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TEHNICIAN OPTOMETRIST
ANUL I
Modulul II
COMUNICARE PROFESIONAL N
LIMBA ENGLEZ
Welcome.
Say Goodbye
(It was) nice meeting you.
Good bye.
Bye. / See you.
See you later.
See you soon.
See you tomorrow.
See you next week.
Good night.
Have a nice day. / evening.
Health
How are you?
How are you today?
Fine, thank you/thanks.
Not too bad.
Very well.
I'm OK / all right.
Not too well, actually.
What's wrong with you?
What's the matter with you?
Are you all right?
I'm tired.
I'm exhausted
- Buna ziua!
- Buna ziua! Intrati, va rog! Eu sunt dl. John. Cu ce va pot ajuta?
- Am nevoie de o pereche de ochelari de soare.
- Poftiti!
- Multumesc!
- Cu placere!
- La revedere!
- O zi placuta!
2.
- Buna!
- Buna! Ce mai faci?
- Bine, multumesc! Cum te cheama?
- Ma cheama Ana.
- Cati ani ai?
- Am 22 de ani.
- Trebuie sa plec, am o programare la optometrist.
- Imi pare bine de cunostinta!
- Si mie!
The noun ( Substantivul )
(s):
book - books carte - cri
boy - boys
biat - biei
(es):ch,sh,ss,x,o,z:
bench - benches banc - bnci
brush - brushes
perie - perii
box - boxes
cutie cutii
Modulul II COMUNICARE PROFESIONAL N LIMBA ENGLEZ
lens lenses
lentila - lentile
doamn - doamne
f (e) v+es
wife - wives
soie - soii
wolf - wolves
lup - lupi
shelf - shelves
raft - rafturi
life - lives
via - viei
knife - knives
cuit - cuite
substantive numai cu form de singular care se acord cu verbul numai la singular: sugar,
tea, water, coffee, oil, meat, money, homework, information, knowledge, furniture, music,
advice, love, friendship, courage.
substantive numai cu form de plural care se acord numai cu verbul la plural: glasses,
sunglasses, scissors, trousers, jeans, shorts, scales (cntar), pyjamas, glasses /spectacles,
spectacles, tongs (clete), nail clippers (unghier), savings (economii), chemicals, goods
(bunuri), binocular.
substantive cu form numai de plural care se acord cu verbul numai la singular: news,
mumps (oreion), measles (pojar), cards (cri), billiards, ninepins (popice).
pozitiv: expensive
comparativ de inferioritate (mai putin...): less expensive than ;
comparativ de egalitate (la fel de...): as expensive as ; ( negativ nu la fel... : not as
expensive as )
comparativ de superioritate (mai...): more expensive than
superlativ relativ (cel mai...): the most expensive
superlativ absolut ( foarte... ): very expensive
3. Adjective neregulate (Irregular Adjectives):
good ( bun) - better - the best
bad /ill ( rau/bolnav ) - worse - the worst
little (putin ) - less - the least
much / many (mult ) - more - the most
* many se foloseste pentru substantive nenumarabile : water, information, sand, work
far ( departe - in spatiu) - farther - the farthest (n spaiu)
old (in varsta ) - elder - the eldest (despre membri ai aceleiai familii: his elder brother)
Adjectivul demonstrativ:
this (acest, aceasta)
cheap ( ieftin )
thick ( gros )
easy ( usor)
big ( mare )
elegant ( elegant )
small ( mic )
pleasant ( placut )
blue
black
red
grey
brown
yellow
violet
pink
dark blue
orange
light blue
green
silvery
Wednesday - miercuri
Monday luni
Thursday joi
Tuesday marti
Friday vineri
July
February
August
March
September
April
October
May
November
June
December
autumn - toamna
summer vara
winter - iarna
Modulul II COMUNICARE PROFESIONAL N LIMBA ENGLEZ
Exercises:
I. Translate into English:
1. Am programare la doctor pentru luni dimineata, la ora 7.
2. Sunt nascuta in mai, nu in iunie.
3. Vara este anotimpul meu preferat.
4. Iti place rosul? Nu. Sunt innebunita ( crazy about ) dupa galben foarte deschis.
5. Lui ii sta bine cu ramele acelea albastre.
6. Nu-i aminti ca nu am fost nicaieri vara trecuta.
7. Nu-mi place iarna. Este prea frig pentru mine.
8. Lui nu-i vine sa creada ca este miercuri si nu a invatat nimic.
9. 21 iunie este cea mai lunga zi a anului, iti vine sa crezi?
