like its colour.
Correct the underlined words in each sentence.
Its isDo
theyou
contracted
form
it is or
know wav
to of
station
? it has.
It's a lovely day!
Let s meet three oclock.
It's rained three times this week.
What is the look of vour English teacher?
Apostrophe with o'clock.
Why dont you going to bed early?
Its six o'clock.
I think you should buy it now {I dont think. *
Could you telling me the way to the city centre?
How about you go to the theatre?
187
GRAMMAR 73 PUNCTUATION
Choose the sentence with the correct punctuation.
A Have you seen my pen, Im looking for it?

B Have you seen my pen Im looking for it?
c Have you seen my pen? Im looking for it. s
A We bought some oranges some apples and, a loaf.
B We bought some oranges, some apples and a loaf, c We
bought, some oranges, some apples, and a loaf.
A Whats the matter? with your bike, is it broken?
B Whats the matter? with your bike? Is it broken?
c Whats the matter with your bike? Is it broken?
A Two boys in football shirts ran across the playground.
B Two boys, in football shirts, ran, across the playground, c
Two boys in football shirts ran, across the playground.
A Go down this street turn left and then cross the road.
B Go down this street, turn left, and then cross the road, c Go
down, this street, turn left, and then, cross the road.
A Look out! Youll fall off the bus if youre not careful.
B Look out? Youll fall off the bus if, youre not careful, c
Look out youll fall off the bus, if youre not careful!
A First of all I think, this idea is wrong.
B First of all, I think, this idea is wrong, c
First of all, I think this idea is wrong.
A If I, were you, Id go to bed earlier.
B If I were you, Id go to bed earlier, c If
whats your name and where do you come from ( ' / ? / , )
Wow Annas won two prizes in the painting competition ( ' / ! / ! )
In the end Jack decided to go home he went back to the bus station bought an icecream and
waited for the next bus. (, /, / .)
189

Add apostrophes if necessary.
Its six o clock. Its time for the news.

It's, six. x>//>JLacifeIt'jSw
.fK.thd.we.w.,,
Ive decided to buy Jims old boots.

Whose books are these? Are they yours?
Sues borrowed Carols paints.
This new boats ours. Its got sails and oars.
My sisters are going to Janes party.
I think the dogs hurt one of its legs.
Wheres Helens brothers bike?
Correct each sentence or question. Write the punctuation where necessary.
whats the matter with Mrs Smiths dog
.WJrtflt's. .the. with. M r.$. .-SKftfcth's. dc>&?............

Carols got two brothers a sister and three cousins
Thats not yours Its mine
I bought some bananas two apples and some sandwiches
Dont worry The boys will borrow their friends bikes
Theres something wrong with Anns car
Have you seen the swimming pool Its fantastic
Its eight o clock Its time for the bus
Helen hasnt met Davids sister has she
Look at the tree Its leaves are a strange colour
190
GRAMMAR 73 PUNCTUATION
Add commas where necessary.

GRAMMAR
There was a big, red bus.
Spelling 1
We had meat potatoes and vegetables for lunch.
How He
to was
improve
your spelling
a tall handsome
man.
accommodation
address
advertisement
almost
answer
argument
Always use a dictionary to check the spelling of new words. Use the spelling of other words
youWe
know
help you.
tooktoa book
a penMake
and a lists
ruler.of the words you usually spell wrongly. When you come
across words which are difficult to spell, follow these four steps. First, look at the correct
My brother
sister and
mother
were
spelling.
Then cover
it. Next
write
the there.
word. Finally check your word.
beautiful
diary
beginning
Adding -ingdifferent
to verbs
Deardisappear
Miss Green
believe
One-syllable words which end in one vowel (a, e, i, 0, u) and one consonant - double the
biscuit
disappointed
last consonant.
Im writing to you to tell you that Steven isnt coming to
careful
chocolate swim
school today
because hes not feeling
very well
Hell be in
swimming
put
putting
class
on Friday
morning
If one
youd
likeand
totwo
talk
to me you
Compare
withagain
these words
with two
vowels or
vowel
consonants
which do not
can
call
me
at
home
When
15
the
last
day
of
term
double the consonant:
shoot
shooting
5est wishes John Roberts
lift
lifting
Two-syllable words which end in one vowel and one consonant - double the last consonant when
the stress is on the second syllable.
begin
beginning
control
controlling
Compare with these words with the stress on the first syllable:
wonder
wondering
threaten
threatening
Exceptions to this rule in British English are verbs ending in -1. travel
travelling
cancel
cancelling
Words which end in one vowel, one consonant and -e: drop the final -e.
write
writing
drive
driving
Words ending in -ful

The suffix -ful has only one -I.
beautiful
successful
When -ly is added for adverbs, there are then two -11s.
beautifully
successfully
191
75
GRAMMAR 74 SPELLING 1
-
Write new words. Use -ing, -ful or -ly.
swim + ing
write
..............................................
G R+Aing
MM
AR
begin + ing ..............................................
decide + ing ............................................
Spelling 2
5
6
7
8
Underline the correct spelling.
beauty
+ful
success
+ful
wonder
Wouldpronunciation,
you like some choclate
/ chocolate
?
Same
different
spelling
There are many words with the same pronunciation, but different spelling and different
Its a really
beautiful
/ beatifulofday
today.
meanings.
Check
the meanings
these
words.
Gerry awnsered / answered all the questions.
Could you give me your adress / address?
Were looking for accommodation / acommodation.
We missed the begining / beginning of the film.
We were almost / allmost late for the concert.
q and u
Helen
dissapointed
/ disappointed
when she
failed the exam.
The
letterwas
q isvery
always
followed by
u. question squid
acquire
There is one spelling error in each sentence. Correct the word.
I dont keleive that aliens have ever visited our planet.
Words with a syllable which is not pronounced
...fefcU&Vtt...
We pronounce some words without saying all the syllables. Check the pronunciation of these words.
Mary writes in her secret dairy every night.
..................
temperature
library
Wednesday
Would you like a chocolate buiscit? Theyre very tasty.
vegetable
interesting
comfortable
..................
Put your books in the cuboard at the end of the lesson.
..................
Nouns and verbs with c and 5
Noun:
adviceher clothes. practice
Helen
is still changeing
licence
Verb:
advise
practise
George and I go to diferrent schools.
license
Words often spelled wrongly 2
..................
..................
discuss
This
swimming pool isfruit
deepper than the other one.
..................
doctor
half
When I cut myself, there was a lot of blud on the floor!
February
hundred
..................
brake
know
break
no
foreign
immediately
hourSuddenly
our
the glass of water
disappeared / dissappearedl
fortunately
independent
meat
meet
past
passed
piece
right
write
steal
whose
week
wear
steel
whos
194
weak
where
see
there
won
wood
peace
sea
their
one
would
193
GRAMMAR
Spelling 3
George left at the end of February / Febuary.

Tim invited all his freinds /friends to his party.
often
spelled
wrongly 3
Hurry Words
up! Its half
past eight
/ eigth.
There were over three hunndred / hundred people at the concert.
We sat around the table and discussed / discused the problem.
More than harf/ half the students passed the exam.
The Little Princess used to be my favourite / faverite book.
Please bring me my lunch immediatly / immediately.
GB and
us
spelling
There are many differences between British and American spelling.
More than iettfty people needed accommodation.

Helen knows more than ten forein languages.
..................
We had a light lunch of friut and salad.
..................
Tim crashed into a tree, but fortunatly he wasnt injured.
..................
Can I have something to eat? Im really hungrey.
..................
All Tinas friends visited her in hospittal when she was ill. .............................................
Make a gess if you dont know the answer.
..................
We really enjoied ourselves at the party last night.
..................
If your shoes are derty, take them off at the door.
..................
Let me introduce you to the other members of my familly. .............................................

village
Wednesday
where
which
library
minute
mountain
necessary
said
science
should
success
neighbour
swimming
wonderful
receive
remember
tomorrow
uncomfortable
writing
written
right
British
centre
colour
American
center
color
195
defence
defense
dialogue
jewellery
neighbour
practise (verb)
dialog
jewelry
neighbor
practice
programme
theatre
traveller
program
theater
traveler
tyre
tire
Task
Keep a list of the words you often spell wrongly.
Have you been to the library / libary?

Ill see you on Wenesday / Wednesday.
Is it really neccessary / necessary to do this?
This new chair is really very uncomfortable / uncomfortible.
Helen has decided to become a sceintist / scientist.
Witch / Which one of you is Mrs Henley?
Will Jack be here tommorrow / tomorrow?
What do you think of our new neighbours / neiboursi
I dont think you 3houd do so much unnecessary work.
...S.hftWiW.
We discussed the possibility of going swiming tomorrow. ...........................................

Theres an interesting programe on television tonight.
................
I havent writen to my aunt to thank her for her invitation. ..........................................

I became a succesful businessman after studying economics........................................
Were goeing on holliday to France with some old friends.
Did you rember to do your sience homework on Wednesday?
While we were chooseing our meal, the waiter brougth some water.
Im writting a letter to my penfreind with all my news.
I had a wonderfull journy to the mountains with my friends.

The first astronauts succesfully landded on the moon in 1969.
197
77
GRAMMAR
Prefixes
A prefix goes at the front of a word to make a new word. It changes the meaning of the word.
interesting
uninteresting
like
dislike
The prefixes: dis-, un-, and im-
usually mean: not
The prefix: re-
usually means: again
Suffixes
A suffix goes at the end of a word to make a new word. It changes the grammar of the word.
danger (noun) dangerous (adjective) care
(noun) careful (adjective)
Phrasal verbs
Phrasal verbs can be difficult to remember. It is a good idea to keep a list of all the new
phrasal verbs you see.
fill in (an application form)
look something up (ina dictionary)
get up (in the morning)
switch/turn on/off
grow up
take off (a plane)
look after (a child)
take part in
look forward to (an event)
try on (a dress)
(lights /
computer)
Prepositions after adjectives and verbs

Keep a list of adjectives and verbs and the prepositions we use with them.
Compound words
We can make new words by joining a noun with another noun, to show what a place or a thing is
for, or what it is part of. bath + room = bathroom camp + site = campsite
have, make, go, do, take

have dinner
make a mistake
have a shower make a cake
198
make a noise
make friends
make
an
excuse
go shopping
do the shopping
go swimming do the ironing
take a photo
-ing -ed
-ance -ful
-able -ly
-ets -er
1 Dont stand near the water! Its danger/?. 1^....................

,,. You might fall in!
GRAMMAR 77 PREFIXES, SUFFIXES, PHRASAL VERBS, COMPOUND WORDS
Write a prefix from the box in the space. You can use a prefix more than once.
4 Match each sentence half (1-10) with an ending (a-j).
dis- un- im- reI cant answer this question. Its.......................impossible.

Kate started crying because she was so..............................happy.
Paul never waits in queues. He is too.................................patient.
Stealing other peoples pens is...............................honest!
A million pounds was given to the hospital by a/an...................................known person.
2 Write a suffix from the box in the space. Use each suffix once only.
1 When little Johnny grows..............f..

2 Dont forget to turn.......................
3 Can I try.....................
4 Mary always takes......................

Thank you for your advice. You have been very help...........................
5 What time do you usually get...........
6 Jim is really looking......................
Our new science teach.............................is very young.
7 If you dont know a word, look it
8 Will you look...................... Harry didnt think the book was very interest........................................
9 The plane took......................
10 Could you fill...................... I dont like this fish. Its not very well cook................................
I like this town. The people are very friend..................................
a) off more than two hours late.
b) after my cat while Im away?
If you have a haircut, it will change your appear..................................
That was a great film! It was really enjoy....................................
Do you believe for / in ghosts?

Dave is very good at /for tennis.
199
c) forward to his holiday in Spain.

d) up at the weekend?
e) in this application form, please?
f) up, he wants to be a pilot.
g) off the lights when you leave.
h) on these trousers please?
i) part in class activities.
j) up in a good dictionary.
TTCTTTT
book
ground
home
motor
sea
suit
rain
5 Choose a word from the box to complete each sentence.
1 Tim is in the.............bathroom having a shower.

The weather is really bad, so take your umbrella and wear a
coat.
Our teacher didnt give us any..............................work today.
Peter packed his............................case and left the hotel.
We went on holiday to the..............................side and swam every day.
I went to the............................shop to buy a new dictionary.
The children went to the play...............................to have a game of
200
GRAMMAR 77 PREFIXES, SUFFIXES, PHRASAL VERBS, COMPOUND WORDS

Complete each sentence with a word made from two words in the box.
ache arm bed bell
bef
box chair cloth days door
farm hand head house life post school table time writing
The sailors were rescued from the sinking ship by a ..tiQ&....
Make sure you put all the letters in the........................................
Its 11.00, and thats past your......................................! Time to go to sleep!
Everyone says that your.................................are the best time of your life.
Someone is ringing the...................................Can you let them in?
Youll need the..................................
some knives and forks and six plates.
The Thompson family live in a large.....................................in the country.

David had a bad................................, so he took two aspirins.
Im sorry, but I cant read your......................................
Gina enjoys sitting in her comfortable.........................................
Would you like to .. for a walk later?

A go
B have
c make
Martin said he couldnt come and...................an excuse.

A did
B made
c took
Sue friends with the family next door.

A did
B made
c took
fm going to.............a bath now.

A have
B make
c go
Did you.............shopping yesterday?

A do
B go
c make
201
CHECKPOINT 13
Units 73-77
Choose the sentence with the correct punctuation.
A This ones yours, but whos got theirs?

B This ones yours but whos got theirs?
c This ones yours, but whos got theirs? s
A We got up late, had lunch, and watched television.
B We got up, late had lunch, and watched television, c We
got up late, had lunch and watched, television.
A Whats the matter with Davids bike?
B Whats the matter with Davids bike? c Whats the
matter, with Davidss bike?
A At the end of the film, we found the boys coats under the seats. B At the
end, of the film, we found the boys coat s under the seats, c At the end of
the film we found, the boys coats under the seats.
A If I were you, Yd stop using yours and try hers.
B If I, were you, Id stop using your s and try hers,
c If I were you, rd stop using yours and try hers.
A Jacks brothers names Paul, isnt it?
B Jacks brothers names Paul, isnt it? c
Jacks brothers, names Paul, isnt it?
A If any letter s come here, Ill bring them, to Sams house.
B If any letters come here, Ill bring them to Samss house, c If
202

There are two spelling errors in each sentence. Correct both words.
It was a lovly afternoon, so we decided to spend the day at the beech.

lyelu
beach
The holiday was so succesful that we plan to go agian next summer.
I have seen an advertisment for some holiday accomodation in the

countryside.
This answer isnt quite write. I believe it should be diferent.
Last Febuary I had a wonderful time staying in my friend s vilage.
My advise would be to discuss the problem with youre doctor.
There are two spelling errors in each sentence. Write each sentence correctly.
I was very dissapointed when I couldnt awnser the questions.
.j.MR&v.zyfy.di'&QWiCiitoMyA.........................................................................
A diming holiday is diferent, but its a bit dangerous.
Fortunately, all Helens freinds remebered her birthday.
Peter trys to learn a new foriegn language every year.
Are you comeing with us to the cinema tommorow?
Do you beleive that people can travell through time?
Jim has just writen two leters to his uncle.
Oh bother! Ive forgoten my keays. Ill have to go back.
Carol likes walking in the countrey and seeing wild annimals.
Which is your faverite avertisement on television?
203

Write one word in each space.
Dear' Jim

Id like to try..................9X.. these shoes, please.

