A.

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

I. DEFINITION :
The simple present tense is a form to express habitual/action
II. PATTERN
(+)
(-)
(?)

S
Sheila
S
Sheila
Do/doe

VI es/s
studies
do/does
does
S

Not
not

O
English
O
English
O

VI
study
VI

s
Does
Sheila
study
English
Yes she does
B. PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE
I. DEFINITION :
The prensent continuous tense is for med with
The prensent tense of the auxiling verb be
The prensent participle
II. PATTERN
(+)
(-)

S
Dona
S
Dona

(?)

Tobe I
is
no, She is not

tobe I
is
tobe I
is
S
Dona

Complement
everynight
Complement
everynight
Complement
everynight

V-ing
singing
not
not

O
a song
V-ing
O
singin a song

Complement
now
Complement
now

V-ing
singing

g
O
a song

Complement
now

C. PRENSENT PERFECT TENSE

I. DEFINITION :
Continoing
II. PATTERN
(+)
(-)

(?)

have/has

VIII

Aulia

has

head

A novel

for 2 hours

have/h

not

VIII

Aulia

as
has

not

read

A novel

for 2 hours

have/has

VIII

has

Aulia

read

A novel

for 2

hours
yes, she has
D. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSE
I. DEFINITION :
Present perfect continous tense is is for med to express an action which
began in the past an still continuring
II. PATTERN
(+)

have/h

bee

V-ing

as
have

n
bee

watchin

have/h

n
not

as
have

not

J
(-)

(?)

have/h
as
have

Television

for 2

g
been

V-ing

hours
C

been

watchin

Television

for 2

hours
?
?

bee

V-ing

g
O

n
bee

watchin

Televisio

for 2

hours

E. SIMPLE PAST TENSE

I. DEFINITION :
Simple past tense is for med that is vsed to express past activity
II. PATTERN
(+)
(-)

(?)

S
Yusuf
S
Yusuf
did
did

VII
played
did
did

O
football
not
not

S
Yusuf

VI
play

C
yes terday
VI
O
play
football

C
yes

O
football

terday
?
?

C
yes
terday

yes, he did
F. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
I. DEFINITION :
Past continuous tense is formed which is vsed to express an activity that
was occuring
II. PATTERN
(+)

S
Shinta

tobe II
Was

V-ing
eating

O
Pizza

(-)

S
Shinta

tobe II
was

not
not

V-ing
eating

(?)

tobe II
was

S
Shinta

V-ing
eating

O
Pizza

C
inrestaura
O
Pizza

nt
C
inrestaura

C
Inrestaur

nt
?
?

ant
yes, she does
G. PAST PERFECT TENSE
I. DEFINITION :
Past perfect tense is formed to express an action which began before the
time of speaking in the past
II. PATTERN
(+)

HAD

VIII

(-)

(?)

Lina

had

written

a letter

S
Lina

HAD
had

not
not

VIII
written

HAD
had

S
Lina

VIII
written

for 2

O
a letter

O
a letter

hours
C
for 2

C
for 2

hours
?
?

hours
yes, she had
H. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
I. DEFINITION
Past perfect continuous tense is formed to express an action which
began before the time of speaking in the past, and continued up to that
time or stopped just before it.
II.PATTERN
(+)

S
Rober

Had
had

Been
been

(-)

t
S
Rober

Had
had

Not
not

(?)

t
Had
Had

S
Robert

Been
been

V-ing
listening

O
to the radio

Been
been

V-ing
listening

O
to the radio

V-ing
listening

O
to the radio

?
?

I. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

I. DEFINITION
Simple future tense is formed to express and action which implies
intention alone, & this intention is usually though not necessarily
unpremeditated.
II.PATTERN
(+)
(-)
(?)

S
Robert
S
Robert
Will
Will

Will
will
Will
will
S
Robert

Not
not

VI
study
VI
study
VI
study

O
English
O
English
O
English

C
next year
C
next month
C
next week?

J. FUTURE BE GOING TO
I. DEFINITION
Future be going to is formed to express a permenditated intention
an often an intention plan.
II.PATTERN
(+)

To be

Going to

VI

(-)

(?)

Lisa

is

going to

climb

the

one day

S
Lisa

To be
is

Not
not

VI
climb

mountain
O
the

C
one day

VI
climb

mountain
O
the

C
one day?

To be
Is

Going to
going to

S
Lisa

Going to
going to

mountain
K. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
I. DEFINITION
Future continuous tense is formed to express a definite arrangement
in the near future.
II.PATTERN
(+)

Will/shal

Be

(-)

John
S

l
will
Will/shal

be
Not

(?)

l
John
will
Will/sha S

not
Be

ll
Will

be

John

Be
be

Ving

playing
Ving

tennis
O

tomorrow
C

playing
Ving

tennis
O

tomorrow
C

playing

tennis

tomorrow

L. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

I. DEFINITION
Future perfect tense is formed to express an activity that has
finished in the future when another activity.
II.PATTERN
(+) S
I
(-)

(?)

Will/shal

Have

VIII

Complement

l
shall

have

made

adre

when mother comes

ss
O

home tomorrow
Complement

Will/shal

No

Hav

a
VIII

l
shall

t
no

e
hav

made

adre

when mother comes

Will/sha S

t
e
Have

a
VIII

ss
O

home tomorrow
Complement

ll
Shall

have

made

adre

when mother comes

ss

home tomorrow?

M. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

I. DEFINITION

Future perfect continuous tense is formed to express an activity

that have begun and is going on, when another activity had occurred in
the past.
II.PATTERN
(+)

S
We

Had
had

Been
been

Ving
living here for 2

Complement
when came here

years

in 1980

(-)
(?)
N.
I. DEFINITION
II.PATTERN
(+)
(-)
(?)
O.
I. DEFINITION
II.PATTERN
(+)
(-)
(?)
P.