Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Fertility
Carrie Laboski
2. Nutrient uptake
mechanisms
effect of soil characteristics
3. Cation exchange
factors affecting
relative magnitude
Essential nutrients
Structural
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Essential nutrients
Primary
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Potassium
Essential nutrients
Secondary
Calcium
Magnesium
Sulfur
Essential nutrients
Micronutrients
Iron
Manganese
Copper
Zinc
Boron
Molybdenum
Chlorine
Nickel
Essential nutrients
Beneficial or Enhancing
Sodium
Silicon
Cobalt
Selenium
Aluminum
2+
Ca
-
NO3
NO3-
Ca2+
NO3-
NO3NO3-
NO3NO3-
NO3-
H2PO4Mn2+
Zn2+
H2PO4Zn2+
H2PO4-
Principal ways in which ions move from soil to the roots of corn
Percentage Supplied by
Amount of Nutrient
Required for 150 bu/a
of Corn (lb/a)
Root
Interception
Mass Flow
Diffusion
170
99
35
94
175
20
78
Ca
35
171
429
Mg
40
38
250
20
95
Cu
0.1
10
400
Zn
0.3
33
33
33
0.2
10
350
Fe
1.9
11
53
37
Mn
0.3
33
133
Mo
0.01
10
200
Nutrient
K+
Al3+ > H+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ = NH4+ >Na+
NH4+
Ca2+
H+
Importance of CEC
Nutrient retention
Nutrient availability
Act as buffer
Type of clay
Estimated by summing exch. Ca + Mg + K
5g
Est. CEC = ppm Ca x ppm Mg x ppm K x
200
122
391
wt. of soil
in 5 g scoop
CEC (meq/100g)
35
10 20
Loams
10 15
Silt loams
15 25
20 50
Organic soils
50 100
From Havlin et al., 2005
Soil moisture
Organic matter
CEC
Questions?