Tom grew...........................in France.
am (1) A o el you lhal I A/i7 be able io come io lunch with your family next (2)
Mary is looking.............................to her party.
The (3) ..... is my cai is very ill and I have lo lake /l/'4 (4) ...................... Ike e. I hawe
Why dont you look the word.................................in the dictionary?
asked fny dad and he says he (5) ................ lake her, bui he has l go io the denlisl
ai the same i/me
(6)in...........
samegot............................yet.
day. Wkal a pain! I cat i7 ask my MUM
Jack and
is still
bed. Hethe
hasnt
as she is afraid (7) .......... cals and woni go near Tibbies.
What
time
does
our plane
take...............................?
would oe !o
come,
bui
maybe
lA/hen
you haue a party I will be ikere.
Best (8) .....
Simon
Anna looked............................her dog for an hour, but couldnt find it.

I can t see. Can you turn.............................the light?
Complete each sentence with a word made from the word in brackets.
If the word is important, (line)
it.
Thank you for inviting me. It was an (enjoy)................................................evening.

I enjoyed this programme. It was really (interest)...........................................
Harry was (honest)......................................and stole his friends money.
1 A
2 A
3 A
writing
Wensday
problem
4 A
5 A
6 A
7 A
8 A
see
will
on
for
whishes
Thank you very much. Youve

been
very (help)..............................................
B writting
write
c to
A go
B have
c stay
B Wendsday
c Wednesday
B peroblem
We stayed in a................on courproblim
holiday.
Think about
grammar!
B to see
c seeing
B wouldnt
c would
A beach
B hotel
c country
B of
for
c
You can put a question mark anywhere in a sentence.
B ofJane is learning a new.............language.
c at
B wishers
c wishes
A foregn
B forein
c foreign
Go down the street and turn right...................the post office.

A in
B on
c at
Can I have a..............of cake, please?

A piece
204
B peace
c peas
205
VOCABULARY 1 PERSONAL DETAILS

4 Choose the most suitable word for each space.
VOCABULARY
1 Whats Tim like? Hes ,T, .

A high B tall
c big
2 Ann.......glasses.
A uses B carries
c wears
Underline the correct word or phrase in each question.
3 Janes only nine. Shes..........

A young B modern
4 Can you.......Peter?
A describe B look
Whats your name / What do you call?

c new
How old / age are you?
c appear
Where do you stay / live?
Whats your house / address?
Which country do you come / live from?
Whats your date of birthday / birth?
How long do you want to stay / pass here?
Have you got a work /job?
Match the answers below to the questions in exercise 1.
1146, Black Lion Drive
........it........
Three weeks
..................
Im nineteen.
..................
In Los Angeles
..................
No, Im a student.
..................
The United States
..................
Ann-Marie Davis
..................
3 November, 1992
..................
5 How many brothers and sisters ..
... you got?
c are
A do B have
6 Are you.......?
c student
A study B a student
Where do you........from?
c come
A arrive B do
What colour........your hair?
c are
A has B is
9 Are you.......or single?
A doubled B married
I.....sixteen years old.
c marriage
1
0 A have B get
1 James has.......a beard.
1 A wears B got
c am
c carries
12....your address?
c Wheres
A What B Whats
13What does Lucy look.........?
c like
A after B alike
Write one suitable word in each space.
I was.............b.QX.Me.... in London.
My family left the UK when I was a................................I was only six.
Both my...........................worked in a university in Montreal, Canada.
I
up there and I really enjoyed it.
Most people there........................French, so I learned it too.

When I was 10 we moved to France and we..................................two years in Lyon.
207
2
VOCABULARY
Family matters
Look at the family tree. Write the answers.
Jack
Jane
Tom
Who
Bill
are
Jack
David
Sue
and
Janes
children?
TP.Y&4.1l.&YM.$.U'6
208
Who are Tom, Bill and Sues parents?
....................................
Who are Jack and Janes sons?
....................................
Who is Jack and Janes daughter?
....................................
Who is Toms brother?
....................................
Who is Tom and Bills sister?
....................................
Who is Sues husband?
....................................
Who is Jacks wife?
....................................
Who is Alan and Mary s father?
....................................
Who is Alan and Marys grandfather?
....................................
Who is Alan and Mary s mother?
....................................
Who is Alan and Marys grandmother?
....................................
1
5
8
Jack is Janes ...

Tom is Jacks ...
Sue is Mary s ...
2
3
4
Mary is Alans ...

Sue is Jacks ...
David is Mary s ...
10 Jack is Alans ...
6
7
Tom is Bills ...

Sue and David are Mary and Alans
Jane is Jacks ...
VOCABULARY 2 FAMILY MATTERS
3 Use the family tree on page 208 to answer the clues and complete the
Clues
Across
Down
4 Complete each sentence. Use a word from the box.
brother children daughter husband sister son twins wife

Ted and Alice were happy when Emily, their daughtgjr, was born.
Harry asked Ann to be his............................., and they got married six months later.
Jim and Marys.........................., David, was their second child.
Richard and Stephen are................................, but they dont look exactly the same.
Mark and his............................Sue went shopping with their mother.
209
VOCABULARY 3 FREE TIME

V O CWhai
A B U Ldo
A Ryou
Y like doing besi (1) & your*
spare lime? My
Choose the most suitable use (1-8) for each picture (a-h).
a)
(8 .... ai home.
)
cousin Paul likes going (2) ......... in ihe counify and (3) ...........phoios.
1 A for
B when
c in
D at
2
3
A for walks
A making
B walks
B having
c a walk
c taking
D to walk
D doing
4
5
6
7
8
A travels
A enjoy
A have
A interested
A other
B gets up
B hobby
B make
B out
B time
c sees
c go
c do
c decided
c people
D
D
D
D
D
goes out
have fun
like
keen
money

f)
1 You need a pencil if you want to make a .

A painting
B planning
c drawing
2 Kates mother thinks that skateboarding is.................

A danger
3
4
B dangerous
Sarah has a wonderful
c in danger
....collection.
A stamping
B stamp
taking photos
Does your sister play ...
?
doing the
housework ...................................
B pianos
c a piano
A the piano
5 Carol writes pop.........in her spare time.

listening to music
A songs
B sings
c stamps
.......J.........
..................
c singing
Harry
spends a lot of time..................
playing..............
playing
the piano
A computer s games
B games of computer
waking up
..................
washing your hair
..................
c computer games
watching television .....................................

painting a wall
..................
Are you interested for / in photography?

211
ceiling
chair
4
light
door floor wall window
radiator
VOCABULARY
Rooms
................6
........................7
........................8
Choose the most suitable word for each sentence.
kitchen dining room bedroom living room bathroom study

You usually sleep in this room.
212
.J?MCWir.
You sit at your desk in this room.
..................
You sit on the sofa and watch television in this room.
..................
A place
2
3
4
5
A
A
A
A
A
6
7 A
living room
door
bed
wall
furniture
an office
8 A cupboard
9 A live
10 A hostel
B space
c floors
D area
B bedsit
D saloon
c cottage
B mirror
D window
VOCABULARY 4 ROOMS
c curtain
B chair
D
walls
c bookcase
B floor
Underline
the correct word c
in window
each sentence. D ceiling
B table
D central heating
armchair
Dont forget to turn o f f /c close
the light when you leave.
B a library
c a desk
D a study
B you
curtain
c carpet
Can
shut stop the door?
Its cold in here. D wardrobe
B part
c share
D double
B and
home
D accommodation
Jim
Tina usually havec /get
lunch
in
the
kitchen.
college
Our house is dirty because nobody likes making / doing housework.

Someone is hitting / knocking at the door.
Why don t you put / take a picture on this wall?
Can you open / turn on the light? I can t see.
Tom is living / staying with his sister for a few days.
Complete each sentence. Use a word from the box.
armchair bathroom ceiling desk floor furniture upstairs window

Our house has two floors, and my bedroom is
If I stand on a chair, I can touch the..................................

Peter does his homework at his...............................in his bedroom.
I cant move in your room! There is too much......................................
From my...........................
I can see the park at the end of the
street.
Kate dropped
a glass on the......................and it broke.
Jack is in the..............................Hes taking a shower.
213
VOCABULARY 5 PLACES
Excuse me, how do I
to the post office from here?
VOCABULARY
VOCABULARY
A find
B get
Jobs
c come
When
you
come name
to the end
of theplace.
street, turn.......................
Choose
the
correct
for each
bakers
bank
butchers
A to
lefteach sentence.
Underline
theleft
correct wordB in
greengrocers
c the left
chemists
Could you tell me the to the bus station, please?

Mark works for an Australian job / company.
A road
B direction
c way
Ann got a job in an office as a typewriter / typist.

I dont know where we are. Im completely....................
block of flats
police station
When I had toothache I went to the doctors / dentists.

c absent
station A lost cinema B missedhotel
library
Choose the best ending (a-h) for each sentence (1-8).
restaurant
theatre
the next turning on the right.
A Make
B Go
c Take
4 Choose the correct name for each place.
You can buy fresh fruit and vegetables here.

You can ask for help here.
You can put money in your account here.
You can stay here.
............................
..............................
You can buy things outside in the street here.

You can borrow books from here.
............................
..............................
You can buy medicine here.

You can watch a film here.
............................
..............................
You can buy bread and cakes here.

You can catch a train here.
............................
..............................
You can buy meat here.
............................
You can buy stamps, and send letters here.
............................
You can buy magazines and sweets here.
............................
Have you been to Grimton? Its not a very nice part / place.
1 The mechanic ' "
2 The carpenter
XItsa)good
milked
the away
cows.from the city and visit the field / country.
to get
\ b) sent the thief to prison.
3 The vet
4 The judge
1 c) gave Lisa some medicine for her sick cat.

\ d) brought Ann a drink on a tray.
5 The plumber
6 The farmer
7 The tailor
\ e) repaired the table and chairs.

\ f) made Pauls new suit.
^ g) repaired my car.
215
8 The steward
actor
architect
nurse
sailor
h) fixed the broken pipe in the bathroom.

electrician gardener
lawyer
musician
scientist soldier
Sams new house was designed by a well-known

After he was arrested, Paul was allowed to phone his...........................................
Being a/an...............................is enjoyable, until there is a war.
A/an.................................looked after Bob when he was in hospital.
When all the lights went out, the manager called a/an...........................................
Once a week, a/an........................................................comes and cuts the grass.
216
1 My dad helps children learn things.
te a c, V\ t r
2 This person helps people who are ill.
3 He/She performs in the theatre, on TV or in films.
a_______
4 This person sells things in shops.
sa
VOCABULARY 6 JOBS
5 I study in a university.4 Read these descriptions of jobs and

s complete the words.
6 This person writes books and plays.
7 My cousin looks after peoples teeth.
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
He makes houses and other offices.

A job
B work
A is
B work
A cooker
B cook
A sign
B notice
A
A
A
A
A
A
experience
doctor
interview
give
referee
company
c
c
c
c
b
employment
works
cooks
advertisement
B past
c previous
B manager
c dentist
B review
c references
5 Choose
the most suitable word
for each space.
B offered
c told
B references
c review
B job
c cooker
My sister has got a new
(1) . A . in a hospital. She's not a nurse
or a doctor. She (2)..........in the kitchen, she's a (3)....................She prepares
special food for the patients in the hospital.
She saw an (4)............in the paper, and wrote a letter telling them
about her work cooking for people in a vegetarian restaurant. She
has lots of (5)..........working in a kitchen. The hospital (6)...................asked
her to come for an (7)................They liked her very much, but before
they (8).........her the job, they checked her (9)....................
She loves her new job and says that cooking for patients in a hospital is
much better than working in
a small (10)...........................................
217
7
VOCABULARY
1 Match a word from the box to each item (1 -8).
218
VOCABULARY 7 INSIDE THE HOUSE

Choose the things you usually find in each room.
kitchen
fridge D
@ cooker
B sofa B
c bath c
bedroom A
blanket
dustbin B
wardrobe c
pillow D table
armchair B
carpet c
D shower D
television B
bookshelf c
cooker D
desk B bath
bookshelf c
wardrobe
living-room
A bed
bathroom A
mirror
chair
study A bed
To stop the light coming in the window we need some A

A curtains
B radiators
c shelves
Its very cold. Why dont you turn on the..................?

A central heating
B cooker
c stove
In the evening I like to relax in...................

A a chair
B a seat
c an armchair
Laura sat at her..............and turned on her computer.

A study
B desk
c office
My school books are in the................in the living room.
219
VOCABULARY 8 FOOD AND DRINK
breakfast
take-away
dinnersentence.
food
lunch
meal
2 Complete each
Use a word
from the box.
menu
picnic
3nack
course
VOCABULARY
Food and drink
When I get hungry and feel like a ...w#te... I eat an apple.

The waiter gave us the............................and
we chose our meals.
straw tray
You can eat soup with this.
SpOOIA,
A good...........................is the best way of starting the
day.
You can suck drinks through this.
Peter has to take medicine an hour before every......................................
Im meeting Carol for...............................at 1.30, so Ill be back late this afternoon.
is served every evening in the hotel dining room.
Michael really loves Greek................................
We took some fruit and sandwiches and had a...................................on the beach.
Helen didnt have time to cook so she phoned for a......................................
After the starter we ordered our main......................................
Boil / Cook some water, and pour it into the cup.

We usually bake / f r y the fish in oil.
4 Choose the most suitable word for each description.
some biscuits
a salad
220
some bread
a sausage
skvt spaghetti
a chicken some chips

some spaghetti
some fruit
9
VOCABULARY
1 Match a word from the box to each item (1-8).
You put food on this and eat from it.
You can carry things on this.

bird cat chicken dog fish horse lizard monkey
ors
You
can cut 5meat with this.
6
.................................... 7
You drink tea or coffee from this.

.................................... 8
222
221
1 Dont worry! The dog wont........................you.

2 Monkeys can.......... ...........from one tree to another.
3 Fish cant................. ....out of water.
VOCABULARY 9 ANIMALS
4 Parrots.................... . a lot of noise.

5 Not many people Underline the correct word in each sentence.
6 Most birds.............. .....Can
in the
youmorning.
take / run the dog for a walk, please?
7 Cats usually............ .........at night and sleep during the day.
This to.........................a
is my pet / toy lizard,
Larry.
8 You can use a net or a hook
fish.
9 Can you.................. ... ahorse?
When someone knocks at the door, the dog shouts / barks.
1 Lets got to the park and........................the ducks.
0
Some birds can run / f l y for thousands of kilometres.
Lions and tigers are wild / country animals.
Do you know how to ride / drive a horse?
Monkeys are good at climbing / living trees.
Helen has two birds, and feeds / eats them every day.
a) laid an egg in the kitchen.
A small blue fish I
2
3
The fat white cat

The friendly horse
b) barked when I knocked at the door.

c) was green and two metres long.
4
5
6
7
8
9
Mickey Mouse
Suddenly a small bird
Mary s pet chicken
A large black dog
The snake
The monkey
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
1
0
The small green lizard
j) was the star of many cartoons.
took the nuts and ran away.

flew across the garden.
went to sleep on the armchair.
ate some grass from Tims hand.
lay asleep on the rock in the sun.
was swimming in the glass bowl.
4 Choose the best ending (a-j) for each sentence (1-10).
223
VOCABULARY
1 Look at the picture and read the descriptions. Write the names.
Shes middle-aged and shes wearing a skirt.
.....C&X.
Hes got a beard.
...........................
Shes got long hair and glasses.
...........................
Hes wearing jeans and a pullover.
...........................
Shes wearing a tracksuit.
...........................
Hes wearing a suit.
...........................
belt costume earring glove hat overcoat soek underwear
224
You put one of these on each foot.
.....
You wear this over your clothes in cold weather.
..............
You wear this on your head.
..............
This stops your trousers falling down.
..............
You wear this in your ear.
..............
1 Maria usually A sports clothes.