10. Nu-mi amintesc ziua lui de nastere.
11. Este innebunita dupa lunile de vara.
12. Pot sa ma duc la tehnicianul optometrist numai luni.
II. Complete the text with one of the following words:
nephew, quite, nieces, better, already, thinner, pension, the best, age
1. She is plump and short for her , but she hopes she will get .
2. Her brother, Mike, is at sports. He is at Maths in his class.
3. Richard' s parents have retired on a .
4. He is also an uncle and he has a and two .
III. Answer the following questions:
Use the following words or others : warm, cloudy, rainy, sunny, cold, brightly, blizzard, hot,
misty, fogy, dust, stormy, etc.
1. How many seasons are there in a year?
2. In what season do you see flowers and birds?
3. What is the weather like during the summer?
4. How is the weather in autumn?
Modulul II COMUNICARE PROFESIONAL N LIMBA ENGLEZ
falls
the wind
thunders
the rain
lightens
the snow
blows
the sun
get red
the thunder
shines
the lightening
comes
the leaves
sets in
The numeral (Numeralul):
Numeralul cardinal
Numeralul Ordinal
1 - one
2 - two
3 - three
4 - four
5 - five
6 - six
7 - seven
8 - eight
9 - nine
10 - ten
11 - eleven
12 - twelve
13 - thirteen
14 - fourteen
15 - fifteen
16 - sixteen
17 - seventeen
18 - eighteen
19 - nineteen
20 - twenty
11
21 - twenty-one
22 - twenty-two
23 - twenty-three
24 - twenty-four
30 - thirty
40 - forty
50 - fifty
60 - sixty
70 - seventy
80 - eighty
90 - ninety
the 100th / hundredth = al o sutalea
15.05;
20.30;
21.45;
6.10;
7.40;
9.45;
10.15.
Affirmative/Negative/Question
A:He speaks.
N:He does not speak.
Q:Does he speak?
Use
Signal words
always, every, never, normally,
often, seldom, sometimes, usually
if sentences type I (If I talk,)
A: He is speaking.
N:He is not speaking.
Q:Is he speaking?
Simple past
A: He spoke.
N: He did not speak.
Q: Did he speak?
Past continuous
A: He was speaking.
N: He was not speaking.
Q: Was he speaking?
A: He had spoken.
N: He had not spoken.
Q: Had he spoken?
Past perfect
continuous
Future simple
A: He will speak.
N: He will not speak.
Q: Will he speak?
Future continuous
A: He will be speaking.
N: He will not be speaking.
Q: Will he be speaking?
SIMPLE PAST
PAST PARTICIPLE
TRADUCERE
(to) be
was/were
been
a fi
(to) begin
began
begun
a incepe
(to) bet
bet
bet
a paria
(to) blow
blew
blown
a sufla
(to) break
broke
broken
a sparge
(to) bring
brought
brought
a aduce
(to) build
built
built
a construi
(to) buy
bought
bought
a cumpara
(to) choose
chose
chosen
a alege
(to) come
came
come
a veni
(to) cost
cost
cost
a costa
(to) cut
cut
cut
a taia
(to) do
did
done
a face
(to) draw
drew
drawn
a desena
(to) drink
drank
drunk
a bea
(to) drive
drove
driven
a conduce
(to) eat
ate
eaten
a manca
(to) fall
fell
fallen
a cadea
(to) feed
fed
fed
a hrani
(to) feet
felt
felt
a (se) simti
(to) find
found
found
a gasi
(to) fly
flew
flown
a zbura
(to) forget
forgot
forgotten
a uita
(to) get
got
got
a obtine
(to) give
gave
given
a da
(to) go
went
gone
a merge
(to) have
had
had
a avea
(to) hear
heard
heard
a auzi
(to) hit
hit
hit
a lovi,a nimeri
(to)hold
held
held
a tine
(to) hulrt
hurt
hurt
a rani,durea
(to) keep
kept
kept
a tine,a pastra
(to) know
knew
known
a cunoasta, a sti
(to) leave
left
left
a pleca
(to) light
lit
lit
a aprinde
(to) lose
lost
lost
a pierde
(to) make
made
made
a face
(to) mean
meant
meant
a insemna,a
intelege
(to) meet
met
met
a intalni
(to) pay
paid
paid
a plati
(to) put
put
put
a pune
(to) read
read
read
a citi
(to) retell
retold
retold
a reda, a relata
rode
ridden
a calatori, a merge
cu bicicleta
(to) ring
rang
rung
a suna
(to) run
ran
run
a alerga
(to) say
said
said
a supune
(to) see
saw
seen
a vedea
(to) send
sent
sent
a trimite
(to) shake
shook
shaken
a scutura,a tremura
(to) show
showed
shown
a arata
(to) sing
sang
sung
a canta
(to) sink
sank
sunk
a (se) scufunda
(to) sit
sat
sat
a sta, a se aseza
(to) sleep
slept
slept
a dormi
(to) speak
spoke
spoken
a vorbi
(to) stand
stood
stood
a sta
(to) steal
stole
stolen
a fura
(to) stick
stuck
stuck
a lipi
(to) sting
stung
stung
a intepa
(to) swim
swam
swum
a inota
(to) take
took
taken
a lua
(to) teach
taught
taught
a invata(pe cineva)
(to) tell
told
told
a spune, a povesti
(to) think
thought
thought
a gandi,a crede
(to) throw
threw
thrown
a arunca
(to) understand
understood
understood
a intelege
(to) wake up
woke up
woke up
a (se) trezi
(to) wear
wore
worn
a purta
(to) win
won
won
a castiga
(to) write
wrote
written
a scrie
Exercises:
