APPENDIX -A.

5
CALCULATION FOR LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY OF PIL ES

BORED CAST IN SITU PILES

100 . cm

540 . cm

AS PER IS:2911(Part 1/Sec 2)-1979

Qu = Ap[(Nc)(Cp)+(0.5)(D)(J)(NJ)+(PD)(Nq)] + 6Asi[(K)(PDi)(tanG) + (D)(C)]
Where,
Qu

Ultimate load carrying capacity of pile in kg/cm 2

Cross sectional area of pile toe in cm2

Ap
=
Nc,Nq and NJ =
Cp

D
PD
J

=
=
=

Asi
K

=
=

PDi

G
D

=
=

Bearing capacity factors

Average cohesion at pile toe in kg/cm 2
Stem diameter in cm 2
Overburden pressure at pile toe in kg/cm2
Effective unit weight of soil at pile toe in kg/cc
Surface area of pile shaft of i th layer in kg/cm2
Coefficient of earth pressure
Overburden pressure of i th layer
Angle of wall friction between soil and pile in degrees for i th layer
Reduction factor
Average cohesion for ith layer in kg/cm2

C
=
Taking values from field and laboratory test results,

LAYER 1 (from 0.00 M to 0.8 M depth below existing G.L. consisting of filled up soil
-neglecting these layer)
80. cm

Ht1

J1
C1
I1'

PD1

0.00186 . kg. cm
0.0. kg. cm

0.001 . kg. cm

Jw
3

J1'

J1

Jw

3
J1' = 0.001 kg. cm

0 . deg

Ht1 . J1

2
2
PD1 = 0.074 kg. cm
G1

I1'

G1 = 0 deg
tanG1 = 0
As1

S. D. Ht1

tanG1
D1

tan( G1 )

1
As1 = 2.513

Page 47

K1
4

10

cm

1.0

LAYER 2 (from 0.8 M to3.0M depth below existing G.L.

consisting of silty sand -)
220 . cm

Ht2

0.00206 . kg. cm

J2
C2

PD2

0.0. kg. cm
Ht2 .

J2'

J2

Jw

3
J2' = 0.001 kg. cm

J2'

2
2
PD2 = 0.117 kg. cm

28. deg

I2'

G2 = 28 deg

(reducing by 15% considering

disturbance due to piling
activity)

tanG2 = 0.532
As2

G2

I2'

tanG2
D2

tan( G2 )

K2

As2 = 6.912

S. D. Ht2

10

cm

LAYER 3 (from 3 M to 5M depth below existing G.L.

consisting of very stiff clayey silt -)
200 . cm

Ht3

J3
C3

PD3

0.00194 . kg. cm
1.2. kg. cm
Ht3 .

J3'

J3'

J3

Jw

3
J3' = 0.001 kg. cm

Ht2. J2'

2
2
PD3 = 0.327 kg. cm
I3'

22. deg

G3

G3 = 22 deg

tanG3

tanG3 = 0.404
As3

I3'

D3

tan( G3 )

0.3
As3 = 6.283

S. D. Ht3

Page 48

K3
4

10

cm

1.0

1.2

At pile toe
Nq

tan

I'

2 .
. eS tan( I' )

I'

22. deg

Nq = 7.821
Nc

NJ

2.

Nq

. tan( I' )

NJ = 7.128
Ht2. J2'

PD

PD'

2
PD' = 1.88 kg. cm

Ht3. J3'

2
PD = 0.421 kg. cm
Cp

1.2. kg. cm

Ap

S. 2
D

20. D. J3'

(PD<PD`)

Ap = 7853.982 cm

BEARING CAPACITY AS PER IS:2911(Part I/Sec 2)

Qutip

Ap. Nc . Cp

qutip

0.5. D. J3'. NJ

PD. Nq

Qutip = 1.133

2
qutip = 14.429 kg. cm

Qutip
Ap

10

kg

(<100 kg/cm2)
Qutip = 113.327 tonne

Qufriction1

Qufriction

As1. ( K1. PD1. tanG1

As2. ( K2. PD2. tanG2

D2. C2 )

As3. ( K3. PD3. tanG3

10

Qufriction = 36.068 tonne

kg

Qufriction
( As1 As2 As3 )

qufriction

2
qufriction = 0.23 kg. cm

Qutip

(< 1 kg/cm2)

Qufriction

Qu = 1.494

10

kg

Taking factor of safety of 2.5

Qusafe

D3. C3 )

Qufriction1

Qufriction = 3.607

Qu

D1. C1 )

Qu

2.5

Qusafe = 59.758 tonne

Therefore bearing capacity of pile can be considered as 590 KN

Page 49

SAFE UPLIFT LOAD

Quplift = The ultimate uplift resistance of pile with straight shaft is equal
skin friction which can be mobilised along the surface of the shaft plus the
dead load of the pile. The skin friction is commonly assumed equal to that for
pile under compressive load.
Jc=density of concrete
Vol = volume of pile
Jc

L1

1.20. m

(length of pile above water table)

L2

4.2. m

(length of pile below water table)

Jc'

Jc

0.0024. kg. cm
2
D
S. . L1

Vol1

4
5

Vol1 = 9.425

10

Vol2
cm

Jw
2
D
S. . L2

Vol2 = 3.299

10

cm

Dead load of pile = Vol x Jc`

DL

Vol1. Jc

Vol2. Jc'

DL = 6880.088 kg

Quplift

Qufriction

Quplift = 4.295

10

DL
4

kg

Taking factor of safety as 2.5

Qupliftsafe

Quplift

2.5

Qupliftsafe = 17.179 tonne

Therefore safe uplift load may be considered as 170KN

(NOTE: As per Clause 6.11.1, IS:2911 P1/S2:2010, the minimum area of longitudinal
reinforcement of any type or rade within pile shaft shall be 0.4 percent of the cross-sectional
area of pile shaft. The minimum reinforcement shall be provided throughout the length of the
shaft.)

Page 50

LATERAL DEFLECTION UNDER HORIZONTAL LOAD

Pa = Horizontal load for fixed head zero rotation
E = Young's modulus of pile
I = Moment of inertia of pile
Y = Allowable horizontal deflection
Lf = Depth from ground surface to point of virtual fixity
L1= exposed length of pile
Le= embedded length of pile

MN/m2

27000

4
D
S.

I = 4.909

10

cm

0.1018

m4

64

Considering, K=7.08MN/m3, as per Table 4.3,

L1 = free height of pile

L1

0.40

7.08

MN/m3

1
4

( E.I )
( K. B )

R = 4.439

Le

5.0

Therefore Le < 2 R, considering short pile, as per Section 6.3.1, Pile Design and Construction
Practice (copy attached below), fixity may be assumed as 3m
Determining deflection of pile carrying vertical loads for free headed short rigid pile as per
section 6.3.3. Pile Design and Construction by M.J. Tomlinson

k1

0.708 . kg. cm

100 . cm

2.7. 10

4
S. D

5
. kg. cm 2

(modulus of elasticity of concrete)

64
I = 4.909

10

cm

(moment of inertia)
Page 51

k1. B

1
4

40. cm

(free length of pile above ground level)

4 .E.I

E = 0.058

Le

(permissible lateral deflection at pile top)

(embedded length of pile)

500 . cm

(<1.5)

E . Le = 0.956

Pa

0.3. cm

y. k1. B. Le
.
4 . 1 1.5 e
Le

Pa = 2370.536 kg

Pa = 2.4 tonne

Therefore the lateral load for 3mm deflection at pile tope may be considered as 24KN.

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