A wears B carries
2 I dont like these shoes. They hurt my..............
c dresses
c feet
A hands B arms
VOCABULARY 10 CLOTHES
3 Peter always wears a3 tie

and a white.............
Choose
the most suitable word or phrase for each space.
c skirt
A shirt B blouse
4 Helen went to the shops and bought...............
A a trouser B a pair of trousers
5 David has decided to buy............
A a new doth B a new dress
c two trousers
c new clothes
6 This coat is the wrong............Its too big.

A size B large
7 Your clothes are wet! I think you should.............

A dress B take
8 When its hot, I usually wear...........and a t-shirt.
c number
them off.
c wear
c short ones
A shorts B a short
9 I want to buy a new pair of............
A earring B ring
1 Its very cold outside. You must...........on your coat.

0
A take B put
c earrings
c wear
assistant bargain counter customer label Sftle size shoplifter

Peter bought his jacket cheap in a...................SflU......
These shoes are............................44. Are they big enough for you?
Kevin left his wallet on the.............................when he paid for his trousers.
Thesays this dress is size 10, but I think its smaller.
Jane forgot to pay for the shirt, and she was arrested for being a........................................
225
VOCABULARY 11 WEATHER
4 Choose the most suitable word for each space.
VOCABULARY
Weather
1
A day
A hot
3
4
A watery
A booming
5
6
A
A
A
A
7
8
9 A
1 A
0
raining
wet
sunshine
cloud
wet
iced
B weather
weeks
B rainy
cold
Choose the most suitable description (1-6) for each picture (a-f).
Hi B
Graham
cloudy
c weathery
We have just come back from our summer holiday in France. During the first week the (1)
B raining
Its hot.
................
cwaslightning
terrible. Everyone said that summer in the south of
France
would be (2)...............and
B snow
c cloudysunny, but it wasn't. Every day was (3).......................and
one dayIts
wesnowing.
had a thunderstorm.
......................................
B windy
wind It was very exciting, but the dog didn't like the (4) or the
thunder. It was very loud!c
B sunburn
c sunnygot better. It stopped (5) all the time and
In the
second week the weather
theBsun
came
out. It wascstillwind
quite.................
(6)....................on the beach, but that was OK
rain
Its
windy.
because sometimes it got too hot. My brother got (7)............................on his back because
snow
c sun
he B
fell asleep - it wasn't too
bad though. One day we flew our kites from the
snowbut
topBof freezing
a Its
hill.raining.
That was great
the (8)........................blew and broke mum's kite.
.................
c fun,
She was very cross.
We came home yesterday on the boat. It was very (9)..........................and not very nice
at all. My dad said that next year we could go to Iceland for our holiday - I
don't think I want to because I'm sure it would be (10)..........................and I prefer sunny
holidays!
Keep in touch
Jane
The sky was full of dark clouds / rain.

Before the storm started, we heard booming/ thunder.
It was very cold and the river was frozen / iced.
It wont rain for a long time. Its only a shower / bath.
When the wind whistlers / blows, all the trees move.
We sat on the beach and enjoyed the sunshine / sunburn.
It started raining, and everyone got watery / wet.
During the storm the sky lit up with rain / lightning.
freezing lightning rain raining
snowing sunny windy
As its ..K&VKVkfl#., take your umbrella.

226
If its.........................tomorrow, well go to the beach.
227
12
arm
VOCABULARY 12 THE BODY
ear eye the

footcorrect
hand word in each sentence.
head leg
Underline
Horses have got four legs / arms.

1 Peter broke his...........(0......and couldnt walk for
V O C A Bbody
The
ULARY
waist
a month.
The little girl was holding her mother s foot / hand.

When David met Mrs Greenwood, he shook her
3 I tried on the shoe but

my.........................got
stuck!
Tony
always lies on his back
/ head when he sleeps.
1 Match a word from the box to each part of the body (1-10).
Gina has beautiful long ears / hair.

Jack has got a cold and his knee / nose is red.
1 You..........
... with your foot.
A laugh
B click
c kick
2 You................. ... with your teeth.

A stamp
B bite
c smell
3 You................. ... with your finger.

A point
B smell
c wink
I cant see! Ive got something in my...................................
4 You................. .... with your nose.
A blink
B kick
c smell
The teacher was carrying a lot of books under his....................................
5 You................. ... with one eye.
A point
B wink
c bitebecause my...............................is getting bigger!
I need new trousers,
6 You................. .... with both eyes.

Myfeels cold incwinter,
B kiss
shout so I wear a hat.
A blink
hair
5
....................................7
....................................8
....................................9
....................................10
228
229
VOCABULARY
Staying healthy
I can t see! There is something wrong with my left ear / eve.

I couldnt wash because there wasnt any soap / soup.
The doctor told me that I have to have / do an operation.
These shoes are too small for me. Ive got wide. feet / legs.
I didnt go to school because I had cold / a cold.
Ive got a 3:. in my leg.
A hurt
B pain
c damage
Tom was very ill, and had to go to..................

A hospital
B medicine
c doctor
George broke his leg in a/an....................

A chance
B problem
c accident
Kate had a.............of 41c.

A temperature
B heat
c thermometer
Ellen stayed at home because she didnt feel very.....................

A ill
B well
c better
Little Jimmy was crying because he had a/an......................

A ill ear
230
B earache
c ear pain
bush
beach
fence
field
field
flower
15
forest
hill
lake
island
u: n
Stream
tree
VOCABULARY 14THE WORLD AROUND us

VOCABULARY 13 STAYING HEALTHY
mountain
river
sea

Go along this road and up the hiU / mountain at the end.
VOC
A B U Lbroken
A R Y dangerous fit healthy injured sore well
bleeding
VWe
OC
ABULA
R Y the river / stream by boat to the sea.
travelled
down
The
world diet
around
A ..o&Miy...
includes lotsus
of fruit and vegetables.
Transport
Beside the road there were fields / gardens full of animals and plants.
John is very ill and wont come to school until he is......................................
Underline
the
worda in
each
sentence.
hercorrect
holiday
Greek
island(1-8).
/ land.
1Helen
Matchspent
a word
from
theon
boxsmall
to each
picture
The bus to the shops leaves from the station / stop outside our house.
Helens leg was...........................so the doctor put it in plaster for a month.
The boys camped next to a small lake / ocean in Scotland.
Sue got into / onto her car and drove away.
It is.........................to take more than four of these tablets in 24 hours.
The children enjoyed playing on the beach / seaside.
Enjoy your travel / trip\ f 11 see you next week!
his village
hand and
its...................................
KateGeorge
stayed has
in acut
small
in the
country / outside.
Its much quicker to go by / on foot.
4 From
Matchthe
a word
from could
the box
each
picture
ship, Mark
seetothe
distant
coast(1-8).
/ side of France.
rd like a back / return ticket to London, please.
2 Choose the most suitable word or phrase for each space.
Sarah spent the summer at/ on / to an island.
1 There was a notice at the airport which said, to Greece.

A Well come B Well5 came
c Welcome
2 We missed the train so we decided to ...
.. a bus.
c have
couldnt cross the ...y.p..............because there wasnt a bridge.
3 Jims......to Argentina leftWe
at 6.00.
A go B get
c flying
At the back of the farm was a large..............................with five horses.
4 As the bus left, Helens friends said, Have a good..............
*
A fly B flight
c voyage
Most fish live in the...............................
5 Carol.......to Birmingham on the motorway.
A journey B travel
Maria climbed the.............................and

looked down from the top.
c led
Excuse me. What time does this train ..
London?
A ran B drove
The hill was covered with a thick................................of tall trees.

c come
h 11
5
Could
you
tell
me
the..........to
the
bus
station?
7
A arrive B reach
..........................6
c way
....................................7
8 I got on the bus and bought my.............
....................................8
A ticket B paper
c cheque
A street B path
Complete each sentence using a word from Exercise 1, in singular or plural.
In the front garden, there are a few small
. with white flowers.
We swam from one side of the.............................to the other.

The dog
jumped over
bacfe
ao
5 the...........................at the end of the garden and ran away.
Alex6 got in the window by climbing up the.............................which grew next to the house.
....................................7
....................................8
We could see some cows eating grass in the.................................
233
232
231
9 If you dont have a ticket, you might be
VOCABULARY 15 TRANSPORT
......
the box to the pictures (1-8).

A penaltied B fined 3 Match the words from
c refused
1 Sarah never travels by plane
because
she
is
scared
of................
VOCABULARY
0
A flying B flights
c flight
bike
boat
tin opener
Useful things
assaS
feus
car
calculator
DVD player
plane
ship
taxi
train
1 Match a word from the box to each picture (1-8).
dishwasher
MP3 player
camera
mobile phone
kettle
b&s.............................5
6
....................................7
....................................8
Complete each sentence. Use the words from Exercise 3.
When the
took off, Tom felt nervous.
Anns..........................broke down while she was driving on the motorway.

Peter enjoyed his voyage across the Atlantic in an old sailing.......................................
calculator
5
Tina got off her............................and pushed it up the hill.
6
....................................7
Carlos saw the sights of London from the top of a double-decker.................................

236
234
....................................8
235
VOCABULARY 16 USEFUL THINGS

Choose the most suitable word from the box in Exercise 1.
VOC
A Bcan
U Luse
A Rthis
Y to watch your favourite films.
You
You can use this to open cans.

Other
countries
You can take interesting photos with this.
You can make calls from this, wherever you are.

You usually need a passport / permission to go from one country to another.
Have you ever been to a stranger /foreign country?
You can do the washing-up with this.
Europe and Asia are both countries / continents.
Havehelps
you got
plan problems
of Germany?
This
youaifmap
you/have
with maths.
We all enjoy singing / eating our National Anthem.
You can take music with you everywhere with this.
Most people would like to travel outside / abroad.
What is your national meal / dish? Ours is spaghetti!
This boils water for you.
Ive always wanted to take a trip / travel to South America.
The plane the
takescorrect
off/ takes
on in
at each
midday.
Underline
word
sentence.
Thepen
Alps
and the
are you
bothgot
mountain
areas / ranges.
My
/ pencil
is Himalayas
broken. Have
a sharpener?
Complete each sentence with in, to or at.
Ann couldnt cut Marys hair because she didnt have any knife / scissors.
Have
been.........................Turkey?
We
canyou
t getever
in. The
door is locked / closedy and I havent got a key.
When the lights went out / closed, Jan couldnt see a thing.
come from
France.
Put the dirty clothes in the Iwashing/
wash
machine.
Dave has got a bad cold and
needsfrom
someGreece.
tissues / papers.
I come
1 Im
2 Im
3
Im
Im
Im
I come from Brazil.

I come from Switzerland.
6 Im
7
Im
8 Im
9
Im
1 Im
0
238
237
1 Norway
a)
The Dutch
2 Hungary
b)
The Norwegians
3 Mexico
c)
The Swedes
d)
The Scots
e)
The Mexicans
f)
The Hungarians
g)
The Irish
18
4 Holland
5 Ireland
6 Sweden
7 Egypt
VOCABULARY 17 OTHER COUNTRIES
VOCABULARY
8 Scotland
h) The
Match the countries
(1Egyptians
-8) with the people (a-h).
In the classroom
I have to read / study hard because I have a test tomorrow.

If you dort understand a word, look it out / look it up in a dictionary.
Test yourself! Choose the most suitable word for each space.
Please do the rest of this exercise for homework / housework.

Mrs Jackson learns / teaches us geography.
At the end of the lesson, put the books back on the bookshelf/ library.
Paul tried hard / hardly this year, and made progress.
1 Could you tell me what ?
1 A is in Spain.
c Montreal
A Madrid B Manchester
2 ....is in Egypt.
c Cardiff
A Caracas B Cairo
3 ....is the Polish capital.
c Warsaw
A Washington B Wellington
4 ....is an Argentinian city.
c Buenos Aires
A Berlin B Budapest
5 ....is in Portugal.
A Liverpool B Los Angeles

Brazil
....is the Greek capital.
Malaysia
c Lisbon
Heil-afld
Japan
Singapore Austria
England
Pakistan Poland
A Atlanta B Athens Iraq New Zealand Bangladesh
c Alice
Springs
7 ....is in Switzerland.
Mexico
Morocco
A Berne B Brasilia
c Beijing
America.
8 ....is in the United States of

Holland
A Santiago B Stockholm
Germany
c San Francisco
Put these countries into the correct column according to their stress pattern.
A does this word mean B means this word

2 Whats the difference.........say and teir?
c this word means
239
VOCABULARY 18 IN THE CLASSROOM

We have to...................................books because there arent enough for one each.

Dont worry if you.........................................the exam. You can take it again in December.
I must remember to........................................this book back to the library today.
During the exam, Jack tried to.........................................Sarahs work.
Some teachers don t..............................................................things very clearly.
What exactly does this word............................................?
A between B of
c from
A do B make
c say
4 Complete
3 If you dont know the answer,
a guess.each sentence. Use a word from the box.
4 Please pay.......to what I am saying.
c attention
We
had
an
interesting...........................................today
about Ancient Egypt.
5 If youre not sure,........a question.
A meaning B knowledge
A make B ask
c do
At the end of the............................................our teachers write reports about us.
6 I dont understand. Can you give me a/an..............?
A example B sample
7 Please......yourself, John.
c model
Please make............................................as
you read chapter two.
Kates..............................................been good. She has only missed one lesson.
c behave
Our...........................................has changed, and now we have English on Monday
8 Im sorry, but I don t.........the question.
A behaving B behaviour
A know B understand
at 11 oclock.
9 Please stop talking and..........to your teacher.
c realise
listen when they have a.....................................................

The boys usually play footballc outside
A hear B attend
1 Could you........that, please?