I. Transform the sentences into affirmative ones and translate them into Romanian:
1. I did not sleep well.
2. They didn't leave the town.
3. The student did not bring his book.
4. You didn't hear him speak.
5. My friend didn't think about it.
6. The Prime Minister didn't come.
7. She did not drive to Mr. John.
8. They didn't lose their key.
9. I didn't fly to Madrid.
10. The young actor didn't sing yesterday.
11. He didn't sell the ring.
12. Charlie did not wake at 8 yesterday.
II. Put the verbs in brackets into Present Perfect Simple:
1. I don't know what (come) over me.
2. We never (sit) for a moment.
3. You (bring) your children?
4. Yes, I (bring) both my twins.
III. Put the verbs in brackets into Present Perfect Simple:
1. John (write) to his friend.
2. The boy (put) his right hand up.
3. She (win) the game.
4. They (swim) to that rock?
5. What (happen) ?
IV. Complete the empty spaces with SINCE or FOR:
! FOR - arata perioada in intregime
SINCE arata inceputul perioadei
Modulul II COMUNICARE PROFESIONAL N LIMBA ENGLEZ
Exemple:
I have lived here FOR 20 years. ( Am locuit aici timp de 20 de ani. )
I have lived here SINCE 1979. ( Locuiesc aici din 1979. )
1. I have been standing ..... 20 minutes.
2. She hasn't work ..... 2004.
3. my child has been studying ...... 3 years.
4. We haven't discussed this matter ..... the meeting began.
5. They have written ..... six o'clock.
6. He has been waiting to see her ..... a very long time.
SICKNESS AND HEALTH VOCABULARY
sickness boala, indispozitie, suferinta
health sanatate
service serviciu
staff personal
to cure a vinedeca
illness boala
to afflict a chinui, a face sa sufere
contagious contagios
surgery operatie
to prevent a preveni
concern grija, preocupare
rest odihna
treatment tratament
to heal a vindeca ( pe cale naturala, de la sine )
patient pacient
up-to-date modern
NTE ( nose, throat, ears ) - ORL ( nas, gat, urechi )
emergency hospital spital de urgenta
to be run down a fi daramat, surmenat
stitch fir de operatie
to remove a indeparta
Modulul II COMUNICARE PROFESIONAL N LIMBA ENGLEZ
The best optometrist is also someone who is equipped with the latest technology. No matter
how personally-charming the optometrist can be, but, if he or she does not possess the right tools
and equipment, there is no guarantee that the diagnosis of your condition was correctly made. A
comprehensive examination can only be done with help of modern eye examination machines. Your
eye care professional should be fully-equipped with these latest optometry tools.
II. Fill in the gaps with Past Perfect Simple:
1. After ________ some tea, I sat down.
2. When ________ all the letters, we went out to lunch.
3. When Alice ________ the furniture, Bill brought in the paint.
4. He _________ the office when he has knocked down by a bus.
III. Put the verbs in brackets in Simple or Continuous Past and translate them:
1. Even patients who (have) recent attacks had to indulge in physical exercises. 2. Patients
who (have) a relatively minor operation had to stay in bed. 3. When I met him he (work) in the
hospital for three years. 4. When the nurse came in the ward john (sleep) for some hours. 5. The
doctor (prepare) himself for the operation since he came to the hospital. 6. We (take) medical
exercise for a week when we we were told to cease them. 7. When the hospital staying was over, I
(stay) there for eight days. 8. You (attend) treatment since you became a patient. 9. John (be) away
from the hospital for two days when his friend learned about it. 10. By the end of the month they
(visit) a lot of specialized hospitals. 11. The doctor told me that he (be) confident the disease could
be controlled.
