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The following tables summarise the most common types of field failure modes in water supply mains and pressure sewers and associated fittings
and appurtenances. The table has been developed specifically for Australian pipes, environments and operating conditions and is designed
standardise the reporting of field data for entry into Water Agency failure databases.
Failure Mode
SCL
DICL
PVC
PE
CICL
AC
GRP
Copper
Comments
PIPES
Piece blown Out
Perforation
Broken back
(Circumferential
break)
Longitudinal split
Pipe wall rupture/tear
Associated with or
during tapping
Leaking joint
Third-party damage
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Fittings
Mechanical
couplings Gibault
Air valves
Hydrants
Plastic
bodied ball
valves
Split / Cracked
body
Perforation
Bolt/nut failure*
Metal bodied
ball Valves
Tapping
bands
Tapping
ferrules
a
a
Spindle failure*
a
a
Coating failure
Seized
ball/mushroom
a
a
Jumper valve
failure*
Internal corrosion
Degradation of
material apart from
corrosion and
2
coating failure
Failure to operate
NOTES
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Failure Type
Brief Description
Perforation
Broken back
(Circumferential
break)
PVC-U
DICL
DICL
PE - small split
Cast iron
Longitudinal split
Copper
AC
Cast iron
PVC
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Pipe wall
rupture/tear
Associated with or
during tapping
Leaking joint
GRP
Steel
Other examples
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Fitting
Tapping
ferrule,
connection
fittings,
insulation
bushes
Tapping band
and clamps
Valves
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PE Fittings
Copyright
Copyright 2003 Water Services Association of Australia Inc. Subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act (1968), no part of this document may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any
means (electronic, graphic or mechanical including photocopying, recording, taping, micro copying or otherwise) or reproduced or used in connection with any information retrieval system or
transmitted by any means, without the prior written permission of WSAA.
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