0
Chris has to wear a................................................at

his new school.
c retell
A resay B repeat
copy
explain
fail
have make
practise
share
take
underline
attendance
break class
subject
term timetable
240
lesson notes
mean
project
uniform
241
VOCABULARY 19 GOING OUT
1 A turn up
2 A know
3 A for
4 A the
5 A interested
6 A go
7
8
9
1
0
A
A
A
A
on
reached
discussed
like
VOCABULARY
B come round
D go past
c crossover
B can
D like
c do
B
Im
c likein each sentence.D well
Underline the correct word
VOCABULARY
B Why
going
D it
don t we write c
/ record
our song on disc?
a
Underline
in each sentence.
B muchthe correct word
D liking
c keen
I think
are
the wrong /size
/D
number
for me.
B Do
pass
trytomorrow?
you these
want trousers
to comec for
swimming
seeswimming
B AllItthe girls in the group

c there very good singers
D playing
Helen wants to buy / takeare
some new shoes. got/ songs.
B were
c saw
D
changed
B Would you like / want
c made
D found
playisbasketball?
Thank you very much.toThis
your recipe / receipt.
B hate
c stand
D admire
George
I are
to coat,
goingbut
to it
thecosts
cinema
cinema/ cash.
this afternoon.
Id like and
to buy
this
a lot/ the
of money
Ann
to in
classical
/ classic
I sawloves
somelistening
red shoes
the window.
Canmusic.
I try / have them on?
Last week I phoned one of my friends. 'Why don't you (1) to my
The
Mickey
Mouse
comic at the cinema.
Im children
sorry, butsaw
the ashop
closes
/ endscartoon
in five /minutes.
house?' he said. 'We can play some computer games, if you (2)...............................' 'I
In the
World
beat
won Germany
Choose
the
best Cup,
replyItaly
(aj)
foreach
sentence2-0.
(1-10).
don't feel (3)............doing that/ I said. 'How about (4)......................fishing?' He wasn't
Do(5).........on
you want tothe
goidea,
a walk
walk this
very
so/for
we a
decided
to evening?
(6)....................to the cinema, although
we didn't know what was (7).....................When we (8)..............there, there was a
Jack excused / made an excuse, and said he couldnt come to the party.
science fiction film on, and so we (9)...................our minds. We can't (10)................that

Make compound words by joining a word from the box to a word (1-10). More than one
answer may be MBK^^^^^mii^îm
possible.
elttk court coursem

field pool slope stadium track rink
health
....CjLucb.
football
..................
tennis
..................
running
..................
swimming
..................
playing
..................
cycle
..................
golf
..................
skating
..................
ski
1 Can I help you?------2 Have you got size 7? \

3 How much is this? \
a) Yes, the changing room is over there.

b) At 5.30 today.
c) Try this larger one.
243
Answer the questions with a suitable word or phrase from the box.
4 Can I try this on? \

5 Do you take credit cards? \
6 This one doesnt fit.
d) It doesnt go with your coat.

At the bakers At the grocers At the travel agents At the newsagents At the caf At the post
e) Im afraid we dont have any left.
office \At
Atevery
the butchers
f) the
No,chemists
Ive spent
penny I had!
7 Have you got any money?

\ g) Did you buy it here?
8 Do you like this red one?
^h) No thanks, Im just looking.
9 Can I return this?
i) Sorry, only cash or cheques.
1 What time do you close?
j) Its 8.
0
1 Where do you buy a newspaper?.................
At the iA,ews0eiA,t's
2 Where do you post a parcel?........................
3 Where do you buy medicine?.......................
VOCABULARY 20 SHOPPING AROUND

Why don t we get a sfS. of mineral water?

A bottle
B jar
c bag
Why dont we buy Julia a of flowers?

A bunch
B pile
c crowd
B packet
c tube
I need a of toothpaste.
A box
Dont forget to buy Wendy a of chocolate.

A lump
B bar
c cube
rd like............cheese, please.
A a kilo of
B half kilo
c half kilo
Could you buy me two of biscuits?

A packets
B parcels
c containers
Ive decided to buy a new of shoes.

A couple
B pair
c double
We need a.............of matches.

A bag
4 Where do you buy meat?.............................
B box
c bunch
5 Where do you buy bananas?........................

6 Where do you book a holiday?....................
7 Where do you buy a cake?...........................
8 Where do you have a coffee?.......................
1 A make
2 A cars
B take
B car parks
3
4
B shops
B bag
A bags
A pocket
c have
c places
c customers
c trolley
D do
D roads
D bargains
D wallet
of
5 A sale
6 A cheaper
B local
B often
7 A place
8 A cheap
9 A fishes
B sale
B the
B meats
1 A walk
B carry
c centre
c parking
c square
c there
c vegetables
c manage
D various
D expensive
D market
D a
D green
D with
245
F O R M ATI O N R U L E S
Tenses
Present simple
positive:
negative:
question:
I/you/we/they like
you dont like Do
you like...?
he/she/it likes he
doesnt
like
Does he like...?
am going. He/she/it
is going.
You/we/they are going.
Present continuous
positive:
am not going.
She
isnt
going. Am I
going?
You arent going.
Are you going?
Present perfect
positive:
I/you/we/they have left.

They havent left.
He/she/it has left.

He hasnt left.
negative:
Have they left?
Has he left?
question:
positive:
I/you/he/she/it/we/they
You didnt start.
started.
negative:
Did you start?
Irregular
Past continuous
positive:
negative:
question:
positive:
I/you/he/she/it/we/they went. You

didnt go.
I/he/she/it was going.

You werent going.
Were you going?
You/we/they were going.

She wasnt going.
Was she going?
FORMATION RULES
Reported Speech
Direct
I always drink milk.
Tm leaving
Til be back soon.
Reported
He said (that) he always drank milk. She
said (that) she was leaving.
He said (that) he would be back soon.
She said (that) she had forgotten it.
Tve forgotten it*

I took it
I was reading.
Passive
He is helped.
Passive Tenses
He has been helped. He was helped.
247
IRREGULAR VERBS
Infinitive
Past simple
Past participle
be
was/were
been
beat
beat
beaten
become
became
become
begin
began
begun
bite
bit
bitten
blow
blew
blown
break
broke
broken
bring
brought
brought
build
built
built
burn
burnt/burned
burnt/burned
buy
bought
bought
catch
caught
caught
choose
chose
chosen
come
came
come
cost
cost
cost
cut
cut
cut
dig
dug
dug
do
did
done
draw
drew
drawn
dream
dreamt/dreamed
dreamt/dreamed
drink
drank
drunk
IRREGULAR VERBS
Infinitive
Past simple
Past participle
lay
laid
laid
lead
WORDLIST
led
led
learn
learnt/learned
learnt/learned
leave
left
left
lend
lent
lent
let
let
let
lie
lay
lain
light
lose
lit
lost
lit
lost
make
made
made
mean
meant
meant
meet
met
met
pay
paid
paid
put
put
put
read
read
read
ride
rode
ridden
ring
rang
rung
rise
rose
risen
run
ran
run
say
said
said
see
saw
seen
sell
sold
sold
send
sent
sent
Grammar 1
bag
bike
cinema
cold
baeg
baik
'sinsma
ksuld
start
take
teach
usually
sta:t
teik
ti:tj
'ju:3U9li
difficult
'difik(9)lt
wash
WDj
easy
family
'i:zi
'fsem(9)li
watch (v)
wear
WDtJ
wes
happy
'haepi
Grammar 3
home
house
ill
haum
haus
il
drink
ride
orange
249
drirjk
raid
'Drind3
parent
pen
right
Street
student
teacher
pearant
pen
rait
strilt
'stju:d(9)nt
'tiitjs
Grammar 2
fruit
lunch
eat
tennis
school uniform
basketball
fruit
UntJ
i:t
'tenis
sku:l 'juinifoim
'baiskitôil
Grammar 4
always
'o:lweiz
baby
'beibi
chocolate
'tjoklat
computer game
ksm'pjuits geim
clean (v)
kliin
cut
kAt
finish
fimj
die
dai
get up
,get 'up
lie (v)
lai
have
leave
like
live (v)
haev
lisv
meik
mu:v
miss
liv
mis
make
move (v)
rain (v)
read
sing
often
'Df(9)n
stay
stei
play
relax
plei
n'laeks
study
swim
'stAdi
swim
rise
raiz
terrible
'ter9b(9)l
speak
spi:k
write
rait
laik
Grammar 5
at the moment
aet 9 'maumant
beach
biltj
250
rein
ri:d
sig
WORDLIST
enjoy
fly (v)
a good time
in'd 30i
flai
ei gud taim
news
njuiz
place
pleis
right
sandwich
turn off
rait
'saen(d)wid 3
t3:n of
Grammar 6
answer (n)
'a:ns9
bathroom
believe
busy
'ba^ruim
bi'liiv
'bizi
fantastic
ghost
fasn'taestik
gsust
great
greit
interesting
'intrastir)
maths
outside
problem
maeGs
ût'said
'probbm
quiet
road
'kwaiat
rsud
station
'steins)!!
story
think
understand
wrong
'stoiri
0ir)k
^nda'stasnd
ror)
Checkpoint 1
attention
9'tenf(9)n
begin
bl'gin
board
centre
coat
desk
bo:d
'sents
kaut
desk
every
'evri
hard
hate
ha:d
heit
know the way

motorbike
nau 9 wei
'msutaâik
pay attention
umbrella
pel
Am'brelo
Grammar 7
admit
sd'mit
bedtime
call
carefully
castle
'bedâim
ko:l
'ke9f(9)li
'ka:s(9)l
a'tenJXs
fit
marry
old
party
phone (v)
remember

fit
'maeri
Quid
'pa:ti
fsun
ri'membs
work (v)
W3:k
Grammar 8
early
'3:li
learn
letter
phone call
shoe
shop
bin
lets
fsun ko:l
Ju:
Jop
'jestadei
yesterday
Grammar 9
bird
b3:d
bring
brir)
feel
get
go shopping
living room
meet
newspaper
nightclub
plate
pullover
quickly
fill
get
gau 'Jopirj
livir) ru:m
mi:t
'njuizêipa
'naitkAb
send
send
pleit
'pubuvs
suddenly
'SACl(9)nli
Grammar 13
tell the time
tel 9 taim
accident
'aeksid( 0)nt
dig
dig
Grammar 10
breakfast
cake
coat
country
'brekfast
keik
ksut
'kAntri
drive
happen
idea
notice
draiv
'haepsn
ai'dis
'nautis
flower
hall
'flaus
ho:l
turn on
wave
t3:n Dn
weiv
mistake
mi'steik
Grammar 14
money
page
present (n)
prize
IIAI
peid3
'prez(9)nt
praiz
afraid of
captain
folk music
glasses
s'freid DV
'kaeptin
fauk 'mjuizik
'glaisiz
university
ju:ni'v3:s9ti
mobile phone
'maubail fsun
251
Grammar 11
short
Sod
open (adj)
'supan
tall
toil
warm
wo:m
train (v)
trein
young
Grammar 12
dinner
'dins
Grammar 15
restaurant
'rest(9)rDnt
awful
'o:f(9)l
dictionary
'dikj*9n(9)ri
flat
flaet
Checkpoint 2
airport
'eajpoit
bAS StDp
catch
door
find
kaetj
do:
faind
hairdrier
travel agent
'heSdraio
lu:z
'traev(3)l 'eid3(9)nt
jeans
d3i:nz
medicine
police
'med(3)s(9)n
ps'liis
book (v)
borrow
choose
buk
'borau
tju:z
summer
win
'sAms
win
guide book
key
gaid buk
ki:
sightseeing
'saitjsinr)
ticket
timetable
windsurfing
'tikit
'taiireib^)!
winictysaiiir)
Grammar 17
centre
'sents
famous
foot
hurry up
'feimss
fut
'hAri Ap
score
sko:
sorry
wallet
'SD
'wDlit
Grammar 18
ago
o'gsu
already
bite
oil'redi
bait
for
insect
just
fo:
'insekt
d3ASt
laisn
lion
since
town
yet
Checkpoint 3
company
sins
taun
jet
252
'kAmp(3)ni
lose
WORDUST
hungry
light (n)
'hArjgri
lait
project
'prDCêkt
stair
storm
take a photo
washing machine
watch (n)
stes
stoim
teik ei 'fautau
'WDJI) ma'Jiin
WDtJ
Grammar 19
cook
kuk
forecast
hit
intend
market
married
plan
village
'fo:ka:st
hit
in'tend
'maikit
'masrid
plaen
'vilid3
Grammar 20
back
bask
choose
expect
tjuiz
perhaps
probably
pa'haeps
'probabli
ik'spekt
Grammar 21
later
'leits
mine
promise
main
'promis
Grammar 22
dark
da:k
dirty
'd3:ti
tired
world
weather
'taisd
W3.'ld
'we9
Grammar 23
hairdresser
'hes^resa
meeting
'miiti)
Grammar 24
after
'a:ft9
arrangement
free
front
library
a'reir^msnt
'entrans
fri:
frAnt
'laibrsri
soon
su:n
Checkpoint 4
definitely
'def(9)i9tli
heavy
hospital
long
'hevi
'hDspit(3)l
log
worry