IV. Translate into English:
1. Dupa ce s-a internat doctorul l-a consultat.
2. Era in spital de cateva ore cand au venit prietenii sa-l viziteze.
3. Facuse tratamentul prescris de medic cand a simtit o sufocare puternica.
4. Facuse multe exercitii medicale ci apoi incepuse sa practice ciclismul.
5. A trebuit sa fie spalat, barbierit si hranit dupa ce a fost operat.
6. Se simtea rau, il dureau capul si spatele cand ei au observat ca era palid.
7. Iarna asta avusese de doua ori gripa.
8. A facut temperatura mare, a simtit o durere puternica de cap, dureri la inghitit si nu putea
dormi.
9. Medicul l-a consultat si i-a dat tratamentul si repaus la pat.
Modulul II COMUNICARE PROFESIONAL N LIMBA ENGLEZ
Exercises:
I. Use one of the following modals to complete sentences:
1. Even if I were angry, I ..... never speak to anyone like this.
2. The homework I'm setting you today ..... be handed in until Monday.
3. She hates the theater here but she ..... go once in a while. It ..... help her learn the
language.
4. This report is urgent . You ..... finish it by four o'clock.
5. ..... I help you with the begs?
6. You ..... phone back, just write a letter confirming our telephone conversation this
afternoon.
7. It's difficult to stay whether they'll accept the offer. They ..... , they ..... not.
8. Tom ..... be caught in a traffic jam. He's never been as late as this before.
Conditional clauses
( Propozitiile conditionale )
In limba engleza exista 3 tipuri de conditionale, in functie de tipul actiunii indicate: reala,
pozibila sau imposibila.
Type
I.
Main clause
( Propozitia principala )
if
( daca )
Secondary clause
( Propozitia secundara )
PREZENT
I buy apples. - Eu cumpar mere
if
daca
PREZENT
I want an apple pie. - vreau placinta
cu mere.
VIITOR
I shall buy apples - Eu voi cumpara
mere
if
daca
PREZENT
I want an apple pie. - voi vrea
placinta cu mere.
IMPERATIV
Buy apples - Cumpara mere
if
daca
PREZENT
you want an apple pie! - vrei placinta
cu mere!
II.
CONDITIONAL PREZENT
I would buy apples - Eu as cumpara
mere
if
daca
PAST TENSE
I wanted a pie. - as vrea placinta.
III.
CONDITIONAL TRECUT
I would have bought apples - Eu as fi
cumparat mere
if
daca
PAST PERFECT
I had wanted a pie. - as fi vrut
placinta.
Exercises:
I. Traduceti in Engleza:
1. El iti va scrie daca tu ii vei scrie.
2. El ti-ar scrie daca tu i-ai scrie.
3. El ti-ar fi scris daca tu i-ai fi scris.
4. Noi alergam daca vrem sa slabim.
5. Noi am alerga daca am vrea sa slabim.
6. Noi am fi alergat daca am fi vrut sa slabim.
7. Tu inveti daca vrei sa stii.
8. Tu ai invata daca ai vrea sa stii.
9. Tu ai fi invatat daca ai fi vrut sa stii.
Sclerotic at exterior; at the anterior eye pole it is transparent and it is called cornea.
Choroid, which is the obscure room of the eye; it contains a pigmented ring the iris. In the
middle of the iris there is the pupil orifice. The colour of the eye is given by the irian
pigment with shades from brown to black. Crystalline lens is biconvex and transparent.
Vocabulary:
eyesight vedere
sensitivity sensibilitate
to perceive a percepe
waves understand
with waves width between cu lungimea de unda cuprinsa intre
balancing of the body echilibrul corpului
to be made up of - a fi alcatuit din
eyeball glob ocular
eye socket orbita
crystalline lens cristalin
choroid coroida
curved curbat
watery humour umoarea apoasa
Modulul II COMUNICARE PROFESIONAL N LIMBA ENGLEZ
Vision therapy
Not all vision problems can be corrected by spectacles or contact lenses. Some people,
including many children, have difficulty in co-coordinating their two eyes.
In order to see something clearly, both eyes must be aimed accurately at the object and focused at
the right distance. Any problem with the aiming or focusing of the eyes can cause a variety of
symptoms, including intermittent double vision, blurred vision, headaches and feeling of eyestrain.
Children with these problems often do not complain about them, but may simply avoid tasks
such as reading that are difficult or cause discomfort.
