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Corresponding Author: Hanafey Farouk Maswada, Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University,
Tanta, Egypt Tel: 0101-1486580 Fax: 040-3455570
1 698
Where:
dc = Average increase in mycelial growth in control
dt = Average increase in mycelial growth in treatment
The inhibitory percentages were plotted on probit
graph paper against plant extract concentrations.
Statistical analysis: Data were statistically analyzed
according to the method of Litchfield and Wilcoxon
(1949). The obtained data including slopes of the
regression lines and GR5U values with their 95%
confidence limits had recorded.
RESULTS
Antifungal activity of the plant extracts against
Alternaria solaniz All plant extract had antifungal activity
againstA. solani (Table 1, Fig. 1). The antifungal activity
greatly varied depending on plant parts and/or the tested
plant species. The antifungal toxicities of cermin plant
extracts could be arranged descendingly as follows:
C. capitatus (S) S. lanata (S) A. stipularis (R)2S. lanata
(R)2C. capitatus (R)2A. stipularis (S) (GR5U: 136.61,
364.78, 811.37, 908.60, 2207.81 and 3062.02 ppm,
respectively). Based on the obtained results, the plant
extracts could be classified into two groups according to
their antifungal toxicity against A. solani. The first group
includes the plant extracts that exhibited high antifungal
1699
100
_;
A. stipularis (R)
50
WWW
_ __'- ., I
EH
ii!
usi
.
--'5}
"-%
__- .5:_
"=-
hi
.-5
9] Iri
5-
1%- 7
:5;-5! __"" 5
Probit.
A. stipularis (S)
C. capitatus (S)
-;- ' S. lanata (S)
Pi.
.'|
10
100
2
10000
1000
Concentration (ppm)
Fig. 1: Probit regression line for the inhibition effects of some methanolic plant extracts against Alternaria solani after
7 days from treatment using radial growth technique
Table 1: Toxicity of methanolic plant extracts against Alternaria solani after 7 days from treatment using radial growth technique
Condence limits (ppm)
Plant species
A. stipularir
Plant part
R
S
C. cqwitatus
S. lanata
w>;uw>;u
GRU (ppm)
811.37
3062.02
2207.81
136.61
908.60
364.78
Lower
165.66
221.29
65.49
17.83
63.39
204.85
Upp er
3974. 03
423 70. 31
74428. 35
1046.46
13023. 55
649. 56
GR;;. (ppm)
604425.49
>106
>106
654749. 53
>106
2621 s9. 77
Slop e value
0.82
0.50
0.37
0.64
0.49
0.82
R2
0.91
0.85
0.91
0.93
1.00
0.98
100
A. stipularis (R)
'
50 _
4-f
T
-P2:-.--
.2?"
>9:-1
.52;-9
1;-';_.-
i.-_=.-.
5.-_=.-.
g-jl-
-4-
!| ix
,9:
__- 5
Probit.
'1:
1-I'-,--I-III-"-.?__'-_".
:;T:|_,_
.
1.
10
100
2
10000
1000
Concentration (ppm)
Fig. 2: Probit regression line for the inhibition effects of some methanolic plant extracts against Aspergillus niger after
7 days from treatment using radial growth technique
Table 2: Toxic itv of methanolic plant extracts against Aspergillus niger aer 7 days from treatment using radial growth technique
Condence limits (ppm)
Plant species
A. stipu.lari.'
Plant Part
R
S
GR5nlppm)
33.69
630.72
Lower
11.59
9.70
951.06
251.90
106.94
280.72
123.33
24.29
C. capitatnr
S. lanara
79/177
S
S: Shoot system, R: Under ground part
Upp er
GR. (ppm)
Slop e value
R2
97.96
41028.15
3222.10
514.53
470.79
>106
>106
0.45
0.11
0.39
0.67
0.32
0.81
0.28
0.10
0.88
0.89
0.82
>10
>106
>10
100
A. stipularis (R)
stipularis (S)
C. capitatus (S)
S. lanata (S)
50
-7-
_
=5.
vi)
Er".
__
L _~ 4
1.9.2:.
5:97 7
inlI
1. ._
1'1-' i-.
I-'-".l';?_;-i.
.
-; -_,_,_1
_,_.-_l';.=_:_'-.
"
Probit.
10
100
1000
Concentration (ppm)
Fig. 3: Probit regression line for the inhibition effects of some methanolic plant extracts against Rhizopus stolorzifer after
7 days from treatment using radial growth technique
Table 3: Toxicity of methanolic plant extracts against Rhizopus stolonizr after 7 days from treatment using radial growth technique
Condence limits (ppm)
Plant species
A. stipularir
Plant Part
R
S
C. capitatnr
S. lanara
"WWW
GR (ppm)
132.26
134.17
586.31
21.23
20.84
105.37
Lower
13.88
18.66
228.11
0.14
11.11
76.71
Upp er
1260.61
964.52
1506.98
3208.57
39.09
144.74
DISCUSSION
Plants are rich source of bioactive compounds such
as tannins, terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids
and other compounds, reported to have in vitro
antifungal properties (Arif et al., 2009). The studied plants
contained high amounts of bioactive compounds such as
total and simple phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids,
saponin and cyanogenic glycosides (Hassan and
Maswada, 2012; Maswada and Elzaawely, 2013).
Therefore, the efficacy of different plant extracts of the
underground parts (R) and shoot system (S) of these
plants were tested against the mycelial growth of
three pathogenic fungi, A. solarii, A. riiger
and
R. stoloriifer.
GR;;. (ppm)
>10
493678. 75
29829.77
>10
2704 7.44
3928.79
Slop e value
0. 58
0. 66
1. 38
0.26
0. 76
1.50
R2
0.95
0.94
0.99
0. 99
0.98
0.97
1702
1703
1704
1705