'wAT
Grammar 25
all right
o:l rait
fishing
'm
Grammar 26
ancient
archaeologist
'einj(9)nt
l
l a:ki Dfd3ist
cancel
brid3
'kaens(9)
deliver
discover
di'lrvo
di'skAvs
fact
faekt
hold a meeting
hsld ei 'miitiq
injured
'ind39d
pet
planet
plant (v)
play (n)
safe
pet
bridge
'plaenit
plaint
plei
self
Grammar 27
alien
'eilisn
cut down
galaxy
kAt daun
kidnap
'kidnaep
millionaire
pollution
îljo'nea
ps'luijXa)!!
screwdriver
special
'skruijdraivs
'spej(9)l
tomb
tu:m
'gaebksi
Grammar 28
bored
bo:d
close (v)
come back
klsuz
disco
'diskau
go away
gsu a'wei
pull
pul
straight on
streit on
stop
stop
kAm baek
Grammar 29
allow
s'lau
collect
excellent
forbidden
ka'lekt
'eksabnt
f9'bid(9)n
WORDLIST
healthy
helGi
necessary
night
park (n)
'nes9s(9)ri
nait
park
sailing
seilir)
stamp (v)
staemp
Grammar 30
lift (v)
lift
sail (n)
sell
Checkpoint 5
bother (v)
'bD3
cheese
fingerprint
tjiiz
'figga.print
photographer
publish
waste (v)
fo'tDgrsfs
pwblij*
weist
Grammar 31
angry
'eggri
button
cold (n)
'bAt(3)n
kauld
improve
practise
im'pruiv
'praektis
suggest
touch
wet
safest
tAts
wet
Grammar 32
astronaut
'aestraôit
fall asleep
foil s'sliip
helicopter
'hel^kopts
rob
snake
toothache
rob
sneik
'tu:0eik
Grammar 33
amazing
a'meizir)
drop (v)
drop
escape (v)
fat
gym
I'skeip
faet
d3im
juice
pleased
railway
d3u:s
pliizd
'reilwei
254
sky
skai
Grammar 34
food
fu:d
milk
milk
pay
post a letter
pel
paust ei 'lets
Grammar 35
job
d3Db
laugh
manager
overcoat
la:f
'masmc^s
'9UV3,k3Ut
Grammar 36
bread
bred
careful
'ke9f(3)l
classical music
complain
'klaesik(s)l 'mjuizik
ksm'plein
lost
bst
Checkpoint 6
actually
'aektjuali
desert island
imagine
,dez9t 'aibnd
pencil sharpener
rich
sunbathing
'pens(9)l 'Ja:p(9)n9
ntj
i'maed3in
Grammar 37
impossible
im'pDS3b(9)l
smile
small
Grammar 38
advice
sd'vais
change(v)
check
opinion
tjeind3
passport
s'pinjsn
tjek
Grammar 39
fit (adj)
fit
fizzy
'fizi
jaut
shout
sweet
swi:t
Grammar 40
fire
'faia
instruction
light (v)
m'strAkJ(9)n
lait
match (n)
maetj
plane
plein
Grammar 41
kitchen
'kitjan
serious
'siariss
Grammar 42
concentrate
identity card
manage
permission
piano
repair
ai'dentiti ka:d
tie (n)
tai
kDns(3)n ltreit
'maemd 3
po'miJXs)!!
pi'aensu
ri'pea
Checkpoint 7
away
s'wei
parking
'paikir)
shorts
succeed
Joits
swimming pool
'swimir) pu:l
ssk'sild
Grammar 43
ache (v)
eik
bookshelf
dish
donkey
'bukjelf
dij
'dorjki
knife
leaf
life
naif
li:f
laif
mouse
potato
sheep
thief
maus
pa'teitau
Ji=p
0i:f
Grammar 44
information
jinfa'meijXa)!!
left (adj)
left
scissors
'sizsz
Grammar 45
box
boks
chicken
'tfikin
dry
friendly
furniture
drai
'fren(d)li
luggage
'lAgid3
paper
'peipa
stamp (n)
staemp
wud
255
wood
Grammar 46
people
'pi:p(3)l
fridge
brush (v)
seat
frid 3
brAj
silt
Grammar 47
bit
bit
crowded
disgusting
'kraudid
lucky
'lAki
room (space)
ru:m
sleep (n)
sli:p
traffic jam
wardrobe
'traefik d3aem
'woidraub
dis'gAstir)
Grammar 48
hundred
'hAndrsd
million
thousand
'miljan
'0auz(9)nd
Checkpoint 8
afford
a'foid
exactly
ig'zaek(t)li
lonely
meal
opportunity
'taunli
mill
'Dpd'tjumati
short of
Jo:t 9V
Grammar 49
armchair
'aiea
bang
battery
baeq
cottage
'kotid3
'kAbad
cupboard
lift (n)
neighbour
operation
roundabout
'baet(9)ri
lift
'neibs
.Dps'reiite)!!
'raund9,baut
Grammar 50
behind
bl'haind
comfortable
'kAmft3b(9)l
empty
'empti
heavily
in front of
message
'hevili
in frAnt 9V
opposite
parcel
push
'opazit
'pa:s(9)l
pf
'mesid3
Grammar 51
engineer
end3i'ni9
genius
government
'd3:n9S
'gAvanmant
gi'ta:
idiot
matter
poor
'masts
telescope
violin
'teliSkaup
jVais'lin
po:
Grammar 52
leather
'les
plastic
'plaestik
prison
smoking
priz(9)n
steal
still
Grammar 53
biscuit
'biskit
end (n)
favourite
lift (n) (in a car)
loaf
trousers
turn (n)
end
'feiv(3)r9t
lift
tauf
'trauzsz
t3:n
Grammar 54
clap (v)
klaep
joke (n)
d39uk
unhappy
An'haepi
Checkpoint 9
bear
collar
island
bea
'kola
'aibnd
peace
pi:s
round
raund
Grammar 55
boat
baut
Grammar 56
damaged
'daemid3
glove
handle
gUv
'haend(9)l
railway line
'reilwei lain
sound (v)
tasty
wheel
saund
'teisti
will
256
Grammar 57
taste
teist
WORDLIST
Grammar 58
amazed
a'meizd
amused
s'mjuizd
amusing
boring
carpet
s'mjuizir)
'boirir)
'kaipit
confusing
kan'Quizir)
disappointed
disappointing
îsa'pointid
jdisa'pointig
exciting
ik'saitir)
fascinating
interested
puppy
shocked
shocking
wooden
worried
worrying
faesineitir)
'intrastid
'pApi
'saisns 'fikj(3)n
Jbkt
Jokir)
'taiarir)
'wud(9)n
'wArid
wAriir)
Grammar 59
cheap
tji:p
population
temperature
'tempritjs
pDpju'leiJ(9)n
Grammar 60
funny
'fAni
nasty
strange
'na:sti
Streind3
Checkpoint 10
couple
'kAp(9)l
farm
fa:m
string
striq
Grammar 61
accurate
'aekjurat
completely
frequently
grateful
jewellery
kam'pliitli
'friikwantli
'greitf(9)l
'd3u:3lri
'silkrat
sincerely
terrific
sin'siali
ts'rifik
Grammar 62
bone
bsun
fashionable
'f8ef(9)n9b(9)l
its a pity
spider
Its ei 'piti
'spaicta
Grammar 64
childhood
'aildhud
fill in
fil in
form (n)
refuse
skating
Grammar 65
apologize
fo:m
n'fjuiz
'skeitir)
WORDLIST
Grammar 72
midday
jinid'dei
calculator
9'pDtad3aiz
'kaslkjuêita
midnight
'midnait
desert
'dezat
Checkpoint 12
explanation
^kspb'neij^n
go ahead
magic
'maecîk
'fiziks
Grammar 73
physics
wild
waild
boot
scary
bu:t
'skeari
windy
'windi
add up
aed Ap
Grammar 74
ant
behaviour
factory
fried
soap
aent
bl'heivjs
'faektri
fraid
SQUp
accommodation
address
advertisement
blood
threaten
Checkpoint 11
behave
gau a'hed
a^Dms'deiJXs)!!
a'dres
9d'v3:tism9nt
blAd
'0ret(9)n
Grammar 75
bl'heiv
foreign
fbrin
alarm
s'laim
'd33:ni
s9k'sesf(9)l
weit
obey
Grammar 67
agree
s'gri:
journey
mess
mes
weight
'neva maind
Grammar 77
saiz
look after
luk 'a:ft9
describe
di'skraib
look forward to
take off
luk 'fo:wd tu:

teik Df
fine
fain
try on
trai Dn
size
Grammar 68
Grammar 69
Checkpoint 13
carry
'kaeri
climbing
mean (v) mind (v)
mi:n
Vocabulary 1
pass (v)
rather
pais
'ra:9
beard
foreigner
lets
lets
Vocabulary 2
mind out
maind aut
brother
'bAS
watch out
wotj aut
daughter
grandfather
'graenid^faicte
grandmother
'graei^ctyinAs
husband
'hAzband
258
sister
'sists
twin
twin
'klaimir)
bisd
'forms
doits
257
wedding
wedir)
wife
waif
Vocabulary 3
photography
fs'tDgrafii
spare time
spea taim
Vocabulary 4
ceiling
'sillir)
shower
'jau9
Vocabulary 5
account
baker
butcher
a'kaunt
'beiks
'butja
greengrocer
newsagent
post office
traffic lights
'griin^rsuss
l
nju:z1eid3(9)nt
psust 'Dfis
'traefik lait
Vocabulary 6
carpenter
'kaipints
electrician
judge
d3Ad3
lawyer
mechanic
'lo:j9
mi'kasnik
patient
'peif(9)nt
perform
plumber
p9'fo:(r)m
soldier
's9uld33
'stju:9(i
'teita
steward
tailor
vet
'plAma
'saisntist
vet
Vocabulary 7
blanket
'blaerjkit
dustbin
'dAs(t)bin
pillow
'pilau
Vocabulary 8
course
fork
jug
ko:s
oven
'Av(s)n
sausage
'sDSid3
suck
SAk
tray
trei
'weite
waiter
folk
d3A9
Vocabulary 9
bark
hook
hunt
ba:k
huk
hAnt
lay an egg
lei 91 eg
monkey
'mAgki
nut
parrot
nAt ELEMENTARY LANGUAGE PRACTICE

'paerst
Vocabulary 10
assistant
9'sist(9)nt
bargain
'baigin
costume
counter
customer
'kostjuim
'kaunts
kAStsma
earring
label
shoplift
'lang
tracksuit
underwear
'traekûit
'Anc^wes
'leib(9)l
'Jop.llft
Vocabulary 11
cloudy
'klaudi
freezing
'friizir)
windy
'windi
Vocabulary 12
ear
19
eye
finger
ai
'figga
Vocabulary 13
try hard
trai ha:d
'ju:nifo:m
bleeding
'bliidirj
uniform
dizzy
dizi
Vocabulary 19
fever
'fiivs
court
ko:t
give up
giv Ap
pool
pu:l
stomach ache
'stAmak eik
track
traek
Vocabulary 14
Vocabulary 20
bush
bur
cash
kaef
distant
fence
'distant
fens
chemist
cheque
'kemist
tjek
forest
lake
'fbrist
leik
go with
several
gau WI
stream
stri:m
toothpaste
'tuiOjpeist
'several
Vocabulary 15
break down
double-decker
hire
motorway
breik daun
scared
skesd
,dAb(3)l 'deko
'hai9
'mautaêi
Vocabulary 16
boil
boil
259
camera
dishwasher
kettle
sharpener
straight
tin opener
'kaem(3)r9
'dlf.wojs
'ket(9)l
'Ja:p(3)n3
streit
tin '9up(9)n9
Vocabulary 17
capital
'kaepit(9)l
Vocabulary 18
attendance
a'tendsns
explain
ik'splein
fail
guess
fell
ges
project
share
subject
'prDd3ekt
fea
'sAbd3ikt
260
GRAMMAR INDEX
A/an 43, 51
Dates 71
Ability 37, 42
Able to 37
Days, months, seasons 71

Decisions 21 Descriptions
Adjectives 57, 58, 59, 60
68 Direct speech 25
Adverbs 2, 61 Advising 67,
Directions 68 Disagreeing /
38, 39 /er 24 Ago 18
agreeing 67 Do and raa/ce 64
Agreeing / disagreeing 67
Already 18 Any 43
Anyone, anybody, anything 54
Apologizing 67 Apostrophes 73
Articles
Enough
not + adjective + enough 57
(ttof) enough + noun 47 Ever 18
Everyone, everybody, everything 54
Excuses 68 Expect 20
For 18, 65, 66 Frequency adverbs 2
//7, f/ze 51 zero 52
Functions 67, 68, 69, 70 Future
Asking for information 69

going to 19, 22 plans /
Be
intentions 19 predictions
am, is, are 1
19, 20 present continuous
was, were 11
23 will 20,21,22
with adjectives and prepositions 66 Be

able to 37 Been gone 17
Can 37, 69 QwY, cannot 37, 41
Certainty 41
Gerund (-mg) 4, 5, 23, 29 Gei 63

Go (swimming, etc.) 77 Gomg to 19, 22
Greetings 68
Habits 2, 3, 14 Had to 40 Have got 55,
Comparative adjectives 59 Compound words
63 Have to 38, 39, 42 How much/many
77 Conditional 1 sentences 31, 33
46
Conditional 2 sentences 32, 33 Contractions,

its, theyre, 1m, Ive, hes, etc. 30 Could
40,41,70
Countable and uncountable nouns 44, 45, 46,
47
261

If I were you 32, 70 If sentences 31, 32,
Past perfect 25 Past simple 7, 8, 9, 10
33 Imperatives 28, 31 Impossibility 41
and past continuous 13 was, were 11
Inviting 69
Perhaps 20 Permission 69
Irregular verbs 9, 10, 15, 16 It and
Personal pronouns (I, me, etc.) 53
there 62 Its and Its 73

Phrasal verbs 77
/sf 18, 59
Later 24
Aia/ce and do 64
Making arrangements 21,24
Making comparisons 59, 60
Making offers 69
Place and position 49, 50

Plurals 43, 44, 45
Possessive
adjectives (my, etc.) 55
apostrophe 56 of 56
pronouns (mine, etc.) 53
Possibility 37, 41 Predictions 19,
20, 22 Preferences 70 Prefixes 77
May 41, 69
Prepositions/adverbials after adjectives
Might 41
Modals
66 after verbs 77 of place and

position in, on, at, to, into 49 in
front of 50 next to, near 50 opposite,
ability/possibility 37
behind 50 out, owt o/50 outside,
obligation 38 past 40
mszde 50 of time m, 0 49 af 18,

72 Present continuous 4, 5 and
possibility/certainty 41 main
points and contrasts 42 Mwc/z and
Present perfect simple 15, 16 and
mawy 46, 47 Must 38, 39,41,42
past simple 17 and time expressions
Nationality words 57, 66 Never 18

No one, nobody, nothing, none 54
Numbers 48
Object
gerund as object 29
pronouns 53 questions 35
Obligation 38, 39, 42
Offering 69 One, Ottes 53
Passive voice 26, 27 Past continuous
12 and past simple 13
262
present simple 6 future use 23
18 Present simple 2, 3
and present continuous 6
Probably 20
GRAMMAR INDEX
Promising 21, 22, 70
This, f/zai 53 Time expressions ago 18

for 18 smce 18
Pronouns
object pronouns 53 possessive
pronouns 53 someone/body/thing,
etc. 54 subject pronouns 53
Punctuation 73
with past simple and present

perfect simple 18 with future 24
Too + adjective 57 Too much, too
many 47
Uncertainty 41 Used to 14
Questions
subject and object 35
tags 36
Verbs
followed by gerund (-mg) 65
followed by infinitive 65
wh- questions 35 yes/no

questions 34
followed by prepositions 65
Warning 31, 33, 70
Refusing 21 Reminders 70
Was, were 11 Whose
Reported speech 25 Requesting
55 Will
21, 70
Short answers 34, 35 Should 38,
39, 42 Since 18 Some 44, 45
Someone, somebody; something 54 Soon
24
and going to 22
contrasts 24
in functional language 21
predictions 20 Word formation
77 Would
Spelling 74, 75, 76

in conditionals 32, 33 in
and pronunciation 74, 75
British/American 76 gerunds 4
Subject
functional language 69, 70

Yet 18
gerund as subject 29 it
and f/zere 62 pronouns 53
questions 35 Suffixes 77
Suggesting 70
Superlative adjectives 60, 66
Tag questions 36 Telling the time
72 77zere and it 62
263
GRAMMAR ANSWERS
1 Do you like
are you reading
cant
must
1 any
live
many
dont
advice
do you usually
This is
Do you know
enough
1 didnt go
forgot
did you see
some
1 at
to
a
the, the
left
yours
Did they enjoy
none
was eating, rang

1 used
Have
has
has
since
ever
1 Ill see
1a beautiful old
Whose
belong to
big enough
than
the best
1 hard
There
have you got
is going to have
made
are you doing
going
it will snow
in
Im going
1 like
I It isnt hot today.

Im not at home.
My friends arent here.
You arent a teacher.
We arent at the
cinema.
This isnt difficult.
Sam isnt happy.
1 Am I late?
Are you ill?
Are we right?
Is he fifteen?
Is it cold?
Is the school in this
street?
Are my books in your
bag?
1c
a
e
b
d
Grammar 2
1 likes
rains
lives
arrives
starts
later
were
teach
1 would
mind
1 /zve
265
1 1 bega
n
GRAMMAR ANSWERS

continued
watching
Sara does
not
/ doesnt
often
sing
like sport.
sometimes plays
I always get up at 6.30.
never finish
We do not / dont /
cannot/cant
speak
always wears
German.
3 flew
4 did
listenedare playing / re playing

finishedis reading / s reading
Did Emma
help waiting
the
Are they
for a
teacher?
bus?
DidGrammar
Alice wash her
6
hair?
1B
1 Tom looked out of the

A
is making / s making Grammar 9
window.
B
We
arrived
at
6.30.
A
Grammar 3
is crying /s crying
Peter often goes to the
A
Laura
watched 5
beach. 1 teacher does not walk
Grammar
B
television
all a lot of
1 Am I making
does Helen live
1 always gets up
afternoon.
George never drinks
noise?
beer. We do not go
is waiting
The busIsstopped
at
the
Clare reading?
end of the street.
We arent
/ reDavid
not ride
are we going
Does
having a good time.
Are you watching the
I visitednews?
an old castle
don t believe
Do you play
on
Saturday.
1 Do you have
a
does not like
am /m reading
Is it snowing?
motorbike?
Sue waited for her
usually
have
lunch
friends for more than
Correct
Does Susan like
Are we waiting in the
an hour.
right place?
Id like 1todoes
buy not
thislike
coat.
usually sits
They decided to come
How much
it wash
cost?
Doesdoes
Peter
Are you sitting here?
to my party.
is / s having
What are
you
doing
?
Do you watch
Is
David
enjoying
his
Grammar 8
holiday?
am / m talking
1 Our bus didrit
arrive
I usually
get
up
at
6.00.
do not / dont often eat
on time.
Is the bus stopping?
costs
This book
I
Doesis difficult.
the teacher
Sue didnt phone last
dont understand
it.
usually give
1 It isnt raining.
1B
2A
night.
Correctdo not / dont live
Tim isnt studying.

