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INPUT DATA
SCANTLING AND
DESIGN VARIABLES
CONSTRAINTS
OBJECTIVE FUNCTION
(Weight or Production cost)
Resonance
Ultimate limit
Fatigue
check
state check
check
GENETIC ALGORITHM
NE
END OF ITERATION
DA
OPTIMUM SCANTLING
2 Input Data
2.1 Generals
The site of the offshore wind farmin is in the North Sea, with water depth of 32 m. The investor has chosen to use 5 MW
wind turbines, with a service life of 20 years.
Value
Unit
MW
Number of blades
Rotor diameter
118
190
tones
Speed range
4-14.2
rpm
12.2
rpm
Unit
Load case 1
Load case 1
Type
FX
kN
870
721
FY
kN
-210
120
FZ
kN
-150
MX
kNm
5300
MY
kNm
-2840
2125
MZ
kNm
-1240
3800
Missalignement
deg
Vhub
m/s
42.5
37.5
Sea state
Regular
Regular
Wave height
4.8
Wave period
9.2
25
Water elevation
0.7
0.4
Aerodynamic
0.04
0.04
Wind state
Sea States
9.8
38.9
24.4
0.7
1.2
HS
Number of blades
225
417
560
5.8
12
Rotor diameter
4.1*10e8
6.53*10e7
2.76*10e6
20
Probability
id Vir
Z Bottom
UnitZ Top
Height
Tickness
Diameter Inf.
Diameter Sup.
Material
0.000
3.35
3.35
0.1
5.5
5.5
S235 JR
3.350
6.7
3.35
0.1
5.5
5.3
S235 JR
6.700
10.05
3.35
0.095
5.3
5.2
S235 JR
10.05
13.4
3.35
0.095
5.2
5.1
S235 JR
13.40
16.75
3.35
0.095
5.1
S235 JR
16.75
20.1
3.35
0.095
S235 JR
20.10
23.45
3.35
0.085
S235 JR
23.45
26.8
3.35
0.085
S235 JR
26.80
30.15
3.35
0.085
S235 JR
30.15
33.5
3.35
0.085
S235 JR
10
33.50
36.85
3.35
0.085
S235 JR
11
36.85
40.2
3.35
0.085
S235 JR
12
40.20
43.55
3.35
0.085
S235 JR
13
43.55
46.9
3.35
0.08
4.7
S235 JR
14
46.90
50.25
3.35
0.08
4.7
4.7
S235 JR
15
50.25
53.6
3.35
0.08
4.7
4.7
S235 JR
16
53.60
56.95
3.35
0.08
4.7
4.7
S235 JR
17
56.95
60.3
3.35
0.08
4.7
4.2
S235 JR
18
60.30
63.65
3.35
0.08
4.2
4.2
S235 JR
19
63.65
67
3.35
0.08
4.2
4.2
S235 JR
20
67.00
70.35
3.35
0.07
4.2
4.2
S235 JR
21
70.35
73.7
3.35
0.07
4.2
4.2
S235 JR
22
73.70
77.05
3.35
0.07
4.2
3.8
S235 JR
23
77.05
80.4
3.35
0.07
3.8
3.8
S235 JR
24
80.40
83.75
3.35
0.06
3.8
3.8
S235 JR
25
83.75
87.1
3.35
0.06
3.8
3.8
S235 JR
26
87.10
90.45
3.35
0.06
3.8
3.8
S235 JR
27
90.45
93.8
3.35
0.06
3.8
3.8
S235 JR
28
93.80
97.15
3.35
0.05
3.8
3.8
S235 JR
29
97.15
100.5
3.35
0.05
3.8
3.8
S235 JR
30
100.5
103.8
3.35
0.05
3.8
3.5
S235 JR
31
103.8
107.2
3.35
0.05
3.5
3.5
S235 JR
32
107.2
110.5
3.35
0.05
3.5
3.5
S235 JR
33
110.5
113.9
3.35
0.05
3.5
3.5
S235 JR
Also the computations results of fatigue analysis and ultimate limit state analysis as well as fatigue analysis for each shell
rings is given in the Table 5.
id Vir
JSD/fy,d
Buckling
Yielding
0.000
3.35
0.8074
0.9506
0.189749
3.350
6.7
0.8079
0.9227
0.98569
6.700
10.05
0.7655
0.8616
0.95312
10.05
13.4
0.7768
0.8827
0.90526
13.40
16.75
0.781
0.8641
0.82449
16.75
20.1
0.7464
0.8164
0.79428
20.10
23.45
0.714
0.7757
0.71944
23.45
26.8
0.6828
0.7365
0.67937
26.80
30.15
0.6949
0.7463
0.584070
30.15
33.5
0.665
0.7079
0.511728
10
33.50
36.85
0.6812
0.7200
0.401614
11
36.85
40.2
0.6517
0.6853
0.355264
12
40.20
43.55
0.6207
0.6526
0.295264
13
43.55
46.9
0.6185
0.6497
0.222369
14
46.90
50.25
0.6305
0.6618
0.188248
15
50.25
53.6
0.6269
0.6576
0.154664
16
53.60
56.95
0.6225
0.6526
0.129118
17
56.95
60.3
0.6171
0.6465
0.109347
18
60.30
63.65
0.6106
0.6392
0.0938130
19
63.65
67
0.586
0.6130
0.0814596
20
67.00
70.35
0.5447
0.5695
0.0675401
21
70.35
73.7
0.504
0.5264
0.0565462
22
73.70
77.05
0.5056
0.5272
0.0477754
23
77.05
80.4
0.5051
0.5258
0.0417313
24
80.40
83.75
0.4585
0.4764
0.0360536
25
83.75
87.1
0.4127
0.4278
0.0313669
26
87.10
90.45
0.3678
0.3799
0.0274731
27
90.45
93.8
0.3239
0.3330
0.0242178
28
93.80
97.15
0.2813
0.2872
0.0214798
29
97.15
100.5
0.2442
0.2468
0.0191628
30
100.5
103.8
0.2273
0.2263
0.0195554
31
103.8
107.2
0.2089
0.2043
0.0176309
32
107.2
110.5
0.1784
0.1695
0.0159739
33
110.5
113.9
0.1512
0.1374
0.00000
The general characteristics of the optimum solutions are summarized in the table 6.
Description
Value
Unit
Diameter at top
3.5
Diameter at seaground
43
mm
102
mm
Tower length
113.9
Structural Weight
694.5
tones
Cost
889 200
euro
Figure 5. initial
scantling and optimal scantling
6 Conclusion
In the report optimization of offshore wind turbine has performed by EOL software based on the Genetic algorithm. The
results are reduction of weight for 18.2% as well as reduction of production costs for 15.2%. This shows that the
optimization process is quite significant improvement in the design from initial monopile structure to optimal one and it saves
almost 20% of reduction (cost and weight). The software itself is very powerful and friendly to use. The disadvantage of
software is that it takes quite a lot time to obtain optimal solution. How this software is based on a genetic algorithm it have
some advantages eg we can incerase number of variables. But also there is have some disadvantages, when you increase
number of variables also the time to get optimal solution is extended, so to speed up the process it require a powerful
computer. Also if you repeat the process of optimization you'll always get different solutions, all can be optimal solution, but
not exactly the same results. There is no proof that your solution is global optimum, you can always end up in a local
optimum.