Vision is the process of deriving meaning from what is seen. It involves more than visual
acuity (the ability to distinguish fine details). Vision involves fixation and eye movement abilities,
accommodation (focusing), convergence (eye aiming), binocularity (eye teaming), eye-hand
coordination and visual form perception. Vision is not entirely innate but continues to develop after
birth and is influenced by the visual environment and the individual's experience. If a person's
visual system has not developed to its optimal level, visually demanding activities may lead to
inefficient or uncomfortable vision.
Vision therapy (also referred to as visual training) is a program aimed at remediating and
enhancing an individual's visual abilities. Its function is to :
Treat existing visual problems such as amblyopia (lazy eye), eye alignment problems, eye
coordination problems, poorly sustained near focus, inadequate eye-hand coordination and
immature perceptual development
Enhance the efficiency and comfort of visual function
Help prevent some visual problems
Vocabulary:
in order to pentru a, ca sa
to aim a tinti, a indrepta
to focus a focaliza
blur obscuritate, lipsa de claritate
blurred vision imagine neclara
strain tensiune, incordare
eyestrain tensiune oculara
to complain about a se plange de
task sarcina
Modulul II COMUNICARE PROFESIONAL N LIMBA ENGLEZ
entirely in intregime
to demand a cere
to enhance a imbogati
alignment indreptare
poorly slab
focusing focalizare
visual form perception perceptia formei vizuale
aimed at cu scopul de a
Exercises:
I. Translate the text.
II. Which is the main idea of the following text?
You ought to know what to do to help a person who is choking, how to give first aid. First,
you stand behind the choking victim and put your arms around her or his waist. Second, you make a
fist and place the thumb side against the person stomach. Third, grasp your fist with your other hand
and press into the victims abdomen. Repeat this action if necessary.
Vocabulary:
ought to trebuie
to choke a se ineca cu ( mancare )
behind - in spatele
waist piept
fist pumn
to grasp a apuca
first aid primul ajutor
III. Translate into English:
1. Lentilele pentru ochelarii de corectare ( corrective glasses ) sunt destinate pentru corectarea
viciilor de refractie ale ochiului ( refraction errors of the eye ).
2. Ele sunt confectionate din ( to be made out of ) sticla sau materiale plastice transparente.
3. Exista mai multe tipuri de lentile pentru ochelari.
4. Lentilele pentru ochelarii de corectie pot fi sferice, asferice ( aspherical ), combinate
Modulul II COMUNICARE PROFESIONAL N LIMBA ENGLEZ
Optometrists
In many countries, Optometrists are health specialists trained to examine the human visual
system for eye disease, general health problems and other defects. ( Are you short or long sighted?
Do you have eye-movement problems or cataracts? Are you colour blind? ).
They carry out full eye examinations and prescribe and dispense corrective lenses, including
contact lenses.
The practice of Optometry requires an intimate knowledge of vision and while some of the
functions depend just on the non-neural components of the eye, the neural retina itself is actually
part of the brain. By processing retinal information in this way, it is possible to perceive and make
sense of the world around us and Neuroscience helps us understand this process. Thus the work of
neuroscientists and optometrists is complementary, each strengthening the research efforts of the
other.
Vocabulary:
to train a instrui
short-sighted miop
long-sighted presbit
colour-blind persoana care sufera de daltonism
to carry out a face, a indeplini
to dispense a prescrie
full eye examination examen ocular complet
to require a necesita ( aici ), a cere
intimate knowledge cunoastere profunda
non-neural components componente non-neurale
actually de fapt
to process a procesa, a analiza
to make sense of a da inteles
to strengthen a intari
Exercises:
I. Translate the text.
Modulul II COMUNICARE PROFESIONAL N LIMBA ENGLEZ
II. Imagine a short dialogue between the patient and the optometrist ( Imaginati-va un scurt dialog
intre pacient si optometrist ) :
III. Translate into English:
1. Acomodarea ( accommodation ) este o functie foarte de importanta a ochiului, un act reflex
( a reflex gesture ) foarte rapid. Prin el, aparatul optic ( the optical system ) trece de la
vederea de departe ( distance sight ) la cea de aproape ( near sight ) si invers ( reverse ).
2. Acomodarea se produce ( is the result of ) unei actiuni armonioase ( harmonious act ) la care
ia parte musculatura intrinseca ( intrinsec muscles ).
3. Acomodarea are cativa parametrii caracteristici ( characteristic parameters ):
- punctul cel mai indepartat de ochi
- punctul cel mai apropiat.
4. Acomodarea confera ( to give ) ochiului puterea de adaptare la diferite conditii de mediu
( environment conditions ).