Maria didnt finish
work early
yesterday.
We arent
talking.
Excuse me. Do you

1 Does Jack get up at
know the way to the
museum?
7.00?
Jack leave home at
Think aboutDoes
grammar!
8.00?
False.
He/she/it
Jack begin
doesntwith
leave
questions
home
at
7.00.
does.
wear
IJack
eat isdoesnt
for habits,
school uniform.
eating
is for an
action happening now.
Do Alice and Mike
walk
to work?is I
True. An
example
have (=1 own) and I am
and Mike dont
having aAlice
good time.
arrive late.
False.
I am
Grammar 7
Do Alice and Mike

watch TV in the
washed,evening?
dressed
1 called
I didntKatherine
want to isnt
go tolying.
bed early.
3c4B
6c
Checkpoint 1
wants want
walk sometimes
sometimes walks
They arent waiting for

Carlos us.
didnt answer
my letter.
the lesson -begins does

the lesson begin
Anna isnt having a

John didnt
good invite
time. lots
of people to his party.
gets get
Im not reading at the

The shops
didnt open
moment.
on Sunday.
watehs watches
1 Vm playing tennis with

Peter didnt like his
new shoes.
my best friend.
Are you
coming to the
1 Did Tim arrive
at 2.00?
cinema tonight?
Did Sam phone home?
walked Alice and Mike dont

266
The train
didnt
stoplistening
at
You
arent
to
Harrysme.
station.
5c
John and Mandy arent

going to the beach.
rroHike doesnt like
1 do
dont / can t
are
doesnt
do
does
1c
5 got
7
8
9
1
0
21
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
31
4
stood
wore
ate
told
c
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
c
c
c
1 1 Did Nick fly to the

2 Did Anna go to Italy?
3 Did Jack find the
money?
5
6
7
8
9
answer?
Did Alex come to the
party?
Did Pat bring the
flowers?
Did Kate send the
letter?
Did Alan make the
cake?
Did Tina wear a hat?
Grammar 10
have breakfast.
267
bus.
3 Maria and Carlos
didnt do the
homework.
4 Catherine didnt get a
prize.
teacher.
6 Sam didnt go to
university.
sandwich.
8 Murat and Soraya
didnt run fast.
9 Joe didnt make
mistakes.
1 Carla didnt come
0 early.
31
2
3
4
5
6
7
did you come

didnt wear
left
did you write
did the teacher say
You didnt tell
Did you go
9 did you take

1 Jane didnt get
0
2 has lost
3 have broken
4 has taken
GRAMMAR ANSWERS
All and Mehmet playing
football?
hates it. on Sunday?

Anna used
to all
liveyour
in friends
Were
the country,
butparty?
now
at your
she lives in the city.
it raining?
1 Were you playing
Kevin and Mel werent

Nick used to walk to
party.he
school, at
butmynow
rides a bike.
Nick wasnt in class
Mary was having

We were watching
yesterday.
Kate used to get up
late, but Itnow
she warm
gets
wasnt
up early.yesterday.
were you dancing

Some of the boys were
looking
Carol used
have short
Wetowerent
at the
hair, but match
now she
has
yesterday.
(got) long hair.
I was walking
Grammar 12
Jack1used
be short,
but
was to
reading
a book.
now he is tall.

False. Regular verbs end
in -ed, but irregular
verbs do not.
were playing football.
was writing on the

1 used to ride
board.
broke
went
John didnt close the
drawing pictures.
didnt usewere
to watch
Grammar door.
15
used1toAnna
keepwasnt drawing
pictures.
didnt use
to use
Paula and Jim werent
1 Did Susanlooking
use to have
out of the
window.
a dog?
Grammar 11
found
1 Was Helen, wasnt at
saw
home, was at the
cinema
was having
Were Tom and
1 ate
Dan, werent at
school, were at
came, were playing
home
turned on, happened
Was Nick, wasnt at
home, was at work
were running, fell over
Were Liz and Jane,
was listening,
heard
werent
at the cinema,
were at school
broke, was doing
1A
1 Was Jim at home last

night?
268
Did youg use to

a
live next
e door to Mrs
Harrison?
1 David didnt miss the
My brother
train.used to wear
glasses (when he was
were listening to
used to make
small). Cristina didnt forget
music.
her book.
didnt use to go to
was looking out of the Did Martin use to learn
didnt go out.
GermanThey
at school?
window.
used to wash
False. Did is also used in

questions and as a main
verb.
1 was doing
saw
We1used
d to give our
teachersc presents at the
end of term.
f
didnt use to drive
True. Past continuous

questions begin was/
were.
Grammar 13
Ricardo used to get

up Checkpoint
at 6.00 (when 2
he
was1 looked
training for the
Olympics).
took
What did you use to
read
do on Saturday
evenings?
closed
Becky used to be afraid
of dogscame
(when she was a
girl).
Tim wasnt
People didnt
use toreading a
book.
use mobile phones.
He used Kate
to go and Bill werent
writing on the board.
swimming.
Did theySam
use wasnt
to like playing
football.
jazz music?
Ed and
Lisa
Olgas family
used
to werent
listening to music.
live in Moscow.
Was Tim
We 1didnt
usedrawing
to drink
coffee.
pictures?
My sister
didnt
to Bill
Were
Kateuseand
watch television.
looking out of the
window?
Did Tony use to work in
a bank?
1 (Suggested answers)
Terry didnt get up.
Karen didnt like
Chinese food.
Chriss team didnt win
the match.
I didnt sit down on the
bus all the way home.
1 Where did you go last
night?
I didnt know the
answer.
Harry made a lot of
noise.
I didnt like my new
teacher.
Did you take vour
medicine?
Helen came home late last
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
has finished
has left
has happened
have found
has written
have bought
2 have found
3
4
5
6
8
9
1
0
31
has sent
have decided
have eaten
has bought
has broken
have lost
has taken
have missed

have spent
have had
Grammar 17
have copied
has washed
has arrived
havent phoned
have seen
have made
Grammar 16
1 Has he booked the
hotel?
Has he invited Tim?
Has he looked at the
map?
Has he packed his
suitcase?
2
3
4
5
6
f
b
a
c
d
2 1 Ve red
2 havent finished
3 Ve lost
4 Did you eat
6 havent started
7 Did you see
3 1 did you go
2 have just hurt
4
5
6
7
havent finished
did you invite
did you meet
hasnt played
11 d
2g
Grammar 18
Has he checked the

timetable?
Has he borrowed a
guide book?
Has he bought a
ticket?
Has he chosen his
clothes?
1 Hes booked the hotel.
He hasnt invited Tim.
He has looked at the
map.
He hasnt packed his
suitcase.
He has checked the
timetable.
He has borrowed a
guide book.
269
4
5
6
7
c
f
b
e
2 1 ever
2
3
4
5
6
just
already
for
ten years ago
yet
GRAMMAR ANSWERS
you were doing were
you doing
Checkpoint 3
1 was arriving arrived
didnt do havent
done
was-coming came
swam were swimming
wore / used to wear

watched was watching
missed
was losing lost
Did you meet Have

you met
was-seemg saw
was hearing heard
use to used to Think

about grammar!
(Suggested answers)
False. We use the past

simple with exact times
in the past, but the
present perfect with time
periods continuing to the
present (e.g. I have lived
here since July 15 /for 16
days).
taken
read
been
eaten
caught
False. Since is used with

present perfect, but/or
can be used with past
simple as well, and ago
is used with past simple
only.
left
bought
broken
Grammar 19
1 has just gone

did you get up
had
have lived
did you do
hasnt finished
(Suggested answers)
for
already
ever
yet
arrived
Have you seen
(Suggested answers)
for
yet
never
1 1 are going to fall

3
4
5
6
are going to hit

is going to crash
are going to miss
is going to win!
270
2 1 Are you going to buy

2
3
4
5
isnt going to study

am going to buy
Is Helen going to travel
are you going to buy
6
7
8
9
1
0
arent going to get

is going to take
are you going to phone
are we going to eat
am not going to give
3 1 Joe is going to buy a

new computer next
is going to have
is going to move
Grammar 23
(Suggested answers)
We arent going to play

tennis this weekend.
Im sure Jim wont be late.

Is Nick going to join the
sports club?
Ym seeing the dentist at What are you going to

do next summer?
4.30 on Saturday.
Im staying at home on Look! That tree is going
Sunday.
to fall over!
Im playing basketball Are you going to work
at 3.00 on Monday.
hard this year?
Im doing some
shopping on Tuesday
afternoon.
I think youll enjoy the

party.
I don t imagine theyll
Im not going to get a

new car.
decide anything yet. /1
imagine they won t decide

anything yet.
Are Mike and Pat going

Im having a party on to make sandwiches for
Thursday.
the party?
I imagine Jane will cook

the dinner.
am not coming
Its going to snow.

1 hes going to arrive at
4.00pm.
Hes going to walk
around the village
is going
Are you having
are not going
Grammar 24
hes going to visit the

castle.
Grammar 21
1e
c
b
d
f
a
(Suggested answers)
Ill have the giant pizza.
Hes going to sit on the

beach
Ill be home before

midnight.
hes going to see the

museum.
Ill meet you tomorrow at

6.30.
Hes going to climb the

mountain
Ill take the red pair.
hes going to buy

presents at the market.
Students own answers.
Grammar 20
1 will choose
wont have
will be
wont know
A
A
c
I5m sure you wont have

any problems.
I dont expect the train

will be late.
1 are you doing
I expect it won t take long.

/1 dont expect it will take
long.
It is going to rain
Im going to London on tomorrow.
Wednesday.
Jim and Carol are

coming to lunch on
Friday.
2
3
4
5
I think Ill leave now.
No, I wont (give you my

book)!
Ill pay you back at the
end of the week.
Grammar 22
1a
a
a
b
a
a
271
6B
2 1 tomorrow
2 next year
4 later
5 at
6 a minute
4 turn
5 Dont talk
6 Turn
GRAMMAR ANSWERS
will be sold
were taken
has been discovered
1 The bridge was built in
2006.
My sandwich has been
eaten by a dog.
The letter will be
delivered tomorrow.
Our train has been
cancelled.
Our new washingmachine

was delivered
Checkpoint
4
yesterday.
1B
A
The bankB manager was
kidnapped.
A
A
The museum will be
A year
rebuilt next
B
GrammarB28
1 is spending /
(Suggested answers)
is waiting
Turn off the light!
Are you doing /
Come here / back!

False. There are three
ways - will, going to and
present continuous.
True.
True.
Grammar 25
1 Tm leaving at six
Peter often goes
fishing,
I will be back later,
is reading
Open your books!
I have just seen Mark,
A window in the
classroom was broken
by one of the students.
are going /
Close the door!
They/We left at 6.00

I am working,
Millions of bars of
chocolate are eaten
every day!
am having
Sit down!
are you doing /
Come with us!
We are late,
is leaving /
Stop talking!
I will phone back,
1 tonight
Take the first left.
in
1 Sit down!
at
Come here!
I feel all right,

I love ice-cream,
1 (that) she was leaving.
Grammar 27
1 was given a lift to
school by a friend.
will be played by Tom
Smooth.
was opened with a
screwdriver.
has been found by a
team of archaeologists.
this
Turn off the light!
tomorrow
later
(that) he had seen the film

on Monday.
(that) she had missed the
bus.
(that) they lived in
Marsden Street.
on
was broken by a ball.
was bought by a
Japanese millionaire.
of Tutankhamun was
discovered by Howard
Carter in 1922.
are enjoyed by
millions of people.
is caused by heavy
traffic.
1 Thousands of new
homes are built every
year.
272
1 Were going to the

cinema this evening.
Do you want to come?
Look out! That car is.
going to crash!
Bye for now! ni see
you tomorrow.
Sorry I cant meet you.
Im going to the doctors.
Have you heard the
weather forecast? Its
going to rain tomorrow.
(that) she would phone at

6.00.
(that) she was having a
good time.
(that) they were
arriving at 9.00.
(that) he had forgotten to
do his work.
(that) he was wrong.
(that) he had hurt
his arm.
Grammar 26
1 were Stolen
has decided
1 Studying late at night is
tiring.
Getting up early is
hard.
Learning a language
takes time.
Parking here is
forbidden.
Visiting other countries is
interesting.
Talking is not allowed.
Copying other people is
wrong.
Listening to music is
relaxing.
(Suggested answers)
Drinking lemonade
7 Dont touch
8 Wait
Grammar 29
1 1 running
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Taking
collecting
Eating
playing
Shouting
sailing
Crossing
going
Jogging
I will
What is
Do not, will not
cannot
It has
I would
Jane has
2 1 I wont be home early.

2 Whos coming to your
party?
football.
4 I wouldnt do that if I
were you.
chair.
Listening to music
Grammar 30

6 Theyve sent me a
letter.
1 time for the news.
7 Helens got a dog.
IVe decided to buy
8 Its very cold today.
some boots.
7 are often changed
8 has been discovered
Whose books are these?
3 1 by someone
Are they yours?
2 (all necessary)
Sues borrowed my
paints.
4 (all necessary)
5 by the police
This new boats ours.
7 by workers
8 by people
4 1 water is wasted.
2 has been introduced.
3 new sports centre will
be opened next week.
4 were injured by a
falling tree.
6 will be met at the
airport.
7 is taught by a French
person.
2 Reading
3 go
5 Talking
6
7
8
61
3
4
5
6
7
8
Writing
Getting
Dont
They are
It is
will not
It has
I would
does not
Mary has
Its got sails and oars.

I think the dogs hurt
one of its legs.
These are my photos.
Vd like to see yours.
My names Toby.
Whats yours?
1 If I was ill, I
wouldnt go.
I dont know where hes
gone.
You havent done it yet.
Ill see you when
youre back.
Jane hasnt finished her
homework.
We werent ready so we
couldnt begin.
If youre nervous, don t
worry.
Checkpoint 5
1 (that) he would be late.

(that) Kate knew the
answer.
(that) Mary was
leaving at 8.00.
(that) he couldnt find the
keys.
273
2 do you
3 werent they
4 does he
GRAMMAR ANSWERS
I were you, I would go to
the
I were you, I would ask
walked, would take

were/was, would be
I were you, I would

talk to your
place, appears
I were you, I would go

to
dont come, will not

see
I were you, I would

join
starts, will finish
Grammar 33
1a
a
b
a
b
b
(Suggested answers)
had a bike, she would
ride it to school
wait, will miss

had, would buy
went, would feel
1A
B
B
A
A
B
Grammar 34
works hard, hell pass

his exams.
1e
g
ate a lot, he would be

fat.
c
h
d
b
f
1 Were they working
had a car, she wouldnt

walk to work.
practises, his English
will improve.
hurries, she won t be
late.
liked swimming, she
would go to the beach.
takes his medicine, he
will get better.

didnt live near the
school, he would get
up early.
leaves now, she will
catch the bus.
1B
A
B
A
274
1 want, will ask
hard?
Has Jim eaten yet?
Do you read a lot?
Is Tom writing a letter?
Did Tina
Thinkleave
about grammar!
yesterday?
False. Passive sentences
emphasize what was
Have we met before?
done, not who did it.
Was Sam watching
TV? False. Common words
like dont and cant are
often used in formal
writing.
False. It describes the
activity in general.
Grammar
35 31
Grammar
1 why are you crying?

1 press
How did you get here?
wont be
What does Jack usually
feel
do on Saturdays?
come have
How long
lived here?
rains
Where was David
going? 11 work
you
doesn't
leave
Who are1you
talking
to?, will miss
works, will pass
What were you doing?
rains, will go
When do you usually
get up? doesnt practise, wont
improve
What has Jack done?
rains, wont go
What did Mark and
comes, will be
Sue buy?
see, will tell
1 makes you tired
(Suggested answers)
did you talk to
play basketball in the
did you read
classroom, well break
window.
brought thethe
ice-cream
dont leave the party
did Joe decide

now, well miss the
last bus / leave the
party now,
we won t
answers most
of the
questions miss the last bus.
house istouch
yours my dog, itll bite
you.
Grammar 36
stand under a tree, we

wont get wet / dont
stand under a tree,
well get wet.
walk, well get tired.
hurry, well be late.
Grammar 32
1 had, would go
found, would take
had, would take
5 did he
6 hasnt it
7 are you
9
1
0
21
2
doesnt he
arent you
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
31
2
c
i
b
f
a
g
4
5
6
7
8
9
d
)
hasnt he
do you
didnt I
isnt she
arent we
has he
were you
are they
275
GRAMMAR ANSWERS
a areyour
couldnt1find
you looking at me
Grammar 38
number. any
sweets may / might
1 You must do it again!
some
Do you like
Grammar any
41
You should keep fit.
You must work faster!
able
lives (in that house,)
1 It mightarain.
You should eat healthy
You must turn to page
This mustany
be right.
food. may / might
50!
a 1 don't you
1
couldnt
Checkpoint
7
I might seeisnt
you it
You shouldnt drink
You must hurry up!
tomorrow.some
1 had to go
lots of fizzy drinks.
have
are we
some
could walk You must stop talking!
This
cant
be
You should go to the
anythe
answer. arent you
gym. cant
some
You must listen to me!
must be
any
can
This must be
hasthe
heplace.
You shouldnt watch
must give me your
didnt have You
to wait
some
TV all night.
homework!
cant
I might notwon
comet they
to
could be
Grammar 45
your party.
1 doesnt have to take
You must sit down!
had
were you
couldnt
do
doesnt have to get up
You cant be serious!
1 Do you have to wear a
(Suggested answers)
might
go
dont haveFalse.
to make
We must be early.
Mustnt = not
uniform?
Checkpoint
6 to =
you are are you
allowed;
dont have
couldnt catch
doesnt have
1 get,
to do
will catch
You have to/must do
1d
not necessary.
homework.
docs
live
lives
were / was / would tell c
dont have to sit
1 must
a
There is a small
Do you have to sit in
am, am
were, would
lived,
would
spend
had
difference.
doesnt have
to do Have to is a e
the same place?
rule from someone else; f
got you? have you?
see, will tell
able
Grammar 40
b
Does he have to arrive
must is a rule from
before 8.00?
1c
yourself.
means this? does
dont hurry, won t get OR
have
Grammar
42
d
this
mean?
hurry, will get
She has to/must eat
True.
b
1 dont have to
could
lunch at school.
had, would lend
f
isnt it? arent you?
have to
Grammar 43
must
a
Do you have to change
1dont
feet get, won t be
e
had to
classrooms?
False. They are about
must
1 I had toknives
clean the
imaginary situations.
landed, would soon
shouldnt
Do they have to do
decide
house. Ichildren
didnt
have to
had
gym?
True. Unless do is the
clean the house.
m not able to
1 I were you, I would go
(Suggested answers)
main verb.
You have to/must learn
I had / didntleaves
have to
German.
mustnt
cook the dinner.
to the doctors.
shelves
cant be
False. Some are real and
name isnt Jim, is
did you have
some
to are checking.
I had / didntmatches
have to do
should talk1 you
to should
your go to the
lots of homework.
teacher about it
doctors.
have forgotten your should Grammar 37
children
homework, havent
I had / didnt have to go
dont have should
to be wear
here a warm
lift can walk.
cant
shopping.
before 8.00 coat.
you hurry,
Grammar
44we wont be
It cant run.
late.
1
a
(Suggested answers)
I had / didnt have to go
must know should leave early.
It can dance.
some
to school.
isnt going to lose, is I didn't have to go to
some
had to go toshould
the take more
It can smile.
I had / didnt
school yesterday.
exercise.
somehave
doctors
I were you, I would go to
a bed early
This cant beIt right.
can t speak English. might / could
to find some
information on
you
should
/ may
be read a lot.
4 have
the Internet.
werent
at
school Tina could play the piano
5 can / should / must
I should
277
6 has/had
276
7 have
8 has / had
1 1 some
1 You shouldn't1eat
lots of
must
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
21
2
3
4
5
6
7
some
a
some
some
an
some
a
JB
c
c
A
B
A
B
3 1 is
2
3
4
5
6
7
is
are
is
are
is
are
GRAMMAR ANSWERS
(Suggested answers)
1/
200,000
51,210
1 eighteen
1 How rawc/
How many
ninety
How many
forty-nine
How much
seventy-one
How many
sixty-four
How much
c
g
ninety-seven
How much
1A
B
A
fourteen
e
j
d
b
a
i
c
A
B
B
A
B
1 There are too many

people.
twenty-three
How many
1 much
1 third
many
ninth
twenty-first
much
thirtieth
many
fifth
much
second
There is too much

noise.
Ive got too many
much
forty-third
Checkpoint 8
things to do.
many
many
1 How many brothers
There are too many
have you got?
cars.
How much English do

you know?
There is too much

sugar.
How many people are

there?
There are too many

books.
How many bicycles do

you need?
Ive got too much

work.
How much rice would

you like?
Your homework has

too many mistakes.
Youve got too many

bags.
Theres too much

furniture in this room.
Grammar 48
11
2
3
4
5
6
any
any
an
some
some
a
1 109
278
Grammar 46
1 much
many
much
much
many
How many children has

he got?
How much money have
you got?
Grammar 47
1e
c
7 some
2 1 much
2 much
3 any
4 any / enough
5 many
6 many
7 any
31
2
3
4
5
6
7
are
are
is
are
are
is
is
4 1 much
2 in
3 in
much
Grammar 49
many
much
many
many
much
1 enough money
is
is
enough / much
havent got
many
(Suggested answers)
Unfortunately
David
hasnt got many friends.
I havent got much tea.

There isnt much sugar
left.
Can you give me some
information about hotels
in the centre?
This is Gerrys furniture.
We havent got any milk.

(Suggested answers)
ts are
art
some
were
was
peoples people
279
00
4 into
5 on
6 at
7 at
to
2 1 at
2 to
0
0
3 at
4 to
5 to
6 to
7 at
at
9 to
1 at
0
3 1 in
2
3
4
5
6
7
in
at
in
in
at
at
8 at
9 in
1 at
4 10 in
2 on
3
4
5
6
7
8
51
2
3
4
on
in
on
in
on
on
c
c
A
B
5 c
6 A
7 B
6 1 to
2
3
to
at
6 at
7 8 to
7 1 in
2 at
3 on
4 at
5 in
6 at
7 on
8 into
9 to
2 opposite
4 in front of me
6 out of
7 next to
8 inside
21 B
2B
3 A
4 c
5c
6A
7 A
8c
Grammar 50
1 inside
in
out
out
outside
behind
next
near
inside
front
1 Jack isnt at home.
David sits in front of
Anna.
Rita lives near the
station.
Please wait outside the
room.
The man next to me
was reading a
magazine.
9 A
1c
0
3 1 behind
2
3
4
5
in
inside
near
opposite
7 in front of
8 out of
41 B
2B
3 A
4 B
5 B
11
2
3
4
the
a
the
the
I looked in the
5
6
7
8
a
the
an
the
2 1 a, i/ze
00
2
3
4
5
6
7
the, a
The, the
a, the
a, the
the, a
the, a
a, the
280
1 good
3 old
4 ill
GRAMMAR ANSWERS

(Suggestedthat
answers)
Jane ishers
an English
teacher.
Love
makes
This is1 the
last
bus. the world
go round!
Have Help!
you seen
Callthe
the police!
Have
Grammar
53you got a
1 MS computer?
theirs
Is that dog yours?
that
These houses are ours.
mine
This seat is hers.
these
This classroom is
her theirs.
paper today?
Kate enjoyed her

The English
likeintea.
holiday
Turkey.
A telescope helps you to
see Have
thingsyou
that
metaremvfar
away.
my
team.
Grammar 56
them
1 Is that book yours or
brother?
Ann is a member of a
None of the questions
was easy.
This is the end of the
1 this Sams?
road.
Those bags are theirs.
one
Tim is a university
Its quicker to go to the
student.
station on foot.
those
Grammar 52
this
Everything I wrote was

1a
wrong.
a
- Think about grammar!
The
True.
the
-
Whose CD is this?
Davids sisters cats

name is Syrup.
Have you met Pats
brothers?
these Are those shoes hers?

that
These are the girls

fathers.
ones
one
Those are the teachers

cars.
True.
1 the
False. The meaning of
the two words is similar,
in some contexts, but
they are not the same.
Grammar 55
the
1 Ive got your phone
-
number in my book.
(Suggested answers)
Harry has got a new
bike.
Sue is still
in bed.
We went
to thegot
citytime to do
I havent
centre my
on foot.
homework.
DavidSue
wears
hasglasses
got a bad cold.
made of plastic.
Ive got an idea!

George came here by
bus.
1 yours
Naomiher
speaks French.
mine
1 yoursThese sandwiches are

ours, not yours.
mine
her
me
ours
him
hers
its
My books are in my
friends bag.
Whose gloves are
these?
That is Jacks fathers
bike.
1 the
Grammar
54shop window
1 something
the table leg
Everything
the car door
Someone
the school playground
nothing
anyone
No one/Nobody
Someone
There was nothing in the

Grammar 57
box.
1 Whats your teacher

There are none left.
like?
I met Whats
somebody
the endwho
of the
knows you.
film like?
I ate nothing.
What are your parents
like?
Do you know anybody
in this town?
What s the weather in
your country like?
Checkpoint 9
1c
c
B
A
B
A
1a
a
the
a
the
a
the
What are your next

door neighbours
like?
Whats Helens new
boyfriend like?
Whats the city centre
one
1 a, the
The, the, the
the, the, an, a
the
The, (Suggested answers)
There isnt anything in
the cupboard.
Everyone enjoyed the
party.
No one was out.
Someone is in the
garden.
281
5 Japanese
7 Chinese
8 funny
31
2
3
4
too
too
enough
too
5 too
6 enough
7 enough
1 1 f/ie longest
3
4
5
6
7
8
21
2
3
4
5
6
GRAMMAR ANSWERS
the funniest
the most terrible
the best
the widest
the nastiest
the strangest
a sweet
puppy
little
black
1 a football boot
a running shoe
a country road
best
oldest
more
worst
richest
happier
an athletics stadium
a swimming costume
a mountain village
a university student
7 more
3 1 Dave is the tallest.
a school bus
2 Tom is the shortest. 1 boring

3 Jim is the eldest.
interesting
4 Tom is the youngest.
6 Jim is the lightest.
tired
exciting
worried
interested
bored
confusing
hotter
more expensive
1 than
as
less
than
more
than
as
than
1 younger than Tim.
smaller than ours.
shorter than David.
are better than Jacks.
as expensive as this
one.
is faster than yours.

1 is bigger than
is smaller than
is not as large as
Grammar 60
1 tired
shocked
amazing
disappointed
confusing
tiring
worried
amusing
Grammar 59
1 The girl is taller than

the boy.
The woman is younger
Grammar 58
a lovely new cotton
shirt
a large old wooden
house
two beautiful large
green apples
an interesting new
science-fiction film
than the man.
The large box is more

expensive than the small
one.
282
a beautiful old green

vase
a short red plastic coat
Checkpoint 10
1 belong
the
enough
than
got
as
Whose
better
(Suggested answers)
This is my pen. / This
pen is mine.
Those are their bags. /
Those bags are theirs.
That is Toms house.

/ That house belongs to
Tom.
Thats their baby. /

That baby is theirs.
Who does this farm

belong to? / Whose is
this farm?
Is that your bike? / Is
that bike yours?
That boat is Oscar and

Cathys. / That is their
boat.
1B
A
c
A
B
B
(Suggested answers)
My tea is too cold.
What a great film!
You arent old enough
to see this film.
283
GRAMMAR ANSWERS

enjoy
know
compare two things.

Grammar
Superlatives compare
1 for
one with many.
at
66 Its
lend
False. We add an from

apostrophe, but not
choose
with s.
of
with
1 to pay for my
ticket.
Grammar
61
about
1 quickly
stand playing football.
on
you explain this
to
fast
for
with
to wait.
wonderfully
in
1 ready
about you last happily
night.
to go to the badly
cinema
tonight.
specially
going to the park.
well
this pencil belong to
angry
full
tired / bored
It
There
their
Its
Theyre
There
Its
1 It
there
there
their
It
there
It
its
there
It
do
believe
done
pleased
1 wetti
found
Grammar 63
good
to
I havent got a stamp.
the chocolatesadly
cake/
one.
right
Did Jim have a cold last

week?
Can you lendgreatly

me your
phone, please?
well
We managed to sail
home despite beautifully
the bad
specially
weather.
completely
She apologized
for
stealing the money.
frequently
Tim paid for the
sandwiches. 1 Jim works well.
1 Has Jane got a new car?
afraid / scared
keen
Have we got a
problem?
You dont have a test

today.
1 George was late for
Has Paul got a sister?
school.
1 I had a cat.
Im bored with staying at
Did you have a bike?
home.
pleased
Jim didnt have any

Ann is married to
time.
Chris.
David had an exam.

Im sorry about my
behaviour.
We didnt have a
Ann dances
I want to visit the
house.
wonderfully.
Jack is very good at
museum this
cycling.
afternoon.
Did Tina have a cold?
Carol writes accurately.
1 earn in
Are you interested
They dont know very
Tina sings badly. history?
much about British
receive
history.
Sam smokes secretly.
Checkpoint 11
buy
1B
Sue doesnt enjoy
Ruth
runs
fast.
watching television.
A
become
B
Pablo drives carefully.
c
collect
284
made
listens
you?
slowly
to finish the race in
three minutes. beautifully
1 freshly
1 Do you fancy going
sincerely
swimming tomorrow?
make
politely
loudly
1 refused
go/come
came
goes
go
going
went
going/coming
1/
b
a
g
d
e
h
c
Grammar 65
1 walking
going
about
to
cooking
in
to go
for
doing
for
(Suggested answers)
for
fancy
know

do
Excuse
should
1d
b
e
f
a
c
Grammar 68
3 I apologize for missing
4 Harry is bored with his
lessons.
5 I cant stand getting up
early.
people.
7 Ricardo is very bad at
football.
5 1 went
2 up
4 forward
5 in
7 made
8 going

False
True
True
Grammar 67
1/
c
a
e
b
d
1 Sorry
11
2
3
4
5
does /flc/c look

sorry Im
know the way
you feel
you tell me the way
going
285
6 is Paris
2 1 Go
2 do
3 way
5 sorry
7 how
8 tell
31
2
3
4
5
e
h
a
f
g
7 d
GRAMMAR ANSWERS
Checkpoint 12
you?
you tell me the time?
(Suggested answers)
1 The twenty-first of June
Would you mind

helping me?
The second of August
Would you like to go to

the disco?
The fifteenth of
February
Do you want me to
carry your books?
The first of May
Grammar 70
1B
A
A
B
A
A
(Suggested answers)
e
a
b
f
d
(Suggested answers)
about going to the
cinema?
you want a sandwich?
you like to sit down?
2
3
4
5
6
What s Tony like

Im sorry Im late
286
half past three
my fault
Id go to the doctors
opening the window,
please?
The twentieth of
January
The sixteenth of
November
1B
c
A
c
c
about
A
A
mind
Could / Can
B
A
about
1c
The thirty-first of
October
Can / May I leave early?
Shall we go to the
park?
Grammar 69
The nineteenth of
March
Grammar 72
out
1 8.50
Could / Can
11.15
5.20
5.45
8.25
4.55
prefer
Lets
1 Look out
Could you
How about
Ill
Of course
Would you mind
Shall
11.10
11.35
1 half past two
(a) quarter to two
(a) quarter past four
(a) quarter to four
(a) quarter past five
half past nine
7 the 20th of November

8 What is Edinburgh like
21 B
2 B
3 c
4B
5 c
6 B
7 A
3 1 were
2 like
3 way
5
6
7
8
Lets
Dont
to
mind
4 1 going
3 How are you
5 finishes
6 open
8 11 see
1 Would you mind closing
the door, please?
3 Do you mind if I close
the door?
4 Do you feel like going
swimming?
5 Would you like some
chocolate?
6 Why dont we have a
party on Friday?
6 1 the way to the station
2 at three oclock
3 does your English
teacher look like
4 go to bed early
11
2
3
4
swimming
writing
beginning
deciding

Dear Miss Green, Im writing
I dont think so
to you to tell you that
Steven isnt coming Could
to
you tell me
school today because
hes not feeling very
going
well. Hell be in class
again on Friday morning.
If youd like to Think
talk toabout grammar!
They write them in
me, you can call me False.
at
home. When is the last
day of term?
different ways.
Best wishes,
True.
John Roberts
True.
Grammar 74
Grammar 73
1
Janes party.
I think the dogs hurt
one of its legs.
Wheres Helens
brothers bike?
1 Whats the matter with
Mrs Smiths dog?

Carols got two
brothers, a sister and
three cousins.
Thats not yours. Its
mine.
I bought some
bananas, two apples
and some sandwiches.
Dont worry. The boys
will borrow their
friends bikes.
A
B
A
Theres something
wrong with Anns car.
B
B
c
1 Whats the matter with
you? You look ill

Helens shoes had holes
in them, so her mother
gave her some money
to buy new ones.
What s your name, and
where do you come
from?
Wow! Annas won two
prizes in the painting
competition!
In the end, Jack decided
to go home.
He went back to the
bus station, bought an
icecream and waited
for the next bus.
1 Its six oclock. Its time
for the news.
Have you seen the

swimming pool? Its
fantastic.
Its eight oclock. Its
time for the bus.
Helen hasnt met
Davids sister, has she?
Look at that tree! Its
leaves are a strange
colour.
1 There was a big, red
bus.
We had meat, potatoes
and vegetables for
lunch.
He was a tall,
handsome man.
We took a book, a pen
and a ruler.
Ive decided to buy Jims

old boots.
287
6 successful
7 wonderful
8 carefully
2 1 chocolate
2
3
4
5
6
beautiful
answered
address
accommodation
beginning
8 disappointed
3 1 beleive believe
2 dairy diary
4 cuboard cupboard
5 changeing changing
7 deepper deeper
8 bkt blood
4 1 disappeared
2 believe
3 angry
5 different
6 apple
7 coming
2 un
3 im
4 dis
GRAMMAR ANSWERS
b
a
e
1 bathroom
Grammar 75
advertisement,
1 February
friends
accomodation
raincoat
eight
accommodation
homework
suitcase
write right,hundred
diferent
different
discussed
seaside
Febuary February,
half
vilage village
bookshop
playground
favourite
advise advice,
otrreyour
immediately
1 I was very disappointed
motorbike
when I 1couldnt
answer
brt forty
the questions.
1 lifeboat
foreign
A climbingforem
holiday
postbox
bedtime
schooldays
doorbell
tablecloth
farmhouse
headache
handwriting
armchair
1A
derty dirty
Are you coming with us
to the cinema
famitty family
tomorrow?
1 won
Do you believe that
people canmeat
travel
through time?
son
Jim has just written two
letters to his uncle.
weak
B
A
B
Oh bother! Ive
were
forgotten my keys. Ill
have to go back.
know
c
B
B
Carol likes walking in

steal
the country
and seeing
wild animals.
write
c
A
c
B
Checkpoint 13
1c
A
B
is differentfrttrt
, butfruit
its a bit
dangerous.
hungrey hungry
Fortunately, all Helens
friends remembered
her
hospittal hospital
birthday.
gess guess
Peter tries to learn a
new foreign
language
enjoied
enjoyed
every year.
Which is your favourite

Whose
advertisement
on
television?
passed
5 Students own answers.

1 on
Students own answers.
1 leter letters,
writer! written
leaveing leaving,
alarme alarm
goeing going,
holliday holiday
rember remember,
srerree science
chooseing choosing,
brougth brought
writting writing,
penfreind penfriend
w ottderftri l wonderful,
jotrmy journey
5
6
7
8
un
re
un
dis
2 1 ous
2 ful
3 er
4 ing
6 ly
8 able
3 1 in
2 at
3 betwi
4 from
5 on
6 on
7 in
8 to
4 1/
2g
3h
4 i
5d
6c
7 j
288
1 1 Whats your name?

3 live
4 address
6 birth
7 stay
8 job
2a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
31
2
Vocabulary 1
4
7
2
3
8
5
1
6
woman
friend

False. A full stop ends
a sentence; a question
mark ends a question.
False. A dictionary
can help you check
your spelling.
True and False.
Something is only
difficult if you think it is.
289
3 boy
5
6
7
8
41
2
3
4
5
6
family
girl
teenager
foreigner
B
c
A
A
B
B
7 c
8
9
10
11
12
13
B
B
c
B
B
c
5 1 born
2 child
3 parents
5 speak
6 spent
8 left
9 family
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
1
1
1
2
21
2
3
4
5
Jack and Jane

Tom and Bill
Sue
Bill
Sue
David
Jane
David
Jack
Sue
Jane
to
relatives
person
old
stranger
7 twins
8 eldest
3 1 husband
2 sister
3 daughter
4 father
6 brother
7 parents
9 wife
1 grandfather
0
Vocabulary 2
4 1 daughter
2
3
4
5
6
7
wife
son
twins
sister
children
husband
5
6
7
window
floor
bathroom
VOCABULARY ANSWERS
1 in
favourite
join
spends
hobby
spare
member
to the cinema
1c
A
c
D
D
A
D
B
1c
B
B
A
A
Vocabulary 4
1 ceiling
door
floor
wall
light
chair
window
Vocabulary 3
11/
a
e
g
b
c
h
d
radiator
1 bedroom
study
living room
kitchen
bathroom
290
armchair
B
2
3
4
5
6
7
A
D
D
B
A
c
D
c
00
51
Vocabulary 5
1 1 greengrocers
3
4
5
6
7
market
chemists
bakers
butchers
post office
dentists
shelf
electrician
wardrobe
cook
teacher
were
job
bed
1 architect
3 1 B
2 B
3 c
4A
5 c
6 A
7 B
8 A
4 1 police station
3 library
5 station
6 theatre
7 block of flats
some spaghetti
some biscuits
some chips
a salad
a sausage
7 some fruit
8 some bread
2 1 snack
breakfast
meal
lunch
Dinner
food
1 curtains
poster
6 country
8 world
Vocabulary 7
typist
5 village
2 country
3 capital
3
4
5
6
7
1 company
1g
e
c
b
h
a
f
d
8 newsagents
2 1 place
11
2
3
4
5
Vocabulary 6
lawyer
soldier
nurse
electrician
gardener
musician
scientist
actor
sailor
1 teacher
doctor
actor
shop assistant
student
writer
lamp
carpet
table
1 cooker / fridge
blanket / wardrobe /
pillow
armchair / carpet / table
mirror / shower
desk / bookshelf
table / chair
1A
A
c
B
B
8
9
1
3 10
picnic
take-away
course
Boil
2 fry
Vocabulary 10
2 1 clouds
2 thunder
3 frozen
4 shower
5 blows
6 sunshine
7 wet
2 straw
3 plate
1 1 Mrs Green
2 Mr Davis
8 lightning
3 1 raining
4 tray
5 knife
6 cup
7 fork
3 Paula
4 Richard
5 Paula
6 Mr Davis
2 sunny
3 lightning
4 freezing
5 windy
8 Mr Davis
2 1 sock
7 snowing
415
5 vegetarian
6 the food
7 done
8 bread
9 cook
10 chicken
4 1 spoon
Vocabulary 9
1 1 horse
2 dog
3 cat
4 bird
5 fish
7 monkey
8 lizard
2 1 take
6a
7b
8c
9d
10 h
2 overcoat
3 hat
4 belt
5 earring
6 glove
2A
3B
4c
5A
6B
8 underwear
8c
31 A
2c
9A
10 B
3 barks
4B
Vocabulary
4 fly
5 wild
5c
1 1 hair
2 eye
7 climbing
8 feeds
9 deep
10 tail
8A
3 1 bite
2 jump
3 live
4 make
5 like
6 sing
7 hunt
8 catch
9 ride
10 feed
41i
2f
4j
6A
9c
10 B
4 1 Sfl/e
2 size
3 counter
4 label
5 shoplifter
6 bargain
7 customer
8 assistant
Vocabulary 11
11d
4 arm
5 finger
6 foot
7 leg
8 hand
9 nose
10 ear
2 1 legs
2 hand
3 back
4 hair
5 nose
6 fingers
2f
3e
7 toes
8 neck
31%
5c
3 foot
291
6b
5e
4 eye
VOCABULARY ANSWERS
arm
1 1 eye
waist
head
4 feet
5 a cold
6 have
7 ill
ear
1c
B
A
8 wash
21 B
2 A
3 c
4 A
5 B
6 B
7 A
8 c
9 c
B
A
1 B
0
3 1 healthy
3 broken
4 dangerous
5 bleeding
6 fit
8 injured
4 1 back ache
2 fever
3 dizzy
5 headache
6 stomach ache
7 cold
1 1 hill
2 tree
3 lake
292
Vocabulary 14
4 fence
5 field
6 bush
8 flower
2 1 bushes
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
31
3
4
5
6
7
lake
fence
tree
field/fields
flowers
hill
stream
hill
fields
island
lake
beach
country
8 coast
4 1 on
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
51
2
3
4
5
6
7
at
in
under
at
in
on
in
river
field
sea
mountain
forest
island
hill
1 1 stop
3 trip
5
6
7
8
21
2
3
4
return
home
leave
miss
c
B
B
5B
6 B
7 c
8 A
Vocabulary 15
9 B
1 A
0
3 1 bus
2
3
4
5
6
7
plane
bike
train
car
boat
ship
8 taxi
4 1 plane
3 ship
5 bus
6 boat
7 train
Vocabulary 17
6 calculator
7 MP3 player
8 kettle
3 1 pencil
3 locked
4 went out
5 washing
7 ruler
8 clock
41
2A
3B
4 c
5 A
Vocabulary 16
1 calculator
mobile phone
camera
dishwasher
MP3 player
DVD player
kettle
11
2
3
4
passport
foreign
continents
map
tin opener
293
1b
f
e
a
g
c
h
d
Vocabulary 18
51 A
2
cB
c
c
B
A
Holland,
Poland
England,
5 singing
7
8
9
1
0
dish
trip
takes off
ranges
2 1 to
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
in
at
in
in
to
in
at
3 1 Italian
2 Spanish
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
11
2
3
4
5
6
French
Greek
Brazilian
Swiss
Turkish
Polish
Argentinian
study
look it up
homework
teaches
bookshelf
hard
Malaysia, New
Zealand, Morocco
E
H
Singapore,
7
8
9
1
0
1
1
1
2
21
absent
failed
teacher
aloud
put up
mistakes
2 A
3 B
4 c
5B
6 A
7 c
8 B
9 c
1 B
0
3 1 share
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
1
4 10
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
fail
take
copy
explain
have
underline
practise
make
lesson
term
notes
class
attendance
timetable
break
uniform
subject
1 project
0
2 buy
3 receipt
4 money
7
8
9
1
0
21
loaf
sign
bag
costs
h
VOCABULARY ANSWERS
Vocabulary 19
swimming
singers
2e
3 j
5
6
7
8
9
1
3 10
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
like
i
c
f
d
g
b
At the newsagents
to the cinema
At the post office

At the chemists
At the butchers
At the grocers
At the travel agent s
At the bakers
At the caf
for a walk
classical
cartoon
beat
made an excuse
1 health club
football club / stadium
tennis club / court
41 A
2
3
4
5
6
7
Vocabulary 20
1 record
running club / track
swimming club / pool
playing field
B
A
A
B
8 B
cycle track
golf course
skating rink
51 D
2 B
ski slope
3 A
4 c
5 B
6 D
7 D
8 A
9 c
(Suggested answers)
health club
swimming pool
a cycle track
running track
playing field
294
295
Elementary
Intermediate
First
Elementary
Language
Language
Certificate
Practice
Language
Advanced
Language
With Key
978-0-23072696-3
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Language
978-0-23072711-3
Without Key
978-0-23072697-0
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Cambridge ESOL
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PET
FCE
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978-0-2307-
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Suitable for students at KET / A2 level

Macmillan Education Between Towns Road, Oxford 0X4 3PP A division

Grammar starter test

am, is, are

she plays; always,

Present simple: negative and questions

I dont like... Do you walk?

Present continuous: negative and questions

Vm not waiting. Is he waiting?

Past simple (regular verbs): negative and questions

I didnt start; did you start?

Past simple (irregular verbs): affirmative

We didnt go. Did you go?

yet, already, since, for, ago

Be going to: plans and predictions

Its going to rain.

Ill see you at 7.30.

Will or going to?

Present continuous: future use

Future time words

Reported speech and past perfect

She said that she was leaving. I had started

a lot of money is spent

Peter was kidnapped by aliens.

Jogging is good fun!

Zero conditional and conditional 1

I stay at home. If we miss the bus,

If I knew the answer, I would tell them.

If you fall, youll hurt yourself.

Did I pass the test?

Who is that? What eats fish?

You like chips, dont you?

Modals: ability and possibility

Modals: negative obligation

can, cant, cannot

must, have to, should

mustn't, dont have to, shouldnt Grammar 40

couldnt, had to, didn't have to Grammar 41 Modals: possibility,

uncertainty, impossibility, certainty

might, may, could, cant,

Modals: main points

potatoes, families, knives,

feet, sheep Grammar 44 Countable

and uncountable nouns 1

a, an, some, any

Countable and uncountable nouns 2

too much , too many, enough

one, first, Vi, 1.5

Prepositions of place and movement

at, to, into

Prepositions and adverbials of place and position

behind Grammar 51 Articles 1

of, near, opposite, next to, in front of,

Articles 2: zero article

Janes house; the roof of the house Grammar 57

Order of adjectives; adjectives with -ed or -ing

Making comparisons 1: comparative adjectives

happy; rich and famous; tired,

Lisa is older than Clara.

Making comparisons 2: superlative adjectives

She is the fastest runner.

Adverbs: formation and position

Jim wrote quickly.